burden of influenza: mortality and death. everyone is at risk 100 million people infected every...
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BURDEN OF INFLUENZA:MORTALITY AND DEATH
Everyone is at risk
100 million people infected every year in Northern Hemisphere*
*In North America, Europe, and Japan.
ESWI. Available at: http//www.eswi.org/library/bulletins/0499-4.html.CDC. MMWR. 2001;50(RR-04)1-46.
1:10 adults 1:3 children 10,000-40,000 deaths in the USA
1. Vital and Health Statistics for CDC NCHS. Current estimates from the National Health Interview Survey, 1994. Series 10, No. 193. 2. Glezen WP, et al. J Infect Dis. 1987;155:1119-1126.
The majority of people affected by influenza are adults, most of whom are “healthy”
Influenza affects healthy adults
• Adults with influenza1 – Rapid symptom onset– Confined to bed 3 to 7 days– Reduced activity 10 to 13
days
• Young adults with influenza2
– Airway dysfunction/hyper-reactivity
– May persist for weeks after infection
UK-based General Practice Research Database (GPRD).
Meier CR, et al. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2000;19:834-842.
Most complications occur in healthy persons
n=9,729n=3,728
High riskHealthy
1. Meier CR, et al. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2000;19:834-842. 2. Monto AS, et al. 9th International Congress on Infectious Diseases. April 2000; Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Influenza- secondary complications
• Most complications affect otherwise healthy people 1
– Bronchitis, Pneumonia– Sinusitis– Exacerbation of comorbidity
60 - 80% of patients with secondary complications get antibiotics 1,2
• Antibiotics are prescribed in 30 - 45% of patients with Influenza or ILI 1,2Healthy
Risk groups
62% 38%
Risk of influenza-associated deaths
Risk Risk to die within one year due to
10-2- 10-3 Smoking more than 10 cigarettes/Tag
10-3- 10-4 Influenza
Street accident
10-4- 10-5 Leukemia
Suicide
10-5- 10-6 Train accident
10-6 Lightning stroke
Calman KC. BMJ. 1996;313:799-802.
By courtesy of Dr. T.D. Szucs, University of Zurich, Switzerland