2

2

2

2

Speed

Speed can be thought of as the rate at which an object coversdistance. A fast-moving object has a high speed and covers a relatively large distance in a given amount of time, while a slow-moving object covers a relatively small amount of distance in the same amount of time.

Velocity

As a change of direction occurs while the cars turn on the curved track, their velocity is not constant.

Magnitude / Intensity Comparison

Magnitude and Intensity measure different characteristics of earthquakes. Magnitude measures the energy released at the source of the earthquake. Magnitude is determined from measurements on seismographs. Intensity measures the strength of shaking produced by the earthquake at a certain location. Intensity is determined from effects on people, human structures, and the natural environment.

Magnitude / Intensity Comparison

The following table gives intensities that are typically observed at locations near the epicenter of earthquakes of different magnitudes.

MagnitudeTypical MaximumModified Mercalli Intensity

1.0 - 3.0I

3.0 - 3.9II - III

4.0 - 4.9IV - V

5.0 - 5.9VI - VII

6.0 - 6.9VII - IX

7.0and higherVIIIor higher

Abbreviated Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale

I. Not felt except by a very few under especially favorable conditions.

II. Felt only by a few persons at rest, especially on upper floors of buildings.

III. Felt quite noticeably by persons indoors, especially on upper floors of buildings. Many people do not recognize it as an earthquake. Standing motor cars may rock slightly. Vibrations similar to the passing of a truck. Duration estimated.

IV. Felt indoors by many, outdoors by few during the day. At night, some awakened. Dishes, windows, doors disturbed; walls make cracking sound. Sensation like heavy truck striking building. Standing motor cars rocked noticeably.

V. Felt by nearly everyone; many awakened. Some dishes, windows broken. Unstable objects overturned. Pendulum clocks may stop.

VI. Felt by all, many frightened. Some heavy furniture moved; a few instances of fallen plaster. Damage slight.

VII. Damage negligible in buildings of good design and construction; slight to moderate in well-built ordinary structures; considerable damage in poorly built or badly designed structures; some chimneys broken.

VIII. Damage slight in specially designed structures; considerable damage in ordinary substantial buildings with partial collapse. Damage great in poorly built structures. Fall of chimneys, factory stacks, columns, monuments, walls. Heavy furniture overturned.

IX. Damage considerable in specially designed structures; well-designed frame structures thrown out of plumb. Damage great in substantial buildings, with partial collapse. Buildings shifted off foundations.

X. Some well-built wooden structures destroyed; most masonry and frame structures destroyed with foundations. Rails bent.

XI. Few, if any (masonry) structures remain standing. Bridges destroyed. Rails bent greatly.

XII. Damage total. Lines of sight and level are distorted. Objects thrown into the air.

Causes of Season in the Philippines

BLUE IS THE HOTTEST AND RED IS THE COOLEST

Supergiant starsGiant star

WHY CONSTELLATION USEFUL TO PEOPLECOMMON CONSTELATIONS

Nasa star

CARRIES THE LARGEST TELESCOPE TO VIEW CLEARLY THE SOLAR SYSTEM

TheSubaru Telescope(left) andKeck Observatory(center) onMauna Kea, both examples of an observatory that operates at near-infrared and visible wavelengths. TheNASA Infrared Telescope Facility(right) is an example of a telescope that operates only at near-infrared wavelengths.

GENESIS

PHOENIX MARS LANDER engaged on a 3-year mission to explore the solar winds Five-month-plus mission on the Red Planet.VOYAGER 1 IS TO EXPLORE THE SPACE NASA's IBEX

spacecraft exploring the edge of our solar system .

NameAperturecm (in.)TypeWhereWhen

Mars Reconnaissance OrbiterHiRISE50cm (19.7)R/CMars orbit2005

Mars Global SurveyorMOC[15]35cm (13.8)R/CMars orbit19962006

New HorizonsLORRI[citation needed]20.8cm (8.2)R/CSpace (33+ AU from Earth)2006

Lunar Reconnaissance OrbiterLROC-NAC[16]19.5cm (7.68)ReflectorLunar orbit2009

CassiniISS-NAC[17]19cm (7.5)ReflectorSaturn orbit2004

Galileo- Solid State Imager[18]17.65cm (6.95)ReflectorJupiter1989-2003

Voyager 1/2, ISS-NAC[19]17.6cm (6.92)CatadioptricSpace1977

Mariner 10- TV Photo Experiment (x2)[20]15cm (5.9)ReflectorSpace1973-1975

Deep Space 1MICAS[21]10cm ( 3.94)ReflectorSolar orbit1998-2001

Voyager 1/2, ISS-WAC[19]6cm (2.36)LensSpace1977

CassiniISS-WAC[17]5.7cm (2.2)LensSaturn orbit2004

MESSENGERMDIS-WAC[22]3cm (1.18)LensMercury orbit2004

MESSENGERMDIS-NAC[22]2.5cm (0.98)R/CMercury orbit2004

DawnFraming Camera (FC1/FC2)[23]2cm (0.8)LensAsteroid belt2007

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Recycle/

Re-use the garbage

Practice proper waste disposal/ segregation

Regulate smoke belching on vehicles

Tree planting/ Reforestation

Establish sanctuaries for endangered wildlife and marine life

Enforce logging regulations

HARMFUL EFFECTS OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES TO THE ENVIRONMENT

The scientific name for the twinkling of stars is stellar scintillation (or astronomical scintillation). Stars twinkle when we see them from the Earth's surface because we are viewing them through thick layers of turbulent (moving) air in the HYPERLINK "http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/astronomy/planets/earth/Atmosphere.shtml" Earth's atmosphere.

A light-year is the distance that light travels in one year, which is about six trillion miles. It is perhaps the best unit of measurement to use for distances in space, because space is so unbelievably vast. No unit of measurement is as adequate for space as a light-year.

FOR PROBLEMS MET IN SPACE

No atmosphereDeadly radiation & cosmic raysHuge distancesHuge amount of energy required just to escape Earth's gravityLow gravity causes some health problems

ACHIEVEMENTS OF SPACE EXPLORATION

First human orbit on earth

First space walk

First space soft land on moon

First human walks on moon