BULGARIA

CULTURAL ASPECTSAccording to Geert Hofstede’s 5 Dimensions

High Power Distance

Low Power Distance

the way that the less powerful members of organizations within a country expectthat power is distributed unequally

Power Distance

Power DistanceBulgaria

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Bulgaria USA China

•people accept a hierarchical order in which everybody has a place

•centralization is popular

•subordinates expect to be told what to do

•the ideal boss is a benevolent autocrat

Individualism

Collectivism

the degree of interdependence a society maintains among its members

Individualism

IndividualismBulgaria

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Bulgaria USA China

•a collectivistic society

•loyalty is paramount

•society fosters strong relationships

•offence leads to shame and loss of face

•hiring and promotion decisions take account of the employee’s in-group

Masculinity

Femininity

what motivates people: wanting to be the best (masculine) or

liking what you do (feminine)

Masculinity/Femininity

Masculinity/FemininityBulgaria

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Bulgaria USA China

•a relatively feminine society

•the focus is on “working in order to live”

•managers strive for consensus

•people value equality, solidarity and quality in their working lives

•conflicts are resolved by compromise and negotiation

•focus is on well-being, status is not shown

High Uncertainty

Low Uncertainty

the extent to which people feel threatened by unknown situations and

have created beliefs and institutions that try to avoid these

Uncertainty Avoidance

Uncertainty AvoidanceBulgaria

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Bulgaria USA China

• intolerant of unorthodox behavior and ideas

• there is an emotional need for rules

• time is money

• people have an inner urge to be busy and work hard

• precision and punctuality are the norm

• innovation may be resisted

• security is an important element in individual motivation