BUSINESS COMMUNICATION

Ashok dhakerMba dual

Sec - bSem -1

FORMAL COMMUNICATION

DEFINITION It is in the form of official message and

news that flow through recognized channels or routes formally laid by the organization.

This communication may take place between a superior and subordinate, a subordinate and superior or among employees at same level or departmental managers.

TYPES Vertical Communication 1. Downward communication 2. Upward communication Horizontal communication

DOWNWARD COMMUNICATION The communication by top hierarchy

with their subordinates is called downward communication.

This communications includes orders, rules, information, policies, instructions etc.

UPWARD COMMUNICATION This is quite the reverse of the

downward communication. This flows from the subordinates to the superior.

The subject matter of this communication includes suggestions, reactions, reports, complaints etc.

HORIZONTAL COMMUNICATION This communication takes place who

two individuals of the same level exchange information.

Horizontal communication is used by the same level officers to solve the problems of similar nature and profit by experience of other people

It includes information, requests, suggestions, mutual problems and coordination related information.

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES1. Effective 2. Provide close contact

between members3. Control over the sub-

ordinates in their responsibility.

4. Flow of essential information in an orderly manner

1. Stiff, Slow and Rigid2. Channels of

communication are not perfect.

3. Org. distance, screening at various points and narrow route are the three bottlenecks in the flow of communication .

Top Level

Middle Level

Lower Level

Lower Level

Middle Level

Lower Level

Lower Level

HORIZONTAL

UPWARD

DOWNWARD