What is a Typical Urban Land Use Model?

The Burgess Model 1924 Based on outward

expansion of Chicago Contained 5 zones

reflecting function and socio economic groupings

Assumes Flat city, equal advantages

in all areas Transport systems very

limited Land values high in center,

fall rapidly Poor lived close to place of

work

Limitations Specific to one place Doesn’t take into account

mass transportation Found almost nowhere

The Hoyt Model 1939 Based on 142 US cities Accounts for land use

and socio economics Based on sectors Assumptions

Highest rent alongside main lines of transport/ communication

Zones are wedge in shape

Grow outwards

Limitations Similar to Burgess Assumes nature of

zones will remain the same (no change in status or use)

Burgess & Hoyt Models - Functional Zones & Sectors

4 Middle class housing Semi detached housing 1 to 2 story homes Usually with smaller yards

5 High class housing Most expensive residential

properties Single family homes – often ornate Green space with garage – space

between neighbors

6 Rural Urban Fringe (RUF) – Outer suburbs Commuter villages/towns Suburban planned developments

with large laws, cul-de-sac

Functional Zones/ Sectors 1-6

1 CBD – Central Business District Commerce, entertainment, office,

government Best transportation links thus highest

land value

2 Transition/ twilight zone Light manufacturing, blighted, vacant

areas, high crime

3 Low class (working class) housing High density occupants

In the past, worked in nearby factories. May be multiple family dwellings,

low rise apartments, row or attached housing

Some evidence of blight/ abandonment

LEDC Land Use Functional

Zones/Sectors CBD – Similar to MEDC –

more crowded/ congested

Inner Zone – mix of modern housing and colonial era, wealthy – many work in CBD

Middle Zone – Improved homes but poor quality, basic infrastructure (electricity, water, sewage)

Outer Zone –rudimentary housing – slums/shanties, self constructed hoses, lacks infrastructure

Industry develops along lines of transportation and fringe of CBD

Functional Zones in a City Three Major Types of Land Use

1. Shops and Offices2. Industry3. Housing

Other significant uses include open space, transport and services (schools, hospitals and shops)

As cities develop their own pattern it is likely to become more complex (pg. 156)

Review Video

Activities Page 157

1. Look at diagram E.a. What do the letters CBD mean?b. Give two main functions of the

CBD.c. In which zone is industry the

main function?d. In which zone is the most

expensive housing?e. In which zone is the cheapest

housing?

Activities continued

2. Compare the land use and functions of Carlisle in photo C and map D with those of the Burgess model in diagram A.1. Give three similarities between Carlisle and

the model2. Give three differences between Carlisle and

the model3. Draw a simple land use model of

your nearest town or city. Does it have any obvious similarities to or differences from the Burgess model?