The Bullet TrainBY- SWATANTRA DEEP KATIYAR

IntroductionBullet train trackSupport systemTypes of technologyPropulsion systemBullet vs conventonal trainHow it is better for the environment

IntroductionBullet trainis a system of transportation that uses magnetic levitation to suspend, guide and propel vehicles from magnets rather than using mechanical methods, such as friction-reliant wheels, axles and bearings. Bullet train is a means of flying a vehicle or object along a guideway by using magnets to create both lift and thrust, albeit only a few inches above the guideway surface

The Bullet Train TrackType of Magnet UsesThis train uses superconducting electric magnets in the vehicle to levitate and propel the train. These magnets are cooled by liquid helium or liquid nitrogen. This means that once electrified these magnets do not require additional energy.

The magnetized coil running along the track, called aguideway, allowing the train tolevitatebetween 0.39 and 3.93 inches above the guideway. Once the train is levitated, power is supplied to the coils within the guideway walls to create a unique system of magnetic fields that pull and push the train along the guideway. The electric current supplied to the coils in the guideway walls is constantly alternating to change the polarity of the magnetized coils. This change in polarity causes the magnetic field in front of the train to pull the vehicle forward, while the magnetic field behind the train adds more forward thrust

The electromagnets on the underside of the train pull it up to the ferromagnetic stators on the track and levitate the train. The magnets on the side keep the train from moving from side to side. A computer changes the amount of current to keep the train 1 cm from the track.Support system

Two types of bullet train TechnologiesElectromagnetic suspension (EMS)Electrodynamic suspension (EDS)

Electromagnetic suspension (EMS)

In current electromagnetic suspension (EMS) systems, the train levitates above a steel rail whileelectromagnets, attached to the train, are oriented toward the rail from below. The system is typically arranged on a series of C-shaped arms, with the upper portion of the arm attached to the vehicle, and the lower inside edge containing the magnets. The rail is situated between the upper and lower edges.

Electrodynamic suspension (EDS)

In electrodynamic suspension (EDS), both the rail and the train exert a magnetic field, and the train is levitated by the repulsive force between these magnetic fields. The magnetic field in the train is produced by either superconducting magnets or by an array of permanent magnets . The repulsive force in the track is created by aninduced magnetic fieldin wires or other conducting strips in the track.

Electrodynamic suspension (EDS)representation

Propulsion System The system consists of aluminum three-phase cable windings in the stator packs that are on the guideway When a current is supplied to the windings, it creates a traveling alternating current that propels the train forward by pushing and pulling.

When the alternating current is reversed, the train brakes. Different speeds are achieved by varying the intensity of the current. Only the section of track where the train is traveling is electrified.

Propulsion

An alternating current is ran through electromagnet coils on the guide walls of the guide way. This creates a magnetic field that attracts and repels the superconducting magnets on the train and propels the train forward. Braking is accomplished by sending an alternating current in the reverse direction so that it is slowed by attractive and repulsive forces.

Seating Capacity & classesThe train has three seprate classes namely buisness class, green class, ordinary class.E 5 Series shinkansen train configured with ten cars and has a capacity to carry 731 passenger.658 seats of ordinary class, 55 seats are of green class and 18 seats are in buisness class.

Bullet vs. Conventional Trains

Bullet TrainsConventional TrainsNo Friction = Less MaintenanceRoutine Maintenance NeededNo Engine = No fuel requiredEngine requires fossil fuelsSpeeds in excess of300 mphSpeeds up to 110 mph

Application Information

Safety The trains are virtually impossible to derail because the train is wrapped around the track. Collisions between trains are unlikely because computers are controlling the trains movements.Maintenance There is very little maintenance because there is no contact between the parts.

ComfortThe ride is smooth while not accelerating..Economic EfficencyThe initial investment is similar to other high speed rail roads. (Maglift is $20-$40 million per mile and I-279 in Pittsburg cost $37 million per mile 17 years ago.)Operating expenses are half of that of other railroads.A train is composed of sections that each contain 100 seats, and a train can have between 2 and 10 sections.

Better for the EnvironmentLess energy consumption because no rail-track frictionRequires no fossil fuel which can harm the environment.Less noise pollution since the train never hits the trackMagLev guideways and trains take up less space than conventional trains

SummaryBullet trains use magnets to levitate and propel the trains forward.Since there is no friction these trains can reach high speeds.It is a safe and efficient way to travel.

Referenceswww.wikipedia.comwww.google.com

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