business computing level 5 l22142 - rynagh mcnally it...
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Business Computing Level 5 L22142 Unit 1 Computer Introduction College Monaghan Institute
FETAC Further Education and Training Awards Council
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
1 Monaghan Institute
Unit 1 ndash Computer Introduction
Specific Learning Objectives Page
111 Define the terms hardware and software
112 Evaluate the main components of a computer processing system
ie input output processing and backing store
113 Distinguish between the various types of computer
Mainframe
Mini
Micro (desktop notebook palmtop)
114 Evaluate the use of various input devices with reference to specific
application eg
Keyboard
Mouse
Touch sensitive screen
Microphone (voice data entry)
Scanner
Smart Cards
Sensors eg alarms climate control
115 Evaluate the use of various output devices with reference to specific
applications eg
Printers (impact and non-impact)
Plotters
Monitors
Disks (magnetic and optical)
Speakers
116 Identify the specifications of a range of office and business
equipment eg fax telephone photocopier
117 Distinguish between the various types of printers and plotters and
outline their advantages and disadvantages
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
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118 Identify the various backing store devices and their associated
media and outline their advantages and disadvantages eg
Floppy Disk
Hard Disk
Optical Disk
Magnetic Tape
Memory CardStick
Magnetic Disks
119 Describe the main parts of a small network eg gateway router
hub server etc
1110 Distinguish between systems and applications software
1111 Describe the major functions carried out by an operating system eg
Providing the user interface
Scheduling resources amongst users
Reporting errors to the user
File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
Controlling operations of peripheral devices
Running required software
Memory management
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
3 Monaghan Institute
Definition ndash What is a computer
The simplest definition of a computer is lsquoA computer is a machine for processing datarsquo or lsquoA
computer is a general-purpose machine that processes data according to a set of
instructions that are stored internally either temporarily or permanentlyrsquo
111 Define the terms hardware and software
Hardware is the general term used to describe all the electronic and mechanical elements
of the computer Hardware is basically something that has size and shape and can be seen
and touched For example computer screen printer disk drive mouse cables etc
Software is the general term used to describe the various programs used on a computer
Software is something that has no size and it cannot be touched but a computer cannot do
anything without software Software is generally supported on a CD Software is
continually being updated and developed Updates can be introduced to correct faults and
add new improvements to software Software can be broken down into
Systems Software ndash operating system to control the computers operation For
example Windows 7 Windows XP or Vista An operating system turns an
assortment of electronic parts into a compu ter that we can use to do things It acts
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
4 Monaghan Institute
as an interface between the different hardware devices and the user When the
computer boots up it is the operating system that we see first
Applications Software ndash software which is used to perform specific tasks For
example Word Excel Access and Internet Explorer
112 Evaluate the main components of a computer processing system
ie input output processing and backing store
A computer component is a computer part or hardware These can be divided into two
groups the components inside the tower and the components we can see
Main Components of a Computer Processing System ndash Inside the Tower
a Hard Drive
b CPU Central Processing Unit
c Motherboard
d PSU Power Supply Unit
e RAM Random Access Memory
f Modem
g Video Card
h Network Card
1) Hard Drive
Like the filing cabinet inside your computer This stores all of your
programs and files its size is measured in GB (the more GB the
more you can store) The average size today is upward of
120GB
2) CPU Central Processing Unit
The CPU stands Central Processing Unit - the brain of the computer
This is one of the smallest yet most expensive parts of a PC When
people talk about the speed of a computer they are talking about the
speed of the CPU The CPU interprets the instructions you give the
computer and then carries out the task The speed of a CPU is measured in Mhz and Ghz
(the more Mhz the faster the PC) and the bigger your CPU the faster a computer can work
Manufactures include Intel AMD and IBM
3) Motherboard
This is the main board on the computer All the components slot in or
connect to the motherboard it is a very complicated and intricate
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
5
4) PSU Power Supply Unit
This is where the mains power plugs into the computer It is located at the back of the
computer next to the fan which keeps it cool The PSU has lots of cables connected to it
which can plug into the components on the PC including the CD ROM Hard Drive Fan and
Motherboard
5) RAM Random Access Memory
RAM - stands for Random Access Memory This is a temporary type of
memory used while you are working on your computer (where your work is
saved before you actually save it) It is the memory a computer needs to
run software When you load or run software it goes into RAM If you
type something it also goes into RAM before being saved on the hard disk
When you turn your computer off all the data in RAM is lost The
performance of RAM is measured in MB the more MB of RAM a PC has
the better it can cope with big tasks like having lots of applications open at once if you have
a small amount of RAM the PC will crash and become very slow RAM can be easily added
to a computer to improve its performance
6) Modem
This is what is used to connect a computer to the internet it connects though a phone line
The performance of a modem is measured in KB The speed of modems is limited by
phone lines (that is why we now have broadband)
7) Video Card
A video card sends the picture signals from the
motherboard to the monitor The video card is
inserted into the mother board like the RAM It
interprets what needs to be displayed and passes
the message on to the monitor You can get
powerful 3D cards for games some video cards are
so fast they have to have their own fans
Performance of video cards is measured in MB (the
more lsquoMBrsquo the faster the picture appears) Average
size today is about 64mb
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
6
8) Network Card
Network cards (network interface controller) are used to
connect computers to a computer network all the computers
in the college have a network card so they can talk to each
other The speed of a network card is measured in MB per
second
From MEMORY ndash name 8 of the main components which are found inside the
tower of a computer and state briefly what they do
1) ____________________ ________________________________________________
2) ____________________ ________________________________________________
3) ____________________ ________________________________________________
4) ____________________ ________________________________________________
5) ____________________ ________________________________________________
6) ____________________ ________________________________________________
7) ____________________ ________________________________________________
8) ____________________ ________________________________________________
NOTES
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
7
Main Components of a Computer Processing System ndash We can See
Input and Output
a Input Devices
Any device that is used to enter data into a computer system is called an input device
the following are 9 different types of input device match the numbers with the images
1 Keyboard
2 Mouse
3 Graphics Tablet
4 Microphone
5 Digital Camera
6 Scanner
7 TouchPad
8 TrackerBall
9 Joystick
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
7
b Output Devices
An output device is any device that is used to present data in a usable form from a
computer system is called an OUTPUT device The output may be permanent (on paper) or
may be temporary (on screen) There are many different types of OUTPUT device each
one designed to provide an efficient way of retrieving the DATA
Match the following descriptions with the name of the output device
a) Laser Printer
b) Data Projector
c) Headphones
d) Speakers
e) Inkjet Printer
f) Monitor VDU
Visual Display Unit ndash used for displaying the picture outputted from the graphics
card
Used to output noise from the computer also consider buzzers and alarms eg
burglar alarm
This printer has a print head which fires small jets of ink at the paper Head
consists of a line of jets similar to the dot matrix 600 dpi (data pixels per inch) 3
colours are magenta cyan and yellow
This printer works like a photocopier A laser beam scans the document and
then the toner is fused to the paper to form an image
Uses light bulbs to project an image which is sent from the computer to the wall
of the classroom
Just like speakers but the noise does not distract others in the same room
113 Distinguish between the various types of computer
a Mainframe
Mainframe computers are used by very large corporations and have large computing
power and storage space Modern mainframes tend to be about the size of a large
storage cabinet These computers would be stored in a special room with a large
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
8
number of terminals connected to them These computers are very powerful and
process data very quickly Main frames are very expensive and are therefore only used
by large corporations
b Mini
Mini computers have a similar arrangement to mainframe computers but are smaller ndash
typically the size of a small filing cabinet These would be used in situations where the
large power and storage of a mainframe was not required This type of computer is not
nearly as expensive as a mainframe but still retains a lot of the mainframe features
Mini computers are typically found in sizable companies
c Micro (desktop notebook palmtop)
Micro computers are by far the most common type of computer They are commonly
referred to as a PC (Personal Computer) The modern micro computer is as powerful as
a mainframe was a number of years ago they are relatively cheap and have a vast
number of programs available for them They are fast and have large storage and are
used in a wide variety of businesses there is a PC in most homes today
Dumb Terminals
Mainframe Computer
NOTES
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
9
114 Evaluate the use of various input devices with reference to specific
application eg
a Keyboard
Keyboards are one of the two basic components used for data entry Keyboards use the
Qwerty typing layout similar to typewriters Keyboards usually also have a number
keypad to the right which can be used to enter numeric data
b Mouse
c Touch sensitive screen
d Microphone (voice data entry)
e Scanner
In computing an image scannermdashoften abbreviated to
just scannermdashis a device that optically scans images printed
text handwriting or an object and converts it to a digital
image Common examples found in offices are variations of
the desktop (or flatbed) scanner where the document is placed
on a glass window for scanning
f Smart Cards
A smart card chip card or integrated
circuit card (ICC) is any pocket-sized
card with embedded integrated circuits
A smart card or microprocessor cards
contain volatile memory and
microprocessor components The card
is made of plastic
Keyboard demonstration notes Write at least one keyboard shortcut
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
10
g Sensors eg alarms climate control
A sensor also called detector is a device that
measures a physical quantity and converts it into
a signal which can be read by an observer or by
an instrument Sensors are used in everyday
objects such as touch-sensitive elevator buttons
(tactile sensor) and lamps which dim or brighten
by touching the base There are also innumerable
applications for sensors of which most people are never aware Applications include cars
machines aerospace medicine manufacturing and robotics A sensor is a device which
receives and responds to a signal
Sensors are used in alarms and in climate control to detect changes and computers can
react according to the changes appropriately for eg Fire alarm burglar alarm air
conditioning and a refrigerator
115 Evaluate the use of various output devices with reference to specific
applications eg
a Printers (impact and non-impact)
An impact printer forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper by striking a
mechanism against an ink ribbon that physically contacts the paper Impact printers are
noisy and they do not print very good quality work Impact printers use a print head
containing a number of metal pins which strike an inked ribbon placed between the print
head and the paper
Nonimpact printers form characters and graphics on a piece of paper without actually
striking the paper Some of these printers use heat and pressure to create images and
some spray ink Nonimpact printers are much quieter than impact printers because they do
not strike the paper Three types of nonimpact printers that are used most often are ink-jet
printers laser printers and thermal printers The term nonimpact is important primarily in
that it distinguishes quiet printers from noisy (impact) printers
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
11
Impact Printers Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages
1 Multiple copying depth- more than one page can be printed at the same time
2 No toner cartridge therefore cleaner
Disadvantage
1 They make so much noise that nobody wants them near
2 If tractor driven the perforated edge is a hassle
3 Separating the sheet forms
4 No printing on back
5 No collating
b Plotters
A plotter is a device that draws pictures on paper based on commands from a computer
Plotters differ from printers in that they draw lines using a pen they work by moving
a pen across the surface of a piece of paper As a result they can produce continuous
lines Which means that plotters are restricted to line art whereas other printers can
only simulate lines by printing a closely spaced series of dots Multicolour plotters use
different-coloured pens to draw different colons
They are often slow because of the mechanical movement of the pens and incapable of
efficiently creating a solid region of colour In general plotters are considerably more
expensive than printers They are used in engineering applications where precision is
mandatory
c Monitors
A monitor or display (visual display unit) is an electronic visual display for computers
The monitor comprises the display device circuitry and an enclosure The display
device in modern monitors is typically a thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-
LCD) thin panel while older monitors use a cathode ray tube about as deep as the
screen size
Originally computer monitors were used for data processing while television receivers
were used for entertainment From the 1980s onwards computers (and their monitors)
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
12
have been used for both data processing and entertainment while televisions have
implemented some computer functionality
d Disks (magnetic optical and memory cards)
The normal method of storing programs and information on a computer is on a magnetic
disk or optical disk Later we will discuss the most common types of storage in SLO
118
Magnetic Disk
The data in this device is stored on a magnetic tape in the same way as an audio tape
ie sequentially In order to retrieve data from the tape it is necessary to go to the exact
point on the tape where the piece of data is stored The technology associated with tape
storage has developed and write speeds up to 15 Mbps However read speed is greatly
affected by the time taken to find the required data Therefore this type of storage
device is usually only used for archival storage
Optical Disk
Normally referred to as CDs and consist of an optical surface on to which the data is
burned using a laser beam The data is read from the disc using a laser The DVD is a
variation of the CD Discs are now available that may be reused and these are referred
to as rewritable RW discs CDs normally hold about 650 MB
Memory Cards
This is a small memory device that is used in a variety of digital equipment such as PDAs
digital cameras laptops and USBs etc It is simply an amount of RAM which may be
plugged in and out of the unit it is used in These devices are also referred to as flash
cards or memory sticks Readwrite speed is usually less than 20 Mbps
e Speakers
Computer speakers or multimedia speakers are
speakers external to a computer which disable the
lower fidelity built-in speaker and omit sound They
often have a low-power internal amplifier Computer
speakers range widely in quality and in price The
computer speakers typically packaged with computer
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
13
systems are small plastic and have mediocre sound quality Some computer speakers
have equalization features such as bass and treble controls Speakers can come in a va
rity of different formats ndash buzzers bells and speakers
116 Identify the specifications of a range of office and business equipment
eg fax telephone photocopier
Fax (short for facsimile) sometimes called telecopying
is the telephonic transmission of scanned printed material
(both text and images) normally to a telephone number
connected to a printer or other output device The original
document is scanned with a fax machine which
processes the contents as a single fixed graphic image
converting it into a bitmap The information is then transmitted as electrical signals
through the telephone system The receiving fax machine reconverts the coded image
printing a paper copy
Telephone
The telephone is a telecommunications device that transmits and receives sound most
commonly the human voice Telephones are a point-to-point communication system
whose most basic function is to allow two people separated by large distances to talk to
each other It is one of the most common appliances in the developed world and has
long been considered indispensable to businesses households and governments The
word telephone has been adapted to many languages and is widely recognized around
the world
All telephones have a microphone to speak into an earphone which reproduces the
voice of the other person a ringer which makes a sound to alert the owner when a call is
coming in and a keypad
Photocopier
A photocopier is a machine that makes paper copies of documents and other visual
images quickly and cheaply Most current photocopiers use a technology called
xerography a dry process using heat
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
14
117 Distinguish between the various types of printers and plotters and outline
their advantages and disadvantages
Introduction to Printers
Deciding what kind of printer you want to purchase -- inkjet laser or multifunction -- can
be frustrating and confusing There are so many types and brands of printers to choose
from at all prices and just like computers new models seem to be introduced on a
monthly basis How can the average consumer make an informed choice
In order to make sense of it all we offer the following tips
What do you need the printer to do
This is probably the most important question to answer If you just need to occasionally
print out documents such as letters copies of Web pages from the Internet or simple
spreadsheets a low-end inkjet or laser printer is fine If you need to do presentations or
high quality photographs you want a photo printer If you print over 100 pages on a daily
basis and dont need color you may want to look at the faster laser printers And of
course if you are starting a home business and you need a combination of scanner
printer copier and fax machine a multifunction printer is best
Factors to Consider
Other important factors to be considered before purchasing a printer are
1 Resolution - the number of dots a printer prints in a square inch (over 1440 dpi is
good) Choose a higher end model with a higher resolution if you will be printing lots
of presentation-quality text graphics and photos
2 Operating Cost - Calculate the cost of replacement ink cartridges and paper
because printer users must continually purchase more ink cartridges and toner when
the old ones run out or dry up Be aware that the cost of paper toner and ink can
amount to more than the original cost of the printer within a year or so
3 Speed - the volume of printout (pages per minute) is essential if you are printing large
numbers of documents in black and white
4 Size of the printout - will you be printing on oversized or non-standard paper heavy
card stock blueprints transparencies etc Then choose a printer whose paper path
is no sharper than 90 degrees to allow printing on various types of media without
jamming
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
15
5 Photo Quality - Specialty color printers that have photo lab quality are essential if
you are looking for a printer that can print high-resolution images on photo paper
6 Digital camera cards and Memory Sticks - does the printer need to have built-in
slots for these de vices
7 Network enabled - will you be connecting the new printer to a home or office
network
8 Image processing - Processing images takes a lot of power so printers often have
as much computing horsepower and memory as a PC Some printers form the
complete image in memory prior to printing it which allows them to handle large files
quickly
9 Ease of use - how easy is the printer setup process
10 Compatibility - The newer printers are all USB-compatible which means they will
work for Windows 982000XP and with Mac System 81 or higher
11 Warranty - be sure to purchase a printer that includes a manufacturers andor store
warranty (at least 90 days)
The four main different types of printers are
Ink-jet Printers
Laser Printers
Dot-Matrix Printers
Multifunctional
Normally home computer users will use ink-jets as they are relatively cheap but superior
in quality to dot-matrix Laser jets and other printers created by new technology are
more expensive and more commonly found in the offices
Dot Matrix
Impact (Dot-matrix) printers use a set of closely
spaced pins and a ribbon to print letters or other
characters on a page These printers actually impact
the page to print a character much like a typewriter
Dot-matrix printers vary in terms of speed and the
number of pins they have They can run at a speed
anywhere between 50 and 500 CPS (Characters Per Second) The number of pins which
can vary between 9 to 24 determines the quality of the print job Dot matrix printers are
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
16
commonly used for printing invoices purchase orders shipping forms labels and other
multi-part forms Dot matrix printers can print through multi-part forms in a single pass
allowing them to produce more pages than even high-speed laser printers
Inkjet
Ink-jets(bubble-jets) printers spray ionized tiny drops of ink onto a
page to create an image This is achieved by using magnetized
plates which direct the inks path onto the paper in the desired
pattern Almost all ink-jets offer a color option as standard in varying
degrees of resolution Ink-jet printers are capable of producing high quality print which
almost matches the quality of a laser printer A standard ink-jet printer has a resolution of
300 dots per inch although newer models have improved on that As a rule color link-jet
printers can also be used as a regular black and white printer
When a Color Inkjet Printer is the Best Choice
Ink jets are a good choice if you are looking for high quality color photo output for a
reasonable price Prices start at around euro150
First youll need to decide on the type of machine you want a standard ink jet for
reasonable photos and a low purchase price or a photo ink jet for superior photo quality
All of the top models offer 4800-by-1200-dpi resolution but they vary quite a bit in terms
of printing speed
Choose an inkjet printer based on the cost of replacement ink cartridges and not on the
cost of the printer Over time ink and paper costs can exceed the cost of the printer
several times over Avoid single-cartridge printers which only come with a color cartridge
that cant print true color It is more cost effective to purchase a color inkjet with multiple
color cartridges (CMYK) so they can be replaced individually
Another cost saving tip Leaving any inkjet idle for even a week or two can allow the ink in
the tiny tubes that feed the nozzles to dry The resulting clogs cause streaks and other
anomalies in your pictures To avoid clogs print at least once a week Some printers run
a maintenance routine on startup meaning that you can keep the nozzles clear simply by
turning your printer on and off once a week Check your devices manual to see whether it
has this feature
LaserJet
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
17
Laser printers operate by shining a laser beam to produce an image on a
drum The drum is then rolled through a pool or reservoir or toner and the
electrically charged portions of the drum pick up ink Finally using a
combination of heat and pressure the ink on the drum is transferred onto the
page Laser printers print very fast and the supply cartridges work a long time Color laser
printers use the same toner-based printing process as black and white ( BW) laser
printers except that they combine four different toner colors Color laser printers can also
be used as a regular black and white laser printer
When to Choose a Laser Printer
If you do a lot of document printing dont use an inkjet printer Use a laser printer Laser
printers cost more to buy but much less to use - they are very cost effective to operate
since their toner cartridges are not replaced as often
With all costs figured in each document page printed on a typical laser printer costs from
2 cents to 5 cents on an inkjet the cost per page can run from 10 cents to 15 cents
depending on the model (This does not even count the cost of photo printing which can
cost up to a eurp per page on an inkjet when you include the high cost of photo paper and
the additional ink thats used in that mode)
Plotters
Plotters are large-scale printers that are very accurate at reproducing line drawings They
are commonly used for technical drawings such as engineering drawings or architectural
blueprints The two basic types of plotters are called flatbed plotters and drum plotters
Flatbed plotters are horizontally aligned with a flat surface to which a piece of paper is
attached The paper remains stationary and the printer moves pens across the paper to
draw the image Drum plotters also called upright plotters are vertically positioned They
have a drum that the paper rolls on Drum plotters
usually make more noise and are more compact than
flatbed plotters
Digital Photo printers
Many middle range printers
are now able to print photo
quality images Usually an
option with color printers specialist photo print
heads allow a greater resolution to be achieved to
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
18
improve photo image quality Photo ink jet printers expand their gamuts by
adding additional ink colors usually light cyan and light magenta
Network printer is a printer that provides output capabilities to
all network users
Multifunction printers combine top-quality color
ink-jet or laser printing with plain-paper and PC faxing color copying and
color scanning telephoning- all in one convenient space-saving machine
If you work from home or have a small office a multifunctional device may be ideal
Name 10 of the factors you should consider when deciding on which printer
you would buy
1) ___________________________
2) ___________________________
3) ___________________________
4) ___________________________
5) ___________________________
6) ___________________________
7) ___________________________
8) ___________________________
9) ___________________________
10) __________________________
What is the difference between a Laser Printer and an Inkjet Printer
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
19
118 Identify the various backing store devices and their associated media and
outline their advantages and disadvantages eg
Floppy Disk
Hard Disk
Optical Disk
Magnetic Tape
Memory CardStick
Magnetic Disks
119 Describe the main parts of a small network eg gateway router hub
server etc
Distinguish between a LAN and a WAN
A computer network is a number of computers linked together to allow them to share
resources Networked computers can share hardware (such as a printer) software
and data
There are two types of network
LAN - Local Area Network
WAN - Wide Area Network
Local Area Network (LAN)
A LAN is a Local Area Network covering a small area such as one building eg in a
school or a college Within a LAN computers and other hardware devices are
connected to the file server This allows the computers to share resources
Wide Area Network (WAN)
A WAN is a Wide Area Network covering a large geographical area
Within a WAN many terminals are connected to the
host computers This allows networks to be cover a
large geographical area
1 The Internet is a WAN
2 A network of bank cash dispensers is a WAN
3 A school network is a LAN
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
20
LANs are often connected to WANs for example a school network could be
connected to the Internet
Identify the components necessary to connect a computer to an Internet
Provider
To connect a computer to the internet you need
1 A computer
2 A telephone line
3 A modem
4 An account with an ISP (Internet Service Provider)
5 Browser software ndash a program which lets you connect to the internet eg
Internet Explorer or Firefox
1110 Distinguish between systems and applications software
See presentation notes
1111 Describe the major functions carried out by an operating system eg
a Providing the user interface
b Scheduling resources amongst users
c Reporting errors to the user
d File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
e Controlling operations of peripheral devices
f Running required software
g Memory management
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
21
File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
Explain the terms file folderdirectory drive
A file is usually a document created in Excel Word or any other program which we have saved onto our computer For example you may have created a file which is a memo about a meeting A folder is usually some where we have saved a file or lots of files It is important to save files in folders related to the content of the file A drive is where the actual location of the stored files and folders are Think of this as the filing cabinet the lsquoMy Documentsrsquo folder is usually saved on the C Drive of a computer
Memo To J Vincent From S Sanghera Re Meeting Please bring your notes with you
Safety Meetings Folder
File
Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
22
Explain what it means to format a disk
Formatting a disk means permanently deleting all the information on the disk or USB and making it blank To format a floppy disk or a USB go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the disk or drive and select lsquoFormatrsquo When you click on lsquoFormatrsquo you will be asked if you are sure you want to lsquoFormatrsquo if you select lsquoOKrsquo the computer will format the disk for you
Note Do not format a disk or drive unless you are sure you want to permanently delete all the information on it
The E Drive is where I have saved my work (USB memory)
These are folders in the E drive
These are files in the folder Year 7 which is saved on the E Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
23
Explain storage capacity
The storage capacity of a memory device is how much information it can hold To find the storage capacity of any drive which is part of your computer or attached to your computer go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the drive or device and go to lsquoPropertiesrsquo
From the lsquoPropertiesrsquo window you will see the overall capacity (size) of the drive and the lsquoUsedrsquo and lsquoFreersquo space available on that drive
Memory Size
Computer memory and disk space is measured by the number of bytes or characters
it is capable of holding Since these numbers are very large the terms kilobyte (KB)
megabyte (MB) and gigabyte (GB) are used
1KB = approximately 1000 bytes (1024 exactly)
1MB = approximately 1000000 bytes (1048576 exactly)
1GB = approximately 1000000000 bytes (1073741824 exactly)
Recognise the ability of computers to communicate with one another
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
24
Computers communicate
with each other via a
network or the internet The
Internet or is a global
network connecting millions
of computers In order for a
computer to connect to
another computer on the
internet the computer must
first have a modem
The modem converts the signals from digital to analogue and sends or receives the
information through the broadband or phone line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
25
Outline the main points of the Data Protection Act
Data protection is about your fundamental right to privacy You can access and
correct data about yourself Those who keep data about you have to comply with data
protection principles
What is data protection
When you give your personal details to an organisation or individual they have a duty to keep these details private and safe This process is known as data protection We refer to organisations or individuals who control the contents and use of your personal details as lsquodata controllersrsquo
Most of us give information about ourselves to groups such as Government bodies banks insurance companies medical professionals and telephone companies to use their services or meet certain conditions Organisations or individuals can also get information about us from other sources Under data protection law you have rights regarding the use of these personal details and data controllers have certain responsibilities in how they handle this information
What are my rights
You have a range of rights when a person or organisation takes and records your personal details Please read this section carefully to make sure that you are aware of your rights
1 Right to have your details used in line with data protection regulations 2 Right to information about your personal details 3 Right to access your personal details 4 Right to know if your personal details are being held 5 Right to change or remove your details 6 Right to prevent use of your personal details 7 Right to remove your details from a direct marketing list 8 Right to object 9 Right to freedom from automated decision making 10 Right to refuse direct marketing calls or mail
Reference wwwirishstatutebookie1988
Reference wwwbbccoukbitesize
Connect with power supply following appropriate safety procedures
Switch on and boot up computer using procedures appropriate to the system
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
26
Turn on the computer at the power button
Ensure your monitor is switched on
Shut down the system using appropriate procedures
Go to Start gt Turn Off Computer gt Turn Off
When the computer is off turn off the power at the plug
Operate computer with due attention to safety procedures
Donrsquot slouch
Keep your back at around a 90 degree angle
Keep your feet on the ground
Take regular breaks
Sit facing the monitor in a straight line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
1 Monaghan Institute
Unit 1 ndash Computer Introduction
Specific Learning Objectives Page
111 Define the terms hardware and software
112 Evaluate the main components of a computer processing system
ie input output processing and backing store
113 Distinguish between the various types of computer
Mainframe
Mini
Micro (desktop notebook palmtop)
114 Evaluate the use of various input devices with reference to specific
application eg
Keyboard
Mouse
Touch sensitive screen
Microphone (voice data entry)
Scanner
Smart Cards
Sensors eg alarms climate control
115 Evaluate the use of various output devices with reference to specific
applications eg
Printers (impact and non-impact)
Plotters
Monitors
Disks (magnetic and optical)
Speakers
116 Identify the specifications of a range of office and business
equipment eg fax telephone photocopier
117 Distinguish between the various types of printers and plotters and
outline their advantages and disadvantages
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
2 Monaghan Institute
118 Identify the various backing store devices and their associated
media and outline their advantages and disadvantages eg
Floppy Disk
Hard Disk
Optical Disk
Magnetic Tape
Memory CardStick
Magnetic Disks
119 Describe the main parts of a small network eg gateway router
hub server etc
1110 Distinguish between systems and applications software
1111 Describe the major functions carried out by an operating system eg
Providing the user interface
Scheduling resources amongst users
Reporting errors to the user
File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
Controlling operations of peripheral devices
Running required software
Memory management
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
3 Monaghan Institute
Definition ndash What is a computer
The simplest definition of a computer is lsquoA computer is a machine for processing datarsquo or lsquoA
computer is a general-purpose machine that processes data according to a set of
instructions that are stored internally either temporarily or permanentlyrsquo
111 Define the terms hardware and software
Hardware is the general term used to describe all the electronic and mechanical elements
of the computer Hardware is basically something that has size and shape and can be seen
and touched For example computer screen printer disk drive mouse cables etc
Software is the general term used to describe the various programs used on a computer
Software is something that has no size and it cannot be touched but a computer cannot do
anything without software Software is generally supported on a CD Software is
continually being updated and developed Updates can be introduced to correct faults and
add new improvements to software Software can be broken down into
Systems Software ndash operating system to control the computers operation For
example Windows 7 Windows XP or Vista An operating system turns an
assortment of electronic parts into a compu ter that we can use to do things It acts
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
4 Monaghan Institute
as an interface between the different hardware devices and the user When the
computer boots up it is the operating system that we see first
Applications Software ndash software which is used to perform specific tasks For
example Word Excel Access and Internet Explorer
112 Evaluate the main components of a computer processing system
ie input output processing and backing store
A computer component is a computer part or hardware These can be divided into two
groups the components inside the tower and the components we can see
Main Components of a Computer Processing System ndash Inside the Tower
a Hard Drive
b CPU Central Processing Unit
c Motherboard
d PSU Power Supply Unit
e RAM Random Access Memory
f Modem
g Video Card
h Network Card
1) Hard Drive
Like the filing cabinet inside your computer This stores all of your
programs and files its size is measured in GB (the more GB the
more you can store) The average size today is upward of
120GB
2) CPU Central Processing Unit
The CPU stands Central Processing Unit - the brain of the computer
This is one of the smallest yet most expensive parts of a PC When
people talk about the speed of a computer they are talking about the
speed of the CPU The CPU interprets the instructions you give the
computer and then carries out the task The speed of a CPU is measured in Mhz and Ghz
(the more Mhz the faster the PC) and the bigger your CPU the faster a computer can work
Manufactures include Intel AMD and IBM
3) Motherboard
This is the main board on the computer All the components slot in or
connect to the motherboard it is a very complicated and intricate
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
5
4) PSU Power Supply Unit
This is where the mains power plugs into the computer It is located at the back of the
computer next to the fan which keeps it cool The PSU has lots of cables connected to it
which can plug into the components on the PC including the CD ROM Hard Drive Fan and
Motherboard
5) RAM Random Access Memory
RAM - stands for Random Access Memory This is a temporary type of
memory used while you are working on your computer (where your work is
saved before you actually save it) It is the memory a computer needs to
run software When you load or run software it goes into RAM If you
type something it also goes into RAM before being saved on the hard disk
When you turn your computer off all the data in RAM is lost The
performance of RAM is measured in MB the more MB of RAM a PC has
the better it can cope with big tasks like having lots of applications open at once if you have
a small amount of RAM the PC will crash and become very slow RAM can be easily added
to a computer to improve its performance
6) Modem
This is what is used to connect a computer to the internet it connects though a phone line
The performance of a modem is measured in KB The speed of modems is limited by
phone lines (that is why we now have broadband)
7) Video Card
A video card sends the picture signals from the
motherboard to the monitor The video card is
inserted into the mother board like the RAM It
interprets what needs to be displayed and passes
the message on to the monitor You can get
powerful 3D cards for games some video cards are
so fast they have to have their own fans
Performance of video cards is measured in MB (the
more lsquoMBrsquo the faster the picture appears) Average
size today is about 64mb
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
6
8) Network Card
Network cards (network interface controller) are used to
connect computers to a computer network all the computers
in the college have a network card so they can talk to each
other The speed of a network card is measured in MB per
second
From MEMORY ndash name 8 of the main components which are found inside the
tower of a computer and state briefly what they do
1) ____________________ ________________________________________________
2) ____________________ ________________________________________________
3) ____________________ ________________________________________________
4) ____________________ ________________________________________________
5) ____________________ ________________________________________________
6) ____________________ ________________________________________________
7) ____________________ ________________________________________________
8) ____________________ ________________________________________________
NOTES
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
7
Main Components of a Computer Processing System ndash We can See
Input and Output
a Input Devices
Any device that is used to enter data into a computer system is called an input device
the following are 9 different types of input device match the numbers with the images
1 Keyboard
2 Mouse
3 Graphics Tablet
4 Microphone
5 Digital Camera
6 Scanner
7 TouchPad
8 TrackerBall
9 Joystick
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
7
b Output Devices
An output device is any device that is used to present data in a usable form from a
computer system is called an OUTPUT device The output may be permanent (on paper) or
may be temporary (on screen) There are many different types of OUTPUT device each
one designed to provide an efficient way of retrieving the DATA
Match the following descriptions with the name of the output device
a) Laser Printer
b) Data Projector
c) Headphones
d) Speakers
e) Inkjet Printer
f) Monitor VDU
Visual Display Unit ndash used for displaying the picture outputted from the graphics
card
Used to output noise from the computer also consider buzzers and alarms eg
burglar alarm
This printer has a print head which fires small jets of ink at the paper Head
consists of a line of jets similar to the dot matrix 600 dpi (data pixels per inch) 3
colours are magenta cyan and yellow
This printer works like a photocopier A laser beam scans the document and
then the toner is fused to the paper to form an image
Uses light bulbs to project an image which is sent from the computer to the wall
of the classroom
Just like speakers but the noise does not distract others in the same room
113 Distinguish between the various types of computer
a Mainframe
Mainframe computers are used by very large corporations and have large computing
power and storage space Modern mainframes tend to be about the size of a large
storage cabinet These computers would be stored in a special room with a large
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
8
number of terminals connected to them These computers are very powerful and
process data very quickly Main frames are very expensive and are therefore only used
by large corporations
b Mini
Mini computers have a similar arrangement to mainframe computers but are smaller ndash
typically the size of a small filing cabinet These would be used in situations where the
large power and storage of a mainframe was not required This type of computer is not
nearly as expensive as a mainframe but still retains a lot of the mainframe features
Mini computers are typically found in sizable companies
c Micro (desktop notebook palmtop)
Micro computers are by far the most common type of computer They are commonly
referred to as a PC (Personal Computer) The modern micro computer is as powerful as
a mainframe was a number of years ago they are relatively cheap and have a vast
number of programs available for them They are fast and have large storage and are
used in a wide variety of businesses there is a PC in most homes today
Dumb Terminals
Mainframe Computer
NOTES
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
9
114 Evaluate the use of various input devices with reference to specific
application eg
a Keyboard
Keyboards are one of the two basic components used for data entry Keyboards use the
Qwerty typing layout similar to typewriters Keyboards usually also have a number
keypad to the right which can be used to enter numeric data
b Mouse
c Touch sensitive screen
d Microphone (voice data entry)
e Scanner
In computing an image scannermdashoften abbreviated to
just scannermdashis a device that optically scans images printed
text handwriting or an object and converts it to a digital
image Common examples found in offices are variations of
the desktop (or flatbed) scanner where the document is placed
on a glass window for scanning
f Smart Cards
A smart card chip card or integrated
circuit card (ICC) is any pocket-sized
card with embedded integrated circuits
A smart card or microprocessor cards
contain volatile memory and
microprocessor components The card
is made of plastic
Keyboard demonstration notes Write at least one keyboard shortcut
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
10
g Sensors eg alarms climate control
A sensor also called detector is a device that
measures a physical quantity and converts it into
a signal which can be read by an observer or by
an instrument Sensors are used in everyday
objects such as touch-sensitive elevator buttons
(tactile sensor) and lamps which dim or brighten
by touching the base There are also innumerable
applications for sensors of which most people are never aware Applications include cars
machines aerospace medicine manufacturing and robotics A sensor is a device which
receives and responds to a signal
Sensors are used in alarms and in climate control to detect changes and computers can
react according to the changes appropriately for eg Fire alarm burglar alarm air
conditioning and a refrigerator
115 Evaluate the use of various output devices with reference to specific
applications eg
a Printers (impact and non-impact)
An impact printer forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper by striking a
mechanism against an ink ribbon that physically contacts the paper Impact printers are
noisy and they do not print very good quality work Impact printers use a print head
containing a number of metal pins which strike an inked ribbon placed between the print
head and the paper
Nonimpact printers form characters and graphics on a piece of paper without actually
striking the paper Some of these printers use heat and pressure to create images and
some spray ink Nonimpact printers are much quieter than impact printers because they do
not strike the paper Three types of nonimpact printers that are used most often are ink-jet
printers laser printers and thermal printers The term nonimpact is important primarily in
that it distinguishes quiet printers from noisy (impact) printers
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
11
Impact Printers Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages
1 Multiple copying depth- more than one page can be printed at the same time
2 No toner cartridge therefore cleaner
Disadvantage
1 They make so much noise that nobody wants them near
2 If tractor driven the perforated edge is a hassle
3 Separating the sheet forms
4 No printing on back
5 No collating
b Plotters
A plotter is a device that draws pictures on paper based on commands from a computer
Plotters differ from printers in that they draw lines using a pen they work by moving
a pen across the surface of a piece of paper As a result they can produce continuous
lines Which means that plotters are restricted to line art whereas other printers can
only simulate lines by printing a closely spaced series of dots Multicolour plotters use
different-coloured pens to draw different colons
They are often slow because of the mechanical movement of the pens and incapable of
efficiently creating a solid region of colour In general plotters are considerably more
expensive than printers They are used in engineering applications where precision is
mandatory
c Monitors
A monitor or display (visual display unit) is an electronic visual display for computers
The monitor comprises the display device circuitry and an enclosure The display
device in modern monitors is typically a thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-
LCD) thin panel while older monitors use a cathode ray tube about as deep as the
screen size
Originally computer monitors were used for data processing while television receivers
were used for entertainment From the 1980s onwards computers (and their monitors)
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
12
have been used for both data processing and entertainment while televisions have
implemented some computer functionality
d Disks (magnetic optical and memory cards)
The normal method of storing programs and information on a computer is on a magnetic
disk or optical disk Later we will discuss the most common types of storage in SLO
118
Magnetic Disk
The data in this device is stored on a magnetic tape in the same way as an audio tape
ie sequentially In order to retrieve data from the tape it is necessary to go to the exact
point on the tape where the piece of data is stored The technology associated with tape
storage has developed and write speeds up to 15 Mbps However read speed is greatly
affected by the time taken to find the required data Therefore this type of storage
device is usually only used for archival storage
Optical Disk
Normally referred to as CDs and consist of an optical surface on to which the data is
burned using a laser beam The data is read from the disc using a laser The DVD is a
variation of the CD Discs are now available that may be reused and these are referred
to as rewritable RW discs CDs normally hold about 650 MB
Memory Cards
This is a small memory device that is used in a variety of digital equipment such as PDAs
digital cameras laptops and USBs etc It is simply an amount of RAM which may be
plugged in and out of the unit it is used in These devices are also referred to as flash
cards or memory sticks Readwrite speed is usually less than 20 Mbps
e Speakers
Computer speakers or multimedia speakers are
speakers external to a computer which disable the
lower fidelity built-in speaker and omit sound They
often have a low-power internal amplifier Computer
speakers range widely in quality and in price The
computer speakers typically packaged with computer
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
13
systems are small plastic and have mediocre sound quality Some computer speakers
have equalization features such as bass and treble controls Speakers can come in a va
rity of different formats ndash buzzers bells and speakers
116 Identify the specifications of a range of office and business equipment
eg fax telephone photocopier
Fax (short for facsimile) sometimes called telecopying
is the telephonic transmission of scanned printed material
(both text and images) normally to a telephone number
connected to a printer or other output device The original
document is scanned with a fax machine which
processes the contents as a single fixed graphic image
converting it into a bitmap The information is then transmitted as electrical signals
through the telephone system The receiving fax machine reconverts the coded image
printing a paper copy
Telephone
The telephone is a telecommunications device that transmits and receives sound most
commonly the human voice Telephones are a point-to-point communication system
whose most basic function is to allow two people separated by large distances to talk to
each other It is one of the most common appliances in the developed world and has
long been considered indispensable to businesses households and governments The
word telephone has been adapted to many languages and is widely recognized around
the world
All telephones have a microphone to speak into an earphone which reproduces the
voice of the other person a ringer which makes a sound to alert the owner when a call is
coming in and a keypad
Photocopier
A photocopier is a machine that makes paper copies of documents and other visual
images quickly and cheaply Most current photocopiers use a technology called
xerography a dry process using heat
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
14
117 Distinguish between the various types of printers and plotters and outline
their advantages and disadvantages
Introduction to Printers
Deciding what kind of printer you want to purchase -- inkjet laser or multifunction -- can
be frustrating and confusing There are so many types and brands of printers to choose
from at all prices and just like computers new models seem to be introduced on a
monthly basis How can the average consumer make an informed choice
In order to make sense of it all we offer the following tips
What do you need the printer to do
This is probably the most important question to answer If you just need to occasionally
print out documents such as letters copies of Web pages from the Internet or simple
spreadsheets a low-end inkjet or laser printer is fine If you need to do presentations or
high quality photographs you want a photo printer If you print over 100 pages on a daily
basis and dont need color you may want to look at the faster laser printers And of
course if you are starting a home business and you need a combination of scanner
printer copier and fax machine a multifunction printer is best
Factors to Consider
Other important factors to be considered before purchasing a printer are
1 Resolution - the number of dots a printer prints in a square inch (over 1440 dpi is
good) Choose a higher end model with a higher resolution if you will be printing lots
of presentation-quality text graphics and photos
2 Operating Cost - Calculate the cost of replacement ink cartridges and paper
because printer users must continually purchase more ink cartridges and toner when
the old ones run out or dry up Be aware that the cost of paper toner and ink can
amount to more than the original cost of the printer within a year or so
3 Speed - the volume of printout (pages per minute) is essential if you are printing large
numbers of documents in black and white
4 Size of the printout - will you be printing on oversized or non-standard paper heavy
card stock blueprints transparencies etc Then choose a printer whose paper path
is no sharper than 90 degrees to allow printing on various types of media without
jamming
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
15
5 Photo Quality - Specialty color printers that have photo lab quality are essential if
you are looking for a printer that can print high-resolution images on photo paper
6 Digital camera cards and Memory Sticks - does the printer need to have built-in
slots for these de vices
7 Network enabled - will you be connecting the new printer to a home or office
network
8 Image processing - Processing images takes a lot of power so printers often have
as much computing horsepower and memory as a PC Some printers form the
complete image in memory prior to printing it which allows them to handle large files
quickly
9 Ease of use - how easy is the printer setup process
10 Compatibility - The newer printers are all USB-compatible which means they will
work for Windows 982000XP and with Mac System 81 or higher
11 Warranty - be sure to purchase a printer that includes a manufacturers andor store
warranty (at least 90 days)
The four main different types of printers are
Ink-jet Printers
Laser Printers
Dot-Matrix Printers
Multifunctional
Normally home computer users will use ink-jets as they are relatively cheap but superior
in quality to dot-matrix Laser jets and other printers created by new technology are
more expensive and more commonly found in the offices
Dot Matrix
Impact (Dot-matrix) printers use a set of closely
spaced pins and a ribbon to print letters or other
characters on a page These printers actually impact
the page to print a character much like a typewriter
Dot-matrix printers vary in terms of speed and the
number of pins they have They can run at a speed
anywhere between 50 and 500 CPS (Characters Per Second) The number of pins which
can vary between 9 to 24 determines the quality of the print job Dot matrix printers are
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
16
commonly used for printing invoices purchase orders shipping forms labels and other
multi-part forms Dot matrix printers can print through multi-part forms in a single pass
allowing them to produce more pages than even high-speed laser printers
Inkjet
Ink-jets(bubble-jets) printers spray ionized tiny drops of ink onto a
page to create an image This is achieved by using magnetized
plates which direct the inks path onto the paper in the desired
pattern Almost all ink-jets offer a color option as standard in varying
degrees of resolution Ink-jet printers are capable of producing high quality print which
almost matches the quality of a laser printer A standard ink-jet printer has a resolution of
300 dots per inch although newer models have improved on that As a rule color link-jet
printers can also be used as a regular black and white printer
When a Color Inkjet Printer is the Best Choice
Ink jets are a good choice if you are looking for high quality color photo output for a
reasonable price Prices start at around euro150
First youll need to decide on the type of machine you want a standard ink jet for
reasonable photos and a low purchase price or a photo ink jet for superior photo quality
All of the top models offer 4800-by-1200-dpi resolution but they vary quite a bit in terms
of printing speed
Choose an inkjet printer based on the cost of replacement ink cartridges and not on the
cost of the printer Over time ink and paper costs can exceed the cost of the printer
several times over Avoid single-cartridge printers which only come with a color cartridge
that cant print true color It is more cost effective to purchase a color inkjet with multiple
color cartridges (CMYK) so they can be replaced individually
Another cost saving tip Leaving any inkjet idle for even a week or two can allow the ink in
the tiny tubes that feed the nozzles to dry The resulting clogs cause streaks and other
anomalies in your pictures To avoid clogs print at least once a week Some printers run
a maintenance routine on startup meaning that you can keep the nozzles clear simply by
turning your printer on and off once a week Check your devices manual to see whether it
has this feature
LaserJet
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
17
Laser printers operate by shining a laser beam to produce an image on a
drum The drum is then rolled through a pool or reservoir or toner and the
electrically charged portions of the drum pick up ink Finally using a
combination of heat and pressure the ink on the drum is transferred onto the
page Laser printers print very fast and the supply cartridges work a long time Color laser
printers use the same toner-based printing process as black and white ( BW) laser
printers except that they combine four different toner colors Color laser printers can also
be used as a regular black and white laser printer
When to Choose a Laser Printer
If you do a lot of document printing dont use an inkjet printer Use a laser printer Laser
printers cost more to buy but much less to use - they are very cost effective to operate
since their toner cartridges are not replaced as often
With all costs figured in each document page printed on a typical laser printer costs from
2 cents to 5 cents on an inkjet the cost per page can run from 10 cents to 15 cents
depending on the model (This does not even count the cost of photo printing which can
cost up to a eurp per page on an inkjet when you include the high cost of photo paper and
the additional ink thats used in that mode)
Plotters
Plotters are large-scale printers that are very accurate at reproducing line drawings They
are commonly used for technical drawings such as engineering drawings or architectural
blueprints The two basic types of plotters are called flatbed plotters and drum plotters
Flatbed plotters are horizontally aligned with a flat surface to which a piece of paper is
attached The paper remains stationary and the printer moves pens across the paper to
draw the image Drum plotters also called upright plotters are vertically positioned They
have a drum that the paper rolls on Drum plotters
usually make more noise and are more compact than
flatbed plotters
Digital Photo printers
Many middle range printers
are now able to print photo
quality images Usually an
option with color printers specialist photo print
heads allow a greater resolution to be achieved to
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
18
improve photo image quality Photo ink jet printers expand their gamuts by
adding additional ink colors usually light cyan and light magenta
Network printer is a printer that provides output capabilities to
all network users
Multifunction printers combine top-quality color
ink-jet or laser printing with plain-paper and PC faxing color copying and
color scanning telephoning- all in one convenient space-saving machine
If you work from home or have a small office a multifunctional device may be ideal
Name 10 of the factors you should consider when deciding on which printer
you would buy
1) ___________________________
2) ___________________________
3) ___________________________
4) ___________________________
5) ___________________________
6) ___________________________
7) ___________________________
8) ___________________________
9) ___________________________
10) __________________________
What is the difference between a Laser Printer and an Inkjet Printer
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
19
118 Identify the various backing store devices and their associated media and
outline their advantages and disadvantages eg
Floppy Disk
Hard Disk
Optical Disk
Magnetic Tape
Memory CardStick
Magnetic Disks
119 Describe the main parts of a small network eg gateway router hub
server etc
Distinguish between a LAN and a WAN
A computer network is a number of computers linked together to allow them to share
resources Networked computers can share hardware (such as a printer) software
and data
There are two types of network
LAN - Local Area Network
WAN - Wide Area Network
Local Area Network (LAN)
A LAN is a Local Area Network covering a small area such as one building eg in a
school or a college Within a LAN computers and other hardware devices are
connected to the file server This allows the computers to share resources
Wide Area Network (WAN)
A WAN is a Wide Area Network covering a large geographical area
Within a WAN many terminals are connected to the
host computers This allows networks to be cover a
large geographical area
1 The Internet is a WAN
2 A network of bank cash dispensers is a WAN
3 A school network is a LAN
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
20
LANs are often connected to WANs for example a school network could be
connected to the Internet
Identify the components necessary to connect a computer to an Internet
Provider
To connect a computer to the internet you need
1 A computer
2 A telephone line
3 A modem
4 An account with an ISP (Internet Service Provider)
5 Browser software ndash a program which lets you connect to the internet eg
Internet Explorer or Firefox
1110 Distinguish between systems and applications software
See presentation notes
1111 Describe the major functions carried out by an operating system eg
a Providing the user interface
b Scheduling resources amongst users
c Reporting errors to the user
d File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
e Controlling operations of peripheral devices
f Running required software
g Memory management
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
21
File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
Explain the terms file folderdirectory drive
A file is usually a document created in Excel Word or any other program which we have saved onto our computer For example you may have created a file which is a memo about a meeting A folder is usually some where we have saved a file or lots of files It is important to save files in folders related to the content of the file A drive is where the actual location of the stored files and folders are Think of this as the filing cabinet the lsquoMy Documentsrsquo folder is usually saved on the C Drive of a computer
Memo To J Vincent From S Sanghera Re Meeting Please bring your notes with you
Safety Meetings Folder
File
Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
22
Explain what it means to format a disk
Formatting a disk means permanently deleting all the information on the disk or USB and making it blank To format a floppy disk or a USB go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the disk or drive and select lsquoFormatrsquo When you click on lsquoFormatrsquo you will be asked if you are sure you want to lsquoFormatrsquo if you select lsquoOKrsquo the computer will format the disk for you
Note Do not format a disk or drive unless you are sure you want to permanently delete all the information on it
The E Drive is where I have saved my work (USB memory)
These are folders in the E drive
These are files in the folder Year 7 which is saved on the E Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
23
Explain storage capacity
The storage capacity of a memory device is how much information it can hold To find the storage capacity of any drive which is part of your computer or attached to your computer go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the drive or device and go to lsquoPropertiesrsquo
From the lsquoPropertiesrsquo window you will see the overall capacity (size) of the drive and the lsquoUsedrsquo and lsquoFreersquo space available on that drive
Memory Size
Computer memory and disk space is measured by the number of bytes or characters
it is capable of holding Since these numbers are very large the terms kilobyte (KB)
megabyte (MB) and gigabyte (GB) are used
1KB = approximately 1000 bytes (1024 exactly)
1MB = approximately 1000000 bytes (1048576 exactly)
1GB = approximately 1000000000 bytes (1073741824 exactly)
Recognise the ability of computers to communicate with one another
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
24
Computers communicate
with each other via a
network or the internet The
Internet or is a global
network connecting millions
of computers In order for a
computer to connect to
another computer on the
internet the computer must
first have a modem
The modem converts the signals from digital to analogue and sends or receives the
information through the broadband or phone line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
25
Outline the main points of the Data Protection Act
Data protection is about your fundamental right to privacy You can access and
correct data about yourself Those who keep data about you have to comply with data
protection principles
What is data protection
When you give your personal details to an organisation or individual they have a duty to keep these details private and safe This process is known as data protection We refer to organisations or individuals who control the contents and use of your personal details as lsquodata controllersrsquo
Most of us give information about ourselves to groups such as Government bodies banks insurance companies medical professionals and telephone companies to use their services or meet certain conditions Organisations or individuals can also get information about us from other sources Under data protection law you have rights regarding the use of these personal details and data controllers have certain responsibilities in how they handle this information
What are my rights
You have a range of rights when a person or organisation takes and records your personal details Please read this section carefully to make sure that you are aware of your rights
1 Right to have your details used in line with data protection regulations 2 Right to information about your personal details 3 Right to access your personal details 4 Right to know if your personal details are being held 5 Right to change or remove your details 6 Right to prevent use of your personal details 7 Right to remove your details from a direct marketing list 8 Right to object 9 Right to freedom from automated decision making 10 Right to refuse direct marketing calls or mail
Reference wwwirishstatutebookie1988
Reference wwwbbccoukbitesize
Connect with power supply following appropriate safety procedures
Switch on and boot up computer using procedures appropriate to the system
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
26
Turn on the computer at the power button
Ensure your monitor is switched on
Shut down the system using appropriate procedures
Go to Start gt Turn Off Computer gt Turn Off
When the computer is off turn off the power at the plug
Operate computer with due attention to safety procedures
Donrsquot slouch
Keep your back at around a 90 degree angle
Keep your feet on the ground
Take regular breaks
Sit facing the monitor in a straight line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
2 Monaghan Institute
118 Identify the various backing store devices and their associated
media and outline their advantages and disadvantages eg
Floppy Disk
Hard Disk
Optical Disk
Magnetic Tape
Memory CardStick
Magnetic Disks
119 Describe the main parts of a small network eg gateway router
hub server etc
1110 Distinguish between systems and applications software
1111 Describe the major functions carried out by an operating system eg
Providing the user interface
Scheduling resources amongst users
Reporting errors to the user
File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
Controlling operations of peripheral devices
Running required software
Memory management
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
3 Monaghan Institute
Definition ndash What is a computer
The simplest definition of a computer is lsquoA computer is a machine for processing datarsquo or lsquoA
computer is a general-purpose machine that processes data according to a set of
instructions that are stored internally either temporarily or permanentlyrsquo
111 Define the terms hardware and software
Hardware is the general term used to describe all the electronic and mechanical elements
of the computer Hardware is basically something that has size and shape and can be seen
and touched For example computer screen printer disk drive mouse cables etc
Software is the general term used to describe the various programs used on a computer
Software is something that has no size and it cannot be touched but a computer cannot do
anything without software Software is generally supported on a CD Software is
continually being updated and developed Updates can be introduced to correct faults and
add new improvements to software Software can be broken down into
Systems Software ndash operating system to control the computers operation For
example Windows 7 Windows XP or Vista An operating system turns an
assortment of electronic parts into a compu ter that we can use to do things It acts
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
4 Monaghan Institute
as an interface between the different hardware devices and the user When the
computer boots up it is the operating system that we see first
Applications Software ndash software which is used to perform specific tasks For
example Word Excel Access and Internet Explorer
112 Evaluate the main components of a computer processing system
ie input output processing and backing store
A computer component is a computer part or hardware These can be divided into two
groups the components inside the tower and the components we can see
Main Components of a Computer Processing System ndash Inside the Tower
a Hard Drive
b CPU Central Processing Unit
c Motherboard
d PSU Power Supply Unit
e RAM Random Access Memory
f Modem
g Video Card
h Network Card
1) Hard Drive
Like the filing cabinet inside your computer This stores all of your
programs and files its size is measured in GB (the more GB the
more you can store) The average size today is upward of
120GB
2) CPU Central Processing Unit
The CPU stands Central Processing Unit - the brain of the computer
This is one of the smallest yet most expensive parts of a PC When
people talk about the speed of a computer they are talking about the
speed of the CPU The CPU interprets the instructions you give the
computer and then carries out the task The speed of a CPU is measured in Mhz and Ghz
(the more Mhz the faster the PC) and the bigger your CPU the faster a computer can work
Manufactures include Intel AMD and IBM
3) Motherboard
This is the main board on the computer All the components slot in or
connect to the motherboard it is a very complicated and intricate
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
5
4) PSU Power Supply Unit
This is where the mains power plugs into the computer It is located at the back of the
computer next to the fan which keeps it cool The PSU has lots of cables connected to it
which can plug into the components on the PC including the CD ROM Hard Drive Fan and
Motherboard
5) RAM Random Access Memory
RAM - stands for Random Access Memory This is a temporary type of
memory used while you are working on your computer (where your work is
saved before you actually save it) It is the memory a computer needs to
run software When you load or run software it goes into RAM If you
type something it also goes into RAM before being saved on the hard disk
When you turn your computer off all the data in RAM is lost The
performance of RAM is measured in MB the more MB of RAM a PC has
the better it can cope with big tasks like having lots of applications open at once if you have
a small amount of RAM the PC will crash and become very slow RAM can be easily added
to a computer to improve its performance
6) Modem
This is what is used to connect a computer to the internet it connects though a phone line
The performance of a modem is measured in KB The speed of modems is limited by
phone lines (that is why we now have broadband)
7) Video Card
A video card sends the picture signals from the
motherboard to the monitor The video card is
inserted into the mother board like the RAM It
interprets what needs to be displayed and passes
the message on to the monitor You can get
powerful 3D cards for games some video cards are
so fast they have to have their own fans
Performance of video cards is measured in MB (the
more lsquoMBrsquo the faster the picture appears) Average
size today is about 64mb
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
6
8) Network Card
Network cards (network interface controller) are used to
connect computers to a computer network all the computers
in the college have a network card so they can talk to each
other The speed of a network card is measured in MB per
second
From MEMORY ndash name 8 of the main components which are found inside the
tower of a computer and state briefly what they do
1) ____________________ ________________________________________________
2) ____________________ ________________________________________________
3) ____________________ ________________________________________________
4) ____________________ ________________________________________________
5) ____________________ ________________________________________________
6) ____________________ ________________________________________________
7) ____________________ ________________________________________________
8) ____________________ ________________________________________________
NOTES
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
7
Main Components of a Computer Processing System ndash We can See
Input and Output
a Input Devices
Any device that is used to enter data into a computer system is called an input device
the following are 9 different types of input device match the numbers with the images
1 Keyboard
2 Mouse
3 Graphics Tablet
4 Microphone
5 Digital Camera
6 Scanner
7 TouchPad
8 TrackerBall
9 Joystick
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
7
b Output Devices
An output device is any device that is used to present data in a usable form from a
computer system is called an OUTPUT device The output may be permanent (on paper) or
may be temporary (on screen) There are many different types of OUTPUT device each
one designed to provide an efficient way of retrieving the DATA
Match the following descriptions with the name of the output device
a) Laser Printer
b) Data Projector
c) Headphones
d) Speakers
e) Inkjet Printer
f) Monitor VDU
Visual Display Unit ndash used for displaying the picture outputted from the graphics
card
Used to output noise from the computer also consider buzzers and alarms eg
burglar alarm
This printer has a print head which fires small jets of ink at the paper Head
consists of a line of jets similar to the dot matrix 600 dpi (data pixels per inch) 3
colours are magenta cyan and yellow
This printer works like a photocopier A laser beam scans the document and
then the toner is fused to the paper to form an image
Uses light bulbs to project an image which is sent from the computer to the wall
of the classroom
Just like speakers but the noise does not distract others in the same room
113 Distinguish between the various types of computer
a Mainframe
Mainframe computers are used by very large corporations and have large computing
power and storage space Modern mainframes tend to be about the size of a large
storage cabinet These computers would be stored in a special room with a large
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
8
number of terminals connected to them These computers are very powerful and
process data very quickly Main frames are very expensive and are therefore only used
by large corporations
b Mini
Mini computers have a similar arrangement to mainframe computers but are smaller ndash
typically the size of a small filing cabinet These would be used in situations where the
large power and storage of a mainframe was not required This type of computer is not
nearly as expensive as a mainframe but still retains a lot of the mainframe features
Mini computers are typically found in sizable companies
c Micro (desktop notebook palmtop)
Micro computers are by far the most common type of computer They are commonly
referred to as a PC (Personal Computer) The modern micro computer is as powerful as
a mainframe was a number of years ago they are relatively cheap and have a vast
number of programs available for them They are fast and have large storage and are
used in a wide variety of businesses there is a PC in most homes today
Dumb Terminals
Mainframe Computer
NOTES
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
9
114 Evaluate the use of various input devices with reference to specific
application eg
a Keyboard
Keyboards are one of the two basic components used for data entry Keyboards use the
Qwerty typing layout similar to typewriters Keyboards usually also have a number
keypad to the right which can be used to enter numeric data
b Mouse
c Touch sensitive screen
d Microphone (voice data entry)
e Scanner
In computing an image scannermdashoften abbreviated to
just scannermdashis a device that optically scans images printed
text handwriting or an object and converts it to a digital
image Common examples found in offices are variations of
the desktop (or flatbed) scanner where the document is placed
on a glass window for scanning
f Smart Cards
A smart card chip card or integrated
circuit card (ICC) is any pocket-sized
card with embedded integrated circuits
A smart card or microprocessor cards
contain volatile memory and
microprocessor components The card
is made of plastic
Keyboard demonstration notes Write at least one keyboard shortcut
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
10
g Sensors eg alarms climate control
A sensor also called detector is a device that
measures a physical quantity and converts it into
a signal which can be read by an observer or by
an instrument Sensors are used in everyday
objects such as touch-sensitive elevator buttons
(tactile sensor) and lamps which dim or brighten
by touching the base There are also innumerable
applications for sensors of which most people are never aware Applications include cars
machines aerospace medicine manufacturing and robotics A sensor is a device which
receives and responds to a signal
Sensors are used in alarms and in climate control to detect changes and computers can
react according to the changes appropriately for eg Fire alarm burglar alarm air
conditioning and a refrigerator
115 Evaluate the use of various output devices with reference to specific
applications eg
a Printers (impact and non-impact)
An impact printer forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper by striking a
mechanism against an ink ribbon that physically contacts the paper Impact printers are
noisy and they do not print very good quality work Impact printers use a print head
containing a number of metal pins which strike an inked ribbon placed between the print
head and the paper
Nonimpact printers form characters and graphics on a piece of paper without actually
striking the paper Some of these printers use heat and pressure to create images and
some spray ink Nonimpact printers are much quieter than impact printers because they do
not strike the paper Three types of nonimpact printers that are used most often are ink-jet
printers laser printers and thermal printers The term nonimpact is important primarily in
that it distinguishes quiet printers from noisy (impact) printers
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
11
Impact Printers Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages
1 Multiple copying depth- more than one page can be printed at the same time
2 No toner cartridge therefore cleaner
Disadvantage
1 They make so much noise that nobody wants them near
2 If tractor driven the perforated edge is a hassle
3 Separating the sheet forms
4 No printing on back
5 No collating
b Plotters
A plotter is a device that draws pictures on paper based on commands from a computer
Plotters differ from printers in that they draw lines using a pen they work by moving
a pen across the surface of a piece of paper As a result they can produce continuous
lines Which means that plotters are restricted to line art whereas other printers can
only simulate lines by printing a closely spaced series of dots Multicolour plotters use
different-coloured pens to draw different colons
They are often slow because of the mechanical movement of the pens and incapable of
efficiently creating a solid region of colour In general plotters are considerably more
expensive than printers They are used in engineering applications where precision is
mandatory
c Monitors
A monitor or display (visual display unit) is an electronic visual display for computers
The monitor comprises the display device circuitry and an enclosure The display
device in modern monitors is typically a thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-
LCD) thin panel while older monitors use a cathode ray tube about as deep as the
screen size
Originally computer monitors were used for data processing while television receivers
were used for entertainment From the 1980s onwards computers (and their monitors)
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
12
have been used for both data processing and entertainment while televisions have
implemented some computer functionality
d Disks (magnetic optical and memory cards)
The normal method of storing programs and information on a computer is on a magnetic
disk or optical disk Later we will discuss the most common types of storage in SLO
118
Magnetic Disk
The data in this device is stored on a magnetic tape in the same way as an audio tape
ie sequentially In order to retrieve data from the tape it is necessary to go to the exact
point on the tape where the piece of data is stored The technology associated with tape
storage has developed and write speeds up to 15 Mbps However read speed is greatly
affected by the time taken to find the required data Therefore this type of storage
device is usually only used for archival storage
Optical Disk
Normally referred to as CDs and consist of an optical surface on to which the data is
burned using a laser beam The data is read from the disc using a laser The DVD is a
variation of the CD Discs are now available that may be reused and these are referred
to as rewritable RW discs CDs normally hold about 650 MB
Memory Cards
This is a small memory device that is used in a variety of digital equipment such as PDAs
digital cameras laptops and USBs etc It is simply an amount of RAM which may be
plugged in and out of the unit it is used in These devices are also referred to as flash
cards or memory sticks Readwrite speed is usually less than 20 Mbps
e Speakers
Computer speakers or multimedia speakers are
speakers external to a computer which disable the
lower fidelity built-in speaker and omit sound They
often have a low-power internal amplifier Computer
speakers range widely in quality and in price The
computer speakers typically packaged with computer
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
13
systems are small plastic and have mediocre sound quality Some computer speakers
have equalization features such as bass and treble controls Speakers can come in a va
rity of different formats ndash buzzers bells and speakers
116 Identify the specifications of a range of office and business equipment
eg fax telephone photocopier
Fax (short for facsimile) sometimes called telecopying
is the telephonic transmission of scanned printed material
(both text and images) normally to a telephone number
connected to a printer or other output device The original
document is scanned with a fax machine which
processes the contents as a single fixed graphic image
converting it into a bitmap The information is then transmitted as electrical signals
through the telephone system The receiving fax machine reconverts the coded image
printing a paper copy
Telephone
The telephone is a telecommunications device that transmits and receives sound most
commonly the human voice Telephones are a point-to-point communication system
whose most basic function is to allow two people separated by large distances to talk to
each other It is one of the most common appliances in the developed world and has
long been considered indispensable to businesses households and governments The
word telephone has been adapted to many languages and is widely recognized around
the world
All telephones have a microphone to speak into an earphone which reproduces the
voice of the other person a ringer which makes a sound to alert the owner when a call is
coming in and a keypad
Photocopier
A photocopier is a machine that makes paper copies of documents and other visual
images quickly and cheaply Most current photocopiers use a technology called
xerography a dry process using heat
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
14
117 Distinguish between the various types of printers and plotters and outline
their advantages and disadvantages
Introduction to Printers
Deciding what kind of printer you want to purchase -- inkjet laser or multifunction -- can
be frustrating and confusing There are so many types and brands of printers to choose
from at all prices and just like computers new models seem to be introduced on a
monthly basis How can the average consumer make an informed choice
In order to make sense of it all we offer the following tips
What do you need the printer to do
This is probably the most important question to answer If you just need to occasionally
print out documents such as letters copies of Web pages from the Internet or simple
spreadsheets a low-end inkjet or laser printer is fine If you need to do presentations or
high quality photographs you want a photo printer If you print over 100 pages on a daily
basis and dont need color you may want to look at the faster laser printers And of
course if you are starting a home business and you need a combination of scanner
printer copier and fax machine a multifunction printer is best
Factors to Consider
Other important factors to be considered before purchasing a printer are
1 Resolution - the number of dots a printer prints in a square inch (over 1440 dpi is
good) Choose a higher end model with a higher resolution if you will be printing lots
of presentation-quality text graphics and photos
2 Operating Cost - Calculate the cost of replacement ink cartridges and paper
because printer users must continually purchase more ink cartridges and toner when
the old ones run out or dry up Be aware that the cost of paper toner and ink can
amount to more than the original cost of the printer within a year or so
3 Speed - the volume of printout (pages per minute) is essential if you are printing large
numbers of documents in black and white
4 Size of the printout - will you be printing on oversized or non-standard paper heavy
card stock blueprints transparencies etc Then choose a printer whose paper path
is no sharper than 90 degrees to allow printing on various types of media without
jamming
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
15
5 Photo Quality - Specialty color printers that have photo lab quality are essential if
you are looking for a printer that can print high-resolution images on photo paper
6 Digital camera cards and Memory Sticks - does the printer need to have built-in
slots for these de vices
7 Network enabled - will you be connecting the new printer to a home or office
network
8 Image processing - Processing images takes a lot of power so printers often have
as much computing horsepower and memory as a PC Some printers form the
complete image in memory prior to printing it which allows them to handle large files
quickly
9 Ease of use - how easy is the printer setup process
10 Compatibility - The newer printers are all USB-compatible which means they will
work for Windows 982000XP and with Mac System 81 or higher
11 Warranty - be sure to purchase a printer that includes a manufacturers andor store
warranty (at least 90 days)
The four main different types of printers are
Ink-jet Printers
Laser Printers
Dot-Matrix Printers
Multifunctional
Normally home computer users will use ink-jets as they are relatively cheap but superior
in quality to dot-matrix Laser jets and other printers created by new technology are
more expensive and more commonly found in the offices
Dot Matrix
Impact (Dot-matrix) printers use a set of closely
spaced pins and a ribbon to print letters or other
characters on a page These printers actually impact
the page to print a character much like a typewriter
Dot-matrix printers vary in terms of speed and the
number of pins they have They can run at a speed
anywhere between 50 and 500 CPS (Characters Per Second) The number of pins which
can vary between 9 to 24 determines the quality of the print job Dot matrix printers are
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
16
commonly used for printing invoices purchase orders shipping forms labels and other
multi-part forms Dot matrix printers can print through multi-part forms in a single pass
allowing them to produce more pages than even high-speed laser printers
Inkjet
Ink-jets(bubble-jets) printers spray ionized tiny drops of ink onto a
page to create an image This is achieved by using magnetized
plates which direct the inks path onto the paper in the desired
pattern Almost all ink-jets offer a color option as standard in varying
degrees of resolution Ink-jet printers are capable of producing high quality print which
almost matches the quality of a laser printer A standard ink-jet printer has a resolution of
300 dots per inch although newer models have improved on that As a rule color link-jet
printers can also be used as a regular black and white printer
When a Color Inkjet Printer is the Best Choice
Ink jets are a good choice if you are looking for high quality color photo output for a
reasonable price Prices start at around euro150
First youll need to decide on the type of machine you want a standard ink jet for
reasonable photos and a low purchase price or a photo ink jet for superior photo quality
All of the top models offer 4800-by-1200-dpi resolution but they vary quite a bit in terms
of printing speed
Choose an inkjet printer based on the cost of replacement ink cartridges and not on the
cost of the printer Over time ink and paper costs can exceed the cost of the printer
several times over Avoid single-cartridge printers which only come with a color cartridge
that cant print true color It is more cost effective to purchase a color inkjet with multiple
color cartridges (CMYK) so they can be replaced individually
Another cost saving tip Leaving any inkjet idle for even a week or two can allow the ink in
the tiny tubes that feed the nozzles to dry The resulting clogs cause streaks and other
anomalies in your pictures To avoid clogs print at least once a week Some printers run
a maintenance routine on startup meaning that you can keep the nozzles clear simply by
turning your printer on and off once a week Check your devices manual to see whether it
has this feature
LaserJet
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
17
Laser printers operate by shining a laser beam to produce an image on a
drum The drum is then rolled through a pool or reservoir or toner and the
electrically charged portions of the drum pick up ink Finally using a
combination of heat and pressure the ink on the drum is transferred onto the
page Laser printers print very fast and the supply cartridges work a long time Color laser
printers use the same toner-based printing process as black and white ( BW) laser
printers except that they combine four different toner colors Color laser printers can also
be used as a regular black and white laser printer
When to Choose a Laser Printer
If you do a lot of document printing dont use an inkjet printer Use a laser printer Laser
printers cost more to buy but much less to use - they are very cost effective to operate
since their toner cartridges are not replaced as often
With all costs figured in each document page printed on a typical laser printer costs from
2 cents to 5 cents on an inkjet the cost per page can run from 10 cents to 15 cents
depending on the model (This does not even count the cost of photo printing which can
cost up to a eurp per page on an inkjet when you include the high cost of photo paper and
the additional ink thats used in that mode)
Plotters
Plotters are large-scale printers that are very accurate at reproducing line drawings They
are commonly used for technical drawings such as engineering drawings or architectural
blueprints The two basic types of plotters are called flatbed plotters and drum plotters
Flatbed plotters are horizontally aligned with a flat surface to which a piece of paper is
attached The paper remains stationary and the printer moves pens across the paper to
draw the image Drum plotters also called upright plotters are vertically positioned They
have a drum that the paper rolls on Drum plotters
usually make more noise and are more compact than
flatbed plotters
Digital Photo printers
Many middle range printers
are now able to print photo
quality images Usually an
option with color printers specialist photo print
heads allow a greater resolution to be achieved to
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
18
improve photo image quality Photo ink jet printers expand their gamuts by
adding additional ink colors usually light cyan and light magenta
Network printer is a printer that provides output capabilities to
all network users
Multifunction printers combine top-quality color
ink-jet or laser printing with plain-paper and PC faxing color copying and
color scanning telephoning- all in one convenient space-saving machine
If you work from home or have a small office a multifunctional device may be ideal
Name 10 of the factors you should consider when deciding on which printer
you would buy
1) ___________________________
2) ___________________________
3) ___________________________
4) ___________________________
5) ___________________________
6) ___________________________
7) ___________________________
8) ___________________________
9) ___________________________
10) __________________________
What is the difference between a Laser Printer and an Inkjet Printer
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
19
118 Identify the various backing store devices and their associated media and
outline their advantages and disadvantages eg
Floppy Disk
Hard Disk
Optical Disk
Magnetic Tape
Memory CardStick
Magnetic Disks
119 Describe the main parts of a small network eg gateway router hub
server etc
Distinguish between a LAN and a WAN
A computer network is a number of computers linked together to allow them to share
resources Networked computers can share hardware (such as a printer) software
and data
There are two types of network
LAN - Local Area Network
WAN - Wide Area Network
Local Area Network (LAN)
A LAN is a Local Area Network covering a small area such as one building eg in a
school or a college Within a LAN computers and other hardware devices are
connected to the file server This allows the computers to share resources
Wide Area Network (WAN)
A WAN is a Wide Area Network covering a large geographical area
Within a WAN many terminals are connected to the
host computers This allows networks to be cover a
large geographical area
1 The Internet is a WAN
2 A network of bank cash dispensers is a WAN
3 A school network is a LAN
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
20
LANs are often connected to WANs for example a school network could be
connected to the Internet
Identify the components necessary to connect a computer to an Internet
Provider
To connect a computer to the internet you need
1 A computer
2 A telephone line
3 A modem
4 An account with an ISP (Internet Service Provider)
5 Browser software ndash a program which lets you connect to the internet eg
Internet Explorer or Firefox
1110 Distinguish between systems and applications software
See presentation notes
1111 Describe the major functions carried out by an operating system eg
a Providing the user interface
b Scheduling resources amongst users
c Reporting errors to the user
d File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
e Controlling operations of peripheral devices
f Running required software
g Memory management
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
21
File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
Explain the terms file folderdirectory drive
A file is usually a document created in Excel Word or any other program which we have saved onto our computer For example you may have created a file which is a memo about a meeting A folder is usually some where we have saved a file or lots of files It is important to save files in folders related to the content of the file A drive is where the actual location of the stored files and folders are Think of this as the filing cabinet the lsquoMy Documentsrsquo folder is usually saved on the C Drive of a computer
Memo To J Vincent From S Sanghera Re Meeting Please bring your notes with you
Safety Meetings Folder
File
Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
22
Explain what it means to format a disk
Formatting a disk means permanently deleting all the information on the disk or USB and making it blank To format a floppy disk or a USB go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the disk or drive and select lsquoFormatrsquo When you click on lsquoFormatrsquo you will be asked if you are sure you want to lsquoFormatrsquo if you select lsquoOKrsquo the computer will format the disk for you
Note Do not format a disk or drive unless you are sure you want to permanently delete all the information on it
The E Drive is where I have saved my work (USB memory)
These are folders in the E drive
These are files in the folder Year 7 which is saved on the E Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
23
Explain storage capacity
The storage capacity of a memory device is how much information it can hold To find the storage capacity of any drive which is part of your computer or attached to your computer go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the drive or device and go to lsquoPropertiesrsquo
From the lsquoPropertiesrsquo window you will see the overall capacity (size) of the drive and the lsquoUsedrsquo and lsquoFreersquo space available on that drive
Memory Size
Computer memory and disk space is measured by the number of bytes or characters
it is capable of holding Since these numbers are very large the terms kilobyte (KB)
megabyte (MB) and gigabyte (GB) are used
1KB = approximately 1000 bytes (1024 exactly)
1MB = approximately 1000000 bytes (1048576 exactly)
1GB = approximately 1000000000 bytes (1073741824 exactly)
Recognise the ability of computers to communicate with one another
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
24
Computers communicate
with each other via a
network or the internet The
Internet or is a global
network connecting millions
of computers In order for a
computer to connect to
another computer on the
internet the computer must
first have a modem
The modem converts the signals from digital to analogue and sends or receives the
information through the broadband or phone line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
25
Outline the main points of the Data Protection Act
Data protection is about your fundamental right to privacy You can access and
correct data about yourself Those who keep data about you have to comply with data
protection principles
What is data protection
When you give your personal details to an organisation or individual they have a duty to keep these details private and safe This process is known as data protection We refer to organisations or individuals who control the contents and use of your personal details as lsquodata controllersrsquo
Most of us give information about ourselves to groups such as Government bodies banks insurance companies medical professionals and telephone companies to use their services or meet certain conditions Organisations or individuals can also get information about us from other sources Under data protection law you have rights regarding the use of these personal details and data controllers have certain responsibilities in how they handle this information
What are my rights
You have a range of rights when a person or organisation takes and records your personal details Please read this section carefully to make sure that you are aware of your rights
1 Right to have your details used in line with data protection regulations 2 Right to information about your personal details 3 Right to access your personal details 4 Right to know if your personal details are being held 5 Right to change or remove your details 6 Right to prevent use of your personal details 7 Right to remove your details from a direct marketing list 8 Right to object 9 Right to freedom from automated decision making 10 Right to refuse direct marketing calls or mail
Reference wwwirishstatutebookie1988
Reference wwwbbccoukbitesize
Connect with power supply following appropriate safety procedures
Switch on and boot up computer using procedures appropriate to the system
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
26
Turn on the computer at the power button
Ensure your monitor is switched on
Shut down the system using appropriate procedures
Go to Start gt Turn Off Computer gt Turn Off
When the computer is off turn off the power at the plug
Operate computer with due attention to safety procedures
Donrsquot slouch
Keep your back at around a 90 degree angle
Keep your feet on the ground
Take regular breaks
Sit facing the monitor in a straight line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
3 Monaghan Institute
Definition ndash What is a computer
The simplest definition of a computer is lsquoA computer is a machine for processing datarsquo or lsquoA
computer is a general-purpose machine that processes data according to a set of
instructions that are stored internally either temporarily or permanentlyrsquo
111 Define the terms hardware and software
Hardware is the general term used to describe all the electronic and mechanical elements
of the computer Hardware is basically something that has size and shape and can be seen
and touched For example computer screen printer disk drive mouse cables etc
Software is the general term used to describe the various programs used on a computer
Software is something that has no size and it cannot be touched but a computer cannot do
anything without software Software is generally supported on a CD Software is
continually being updated and developed Updates can be introduced to correct faults and
add new improvements to software Software can be broken down into
Systems Software ndash operating system to control the computers operation For
example Windows 7 Windows XP or Vista An operating system turns an
assortment of electronic parts into a compu ter that we can use to do things It acts
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
4 Monaghan Institute
as an interface between the different hardware devices and the user When the
computer boots up it is the operating system that we see first
Applications Software ndash software which is used to perform specific tasks For
example Word Excel Access and Internet Explorer
112 Evaluate the main components of a computer processing system
ie input output processing and backing store
A computer component is a computer part or hardware These can be divided into two
groups the components inside the tower and the components we can see
Main Components of a Computer Processing System ndash Inside the Tower
a Hard Drive
b CPU Central Processing Unit
c Motherboard
d PSU Power Supply Unit
e RAM Random Access Memory
f Modem
g Video Card
h Network Card
1) Hard Drive
Like the filing cabinet inside your computer This stores all of your
programs and files its size is measured in GB (the more GB the
more you can store) The average size today is upward of
120GB
2) CPU Central Processing Unit
The CPU stands Central Processing Unit - the brain of the computer
This is one of the smallest yet most expensive parts of a PC When
people talk about the speed of a computer they are talking about the
speed of the CPU The CPU interprets the instructions you give the
computer and then carries out the task The speed of a CPU is measured in Mhz and Ghz
(the more Mhz the faster the PC) and the bigger your CPU the faster a computer can work
Manufactures include Intel AMD and IBM
3) Motherboard
This is the main board on the computer All the components slot in or
connect to the motherboard it is a very complicated and intricate
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
5
4) PSU Power Supply Unit
This is where the mains power plugs into the computer It is located at the back of the
computer next to the fan which keeps it cool The PSU has lots of cables connected to it
which can plug into the components on the PC including the CD ROM Hard Drive Fan and
Motherboard
5) RAM Random Access Memory
RAM - stands for Random Access Memory This is a temporary type of
memory used while you are working on your computer (where your work is
saved before you actually save it) It is the memory a computer needs to
run software When you load or run software it goes into RAM If you
type something it also goes into RAM before being saved on the hard disk
When you turn your computer off all the data in RAM is lost The
performance of RAM is measured in MB the more MB of RAM a PC has
the better it can cope with big tasks like having lots of applications open at once if you have
a small amount of RAM the PC will crash and become very slow RAM can be easily added
to a computer to improve its performance
6) Modem
This is what is used to connect a computer to the internet it connects though a phone line
The performance of a modem is measured in KB The speed of modems is limited by
phone lines (that is why we now have broadband)
7) Video Card
A video card sends the picture signals from the
motherboard to the monitor The video card is
inserted into the mother board like the RAM It
interprets what needs to be displayed and passes
the message on to the monitor You can get
powerful 3D cards for games some video cards are
so fast they have to have their own fans
Performance of video cards is measured in MB (the
more lsquoMBrsquo the faster the picture appears) Average
size today is about 64mb
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
6
8) Network Card
Network cards (network interface controller) are used to
connect computers to a computer network all the computers
in the college have a network card so they can talk to each
other The speed of a network card is measured in MB per
second
From MEMORY ndash name 8 of the main components which are found inside the
tower of a computer and state briefly what they do
1) ____________________ ________________________________________________
2) ____________________ ________________________________________________
3) ____________________ ________________________________________________
4) ____________________ ________________________________________________
5) ____________________ ________________________________________________
6) ____________________ ________________________________________________
7) ____________________ ________________________________________________
8) ____________________ ________________________________________________
NOTES
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
7
Main Components of a Computer Processing System ndash We can See
Input and Output
a Input Devices
Any device that is used to enter data into a computer system is called an input device
the following are 9 different types of input device match the numbers with the images
1 Keyboard
2 Mouse
3 Graphics Tablet
4 Microphone
5 Digital Camera
6 Scanner
7 TouchPad
8 TrackerBall
9 Joystick
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
7
b Output Devices
An output device is any device that is used to present data in a usable form from a
computer system is called an OUTPUT device The output may be permanent (on paper) or
may be temporary (on screen) There are many different types of OUTPUT device each
one designed to provide an efficient way of retrieving the DATA
Match the following descriptions with the name of the output device
a) Laser Printer
b) Data Projector
c) Headphones
d) Speakers
e) Inkjet Printer
f) Monitor VDU
Visual Display Unit ndash used for displaying the picture outputted from the graphics
card
Used to output noise from the computer also consider buzzers and alarms eg
burglar alarm
This printer has a print head which fires small jets of ink at the paper Head
consists of a line of jets similar to the dot matrix 600 dpi (data pixels per inch) 3
colours are magenta cyan and yellow
This printer works like a photocopier A laser beam scans the document and
then the toner is fused to the paper to form an image
Uses light bulbs to project an image which is sent from the computer to the wall
of the classroom
Just like speakers but the noise does not distract others in the same room
113 Distinguish between the various types of computer
a Mainframe
Mainframe computers are used by very large corporations and have large computing
power and storage space Modern mainframes tend to be about the size of a large
storage cabinet These computers would be stored in a special room with a large
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
8
number of terminals connected to them These computers are very powerful and
process data very quickly Main frames are very expensive and are therefore only used
by large corporations
b Mini
Mini computers have a similar arrangement to mainframe computers but are smaller ndash
typically the size of a small filing cabinet These would be used in situations where the
large power and storage of a mainframe was not required This type of computer is not
nearly as expensive as a mainframe but still retains a lot of the mainframe features
Mini computers are typically found in sizable companies
c Micro (desktop notebook palmtop)
Micro computers are by far the most common type of computer They are commonly
referred to as a PC (Personal Computer) The modern micro computer is as powerful as
a mainframe was a number of years ago they are relatively cheap and have a vast
number of programs available for them They are fast and have large storage and are
used in a wide variety of businesses there is a PC in most homes today
Dumb Terminals
Mainframe Computer
NOTES
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
9
114 Evaluate the use of various input devices with reference to specific
application eg
a Keyboard
Keyboards are one of the two basic components used for data entry Keyboards use the
Qwerty typing layout similar to typewriters Keyboards usually also have a number
keypad to the right which can be used to enter numeric data
b Mouse
c Touch sensitive screen
d Microphone (voice data entry)
e Scanner
In computing an image scannermdashoften abbreviated to
just scannermdashis a device that optically scans images printed
text handwriting or an object and converts it to a digital
image Common examples found in offices are variations of
the desktop (or flatbed) scanner where the document is placed
on a glass window for scanning
f Smart Cards
A smart card chip card or integrated
circuit card (ICC) is any pocket-sized
card with embedded integrated circuits
A smart card or microprocessor cards
contain volatile memory and
microprocessor components The card
is made of plastic
Keyboard demonstration notes Write at least one keyboard shortcut
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
10
g Sensors eg alarms climate control
A sensor also called detector is a device that
measures a physical quantity and converts it into
a signal which can be read by an observer or by
an instrument Sensors are used in everyday
objects such as touch-sensitive elevator buttons
(tactile sensor) and lamps which dim or brighten
by touching the base There are also innumerable
applications for sensors of which most people are never aware Applications include cars
machines aerospace medicine manufacturing and robotics A sensor is a device which
receives and responds to a signal
Sensors are used in alarms and in climate control to detect changes and computers can
react according to the changes appropriately for eg Fire alarm burglar alarm air
conditioning and a refrigerator
115 Evaluate the use of various output devices with reference to specific
applications eg
a Printers (impact and non-impact)
An impact printer forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper by striking a
mechanism against an ink ribbon that physically contacts the paper Impact printers are
noisy and they do not print very good quality work Impact printers use a print head
containing a number of metal pins which strike an inked ribbon placed between the print
head and the paper
Nonimpact printers form characters and graphics on a piece of paper without actually
striking the paper Some of these printers use heat and pressure to create images and
some spray ink Nonimpact printers are much quieter than impact printers because they do
not strike the paper Three types of nonimpact printers that are used most often are ink-jet
printers laser printers and thermal printers The term nonimpact is important primarily in
that it distinguishes quiet printers from noisy (impact) printers
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
11
Impact Printers Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages
1 Multiple copying depth- more than one page can be printed at the same time
2 No toner cartridge therefore cleaner
Disadvantage
1 They make so much noise that nobody wants them near
2 If tractor driven the perforated edge is a hassle
3 Separating the sheet forms
4 No printing on back
5 No collating
b Plotters
A plotter is a device that draws pictures on paper based on commands from a computer
Plotters differ from printers in that they draw lines using a pen they work by moving
a pen across the surface of a piece of paper As a result they can produce continuous
lines Which means that plotters are restricted to line art whereas other printers can
only simulate lines by printing a closely spaced series of dots Multicolour plotters use
different-coloured pens to draw different colons
They are often slow because of the mechanical movement of the pens and incapable of
efficiently creating a solid region of colour In general plotters are considerably more
expensive than printers They are used in engineering applications where precision is
mandatory
c Monitors
A monitor or display (visual display unit) is an electronic visual display for computers
The monitor comprises the display device circuitry and an enclosure The display
device in modern monitors is typically a thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-
LCD) thin panel while older monitors use a cathode ray tube about as deep as the
screen size
Originally computer monitors were used for data processing while television receivers
were used for entertainment From the 1980s onwards computers (and their monitors)
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
12
have been used for both data processing and entertainment while televisions have
implemented some computer functionality
d Disks (magnetic optical and memory cards)
The normal method of storing programs and information on a computer is on a magnetic
disk or optical disk Later we will discuss the most common types of storage in SLO
118
Magnetic Disk
The data in this device is stored on a magnetic tape in the same way as an audio tape
ie sequentially In order to retrieve data from the tape it is necessary to go to the exact
point on the tape where the piece of data is stored The technology associated with tape
storage has developed and write speeds up to 15 Mbps However read speed is greatly
affected by the time taken to find the required data Therefore this type of storage
device is usually only used for archival storage
Optical Disk
Normally referred to as CDs and consist of an optical surface on to which the data is
burned using a laser beam The data is read from the disc using a laser The DVD is a
variation of the CD Discs are now available that may be reused and these are referred
to as rewritable RW discs CDs normally hold about 650 MB
Memory Cards
This is a small memory device that is used in a variety of digital equipment such as PDAs
digital cameras laptops and USBs etc It is simply an amount of RAM which may be
plugged in and out of the unit it is used in These devices are also referred to as flash
cards or memory sticks Readwrite speed is usually less than 20 Mbps
e Speakers
Computer speakers or multimedia speakers are
speakers external to a computer which disable the
lower fidelity built-in speaker and omit sound They
often have a low-power internal amplifier Computer
speakers range widely in quality and in price The
computer speakers typically packaged with computer
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
13
systems are small plastic and have mediocre sound quality Some computer speakers
have equalization features such as bass and treble controls Speakers can come in a va
rity of different formats ndash buzzers bells and speakers
116 Identify the specifications of a range of office and business equipment
eg fax telephone photocopier
Fax (short for facsimile) sometimes called telecopying
is the telephonic transmission of scanned printed material
(both text and images) normally to a telephone number
connected to a printer or other output device The original
document is scanned with a fax machine which
processes the contents as a single fixed graphic image
converting it into a bitmap The information is then transmitted as electrical signals
through the telephone system The receiving fax machine reconverts the coded image
printing a paper copy
Telephone
The telephone is a telecommunications device that transmits and receives sound most
commonly the human voice Telephones are a point-to-point communication system
whose most basic function is to allow two people separated by large distances to talk to
each other It is one of the most common appliances in the developed world and has
long been considered indispensable to businesses households and governments The
word telephone has been adapted to many languages and is widely recognized around
the world
All telephones have a microphone to speak into an earphone which reproduces the
voice of the other person a ringer which makes a sound to alert the owner when a call is
coming in and a keypad
Photocopier
A photocopier is a machine that makes paper copies of documents and other visual
images quickly and cheaply Most current photocopiers use a technology called
xerography a dry process using heat
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
14
117 Distinguish between the various types of printers and plotters and outline
their advantages and disadvantages
Introduction to Printers
Deciding what kind of printer you want to purchase -- inkjet laser or multifunction -- can
be frustrating and confusing There are so many types and brands of printers to choose
from at all prices and just like computers new models seem to be introduced on a
monthly basis How can the average consumer make an informed choice
In order to make sense of it all we offer the following tips
What do you need the printer to do
This is probably the most important question to answer If you just need to occasionally
print out documents such as letters copies of Web pages from the Internet or simple
spreadsheets a low-end inkjet or laser printer is fine If you need to do presentations or
high quality photographs you want a photo printer If you print over 100 pages on a daily
basis and dont need color you may want to look at the faster laser printers And of
course if you are starting a home business and you need a combination of scanner
printer copier and fax machine a multifunction printer is best
Factors to Consider
Other important factors to be considered before purchasing a printer are
1 Resolution - the number of dots a printer prints in a square inch (over 1440 dpi is
good) Choose a higher end model with a higher resolution if you will be printing lots
of presentation-quality text graphics and photos
2 Operating Cost - Calculate the cost of replacement ink cartridges and paper
because printer users must continually purchase more ink cartridges and toner when
the old ones run out or dry up Be aware that the cost of paper toner and ink can
amount to more than the original cost of the printer within a year or so
3 Speed - the volume of printout (pages per minute) is essential if you are printing large
numbers of documents in black and white
4 Size of the printout - will you be printing on oversized or non-standard paper heavy
card stock blueprints transparencies etc Then choose a printer whose paper path
is no sharper than 90 degrees to allow printing on various types of media without
jamming
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
15
5 Photo Quality - Specialty color printers that have photo lab quality are essential if
you are looking for a printer that can print high-resolution images on photo paper
6 Digital camera cards and Memory Sticks - does the printer need to have built-in
slots for these de vices
7 Network enabled - will you be connecting the new printer to a home or office
network
8 Image processing - Processing images takes a lot of power so printers often have
as much computing horsepower and memory as a PC Some printers form the
complete image in memory prior to printing it which allows them to handle large files
quickly
9 Ease of use - how easy is the printer setup process
10 Compatibility - The newer printers are all USB-compatible which means they will
work for Windows 982000XP and with Mac System 81 or higher
11 Warranty - be sure to purchase a printer that includes a manufacturers andor store
warranty (at least 90 days)
The four main different types of printers are
Ink-jet Printers
Laser Printers
Dot-Matrix Printers
Multifunctional
Normally home computer users will use ink-jets as they are relatively cheap but superior
in quality to dot-matrix Laser jets and other printers created by new technology are
more expensive and more commonly found in the offices
Dot Matrix
Impact (Dot-matrix) printers use a set of closely
spaced pins and a ribbon to print letters or other
characters on a page These printers actually impact
the page to print a character much like a typewriter
Dot-matrix printers vary in terms of speed and the
number of pins they have They can run at a speed
anywhere between 50 and 500 CPS (Characters Per Second) The number of pins which
can vary between 9 to 24 determines the quality of the print job Dot matrix printers are
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
16
commonly used for printing invoices purchase orders shipping forms labels and other
multi-part forms Dot matrix printers can print through multi-part forms in a single pass
allowing them to produce more pages than even high-speed laser printers
Inkjet
Ink-jets(bubble-jets) printers spray ionized tiny drops of ink onto a
page to create an image This is achieved by using magnetized
plates which direct the inks path onto the paper in the desired
pattern Almost all ink-jets offer a color option as standard in varying
degrees of resolution Ink-jet printers are capable of producing high quality print which
almost matches the quality of a laser printer A standard ink-jet printer has a resolution of
300 dots per inch although newer models have improved on that As a rule color link-jet
printers can also be used as a regular black and white printer
When a Color Inkjet Printer is the Best Choice
Ink jets are a good choice if you are looking for high quality color photo output for a
reasonable price Prices start at around euro150
First youll need to decide on the type of machine you want a standard ink jet for
reasonable photos and a low purchase price or a photo ink jet for superior photo quality
All of the top models offer 4800-by-1200-dpi resolution but they vary quite a bit in terms
of printing speed
Choose an inkjet printer based on the cost of replacement ink cartridges and not on the
cost of the printer Over time ink and paper costs can exceed the cost of the printer
several times over Avoid single-cartridge printers which only come with a color cartridge
that cant print true color It is more cost effective to purchase a color inkjet with multiple
color cartridges (CMYK) so they can be replaced individually
Another cost saving tip Leaving any inkjet idle for even a week or two can allow the ink in
the tiny tubes that feed the nozzles to dry The resulting clogs cause streaks and other
anomalies in your pictures To avoid clogs print at least once a week Some printers run
a maintenance routine on startup meaning that you can keep the nozzles clear simply by
turning your printer on and off once a week Check your devices manual to see whether it
has this feature
LaserJet
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
17
Laser printers operate by shining a laser beam to produce an image on a
drum The drum is then rolled through a pool or reservoir or toner and the
electrically charged portions of the drum pick up ink Finally using a
combination of heat and pressure the ink on the drum is transferred onto the
page Laser printers print very fast and the supply cartridges work a long time Color laser
printers use the same toner-based printing process as black and white ( BW) laser
printers except that they combine four different toner colors Color laser printers can also
be used as a regular black and white laser printer
When to Choose a Laser Printer
If you do a lot of document printing dont use an inkjet printer Use a laser printer Laser
printers cost more to buy but much less to use - they are very cost effective to operate
since their toner cartridges are not replaced as often
With all costs figured in each document page printed on a typical laser printer costs from
2 cents to 5 cents on an inkjet the cost per page can run from 10 cents to 15 cents
depending on the model (This does not even count the cost of photo printing which can
cost up to a eurp per page on an inkjet when you include the high cost of photo paper and
the additional ink thats used in that mode)
Plotters
Plotters are large-scale printers that are very accurate at reproducing line drawings They
are commonly used for technical drawings such as engineering drawings or architectural
blueprints The two basic types of plotters are called flatbed plotters and drum plotters
Flatbed plotters are horizontally aligned with a flat surface to which a piece of paper is
attached The paper remains stationary and the printer moves pens across the paper to
draw the image Drum plotters also called upright plotters are vertically positioned They
have a drum that the paper rolls on Drum plotters
usually make more noise and are more compact than
flatbed plotters
Digital Photo printers
Many middle range printers
are now able to print photo
quality images Usually an
option with color printers specialist photo print
heads allow a greater resolution to be achieved to
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
18
improve photo image quality Photo ink jet printers expand their gamuts by
adding additional ink colors usually light cyan and light magenta
Network printer is a printer that provides output capabilities to
all network users
Multifunction printers combine top-quality color
ink-jet or laser printing with plain-paper and PC faxing color copying and
color scanning telephoning- all in one convenient space-saving machine
If you work from home or have a small office a multifunctional device may be ideal
Name 10 of the factors you should consider when deciding on which printer
you would buy
1) ___________________________
2) ___________________________
3) ___________________________
4) ___________________________
5) ___________________________
6) ___________________________
7) ___________________________
8) ___________________________
9) ___________________________
10) __________________________
What is the difference between a Laser Printer and an Inkjet Printer
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
19
118 Identify the various backing store devices and their associated media and
outline their advantages and disadvantages eg
Floppy Disk
Hard Disk
Optical Disk
Magnetic Tape
Memory CardStick
Magnetic Disks
119 Describe the main parts of a small network eg gateway router hub
server etc
Distinguish between a LAN and a WAN
A computer network is a number of computers linked together to allow them to share
resources Networked computers can share hardware (such as a printer) software
and data
There are two types of network
LAN - Local Area Network
WAN - Wide Area Network
Local Area Network (LAN)
A LAN is a Local Area Network covering a small area such as one building eg in a
school or a college Within a LAN computers and other hardware devices are
connected to the file server This allows the computers to share resources
Wide Area Network (WAN)
A WAN is a Wide Area Network covering a large geographical area
Within a WAN many terminals are connected to the
host computers This allows networks to be cover a
large geographical area
1 The Internet is a WAN
2 A network of bank cash dispensers is a WAN
3 A school network is a LAN
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
20
LANs are often connected to WANs for example a school network could be
connected to the Internet
Identify the components necessary to connect a computer to an Internet
Provider
To connect a computer to the internet you need
1 A computer
2 A telephone line
3 A modem
4 An account with an ISP (Internet Service Provider)
5 Browser software ndash a program which lets you connect to the internet eg
Internet Explorer or Firefox
1110 Distinguish between systems and applications software
See presentation notes
1111 Describe the major functions carried out by an operating system eg
a Providing the user interface
b Scheduling resources amongst users
c Reporting errors to the user
d File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
e Controlling operations of peripheral devices
f Running required software
g Memory management
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
21
File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
Explain the terms file folderdirectory drive
A file is usually a document created in Excel Word or any other program which we have saved onto our computer For example you may have created a file which is a memo about a meeting A folder is usually some where we have saved a file or lots of files It is important to save files in folders related to the content of the file A drive is where the actual location of the stored files and folders are Think of this as the filing cabinet the lsquoMy Documentsrsquo folder is usually saved on the C Drive of a computer
Memo To J Vincent From S Sanghera Re Meeting Please bring your notes with you
Safety Meetings Folder
File
Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
22
Explain what it means to format a disk
Formatting a disk means permanently deleting all the information on the disk or USB and making it blank To format a floppy disk or a USB go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the disk or drive and select lsquoFormatrsquo When you click on lsquoFormatrsquo you will be asked if you are sure you want to lsquoFormatrsquo if you select lsquoOKrsquo the computer will format the disk for you
Note Do not format a disk or drive unless you are sure you want to permanently delete all the information on it
The E Drive is where I have saved my work (USB memory)
These are folders in the E drive
These are files in the folder Year 7 which is saved on the E Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
23
Explain storage capacity
The storage capacity of a memory device is how much information it can hold To find the storage capacity of any drive which is part of your computer or attached to your computer go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the drive or device and go to lsquoPropertiesrsquo
From the lsquoPropertiesrsquo window you will see the overall capacity (size) of the drive and the lsquoUsedrsquo and lsquoFreersquo space available on that drive
Memory Size
Computer memory and disk space is measured by the number of bytes or characters
it is capable of holding Since these numbers are very large the terms kilobyte (KB)
megabyte (MB) and gigabyte (GB) are used
1KB = approximately 1000 bytes (1024 exactly)
1MB = approximately 1000000 bytes (1048576 exactly)
1GB = approximately 1000000000 bytes (1073741824 exactly)
Recognise the ability of computers to communicate with one another
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
24
Computers communicate
with each other via a
network or the internet The
Internet or is a global
network connecting millions
of computers In order for a
computer to connect to
another computer on the
internet the computer must
first have a modem
The modem converts the signals from digital to analogue and sends or receives the
information through the broadband or phone line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
25
Outline the main points of the Data Protection Act
Data protection is about your fundamental right to privacy You can access and
correct data about yourself Those who keep data about you have to comply with data
protection principles
What is data protection
When you give your personal details to an organisation or individual they have a duty to keep these details private and safe This process is known as data protection We refer to organisations or individuals who control the contents and use of your personal details as lsquodata controllersrsquo
Most of us give information about ourselves to groups such as Government bodies banks insurance companies medical professionals and telephone companies to use their services or meet certain conditions Organisations or individuals can also get information about us from other sources Under data protection law you have rights regarding the use of these personal details and data controllers have certain responsibilities in how they handle this information
What are my rights
You have a range of rights when a person or organisation takes and records your personal details Please read this section carefully to make sure that you are aware of your rights
1 Right to have your details used in line with data protection regulations 2 Right to information about your personal details 3 Right to access your personal details 4 Right to know if your personal details are being held 5 Right to change or remove your details 6 Right to prevent use of your personal details 7 Right to remove your details from a direct marketing list 8 Right to object 9 Right to freedom from automated decision making 10 Right to refuse direct marketing calls or mail
Reference wwwirishstatutebookie1988
Reference wwwbbccoukbitesize
Connect with power supply following appropriate safety procedures
Switch on and boot up computer using procedures appropriate to the system
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
26
Turn on the computer at the power button
Ensure your monitor is switched on
Shut down the system using appropriate procedures
Go to Start gt Turn Off Computer gt Turn Off
When the computer is off turn off the power at the plug
Operate computer with due attention to safety procedures
Donrsquot slouch
Keep your back at around a 90 degree angle
Keep your feet on the ground
Take regular breaks
Sit facing the monitor in a straight line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
4 Monaghan Institute
as an interface between the different hardware devices and the user When the
computer boots up it is the operating system that we see first
Applications Software ndash software which is used to perform specific tasks For
example Word Excel Access and Internet Explorer
112 Evaluate the main components of a computer processing system
ie input output processing and backing store
A computer component is a computer part or hardware These can be divided into two
groups the components inside the tower and the components we can see
Main Components of a Computer Processing System ndash Inside the Tower
a Hard Drive
b CPU Central Processing Unit
c Motherboard
d PSU Power Supply Unit
e RAM Random Access Memory
f Modem
g Video Card
h Network Card
1) Hard Drive
Like the filing cabinet inside your computer This stores all of your
programs and files its size is measured in GB (the more GB the
more you can store) The average size today is upward of
120GB
2) CPU Central Processing Unit
The CPU stands Central Processing Unit - the brain of the computer
This is one of the smallest yet most expensive parts of a PC When
people talk about the speed of a computer they are talking about the
speed of the CPU The CPU interprets the instructions you give the
computer and then carries out the task The speed of a CPU is measured in Mhz and Ghz
(the more Mhz the faster the PC) and the bigger your CPU the faster a computer can work
Manufactures include Intel AMD and IBM
3) Motherboard
This is the main board on the computer All the components slot in or
connect to the motherboard it is a very complicated and intricate
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
5
4) PSU Power Supply Unit
This is where the mains power plugs into the computer It is located at the back of the
computer next to the fan which keeps it cool The PSU has lots of cables connected to it
which can plug into the components on the PC including the CD ROM Hard Drive Fan and
Motherboard
5) RAM Random Access Memory
RAM - stands for Random Access Memory This is a temporary type of
memory used while you are working on your computer (where your work is
saved before you actually save it) It is the memory a computer needs to
run software When you load or run software it goes into RAM If you
type something it also goes into RAM before being saved on the hard disk
When you turn your computer off all the data in RAM is lost The
performance of RAM is measured in MB the more MB of RAM a PC has
the better it can cope with big tasks like having lots of applications open at once if you have
a small amount of RAM the PC will crash and become very slow RAM can be easily added
to a computer to improve its performance
6) Modem
This is what is used to connect a computer to the internet it connects though a phone line
The performance of a modem is measured in KB The speed of modems is limited by
phone lines (that is why we now have broadband)
7) Video Card
A video card sends the picture signals from the
motherboard to the monitor The video card is
inserted into the mother board like the RAM It
interprets what needs to be displayed and passes
the message on to the monitor You can get
powerful 3D cards for games some video cards are
so fast they have to have their own fans
Performance of video cards is measured in MB (the
more lsquoMBrsquo the faster the picture appears) Average
size today is about 64mb
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
6
8) Network Card
Network cards (network interface controller) are used to
connect computers to a computer network all the computers
in the college have a network card so they can talk to each
other The speed of a network card is measured in MB per
second
From MEMORY ndash name 8 of the main components which are found inside the
tower of a computer and state briefly what they do
1) ____________________ ________________________________________________
2) ____________________ ________________________________________________
3) ____________________ ________________________________________________
4) ____________________ ________________________________________________
5) ____________________ ________________________________________________
6) ____________________ ________________________________________________
7) ____________________ ________________________________________________
8) ____________________ ________________________________________________
NOTES
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
7
Main Components of a Computer Processing System ndash We can See
Input and Output
a Input Devices
Any device that is used to enter data into a computer system is called an input device
the following are 9 different types of input device match the numbers with the images
1 Keyboard
2 Mouse
3 Graphics Tablet
4 Microphone
5 Digital Camera
6 Scanner
7 TouchPad
8 TrackerBall
9 Joystick
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
7
b Output Devices
An output device is any device that is used to present data in a usable form from a
computer system is called an OUTPUT device The output may be permanent (on paper) or
may be temporary (on screen) There are many different types of OUTPUT device each
one designed to provide an efficient way of retrieving the DATA
Match the following descriptions with the name of the output device
a) Laser Printer
b) Data Projector
c) Headphones
d) Speakers
e) Inkjet Printer
f) Monitor VDU
Visual Display Unit ndash used for displaying the picture outputted from the graphics
card
Used to output noise from the computer also consider buzzers and alarms eg
burglar alarm
This printer has a print head which fires small jets of ink at the paper Head
consists of a line of jets similar to the dot matrix 600 dpi (data pixels per inch) 3
colours are magenta cyan and yellow
This printer works like a photocopier A laser beam scans the document and
then the toner is fused to the paper to form an image
Uses light bulbs to project an image which is sent from the computer to the wall
of the classroom
Just like speakers but the noise does not distract others in the same room
113 Distinguish between the various types of computer
a Mainframe
Mainframe computers are used by very large corporations and have large computing
power and storage space Modern mainframes tend to be about the size of a large
storage cabinet These computers would be stored in a special room with a large
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
8
number of terminals connected to them These computers are very powerful and
process data very quickly Main frames are very expensive and are therefore only used
by large corporations
b Mini
Mini computers have a similar arrangement to mainframe computers but are smaller ndash
typically the size of a small filing cabinet These would be used in situations where the
large power and storage of a mainframe was not required This type of computer is not
nearly as expensive as a mainframe but still retains a lot of the mainframe features
Mini computers are typically found in sizable companies
c Micro (desktop notebook palmtop)
Micro computers are by far the most common type of computer They are commonly
referred to as a PC (Personal Computer) The modern micro computer is as powerful as
a mainframe was a number of years ago they are relatively cheap and have a vast
number of programs available for them They are fast and have large storage and are
used in a wide variety of businesses there is a PC in most homes today
Dumb Terminals
Mainframe Computer
NOTES
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
9
114 Evaluate the use of various input devices with reference to specific
application eg
a Keyboard
Keyboards are one of the two basic components used for data entry Keyboards use the
Qwerty typing layout similar to typewriters Keyboards usually also have a number
keypad to the right which can be used to enter numeric data
b Mouse
c Touch sensitive screen
d Microphone (voice data entry)
e Scanner
In computing an image scannermdashoften abbreviated to
just scannermdashis a device that optically scans images printed
text handwriting or an object and converts it to a digital
image Common examples found in offices are variations of
the desktop (or flatbed) scanner where the document is placed
on a glass window for scanning
f Smart Cards
A smart card chip card or integrated
circuit card (ICC) is any pocket-sized
card with embedded integrated circuits
A smart card or microprocessor cards
contain volatile memory and
microprocessor components The card
is made of plastic
Keyboard demonstration notes Write at least one keyboard shortcut
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
10
g Sensors eg alarms climate control
A sensor also called detector is a device that
measures a physical quantity and converts it into
a signal which can be read by an observer or by
an instrument Sensors are used in everyday
objects such as touch-sensitive elevator buttons
(tactile sensor) and lamps which dim or brighten
by touching the base There are also innumerable
applications for sensors of which most people are never aware Applications include cars
machines aerospace medicine manufacturing and robotics A sensor is a device which
receives and responds to a signal
Sensors are used in alarms and in climate control to detect changes and computers can
react according to the changes appropriately for eg Fire alarm burglar alarm air
conditioning and a refrigerator
115 Evaluate the use of various output devices with reference to specific
applications eg
a Printers (impact and non-impact)
An impact printer forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper by striking a
mechanism against an ink ribbon that physically contacts the paper Impact printers are
noisy and they do not print very good quality work Impact printers use a print head
containing a number of metal pins which strike an inked ribbon placed between the print
head and the paper
Nonimpact printers form characters and graphics on a piece of paper without actually
striking the paper Some of these printers use heat and pressure to create images and
some spray ink Nonimpact printers are much quieter than impact printers because they do
not strike the paper Three types of nonimpact printers that are used most often are ink-jet
printers laser printers and thermal printers The term nonimpact is important primarily in
that it distinguishes quiet printers from noisy (impact) printers
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
11
Impact Printers Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages
1 Multiple copying depth- more than one page can be printed at the same time
2 No toner cartridge therefore cleaner
Disadvantage
1 They make so much noise that nobody wants them near
2 If tractor driven the perforated edge is a hassle
3 Separating the sheet forms
4 No printing on back
5 No collating
b Plotters
A plotter is a device that draws pictures on paper based on commands from a computer
Plotters differ from printers in that they draw lines using a pen they work by moving
a pen across the surface of a piece of paper As a result they can produce continuous
lines Which means that plotters are restricted to line art whereas other printers can
only simulate lines by printing a closely spaced series of dots Multicolour plotters use
different-coloured pens to draw different colons
They are often slow because of the mechanical movement of the pens and incapable of
efficiently creating a solid region of colour In general plotters are considerably more
expensive than printers They are used in engineering applications where precision is
mandatory
c Monitors
A monitor or display (visual display unit) is an electronic visual display for computers
The monitor comprises the display device circuitry and an enclosure The display
device in modern monitors is typically a thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-
LCD) thin panel while older monitors use a cathode ray tube about as deep as the
screen size
Originally computer monitors were used for data processing while television receivers
were used for entertainment From the 1980s onwards computers (and their monitors)
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
12
have been used for both data processing and entertainment while televisions have
implemented some computer functionality
d Disks (magnetic optical and memory cards)
The normal method of storing programs and information on a computer is on a magnetic
disk or optical disk Later we will discuss the most common types of storage in SLO
118
Magnetic Disk
The data in this device is stored on a magnetic tape in the same way as an audio tape
ie sequentially In order to retrieve data from the tape it is necessary to go to the exact
point on the tape where the piece of data is stored The technology associated with tape
storage has developed and write speeds up to 15 Mbps However read speed is greatly
affected by the time taken to find the required data Therefore this type of storage
device is usually only used for archival storage
Optical Disk
Normally referred to as CDs and consist of an optical surface on to which the data is
burned using a laser beam The data is read from the disc using a laser The DVD is a
variation of the CD Discs are now available that may be reused and these are referred
to as rewritable RW discs CDs normally hold about 650 MB
Memory Cards
This is a small memory device that is used in a variety of digital equipment such as PDAs
digital cameras laptops and USBs etc It is simply an amount of RAM which may be
plugged in and out of the unit it is used in These devices are also referred to as flash
cards or memory sticks Readwrite speed is usually less than 20 Mbps
e Speakers
Computer speakers or multimedia speakers are
speakers external to a computer which disable the
lower fidelity built-in speaker and omit sound They
often have a low-power internal amplifier Computer
speakers range widely in quality and in price The
computer speakers typically packaged with computer
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
13
systems are small plastic and have mediocre sound quality Some computer speakers
have equalization features such as bass and treble controls Speakers can come in a va
rity of different formats ndash buzzers bells and speakers
116 Identify the specifications of a range of office and business equipment
eg fax telephone photocopier
Fax (short for facsimile) sometimes called telecopying
is the telephonic transmission of scanned printed material
(both text and images) normally to a telephone number
connected to a printer or other output device The original
document is scanned with a fax machine which
processes the contents as a single fixed graphic image
converting it into a bitmap The information is then transmitted as electrical signals
through the telephone system The receiving fax machine reconverts the coded image
printing a paper copy
Telephone
The telephone is a telecommunications device that transmits and receives sound most
commonly the human voice Telephones are a point-to-point communication system
whose most basic function is to allow two people separated by large distances to talk to
each other It is one of the most common appliances in the developed world and has
long been considered indispensable to businesses households and governments The
word telephone has been adapted to many languages and is widely recognized around
the world
All telephones have a microphone to speak into an earphone which reproduces the
voice of the other person a ringer which makes a sound to alert the owner when a call is
coming in and a keypad
Photocopier
A photocopier is a machine that makes paper copies of documents and other visual
images quickly and cheaply Most current photocopiers use a technology called
xerography a dry process using heat
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
14
117 Distinguish between the various types of printers and plotters and outline
their advantages and disadvantages
Introduction to Printers
Deciding what kind of printer you want to purchase -- inkjet laser or multifunction -- can
be frustrating and confusing There are so many types and brands of printers to choose
from at all prices and just like computers new models seem to be introduced on a
monthly basis How can the average consumer make an informed choice
In order to make sense of it all we offer the following tips
What do you need the printer to do
This is probably the most important question to answer If you just need to occasionally
print out documents such as letters copies of Web pages from the Internet or simple
spreadsheets a low-end inkjet or laser printer is fine If you need to do presentations or
high quality photographs you want a photo printer If you print over 100 pages on a daily
basis and dont need color you may want to look at the faster laser printers And of
course if you are starting a home business and you need a combination of scanner
printer copier and fax machine a multifunction printer is best
Factors to Consider
Other important factors to be considered before purchasing a printer are
1 Resolution - the number of dots a printer prints in a square inch (over 1440 dpi is
good) Choose a higher end model with a higher resolution if you will be printing lots
of presentation-quality text graphics and photos
2 Operating Cost - Calculate the cost of replacement ink cartridges and paper
because printer users must continually purchase more ink cartridges and toner when
the old ones run out or dry up Be aware that the cost of paper toner and ink can
amount to more than the original cost of the printer within a year or so
3 Speed - the volume of printout (pages per minute) is essential if you are printing large
numbers of documents in black and white
4 Size of the printout - will you be printing on oversized or non-standard paper heavy
card stock blueprints transparencies etc Then choose a printer whose paper path
is no sharper than 90 degrees to allow printing on various types of media without
jamming
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
15
5 Photo Quality - Specialty color printers that have photo lab quality are essential if
you are looking for a printer that can print high-resolution images on photo paper
6 Digital camera cards and Memory Sticks - does the printer need to have built-in
slots for these de vices
7 Network enabled - will you be connecting the new printer to a home or office
network
8 Image processing - Processing images takes a lot of power so printers often have
as much computing horsepower and memory as a PC Some printers form the
complete image in memory prior to printing it which allows them to handle large files
quickly
9 Ease of use - how easy is the printer setup process
10 Compatibility - The newer printers are all USB-compatible which means they will
work for Windows 982000XP and with Mac System 81 or higher
11 Warranty - be sure to purchase a printer that includes a manufacturers andor store
warranty (at least 90 days)
The four main different types of printers are
Ink-jet Printers
Laser Printers
Dot-Matrix Printers
Multifunctional
Normally home computer users will use ink-jets as they are relatively cheap but superior
in quality to dot-matrix Laser jets and other printers created by new technology are
more expensive and more commonly found in the offices
Dot Matrix
Impact (Dot-matrix) printers use a set of closely
spaced pins and a ribbon to print letters or other
characters on a page These printers actually impact
the page to print a character much like a typewriter
Dot-matrix printers vary in terms of speed and the
number of pins they have They can run at a speed
anywhere between 50 and 500 CPS (Characters Per Second) The number of pins which
can vary between 9 to 24 determines the quality of the print job Dot matrix printers are
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
16
commonly used for printing invoices purchase orders shipping forms labels and other
multi-part forms Dot matrix printers can print through multi-part forms in a single pass
allowing them to produce more pages than even high-speed laser printers
Inkjet
Ink-jets(bubble-jets) printers spray ionized tiny drops of ink onto a
page to create an image This is achieved by using magnetized
plates which direct the inks path onto the paper in the desired
pattern Almost all ink-jets offer a color option as standard in varying
degrees of resolution Ink-jet printers are capable of producing high quality print which
almost matches the quality of a laser printer A standard ink-jet printer has a resolution of
300 dots per inch although newer models have improved on that As a rule color link-jet
printers can also be used as a regular black and white printer
When a Color Inkjet Printer is the Best Choice
Ink jets are a good choice if you are looking for high quality color photo output for a
reasonable price Prices start at around euro150
First youll need to decide on the type of machine you want a standard ink jet for
reasonable photos and a low purchase price or a photo ink jet for superior photo quality
All of the top models offer 4800-by-1200-dpi resolution but they vary quite a bit in terms
of printing speed
Choose an inkjet printer based on the cost of replacement ink cartridges and not on the
cost of the printer Over time ink and paper costs can exceed the cost of the printer
several times over Avoid single-cartridge printers which only come with a color cartridge
that cant print true color It is more cost effective to purchase a color inkjet with multiple
color cartridges (CMYK) so they can be replaced individually
Another cost saving tip Leaving any inkjet idle for even a week or two can allow the ink in
the tiny tubes that feed the nozzles to dry The resulting clogs cause streaks and other
anomalies in your pictures To avoid clogs print at least once a week Some printers run
a maintenance routine on startup meaning that you can keep the nozzles clear simply by
turning your printer on and off once a week Check your devices manual to see whether it
has this feature
LaserJet
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
17
Laser printers operate by shining a laser beam to produce an image on a
drum The drum is then rolled through a pool or reservoir or toner and the
electrically charged portions of the drum pick up ink Finally using a
combination of heat and pressure the ink on the drum is transferred onto the
page Laser printers print very fast and the supply cartridges work a long time Color laser
printers use the same toner-based printing process as black and white ( BW) laser
printers except that they combine four different toner colors Color laser printers can also
be used as a regular black and white laser printer
When to Choose a Laser Printer
If you do a lot of document printing dont use an inkjet printer Use a laser printer Laser
printers cost more to buy but much less to use - they are very cost effective to operate
since their toner cartridges are not replaced as often
With all costs figured in each document page printed on a typical laser printer costs from
2 cents to 5 cents on an inkjet the cost per page can run from 10 cents to 15 cents
depending on the model (This does not even count the cost of photo printing which can
cost up to a eurp per page on an inkjet when you include the high cost of photo paper and
the additional ink thats used in that mode)
Plotters
Plotters are large-scale printers that are very accurate at reproducing line drawings They
are commonly used for technical drawings such as engineering drawings or architectural
blueprints The two basic types of plotters are called flatbed plotters and drum plotters
Flatbed plotters are horizontally aligned with a flat surface to which a piece of paper is
attached The paper remains stationary and the printer moves pens across the paper to
draw the image Drum plotters also called upright plotters are vertically positioned They
have a drum that the paper rolls on Drum plotters
usually make more noise and are more compact than
flatbed plotters
Digital Photo printers
Many middle range printers
are now able to print photo
quality images Usually an
option with color printers specialist photo print
heads allow a greater resolution to be achieved to
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
18
improve photo image quality Photo ink jet printers expand their gamuts by
adding additional ink colors usually light cyan and light magenta
Network printer is a printer that provides output capabilities to
all network users
Multifunction printers combine top-quality color
ink-jet or laser printing with plain-paper and PC faxing color copying and
color scanning telephoning- all in one convenient space-saving machine
If you work from home or have a small office a multifunctional device may be ideal
Name 10 of the factors you should consider when deciding on which printer
you would buy
1) ___________________________
2) ___________________________
3) ___________________________
4) ___________________________
5) ___________________________
6) ___________________________
7) ___________________________
8) ___________________________
9) ___________________________
10) __________________________
What is the difference between a Laser Printer and an Inkjet Printer
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
19
118 Identify the various backing store devices and their associated media and
outline their advantages and disadvantages eg
Floppy Disk
Hard Disk
Optical Disk
Magnetic Tape
Memory CardStick
Magnetic Disks
119 Describe the main parts of a small network eg gateway router hub
server etc
Distinguish between a LAN and a WAN
A computer network is a number of computers linked together to allow them to share
resources Networked computers can share hardware (such as a printer) software
and data
There are two types of network
LAN - Local Area Network
WAN - Wide Area Network
Local Area Network (LAN)
A LAN is a Local Area Network covering a small area such as one building eg in a
school or a college Within a LAN computers and other hardware devices are
connected to the file server This allows the computers to share resources
Wide Area Network (WAN)
A WAN is a Wide Area Network covering a large geographical area
Within a WAN many terminals are connected to the
host computers This allows networks to be cover a
large geographical area
1 The Internet is a WAN
2 A network of bank cash dispensers is a WAN
3 A school network is a LAN
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
20
LANs are often connected to WANs for example a school network could be
connected to the Internet
Identify the components necessary to connect a computer to an Internet
Provider
To connect a computer to the internet you need
1 A computer
2 A telephone line
3 A modem
4 An account with an ISP (Internet Service Provider)
5 Browser software ndash a program which lets you connect to the internet eg
Internet Explorer or Firefox
1110 Distinguish between systems and applications software
See presentation notes
1111 Describe the major functions carried out by an operating system eg
a Providing the user interface
b Scheduling resources amongst users
c Reporting errors to the user
d File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
e Controlling operations of peripheral devices
f Running required software
g Memory management
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
21
File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
Explain the terms file folderdirectory drive
A file is usually a document created in Excel Word or any other program which we have saved onto our computer For example you may have created a file which is a memo about a meeting A folder is usually some where we have saved a file or lots of files It is important to save files in folders related to the content of the file A drive is where the actual location of the stored files and folders are Think of this as the filing cabinet the lsquoMy Documentsrsquo folder is usually saved on the C Drive of a computer
Memo To J Vincent From S Sanghera Re Meeting Please bring your notes with you
Safety Meetings Folder
File
Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
22
Explain what it means to format a disk
Formatting a disk means permanently deleting all the information on the disk or USB and making it blank To format a floppy disk or a USB go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the disk or drive and select lsquoFormatrsquo When you click on lsquoFormatrsquo you will be asked if you are sure you want to lsquoFormatrsquo if you select lsquoOKrsquo the computer will format the disk for you
Note Do not format a disk or drive unless you are sure you want to permanently delete all the information on it
The E Drive is where I have saved my work (USB memory)
These are folders in the E drive
These are files in the folder Year 7 which is saved on the E Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
23
Explain storage capacity
The storage capacity of a memory device is how much information it can hold To find the storage capacity of any drive which is part of your computer or attached to your computer go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the drive or device and go to lsquoPropertiesrsquo
From the lsquoPropertiesrsquo window you will see the overall capacity (size) of the drive and the lsquoUsedrsquo and lsquoFreersquo space available on that drive
Memory Size
Computer memory and disk space is measured by the number of bytes or characters
it is capable of holding Since these numbers are very large the terms kilobyte (KB)
megabyte (MB) and gigabyte (GB) are used
1KB = approximately 1000 bytes (1024 exactly)
1MB = approximately 1000000 bytes (1048576 exactly)
1GB = approximately 1000000000 bytes (1073741824 exactly)
Recognise the ability of computers to communicate with one another
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
24
Computers communicate
with each other via a
network or the internet The
Internet or is a global
network connecting millions
of computers In order for a
computer to connect to
another computer on the
internet the computer must
first have a modem
The modem converts the signals from digital to analogue and sends or receives the
information through the broadband or phone line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
25
Outline the main points of the Data Protection Act
Data protection is about your fundamental right to privacy You can access and
correct data about yourself Those who keep data about you have to comply with data
protection principles
What is data protection
When you give your personal details to an organisation or individual they have a duty to keep these details private and safe This process is known as data protection We refer to organisations or individuals who control the contents and use of your personal details as lsquodata controllersrsquo
Most of us give information about ourselves to groups such as Government bodies banks insurance companies medical professionals and telephone companies to use their services or meet certain conditions Organisations or individuals can also get information about us from other sources Under data protection law you have rights regarding the use of these personal details and data controllers have certain responsibilities in how they handle this information
What are my rights
You have a range of rights when a person or organisation takes and records your personal details Please read this section carefully to make sure that you are aware of your rights
1 Right to have your details used in line with data protection regulations 2 Right to information about your personal details 3 Right to access your personal details 4 Right to know if your personal details are being held 5 Right to change or remove your details 6 Right to prevent use of your personal details 7 Right to remove your details from a direct marketing list 8 Right to object 9 Right to freedom from automated decision making 10 Right to refuse direct marketing calls or mail
Reference wwwirishstatutebookie1988
Reference wwwbbccoukbitesize
Connect with power supply following appropriate safety procedures
Switch on and boot up computer using procedures appropriate to the system
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
26
Turn on the computer at the power button
Ensure your monitor is switched on
Shut down the system using appropriate procedures
Go to Start gt Turn Off Computer gt Turn Off
When the computer is off turn off the power at the plug
Operate computer with due attention to safety procedures
Donrsquot slouch
Keep your back at around a 90 degree angle
Keep your feet on the ground
Take regular breaks
Sit facing the monitor in a straight line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
5
4) PSU Power Supply Unit
This is where the mains power plugs into the computer It is located at the back of the
computer next to the fan which keeps it cool The PSU has lots of cables connected to it
which can plug into the components on the PC including the CD ROM Hard Drive Fan and
Motherboard
5) RAM Random Access Memory
RAM - stands for Random Access Memory This is a temporary type of
memory used while you are working on your computer (where your work is
saved before you actually save it) It is the memory a computer needs to
run software When you load or run software it goes into RAM If you
type something it also goes into RAM before being saved on the hard disk
When you turn your computer off all the data in RAM is lost The
performance of RAM is measured in MB the more MB of RAM a PC has
the better it can cope with big tasks like having lots of applications open at once if you have
a small amount of RAM the PC will crash and become very slow RAM can be easily added
to a computer to improve its performance
6) Modem
This is what is used to connect a computer to the internet it connects though a phone line
The performance of a modem is measured in KB The speed of modems is limited by
phone lines (that is why we now have broadband)
7) Video Card
A video card sends the picture signals from the
motherboard to the monitor The video card is
inserted into the mother board like the RAM It
interprets what needs to be displayed and passes
the message on to the monitor You can get
powerful 3D cards for games some video cards are
so fast they have to have their own fans
Performance of video cards is measured in MB (the
more lsquoMBrsquo the faster the picture appears) Average
size today is about 64mb
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
6
8) Network Card
Network cards (network interface controller) are used to
connect computers to a computer network all the computers
in the college have a network card so they can talk to each
other The speed of a network card is measured in MB per
second
From MEMORY ndash name 8 of the main components which are found inside the
tower of a computer and state briefly what they do
1) ____________________ ________________________________________________
2) ____________________ ________________________________________________
3) ____________________ ________________________________________________
4) ____________________ ________________________________________________
5) ____________________ ________________________________________________
6) ____________________ ________________________________________________
7) ____________________ ________________________________________________
8) ____________________ ________________________________________________
NOTES
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
7
Main Components of a Computer Processing System ndash We can See
Input and Output
a Input Devices
Any device that is used to enter data into a computer system is called an input device
the following are 9 different types of input device match the numbers with the images
1 Keyboard
2 Mouse
3 Graphics Tablet
4 Microphone
5 Digital Camera
6 Scanner
7 TouchPad
8 TrackerBall
9 Joystick
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
7
b Output Devices
An output device is any device that is used to present data in a usable form from a
computer system is called an OUTPUT device The output may be permanent (on paper) or
may be temporary (on screen) There are many different types of OUTPUT device each
one designed to provide an efficient way of retrieving the DATA
Match the following descriptions with the name of the output device
a) Laser Printer
b) Data Projector
c) Headphones
d) Speakers
e) Inkjet Printer
f) Monitor VDU
Visual Display Unit ndash used for displaying the picture outputted from the graphics
card
Used to output noise from the computer also consider buzzers and alarms eg
burglar alarm
This printer has a print head which fires small jets of ink at the paper Head
consists of a line of jets similar to the dot matrix 600 dpi (data pixels per inch) 3
colours are magenta cyan and yellow
This printer works like a photocopier A laser beam scans the document and
then the toner is fused to the paper to form an image
Uses light bulbs to project an image which is sent from the computer to the wall
of the classroom
Just like speakers but the noise does not distract others in the same room
113 Distinguish between the various types of computer
a Mainframe
Mainframe computers are used by very large corporations and have large computing
power and storage space Modern mainframes tend to be about the size of a large
storage cabinet These computers would be stored in a special room with a large
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
8
number of terminals connected to them These computers are very powerful and
process data very quickly Main frames are very expensive and are therefore only used
by large corporations
b Mini
Mini computers have a similar arrangement to mainframe computers but are smaller ndash
typically the size of a small filing cabinet These would be used in situations where the
large power and storage of a mainframe was not required This type of computer is not
nearly as expensive as a mainframe but still retains a lot of the mainframe features
Mini computers are typically found in sizable companies
c Micro (desktop notebook palmtop)
Micro computers are by far the most common type of computer They are commonly
referred to as a PC (Personal Computer) The modern micro computer is as powerful as
a mainframe was a number of years ago they are relatively cheap and have a vast
number of programs available for them They are fast and have large storage and are
used in a wide variety of businesses there is a PC in most homes today
Dumb Terminals
Mainframe Computer
NOTES
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
9
114 Evaluate the use of various input devices with reference to specific
application eg
a Keyboard
Keyboards are one of the two basic components used for data entry Keyboards use the
Qwerty typing layout similar to typewriters Keyboards usually also have a number
keypad to the right which can be used to enter numeric data
b Mouse
c Touch sensitive screen
d Microphone (voice data entry)
e Scanner
In computing an image scannermdashoften abbreviated to
just scannermdashis a device that optically scans images printed
text handwriting or an object and converts it to a digital
image Common examples found in offices are variations of
the desktop (or flatbed) scanner where the document is placed
on a glass window for scanning
f Smart Cards
A smart card chip card or integrated
circuit card (ICC) is any pocket-sized
card with embedded integrated circuits
A smart card or microprocessor cards
contain volatile memory and
microprocessor components The card
is made of plastic
Keyboard demonstration notes Write at least one keyboard shortcut
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
10
g Sensors eg alarms climate control
A sensor also called detector is a device that
measures a physical quantity and converts it into
a signal which can be read by an observer or by
an instrument Sensors are used in everyday
objects such as touch-sensitive elevator buttons
(tactile sensor) and lamps which dim or brighten
by touching the base There are also innumerable
applications for sensors of which most people are never aware Applications include cars
machines aerospace medicine manufacturing and robotics A sensor is a device which
receives and responds to a signal
Sensors are used in alarms and in climate control to detect changes and computers can
react according to the changes appropriately for eg Fire alarm burglar alarm air
conditioning and a refrigerator
115 Evaluate the use of various output devices with reference to specific
applications eg
a Printers (impact and non-impact)
An impact printer forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper by striking a
mechanism against an ink ribbon that physically contacts the paper Impact printers are
noisy and they do not print very good quality work Impact printers use a print head
containing a number of metal pins which strike an inked ribbon placed between the print
head and the paper
Nonimpact printers form characters and graphics on a piece of paper without actually
striking the paper Some of these printers use heat and pressure to create images and
some spray ink Nonimpact printers are much quieter than impact printers because they do
not strike the paper Three types of nonimpact printers that are used most often are ink-jet
printers laser printers and thermal printers The term nonimpact is important primarily in
that it distinguishes quiet printers from noisy (impact) printers
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
11
Impact Printers Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages
1 Multiple copying depth- more than one page can be printed at the same time
2 No toner cartridge therefore cleaner
Disadvantage
1 They make so much noise that nobody wants them near
2 If tractor driven the perforated edge is a hassle
3 Separating the sheet forms
4 No printing on back
5 No collating
b Plotters
A plotter is a device that draws pictures on paper based on commands from a computer
Plotters differ from printers in that they draw lines using a pen they work by moving
a pen across the surface of a piece of paper As a result they can produce continuous
lines Which means that plotters are restricted to line art whereas other printers can
only simulate lines by printing a closely spaced series of dots Multicolour plotters use
different-coloured pens to draw different colons
They are often slow because of the mechanical movement of the pens and incapable of
efficiently creating a solid region of colour In general plotters are considerably more
expensive than printers They are used in engineering applications where precision is
mandatory
c Monitors
A monitor or display (visual display unit) is an electronic visual display for computers
The monitor comprises the display device circuitry and an enclosure The display
device in modern monitors is typically a thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-
LCD) thin panel while older monitors use a cathode ray tube about as deep as the
screen size
Originally computer monitors were used for data processing while television receivers
were used for entertainment From the 1980s onwards computers (and their monitors)
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
12
have been used for both data processing and entertainment while televisions have
implemented some computer functionality
d Disks (magnetic optical and memory cards)
The normal method of storing programs and information on a computer is on a magnetic
disk or optical disk Later we will discuss the most common types of storage in SLO
118
Magnetic Disk
The data in this device is stored on a magnetic tape in the same way as an audio tape
ie sequentially In order to retrieve data from the tape it is necessary to go to the exact
point on the tape where the piece of data is stored The technology associated with tape
storage has developed and write speeds up to 15 Mbps However read speed is greatly
affected by the time taken to find the required data Therefore this type of storage
device is usually only used for archival storage
Optical Disk
Normally referred to as CDs and consist of an optical surface on to which the data is
burned using a laser beam The data is read from the disc using a laser The DVD is a
variation of the CD Discs are now available that may be reused and these are referred
to as rewritable RW discs CDs normally hold about 650 MB
Memory Cards
This is a small memory device that is used in a variety of digital equipment such as PDAs
digital cameras laptops and USBs etc It is simply an amount of RAM which may be
plugged in and out of the unit it is used in These devices are also referred to as flash
cards or memory sticks Readwrite speed is usually less than 20 Mbps
e Speakers
Computer speakers or multimedia speakers are
speakers external to a computer which disable the
lower fidelity built-in speaker and omit sound They
often have a low-power internal amplifier Computer
speakers range widely in quality and in price The
computer speakers typically packaged with computer
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
13
systems are small plastic and have mediocre sound quality Some computer speakers
have equalization features such as bass and treble controls Speakers can come in a va
rity of different formats ndash buzzers bells and speakers
116 Identify the specifications of a range of office and business equipment
eg fax telephone photocopier
Fax (short for facsimile) sometimes called telecopying
is the telephonic transmission of scanned printed material
(both text and images) normally to a telephone number
connected to a printer or other output device The original
document is scanned with a fax machine which
processes the contents as a single fixed graphic image
converting it into a bitmap The information is then transmitted as electrical signals
through the telephone system The receiving fax machine reconverts the coded image
printing a paper copy
Telephone
The telephone is a telecommunications device that transmits and receives sound most
commonly the human voice Telephones are a point-to-point communication system
whose most basic function is to allow two people separated by large distances to talk to
each other It is one of the most common appliances in the developed world and has
long been considered indispensable to businesses households and governments The
word telephone has been adapted to many languages and is widely recognized around
the world
All telephones have a microphone to speak into an earphone which reproduces the
voice of the other person a ringer which makes a sound to alert the owner when a call is
coming in and a keypad
Photocopier
A photocopier is a machine that makes paper copies of documents and other visual
images quickly and cheaply Most current photocopiers use a technology called
xerography a dry process using heat
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
14
117 Distinguish between the various types of printers and plotters and outline
their advantages and disadvantages
Introduction to Printers
Deciding what kind of printer you want to purchase -- inkjet laser or multifunction -- can
be frustrating and confusing There are so many types and brands of printers to choose
from at all prices and just like computers new models seem to be introduced on a
monthly basis How can the average consumer make an informed choice
In order to make sense of it all we offer the following tips
What do you need the printer to do
This is probably the most important question to answer If you just need to occasionally
print out documents such as letters copies of Web pages from the Internet or simple
spreadsheets a low-end inkjet or laser printer is fine If you need to do presentations or
high quality photographs you want a photo printer If you print over 100 pages on a daily
basis and dont need color you may want to look at the faster laser printers And of
course if you are starting a home business and you need a combination of scanner
printer copier and fax machine a multifunction printer is best
Factors to Consider
Other important factors to be considered before purchasing a printer are
1 Resolution - the number of dots a printer prints in a square inch (over 1440 dpi is
good) Choose a higher end model with a higher resolution if you will be printing lots
of presentation-quality text graphics and photos
2 Operating Cost - Calculate the cost of replacement ink cartridges and paper
because printer users must continually purchase more ink cartridges and toner when
the old ones run out or dry up Be aware that the cost of paper toner and ink can
amount to more than the original cost of the printer within a year or so
3 Speed - the volume of printout (pages per minute) is essential if you are printing large
numbers of documents in black and white
4 Size of the printout - will you be printing on oversized or non-standard paper heavy
card stock blueprints transparencies etc Then choose a printer whose paper path
is no sharper than 90 degrees to allow printing on various types of media without
jamming
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
15
5 Photo Quality - Specialty color printers that have photo lab quality are essential if
you are looking for a printer that can print high-resolution images on photo paper
6 Digital camera cards and Memory Sticks - does the printer need to have built-in
slots for these de vices
7 Network enabled - will you be connecting the new printer to a home or office
network
8 Image processing - Processing images takes a lot of power so printers often have
as much computing horsepower and memory as a PC Some printers form the
complete image in memory prior to printing it which allows them to handle large files
quickly
9 Ease of use - how easy is the printer setup process
10 Compatibility - The newer printers are all USB-compatible which means they will
work for Windows 982000XP and with Mac System 81 or higher
11 Warranty - be sure to purchase a printer that includes a manufacturers andor store
warranty (at least 90 days)
The four main different types of printers are
Ink-jet Printers
Laser Printers
Dot-Matrix Printers
Multifunctional
Normally home computer users will use ink-jets as they are relatively cheap but superior
in quality to dot-matrix Laser jets and other printers created by new technology are
more expensive and more commonly found in the offices
Dot Matrix
Impact (Dot-matrix) printers use a set of closely
spaced pins and a ribbon to print letters or other
characters on a page These printers actually impact
the page to print a character much like a typewriter
Dot-matrix printers vary in terms of speed and the
number of pins they have They can run at a speed
anywhere between 50 and 500 CPS (Characters Per Second) The number of pins which
can vary between 9 to 24 determines the quality of the print job Dot matrix printers are
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
16
commonly used for printing invoices purchase orders shipping forms labels and other
multi-part forms Dot matrix printers can print through multi-part forms in a single pass
allowing them to produce more pages than even high-speed laser printers
Inkjet
Ink-jets(bubble-jets) printers spray ionized tiny drops of ink onto a
page to create an image This is achieved by using magnetized
plates which direct the inks path onto the paper in the desired
pattern Almost all ink-jets offer a color option as standard in varying
degrees of resolution Ink-jet printers are capable of producing high quality print which
almost matches the quality of a laser printer A standard ink-jet printer has a resolution of
300 dots per inch although newer models have improved on that As a rule color link-jet
printers can also be used as a regular black and white printer
When a Color Inkjet Printer is the Best Choice
Ink jets are a good choice if you are looking for high quality color photo output for a
reasonable price Prices start at around euro150
First youll need to decide on the type of machine you want a standard ink jet for
reasonable photos and a low purchase price or a photo ink jet for superior photo quality
All of the top models offer 4800-by-1200-dpi resolution but they vary quite a bit in terms
of printing speed
Choose an inkjet printer based on the cost of replacement ink cartridges and not on the
cost of the printer Over time ink and paper costs can exceed the cost of the printer
several times over Avoid single-cartridge printers which only come with a color cartridge
that cant print true color It is more cost effective to purchase a color inkjet with multiple
color cartridges (CMYK) so they can be replaced individually
Another cost saving tip Leaving any inkjet idle for even a week or two can allow the ink in
the tiny tubes that feed the nozzles to dry The resulting clogs cause streaks and other
anomalies in your pictures To avoid clogs print at least once a week Some printers run
a maintenance routine on startup meaning that you can keep the nozzles clear simply by
turning your printer on and off once a week Check your devices manual to see whether it
has this feature
LaserJet
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
17
Laser printers operate by shining a laser beam to produce an image on a
drum The drum is then rolled through a pool or reservoir or toner and the
electrically charged portions of the drum pick up ink Finally using a
combination of heat and pressure the ink on the drum is transferred onto the
page Laser printers print very fast and the supply cartridges work a long time Color laser
printers use the same toner-based printing process as black and white ( BW) laser
printers except that they combine four different toner colors Color laser printers can also
be used as a regular black and white laser printer
When to Choose a Laser Printer
If you do a lot of document printing dont use an inkjet printer Use a laser printer Laser
printers cost more to buy but much less to use - they are very cost effective to operate
since their toner cartridges are not replaced as often
With all costs figured in each document page printed on a typical laser printer costs from
2 cents to 5 cents on an inkjet the cost per page can run from 10 cents to 15 cents
depending on the model (This does not even count the cost of photo printing which can
cost up to a eurp per page on an inkjet when you include the high cost of photo paper and
the additional ink thats used in that mode)
Plotters
Plotters are large-scale printers that are very accurate at reproducing line drawings They
are commonly used for technical drawings such as engineering drawings or architectural
blueprints The two basic types of plotters are called flatbed plotters and drum plotters
Flatbed plotters are horizontally aligned with a flat surface to which a piece of paper is
attached The paper remains stationary and the printer moves pens across the paper to
draw the image Drum plotters also called upright plotters are vertically positioned They
have a drum that the paper rolls on Drum plotters
usually make more noise and are more compact than
flatbed plotters
Digital Photo printers
Many middle range printers
are now able to print photo
quality images Usually an
option with color printers specialist photo print
heads allow a greater resolution to be achieved to
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
18
improve photo image quality Photo ink jet printers expand their gamuts by
adding additional ink colors usually light cyan and light magenta
Network printer is a printer that provides output capabilities to
all network users
Multifunction printers combine top-quality color
ink-jet or laser printing with plain-paper and PC faxing color copying and
color scanning telephoning- all in one convenient space-saving machine
If you work from home or have a small office a multifunctional device may be ideal
Name 10 of the factors you should consider when deciding on which printer
you would buy
1) ___________________________
2) ___________________________
3) ___________________________
4) ___________________________
5) ___________________________
6) ___________________________
7) ___________________________
8) ___________________________
9) ___________________________
10) __________________________
What is the difference between a Laser Printer and an Inkjet Printer
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
19
118 Identify the various backing store devices and their associated media and
outline their advantages and disadvantages eg
Floppy Disk
Hard Disk
Optical Disk
Magnetic Tape
Memory CardStick
Magnetic Disks
119 Describe the main parts of a small network eg gateway router hub
server etc
Distinguish between a LAN and a WAN
A computer network is a number of computers linked together to allow them to share
resources Networked computers can share hardware (such as a printer) software
and data
There are two types of network
LAN - Local Area Network
WAN - Wide Area Network
Local Area Network (LAN)
A LAN is a Local Area Network covering a small area such as one building eg in a
school or a college Within a LAN computers and other hardware devices are
connected to the file server This allows the computers to share resources
Wide Area Network (WAN)
A WAN is a Wide Area Network covering a large geographical area
Within a WAN many terminals are connected to the
host computers This allows networks to be cover a
large geographical area
1 The Internet is a WAN
2 A network of bank cash dispensers is a WAN
3 A school network is a LAN
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
20
LANs are often connected to WANs for example a school network could be
connected to the Internet
Identify the components necessary to connect a computer to an Internet
Provider
To connect a computer to the internet you need
1 A computer
2 A telephone line
3 A modem
4 An account with an ISP (Internet Service Provider)
5 Browser software ndash a program which lets you connect to the internet eg
Internet Explorer or Firefox
1110 Distinguish between systems and applications software
See presentation notes
1111 Describe the major functions carried out by an operating system eg
a Providing the user interface
b Scheduling resources amongst users
c Reporting errors to the user
d File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
e Controlling operations of peripheral devices
f Running required software
g Memory management
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
21
File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
Explain the terms file folderdirectory drive
A file is usually a document created in Excel Word or any other program which we have saved onto our computer For example you may have created a file which is a memo about a meeting A folder is usually some where we have saved a file or lots of files It is important to save files in folders related to the content of the file A drive is where the actual location of the stored files and folders are Think of this as the filing cabinet the lsquoMy Documentsrsquo folder is usually saved on the C Drive of a computer
Memo To J Vincent From S Sanghera Re Meeting Please bring your notes with you
Safety Meetings Folder
File
Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
22
Explain what it means to format a disk
Formatting a disk means permanently deleting all the information on the disk or USB and making it blank To format a floppy disk or a USB go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the disk or drive and select lsquoFormatrsquo When you click on lsquoFormatrsquo you will be asked if you are sure you want to lsquoFormatrsquo if you select lsquoOKrsquo the computer will format the disk for you
Note Do not format a disk or drive unless you are sure you want to permanently delete all the information on it
The E Drive is where I have saved my work (USB memory)
These are folders in the E drive
These are files in the folder Year 7 which is saved on the E Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
23
Explain storage capacity
The storage capacity of a memory device is how much information it can hold To find the storage capacity of any drive which is part of your computer or attached to your computer go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the drive or device and go to lsquoPropertiesrsquo
From the lsquoPropertiesrsquo window you will see the overall capacity (size) of the drive and the lsquoUsedrsquo and lsquoFreersquo space available on that drive
Memory Size
Computer memory and disk space is measured by the number of bytes or characters
it is capable of holding Since these numbers are very large the terms kilobyte (KB)
megabyte (MB) and gigabyte (GB) are used
1KB = approximately 1000 bytes (1024 exactly)
1MB = approximately 1000000 bytes (1048576 exactly)
1GB = approximately 1000000000 bytes (1073741824 exactly)
Recognise the ability of computers to communicate with one another
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
24
Computers communicate
with each other via a
network or the internet The
Internet or is a global
network connecting millions
of computers In order for a
computer to connect to
another computer on the
internet the computer must
first have a modem
The modem converts the signals from digital to analogue and sends or receives the
information through the broadband or phone line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
25
Outline the main points of the Data Protection Act
Data protection is about your fundamental right to privacy You can access and
correct data about yourself Those who keep data about you have to comply with data
protection principles
What is data protection
When you give your personal details to an organisation or individual they have a duty to keep these details private and safe This process is known as data protection We refer to organisations or individuals who control the contents and use of your personal details as lsquodata controllersrsquo
Most of us give information about ourselves to groups such as Government bodies banks insurance companies medical professionals and telephone companies to use their services or meet certain conditions Organisations or individuals can also get information about us from other sources Under data protection law you have rights regarding the use of these personal details and data controllers have certain responsibilities in how they handle this information
What are my rights
You have a range of rights when a person or organisation takes and records your personal details Please read this section carefully to make sure that you are aware of your rights
1 Right to have your details used in line with data protection regulations 2 Right to information about your personal details 3 Right to access your personal details 4 Right to know if your personal details are being held 5 Right to change or remove your details 6 Right to prevent use of your personal details 7 Right to remove your details from a direct marketing list 8 Right to object 9 Right to freedom from automated decision making 10 Right to refuse direct marketing calls or mail
Reference wwwirishstatutebookie1988
Reference wwwbbccoukbitesize
Connect with power supply following appropriate safety procedures
Switch on and boot up computer using procedures appropriate to the system
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
26
Turn on the computer at the power button
Ensure your monitor is switched on
Shut down the system using appropriate procedures
Go to Start gt Turn Off Computer gt Turn Off
When the computer is off turn off the power at the plug
Operate computer with due attention to safety procedures
Donrsquot slouch
Keep your back at around a 90 degree angle
Keep your feet on the ground
Take regular breaks
Sit facing the monitor in a straight line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
6
8) Network Card
Network cards (network interface controller) are used to
connect computers to a computer network all the computers
in the college have a network card so they can talk to each
other The speed of a network card is measured in MB per
second
From MEMORY ndash name 8 of the main components which are found inside the
tower of a computer and state briefly what they do
1) ____________________ ________________________________________________
2) ____________________ ________________________________________________
3) ____________________ ________________________________________________
4) ____________________ ________________________________________________
5) ____________________ ________________________________________________
6) ____________________ ________________________________________________
7) ____________________ ________________________________________________
8) ____________________ ________________________________________________
NOTES
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
7
Main Components of a Computer Processing System ndash We can See
Input and Output
a Input Devices
Any device that is used to enter data into a computer system is called an input device
the following are 9 different types of input device match the numbers with the images
1 Keyboard
2 Mouse
3 Graphics Tablet
4 Microphone
5 Digital Camera
6 Scanner
7 TouchPad
8 TrackerBall
9 Joystick
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
7
b Output Devices
An output device is any device that is used to present data in a usable form from a
computer system is called an OUTPUT device The output may be permanent (on paper) or
may be temporary (on screen) There are many different types of OUTPUT device each
one designed to provide an efficient way of retrieving the DATA
Match the following descriptions with the name of the output device
a) Laser Printer
b) Data Projector
c) Headphones
d) Speakers
e) Inkjet Printer
f) Monitor VDU
Visual Display Unit ndash used for displaying the picture outputted from the graphics
card
Used to output noise from the computer also consider buzzers and alarms eg
burglar alarm
This printer has a print head which fires small jets of ink at the paper Head
consists of a line of jets similar to the dot matrix 600 dpi (data pixels per inch) 3
colours are magenta cyan and yellow
This printer works like a photocopier A laser beam scans the document and
then the toner is fused to the paper to form an image
Uses light bulbs to project an image which is sent from the computer to the wall
of the classroom
Just like speakers but the noise does not distract others in the same room
113 Distinguish between the various types of computer
a Mainframe
Mainframe computers are used by very large corporations and have large computing
power and storage space Modern mainframes tend to be about the size of a large
storage cabinet These computers would be stored in a special room with a large
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
8
number of terminals connected to them These computers are very powerful and
process data very quickly Main frames are very expensive and are therefore only used
by large corporations
b Mini
Mini computers have a similar arrangement to mainframe computers but are smaller ndash
typically the size of a small filing cabinet These would be used in situations where the
large power and storage of a mainframe was not required This type of computer is not
nearly as expensive as a mainframe but still retains a lot of the mainframe features
Mini computers are typically found in sizable companies
c Micro (desktop notebook palmtop)
Micro computers are by far the most common type of computer They are commonly
referred to as a PC (Personal Computer) The modern micro computer is as powerful as
a mainframe was a number of years ago they are relatively cheap and have a vast
number of programs available for them They are fast and have large storage and are
used in a wide variety of businesses there is a PC in most homes today
Dumb Terminals
Mainframe Computer
NOTES
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
9
114 Evaluate the use of various input devices with reference to specific
application eg
a Keyboard
Keyboards are one of the two basic components used for data entry Keyboards use the
Qwerty typing layout similar to typewriters Keyboards usually also have a number
keypad to the right which can be used to enter numeric data
b Mouse
c Touch sensitive screen
d Microphone (voice data entry)
e Scanner
In computing an image scannermdashoften abbreviated to
just scannermdashis a device that optically scans images printed
text handwriting or an object and converts it to a digital
image Common examples found in offices are variations of
the desktop (or flatbed) scanner where the document is placed
on a glass window for scanning
f Smart Cards
A smart card chip card or integrated
circuit card (ICC) is any pocket-sized
card with embedded integrated circuits
A smart card or microprocessor cards
contain volatile memory and
microprocessor components The card
is made of plastic
Keyboard demonstration notes Write at least one keyboard shortcut
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
10
g Sensors eg alarms climate control
A sensor also called detector is a device that
measures a physical quantity and converts it into
a signal which can be read by an observer or by
an instrument Sensors are used in everyday
objects such as touch-sensitive elevator buttons
(tactile sensor) and lamps which dim or brighten
by touching the base There are also innumerable
applications for sensors of which most people are never aware Applications include cars
machines aerospace medicine manufacturing and robotics A sensor is a device which
receives and responds to a signal
Sensors are used in alarms and in climate control to detect changes and computers can
react according to the changes appropriately for eg Fire alarm burglar alarm air
conditioning and a refrigerator
115 Evaluate the use of various output devices with reference to specific
applications eg
a Printers (impact and non-impact)
An impact printer forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper by striking a
mechanism against an ink ribbon that physically contacts the paper Impact printers are
noisy and they do not print very good quality work Impact printers use a print head
containing a number of metal pins which strike an inked ribbon placed between the print
head and the paper
Nonimpact printers form characters and graphics on a piece of paper without actually
striking the paper Some of these printers use heat and pressure to create images and
some spray ink Nonimpact printers are much quieter than impact printers because they do
not strike the paper Three types of nonimpact printers that are used most often are ink-jet
printers laser printers and thermal printers The term nonimpact is important primarily in
that it distinguishes quiet printers from noisy (impact) printers
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
11
Impact Printers Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages
1 Multiple copying depth- more than one page can be printed at the same time
2 No toner cartridge therefore cleaner
Disadvantage
1 They make so much noise that nobody wants them near
2 If tractor driven the perforated edge is a hassle
3 Separating the sheet forms
4 No printing on back
5 No collating
b Plotters
A plotter is a device that draws pictures on paper based on commands from a computer
Plotters differ from printers in that they draw lines using a pen they work by moving
a pen across the surface of a piece of paper As a result they can produce continuous
lines Which means that plotters are restricted to line art whereas other printers can
only simulate lines by printing a closely spaced series of dots Multicolour plotters use
different-coloured pens to draw different colons
They are often slow because of the mechanical movement of the pens and incapable of
efficiently creating a solid region of colour In general plotters are considerably more
expensive than printers They are used in engineering applications where precision is
mandatory
c Monitors
A monitor or display (visual display unit) is an electronic visual display for computers
The monitor comprises the display device circuitry and an enclosure The display
device in modern monitors is typically a thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-
LCD) thin panel while older monitors use a cathode ray tube about as deep as the
screen size
Originally computer monitors were used for data processing while television receivers
were used for entertainment From the 1980s onwards computers (and their monitors)
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
12
have been used for both data processing and entertainment while televisions have
implemented some computer functionality
d Disks (magnetic optical and memory cards)
The normal method of storing programs and information on a computer is on a magnetic
disk or optical disk Later we will discuss the most common types of storage in SLO
118
Magnetic Disk
The data in this device is stored on a magnetic tape in the same way as an audio tape
ie sequentially In order to retrieve data from the tape it is necessary to go to the exact
point on the tape where the piece of data is stored The technology associated with tape
storage has developed and write speeds up to 15 Mbps However read speed is greatly
affected by the time taken to find the required data Therefore this type of storage
device is usually only used for archival storage
Optical Disk
Normally referred to as CDs and consist of an optical surface on to which the data is
burned using a laser beam The data is read from the disc using a laser The DVD is a
variation of the CD Discs are now available that may be reused and these are referred
to as rewritable RW discs CDs normally hold about 650 MB
Memory Cards
This is a small memory device that is used in a variety of digital equipment such as PDAs
digital cameras laptops and USBs etc It is simply an amount of RAM which may be
plugged in and out of the unit it is used in These devices are also referred to as flash
cards or memory sticks Readwrite speed is usually less than 20 Mbps
e Speakers
Computer speakers or multimedia speakers are
speakers external to a computer which disable the
lower fidelity built-in speaker and omit sound They
often have a low-power internal amplifier Computer
speakers range widely in quality and in price The
computer speakers typically packaged with computer
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
13
systems are small plastic and have mediocre sound quality Some computer speakers
have equalization features such as bass and treble controls Speakers can come in a va
rity of different formats ndash buzzers bells and speakers
116 Identify the specifications of a range of office and business equipment
eg fax telephone photocopier
Fax (short for facsimile) sometimes called telecopying
is the telephonic transmission of scanned printed material
(both text and images) normally to a telephone number
connected to a printer or other output device The original
document is scanned with a fax machine which
processes the contents as a single fixed graphic image
converting it into a bitmap The information is then transmitted as electrical signals
through the telephone system The receiving fax machine reconverts the coded image
printing a paper copy
Telephone
The telephone is a telecommunications device that transmits and receives sound most
commonly the human voice Telephones are a point-to-point communication system
whose most basic function is to allow two people separated by large distances to talk to
each other It is one of the most common appliances in the developed world and has
long been considered indispensable to businesses households and governments The
word telephone has been adapted to many languages and is widely recognized around
the world
All telephones have a microphone to speak into an earphone which reproduces the
voice of the other person a ringer which makes a sound to alert the owner when a call is
coming in and a keypad
Photocopier
A photocopier is a machine that makes paper copies of documents and other visual
images quickly and cheaply Most current photocopiers use a technology called
xerography a dry process using heat
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
14
117 Distinguish between the various types of printers and plotters and outline
their advantages and disadvantages
Introduction to Printers
Deciding what kind of printer you want to purchase -- inkjet laser or multifunction -- can
be frustrating and confusing There are so many types and brands of printers to choose
from at all prices and just like computers new models seem to be introduced on a
monthly basis How can the average consumer make an informed choice
In order to make sense of it all we offer the following tips
What do you need the printer to do
This is probably the most important question to answer If you just need to occasionally
print out documents such as letters copies of Web pages from the Internet or simple
spreadsheets a low-end inkjet or laser printer is fine If you need to do presentations or
high quality photographs you want a photo printer If you print over 100 pages on a daily
basis and dont need color you may want to look at the faster laser printers And of
course if you are starting a home business and you need a combination of scanner
printer copier and fax machine a multifunction printer is best
Factors to Consider
Other important factors to be considered before purchasing a printer are
1 Resolution - the number of dots a printer prints in a square inch (over 1440 dpi is
good) Choose a higher end model with a higher resolution if you will be printing lots
of presentation-quality text graphics and photos
2 Operating Cost - Calculate the cost of replacement ink cartridges and paper
because printer users must continually purchase more ink cartridges and toner when
the old ones run out or dry up Be aware that the cost of paper toner and ink can
amount to more than the original cost of the printer within a year or so
3 Speed - the volume of printout (pages per minute) is essential if you are printing large
numbers of documents in black and white
4 Size of the printout - will you be printing on oversized or non-standard paper heavy
card stock blueprints transparencies etc Then choose a printer whose paper path
is no sharper than 90 degrees to allow printing on various types of media without
jamming
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
15
5 Photo Quality - Specialty color printers that have photo lab quality are essential if
you are looking for a printer that can print high-resolution images on photo paper
6 Digital camera cards and Memory Sticks - does the printer need to have built-in
slots for these de vices
7 Network enabled - will you be connecting the new printer to a home or office
network
8 Image processing - Processing images takes a lot of power so printers often have
as much computing horsepower and memory as a PC Some printers form the
complete image in memory prior to printing it which allows them to handle large files
quickly
9 Ease of use - how easy is the printer setup process
10 Compatibility - The newer printers are all USB-compatible which means they will
work for Windows 982000XP and with Mac System 81 or higher
11 Warranty - be sure to purchase a printer that includes a manufacturers andor store
warranty (at least 90 days)
The four main different types of printers are
Ink-jet Printers
Laser Printers
Dot-Matrix Printers
Multifunctional
Normally home computer users will use ink-jets as they are relatively cheap but superior
in quality to dot-matrix Laser jets and other printers created by new technology are
more expensive and more commonly found in the offices
Dot Matrix
Impact (Dot-matrix) printers use a set of closely
spaced pins and a ribbon to print letters or other
characters on a page These printers actually impact
the page to print a character much like a typewriter
Dot-matrix printers vary in terms of speed and the
number of pins they have They can run at a speed
anywhere between 50 and 500 CPS (Characters Per Second) The number of pins which
can vary between 9 to 24 determines the quality of the print job Dot matrix printers are
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
16
commonly used for printing invoices purchase orders shipping forms labels and other
multi-part forms Dot matrix printers can print through multi-part forms in a single pass
allowing them to produce more pages than even high-speed laser printers
Inkjet
Ink-jets(bubble-jets) printers spray ionized tiny drops of ink onto a
page to create an image This is achieved by using magnetized
plates which direct the inks path onto the paper in the desired
pattern Almost all ink-jets offer a color option as standard in varying
degrees of resolution Ink-jet printers are capable of producing high quality print which
almost matches the quality of a laser printer A standard ink-jet printer has a resolution of
300 dots per inch although newer models have improved on that As a rule color link-jet
printers can also be used as a regular black and white printer
When a Color Inkjet Printer is the Best Choice
Ink jets are a good choice if you are looking for high quality color photo output for a
reasonable price Prices start at around euro150
First youll need to decide on the type of machine you want a standard ink jet for
reasonable photos and a low purchase price or a photo ink jet for superior photo quality
All of the top models offer 4800-by-1200-dpi resolution but they vary quite a bit in terms
of printing speed
Choose an inkjet printer based on the cost of replacement ink cartridges and not on the
cost of the printer Over time ink and paper costs can exceed the cost of the printer
several times over Avoid single-cartridge printers which only come with a color cartridge
that cant print true color It is more cost effective to purchase a color inkjet with multiple
color cartridges (CMYK) so they can be replaced individually
Another cost saving tip Leaving any inkjet idle for even a week or two can allow the ink in
the tiny tubes that feed the nozzles to dry The resulting clogs cause streaks and other
anomalies in your pictures To avoid clogs print at least once a week Some printers run
a maintenance routine on startup meaning that you can keep the nozzles clear simply by
turning your printer on and off once a week Check your devices manual to see whether it
has this feature
LaserJet
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
17
Laser printers operate by shining a laser beam to produce an image on a
drum The drum is then rolled through a pool or reservoir or toner and the
electrically charged portions of the drum pick up ink Finally using a
combination of heat and pressure the ink on the drum is transferred onto the
page Laser printers print very fast and the supply cartridges work a long time Color laser
printers use the same toner-based printing process as black and white ( BW) laser
printers except that they combine four different toner colors Color laser printers can also
be used as a regular black and white laser printer
When to Choose a Laser Printer
If you do a lot of document printing dont use an inkjet printer Use a laser printer Laser
printers cost more to buy but much less to use - they are very cost effective to operate
since their toner cartridges are not replaced as often
With all costs figured in each document page printed on a typical laser printer costs from
2 cents to 5 cents on an inkjet the cost per page can run from 10 cents to 15 cents
depending on the model (This does not even count the cost of photo printing which can
cost up to a eurp per page on an inkjet when you include the high cost of photo paper and
the additional ink thats used in that mode)
Plotters
Plotters are large-scale printers that are very accurate at reproducing line drawings They
are commonly used for technical drawings such as engineering drawings or architectural
blueprints The two basic types of plotters are called flatbed plotters and drum plotters
Flatbed plotters are horizontally aligned with a flat surface to which a piece of paper is
attached The paper remains stationary and the printer moves pens across the paper to
draw the image Drum plotters also called upright plotters are vertically positioned They
have a drum that the paper rolls on Drum plotters
usually make more noise and are more compact than
flatbed plotters
Digital Photo printers
Many middle range printers
are now able to print photo
quality images Usually an
option with color printers specialist photo print
heads allow a greater resolution to be achieved to
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
18
improve photo image quality Photo ink jet printers expand their gamuts by
adding additional ink colors usually light cyan and light magenta
Network printer is a printer that provides output capabilities to
all network users
Multifunction printers combine top-quality color
ink-jet or laser printing with plain-paper and PC faxing color copying and
color scanning telephoning- all in one convenient space-saving machine
If you work from home or have a small office a multifunctional device may be ideal
Name 10 of the factors you should consider when deciding on which printer
you would buy
1) ___________________________
2) ___________________________
3) ___________________________
4) ___________________________
5) ___________________________
6) ___________________________
7) ___________________________
8) ___________________________
9) ___________________________
10) __________________________
What is the difference between a Laser Printer and an Inkjet Printer
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
19
118 Identify the various backing store devices and their associated media and
outline their advantages and disadvantages eg
Floppy Disk
Hard Disk
Optical Disk
Magnetic Tape
Memory CardStick
Magnetic Disks
119 Describe the main parts of a small network eg gateway router hub
server etc
Distinguish between a LAN and a WAN
A computer network is a number of computers linked together to allow them to share
resources Networked computers can share hardware (such as a printer) software
and data
There are two types of network
LAN - Local Area Network
WAN - Wide Area Network
Local Area Network (LAN)
A LAN is a Local Area Network covering a small area such as one building eg in a
school or a college Within a LAN computers and other hardware devices are
connected to the file server This allows the computers to share resources
Wide Area Network (WAN)
A WAN is a Wide Area Network covering a large geographical area
Within a WAN many terminals are connected to the
host computers This allows networks to be cover a
large geographical area
1 The Internet is a WAN
2 A network of bank cash dispensers is a WAN
3 A school network is a LAN
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
20
LANs are often connected to WANs for example a school network could be
connected to the Internet
Identify the components necessary to connect a computer to an Internet
Provider
To connect a computer to the internet you need
1 A computer
2 A telephone line
3 A modem
4 An account with an ISP (Internet Service Provider)
5 Browser software ndash a program which lets you connect to the internet eg
Internet Explorer or Firefox
1110 Distinguish between systems and applications software
See presentation notes
1111 Describe the major functions carried out by an operating system eg
a Providing the user interface
b Scheduling resources amongst users
c Reporting errors to the user
d File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
e Controlling operations of peripheral devices
f Running required software
g Memory management
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
21
File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
Explain the terms file folderdirectory drive
A file is usually a document created in Excel Word or any other program which we have saved onto our computer For example you may have created a file which is a memo about a meeting A folder is usually some where we have saved a file or lots of files It is important to save files in folders related to the content of the file A drive is where the actual location of the stored files and folders are Think of this as the filing cabinet the lsquoMy Documentsrsquo folder is usually saved on the C Drive of a computer
Memo To J Vincent From S Sanghera Re Meeting Please bring your notes with you
Safety Meetings Folder
File
Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
22
Explain what it means to format a disk
Formatting a disk means permanently deleting all the information on the disk or USB and making it blank To format a floppy disk or a USB go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the disk or drive and select lsquoFormatrsquo When you click on lsquoFormatrsquo you will be asked if you are sure you want to lsquoFormatrsquo if you select lsquoOKrsquo the computer will format the disk for you
Note Do not format a disk or drive unless you are sure you want to permanently delete all the information on it
The E Drive is where I have saved my work (USB memory)
These are folders in the E drive
These are files in the folder Year 7 which is saved on the E Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
23
Explain storage capacity
The storage capacity of a memory device is how much information it can hold To find the storage capacity of any drive which is part of your computer or attached to your computer go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the drive or device and go to lsquoPropertiesrsquo
From the lsquoPropertiesrsquo window you will see the overall capacity (size) of the drive and the lsquoUsedrsquo and lsquoFreersquo space available on that drive
Memory Size
Computer memory and disk space is measured by the number of bytes or characters
it is capable of holding Since these numbers are very large the terms kilobyte (KB)
megabyte (MB) and gigabyte (GB) are used
1KB = approximately 1000 bytes (1024 exactly)
1MB = approximately 1000000 bytes (1048576 exactly)
1GB = approximately 1000000000 bytes (1073741824 exactly)
Recognise the ability of computers to communicate with one another
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
24
Computers communicate
with each other via a
network or the internet The
Internet or is a global
network connecting millions
of computers In order for a
computer to connect to
another computer on the
internet the computer must
first have a modem
The modem converts the signals from digital to analogue and sends or receives the
information through the broadband or phone line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
25
Outline the main points of the Data Protection Act
Data protection is about your fundamental right to privacy You can access and
correct data about yourself Those who keep data about you have to comply with data
protection principles
What is data protection
When you give your personal details to an organisation or individual they have a duty to keep these details private and safe This process is known as data protection We refer to organisations or individuals who control the contents and use of your personal details as lsquodata controllersrsquo
Most of us give information about ourselves to groups such as Government bodies banks insurance companies medical professionals and telephone companies to use their services or meet certain conditions Organisations or individuals can also get information about us from other sources Under data protection law you have rights regarding the use of these personal details and data controllers have certain responsibilities in how they handle this information
What are my rights
You have a range of rights when a person or organisation takes and records your personal details Please read this section carefully to make sure that you are aware of your rights
1 Right to have your details used in line with data protection regulations 2 Right to information about your personal details 3 Right to access your personal details 4 Right to know if your personal details are being held 5 Right to change or remove your details 6 Right to prevent use of your personal details 7 Right to remove your details from a direct marketing list 8 Right to object 9 Right to freedom from automated decision making 10 Right to refuse direct marketing calls or mail
Reference wwwirishstatutebookie1988
Reference wwwbbccoukbitesize
Connect with power supply following appropriate safety procedures
Switch on and boot up computer using procedures appropriate to the system
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
26
Turn on the computer at the power button
Ensure your monitor is switched on
Shut down the system using appropriate procedures
Go to Start gt Turn Off Computer gt Turn Off
When the computer is off turn off the power at the plug
Operate computer with due attention to safety procedures
Donrsquot slouch
Keep your back at around a 90 degree angle
Keep your feet on the ground
Take regular breaks
Sit facing the monitor in a straight line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
7
Main Components of a Computer Processing System ndash We can See
Input and Output
a Input Devices
Any device that is used to enter data into a computer system is called an input device
the following are 9 different types of input device match the numbers with the images
1 Keyboard
2 Mouse
3 Graphics Tablet
4 Microphone
5 Digital Camera
6 Scanner
7 TouchPad
8 TrackerBall
9 Joystick
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
7
b Output Devices
An output device is any device that is used to present data in a usable form from a
computer system is called an OUTPUT device The output may be permanent (on paper) or
may be temporary (on screen) There are many different types of OUTPUT device each
one designed to provide an efficient way of retrieving the DATA
Match the following descriptions with the name of the output device
a) Laser Printer
b) Data Projector
c) Headphones
d) Speakers
e) Inkjet Printer
f) Monitor VDU
Visual Display Unit ndash used for displaying the picture outputted from the graphics
card
Used to output noise from the computer also consider buzzers and alarms eg
burglar alarm
This printer has a print head which fires small jets of ink at the paper Head
consists of a line of jets similar to the dot matrix 600 dpi (data pixels per inch) 3
colours are magenta cyan and yellow
This printer works like a photocopier A laser beam scans the document and
then the toner is fused to the paper to form an image
Uses light bulbs to project an image which is sent from the computer to the wall
of the classroom
Just like speakers but the noise does not distract others in the same room
113 Distinguish between the various types of computer
a Mainframe
Mainframe computers are used by very large corporations and have large computing
power and storage space Modern mainframes tend to be about the size of a large
storage cabinet These computers would be stored in a special room with a large
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
8
number of terminals connected to them These computers are very powerful and
process data very quickly Main frames are very expensive and are therefore only used
by large corporations
b Mini
Mini computers have a similar arrangement to mainframe computers but are smaller ndash
typically the size of a small filing cabinet These would be used in situations where the
large power and storage of a mainframe was not required This type of computer is not
nearly as expensive as a mainframe but still retains a lot of the mainframe features
Mini computers are typically found in sizable companies
c Micro (desktop notebook palmtop)
Micro computers are by far the most common type of computer They are commonly
referred to as a PC (Personal Computer) The modern micro computer is as powerful as
a mainframe was a number of years ago they are relatively cheap and have a vast
number of programs available for them They are fast and have large storage and are
used in a wide variety of businesses there is a PC in most homes today
Dumb Terminals
Mainframe Computer
NOTES
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
9
114 Evaluate the use of various input devices with reference to specific
application eg
a Keyboard
Keyboards are one of the two basic components used for data entry Keyboards use the
Qwerty typing layout similar to typewriters Keyboards usually also have a number
keypad to the right which can be used to enter numeric data
b Mouse
c Touch sensitive screen
d Microphone (voice data entry)
e Scanner
In computing an image scannermdashoften abbreviated to
just scannermdashis a device that optically scans images printed
text handwriting or an object and converts it to a digital
image Common examples found in offices are variations of
the desktop (or flatbed) scanner where the document is placed
on a glass window for scanning
f Smart Cards
A smart card chip card or integrated
circuit card (ICC) is any pocket-sized
card with embedded integrated circuits
A smart card or microprocessor cards
contain volatile memory and
microprocessor components The card
is made of plastic
Keyboard demonstration notes Write at least one keyboard shortcut
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
10
g Sensors eg alarms climate control
A sensor also called detector is a device that
measures a physical quantity and converts it into
a signal which can be read by an observer or by
an instrument Sensors are used in everyday
objects such as touch-sensitive elevator buttons
(tactile sensor) and lamps which dim or brighten
by touching the base There are also innumerable
applications for sensors of which most people are never aware Applications include cars
machines aerospace medicine manufacturing and robotics A sensor is a device which
receives and responds to a signal
Sensors are used in alarms and in climate control to detect changes and computers can
react according to the changes appropriately for eg Fire alarm burglar alarm air
conditioning and a refrigerator
115 Evaluate the use of various output devices with reference to specific
applications eg
a Printers (impact and non-impact)
An impact printer forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper by striking a
mechanism against an ink ribbon that physically contacts the paper Impact printers are
noisy and they do not print very good quality work Impact printers use a print head
containing a number of metal pins which strike an inked ribbon placed between the print
head and the paper
Nonimpact printers form characters and graphics on a piece of paper without actually
striking the paper Some of these printers use heat and pressure to create images and
some spray ink Nonimpact printers are much quieter than impact printers because they do
not strike the paper Three types of nonimpact printers that are used most often are ink-jet
printers laser printers and thermal printers The term nonimpact is important primarily in
that it distinguishes quiet printers from noisy (impact) printers
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
11
Impact Printers Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages
1 Multiple copying depth- more than one page can be printed at the same time
2 No toner cartridge therefore cleaner
Disadvantage
1 They make so much noise that nobody wants them near
2 If tractor driven the perforated edge is a hassle
3 Separating the sheet forms
4 No printing on back
5 No collating
b Plotters
A plotter is a device that draws pictures on paper based on commands from a computer
Plotters differ from printers in that they draw lines using a pen they work by moving
a pen across the surface of a piece of paper As a result they can produce continuous
lines Which means that plotters are restricted to line art whereas other printers can
only simulate lines by printing a closely spaced series of dots Multicolour plotters use
different-coloured pens to draw different colons
They are often slow because of the mechanical movement of the pens and incapable of
efficiently creating a solid region of colour In general plotters are considerably more
expensive than printers They are used in engineering applications where precision is
mandatory
c Monitors
A monitor or display (visual display unit) is an electronic visual display for computers
The monitor comprises the display device circuitry and an enclosure The display
device in modern monitors is typically a thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-
LCD) thin panel while older monitors use a cathode ray tube about as deep as the
screen size
Originally computer monitors were used for data processing while television receivers
were used for entertainment From the 1980s onwards computers (and their monitors)
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
12
have been used for both data processing and entertainment while televisions have
implemented some computer functionality
d Disks (magnetic optical and memory cards)
The normal method of storing programs and information on a computer is on a magnetic
disk or optical disk Later we will discuss the most common types of storage in SLO
118
Magnetic Disk
The data in this device is stored on a magnetic tape in the same way as an audio tape
ie sequentially In order to retrieve data from the tape it is necessary to go to the exact
point on the tape where the piece of data is stored The technology associated with tape
storage has developed and write speeds up to 15 Mbps However read speed is greatly
affected by the time taken to find the required data Therefore this type of storage
device is usually only used for archival storage
Optical Disk
Normally referred to as CDs and consist of an optical surface on to which the data is
burned using a laser beam The data is read from the disc using a laser The DVD is a
variation of the CD Discs are now available that may be reused and these are referred
to as rewritable RW discs CDs normally hold about 650 MB
Memory Cards
This is a small memory device that is used in a variety of digital equipment such as PDAs
digital cameras laptops and USBs etc It is simply an amount of RAM which may be
plugged in and out of the unit it is used in These devices are also referred to as flash
cards or memory sticks Readwrite speed is usually less than 20 Mbps
e Speakers
Computer speakers or multimedia speakers are
speakers external to a computer which disable the
lower fidelity built-in speaker and omit sound They
often have a low-power internal amplifier Computer
speakers range widely in quality and in price The
computer speakers typically packaged with computer
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
13
systems are small plastic and have mediocre sound quality Some computer speakers
have equalization features such as bass and treble controls Speakers can come in a va
rity of different formats ndash buzzers bells and speakers
116 Identify the specifications of a range of office and business equipment
eg fax telephone photocopier
Fax (short for facsimile) sometimes called telecopying
is the telephonic transmission of scanned printed material
(both text and images) normally to a telephone number
connected to a printer or other output device The original
document is scanned with a fax machine which
processes the contents as a single fixed graphic image
converting it into a bitmap The information is then transmitted as electrical signals
through the telephone system The receiving fax machine reconverts the coded image
printing a paper copy
Telephone
The telephone is a telecommunications device that transmits and receives sound most
commonly the human voice Telephones are a point-to-point communication system
whose most basic function is to allow two people separated by large distances to talk to
each other It is one of the most common appliances in the developed world and has
long been considered indispensable to businesses households and governments The
word telephone has been adapted to many languages and is widely recognized around
the world
All telephones have a microphone to speak into an earphone which reproduces the
voice of the other person a ringer which makes a sound to alert the owner when a call is
coming in and a keypad
Photocopier
A photocopier is a machine that makes paper copies of documents and other visual
images quickly and cheaply Most current photocopiers use a technology called
xerography a dry process using heat
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
14
117 Distinguish between the various types of printers and plotters and outline
their advantages and disadvantages
Introduction to Printers
Deciding what kind of printer you want to purchase -- inkjet laser or multifunction -- can
be frustrating and confusing There are so many types and brands of printers to choose
from at all prices and just like computers new models seem to be introduced on a
monthly basis How can the average consumer make an informed choice
In order to make sense of it all we offer the following tips
What do you need the printer to do
This is probably the most important question to answer If you just need to occasionally
print out documents such as letters copies of Web pages from the Internet or simple
spreadsheets a low-end inkjet or laser printer is fine If you need to do presentations or
high quality photographs you want a photo printer If you print over 100 pages on a daily
basis and dont need color you may want to look at the faster laser printers And of
course if you are starting a home business and you need a combination of scanner
printer copier and fax machine a multifunction printer is best
Factors to Consider
Other important factors to be considered before purchasing a printer are
1 Resolution - the number of dots a printer prints in a square inch (over 1440 dpi is
good) Choose a higher end model with a higher resolution if you will be printing lots
of presentation-quality text graphics and photos
2 Operating Cost - Calculate the cost of replacement ink cartridges and paper
because printer users must continually purchase more ink cartridges and toner when
the old ones run out or dry up Be aware that the cost of paper toner and ink can
amount to more than the original cost of the printer within a year or so
3 Speed - the volume of printout (pages per minute) is essential if you are printing large
numbers of documents in black and white
4 Size of the printout - will you be printing on oversized or non-standard paper heavy
card stock blueprints transparencies etc Then choose a printer whose paper path
is no sharper than 90 degrees to allow printing on various types of media without
jamming
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
15
5 Photo Quality - Specialty color printers that have photo lab quality are essential if
you are looking for a printer that can print high-resolution images on photo paper
6 Digital camera cards and Memory Sticks - does the printer need to have built-in
slots for these de vices
7 Network enabled - will you be connecting the new printer to a home or office
network
8 Image processing - Processing images takes a lot of power so printers often have
as much computing horsepower and memory as a PC Some printers form the
complete image in memory prior to printing it which allows them to handle large files
quickly
9 Ease of use - how easy is the printer setup process
10 Compatibility - The newer printers are all USB-compatible which means they will
work for Windows 982000XP and with Mac System 81 or higher
11 Warranty - be sure to purchase a printer that includes a manufacturers andor store
warranty (at least 90 days)
The four main different types of printers are
Ink-jet Printers
Laser Printers
Dot-Matrix Printers
Multifunctional
Normally home computer users will use ink-jets as they are relatively cheap but superior
in quality to dot-matrix Laser jets and other printers created by new technology are
more expensive and more commonly found in the offices
Dot Matrix
Impact (Dot-matrix) printers use a set of closely
spaced pins and a ribbon to print letters or other
characters on a page These printers actually impact
the page to print a character much like a typewriter
Dot-matrix printers vary in terms of speed and the
number of pins they have They can run at a speed
anywhere between 50 and 500 CPS (Characters Per Second) The number of pins which
can vary between 9 to 24 determines the quality of the print job Dot matrix printers are
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
16
commonly used for printing invoices purchase orders shipping forms labels and other
multi-part forms Dot matrix printers can print through multi-part forms in a single pass
allowing them to produce more pages than even high-speed laser printers
Inkjet
Ink-jets(bubble-jets) printers spray ionized tiny drops of ink onto a
page to create an image This is achieved by using magnetized
plates which direct the inks path onto the paper in the desired
pattern Almost all ink-jets offer a color option as standard in varying
degrees of resolution Ink-jet printers are capable of producing high quality print which
almost matches the quality of a laser printer A standard ink-jet printer has a resolution of
300 dots per inch although newer models have improved on that As a rule color link-jet
printers can also be used as a regular black and white printer
When a Color Inkjet Printer is the Best Choice
Ink jets are a good choice if you are looking for high quality color photo output for a
reasonable price Prices start at around euro150
First youll need to decide on the type of machine you want a standard ink jet for
reasonable photos and a low purchase price or a photo ink jet for superior photo quality
All of the top models offer 4800-by-1200-dpi resolution but they vary quite a bit in terms
of printing speed
Choose an inkjet printer based on the cost of replacement ink cartridges and not on the
cost of the printer Over time ink and paper costs can exceed the cost of the printer
several times over Avoid single-cartridge printers which only come with a color cartridge
that cant print true color It is more cost effective to purchase a color inkjet with multiple
color cartridges (CMYK) so they can be replaced individually
Another cost saving tip Leaving any inkjet idle for even a week or two can allow the ink in
the tiny tubes that feed the nozzles to dry The resulting clogs cause streaks and other
anomalies in your pictures To avoid clogs print at least once a week Some printers run
a maintenance routine on startup meaning that you can keep the nozzles clear simply by
turning your printer on and off once a week Check your devices manual to see whether it
has this feature
LaserJet
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
17
Laser printers operate by shining a laser beam to produce an image on a
drum The drum is then rolled through a pool or reservoir or toner and the
electrically charged portions of the drum pick up ink Finally using a
combination of heat and pressure the ink on the drum is transferred onto the
page Laser printers print very fast and the supply cartridges work a long time Color laser
printers use the same toner-based printing process as black and white ( BW) laser
printers except that they combine four different toner colors Color laser printers can also
be used as a regular black and white laser printer
When to Choose a Laser Printer
If you do a lot of document printing dont use an inkjet printer Use a laser printer Laser
printers cost more to buy but much less to use - they are very cost effective to operate
since their toner cartridges are not replaced as often
With all costs figured in each document page printed on a typical laser printer costs from
2 cents to 5 cents on an inkjet the cost per page can run from 10 cents to 15 cents
depending on the model (This does not even count the cost of photo printing which can
cost up to a eurp per page on an inkjet when you include the high cost of photo paper and
the additional ink thats used in that mode)
Plotters
Plotters are large-scale printers that are very accurate at reproducing line drawings They
are commonly used for technical drawings such as engineering drawings or architectural
blueprints The two basic types of plotters are called flatbed plotters and drum plotters
Flatbed plotters are horizontally aligned with a flat surface to which a piece of paper is
attached The paper remains stationary and the printer moves pens across the paper to
draw the image Drum plotters also called upright plotters are vertically positioned They
have a drum that the paper rolls on Drum plotters
usually make more noise and are more compact than
flatbed plotters
Digital Photo printers
Many middle range printers
are now able to print photo
quality images Usually an
option with color printers specialist photo print
heads allow a greater resolution to be achieved to
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
18
improve photo image quality Photo ink jet printers expand their gamuts by
adding additional ink colors usually light cyan and light magenta
Network printer is a printer that provides output capabilities to
all network users
Multifunction printers combine top-quality color
ink-jet or laser printing with plain-paper and PC faxing color copying and
color scanning telephoning- all in one convenient space-saving machine
If you work from home or have a small office a multifunctional device may be ideal
Name 10 of the factors you should consider when deciding on which printer
you would buy
1) ___________________________
2) ___________________________
3) ___________________________
4) ___________________________
5) ___________________________
6) ___________________________
7) ___________________________
8) ___________________________
9) ___________________________
10) __________________________
What is the difference between a Laser Printer and an Inkjet Printer
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
19
118 Identify the various backing store devices and their associated media and
outline their advantages and disadvantages eg
Floppy Disk
Hard Disk
Optical Disk
Magnetic Tape
Memory CardStick
Magnetic Disks
119 Describe the main parts of a small network eg gateway router hub
server etc
Distinguish between a LAN and a WAN
A computer network is a number of computers linked together to allow them to share
resources Networked computers can share hardware (such as a printer) software
and data
There are two types of network
LAN - Local Area Network
WAN - Wide Area Network
Local Area Network (LAN)
A LAN is a Local Area Network covering a small area such as one building eg in a
school or a college Within a LAN computers and other hardware devices are
connected to the file server This allows the computers to share resources
Wide Area Network (WAN)
A WAN is a Wide Area Network covering a large geographical area
Within a WAN many terminals are connected to the
host computers This allows networks to be cover a
large geographical area
1 The Internet is a WAN
2 A network of bank cash dispensers is a WAN
3 A school network is a LAN
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
20
LANs are often connected to WANs for example a school network could be
connected to the Internet
Identify the components necessary to connect a computer to an Internet
Provider
To connect a computer to the internet you need
1 A computer
2 A telephone line
3 A modem
4 An account with an ISP (Internet Service Provider)
5 Browser software ndash a program which lets you connect to the internet eg
Internet Explorer or Firefox
1110 Distinguish between systems and applications software
See presentation notes
1111 Describe the major functions carried out by an operating system eg
a Providing the user interface
b Scheduling resources amongst users
c Reporting errors to the user
d File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
e Controlling operations of peripheral devices
f Running required software
g Memory management
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
21
File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
Explain the terms file folderdirectory drive
A file is usually a document created in Excel Word or any other program which we have saved onto our computer For example you may have created a file which is a memo about a meeting A folder is usually some where we have saved a file or lots of files It is important to save files in folders related to the content of the file A drive is where the actual location of the stored files and folders are Think of this as the filing cabinet the lsquoMy Documentsrsquo folder is usually saved on the C Drive of a computer
Memo To J Vincent From S Sanghera Re Meeting Please bring your notes with you
Safety Meetings Folder
File
Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
22
Explain what it means to format a disk
Formatting a disk means permanently deleting all the information on the disk or USB and making it blank To format a floppy disk or a USB go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the disk or drive and select lsquoFormatrsquo When you click on lsquoFormatrsquo you will be asked if you are sure you want to lsquoFormatrsquo if you select lsquoOKrsquo the computer will format the disk for you
Note Do not format a disk or drive unless you are sure you want to permanently delete all the information on it
The E Drive is where I have saved my work (USB memory)
These are folders in the E drive
These are files in the folder Year 7 which is saved on the E Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
23
Explain storage capacity
The storage capacity of a memory device is how much information it can hold To find the storage capacity of any drive which is part of your computer or attached to your computer go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the drive or device and go to lsquoPropertiesrsquo
From the lsquoPropertiesrsquo window you will see the overall capacity (size) of the drive and the lsquoUsedrsquo and lsquoFreersquo space available on that drive
Memory Size
Computer memory and disk space is measured by the number of bytes or characters
it is capable of holding Since these numbers are very large the terms kilobyte (KB)
megabyte (MB) and gigabyte (GB) are used
1KB = approximately 1000 bytes (1024 exactly)
1MB = approximately 1000000 bytes (1048576 exactly)
1GB = approximately 1000000000 bytes (1073741824 exactly)
Recognise the ability of computers to communicate with one another
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
24
Computers communicate
with each other via a
network or the internet The
Internet or is a global
network connecting millions
of computers In order for a
computer to connect to
another computer on the
internet the computer must
first have a modem
The modem converts the signals from digital to analogue and sends or receives the
information through the broadband or phone line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
25
Outline the main points of the Data Protection Act
Data protection is about your fundamental right to privacy You can access and
correct data about yourself Those who keep data about you have to comply with data
protection principles
What is data protection
When you give your personal details to an organisation or individual they have a duty to keep these details private and safe This process is known as data protection We refer to organisations or individuals who control the contents and use of your personal details as lsquodata controllersrsquo
Most of us give information about ourselves to groups such as Government bodies banks insurance companies medical professionals and telephone companies to use their services or meet certain conditions Organisations or individuals can also get information about us from other sources Under data protection law you have rights regarding the use of these personal details and data controllers have certain responsibilities in how they handle this information
What are my rights
You have a range of rights when a person or organisation takes and records your personal details Please read this section carefully to make sure that you are aware of your rights
1 Right to have your details used in line with data protection regulations 2 Right to information about your personal details 3 Right to access your personal details 4 Right to know if your personal details are being held 5 Right to change or remove your details 6 Right to prevent use of your personal details 7 Right to remove your details from a direct marketing list 8 Right to object 9 Right to freedom from automated decision making 10 Right to refuse direct marketing calls or mail
Reference wwwirishstatutebookie1988
Reference wwwbbccoukbitesize
Connect with power supply following appropriate safety procedures
Switch on and boot up computer using procedures appropriate to the system
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
26
Turn on the computer at the power button
Ensure your monitor is switched on
Shut down the system using appropriate procedures
Go to Start gt Turn Off Computer gt Turn Off
When the computer is off turn off the power at the plug
Operate computer with due attention to safety procedures
Donrsquot slouch
Keep your back at around a 90 degree angle
Keep your feet on the ground
Take regular breaks
Sit facing the monitor in a straight line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
7
b Output Devices
An output device is any device that is used to present data in a usable form from a
computer system is called an OUTPUT device The output may be permanent (on paper) or
may be temporary (on screen) There are many different types of OUTPUT device each
one designed to provide an efficient way of retrieving the DATA
Match the following descriptions with the name of the output device
a) Laser Printer
b) Data Projector
c) Headphones
d) Speakers
e) Inkjet Printer
f) Monitor VDU
Visual Display Unit ndash used for displaying the picture outputted from the graphics
card
Used to output noise from the computer also consider buzzers and alarms eg
burglar alarm
This printer has a print head which fires small jets of ink at the paper Head
consists of a line of jets similar to the dot matrix 600 dpi (data pixels per inch) 3
colours are magenta cyan and yellow
This printer works like a photocopier A laser beam scans the document and
then the toner is fused to the paper to form an image
Uses light bulbs to project an image which is sent from the computer to the wall
of the classroom
Just like speakers but the noise does not distract others in the same room
113 Distinguish between the various types of computer
a Mainframe
Mainframe computers are used by very large corporations and have large computing
power and storage space Modern mainframes tend to be about the size of a large
storage cabinet These computers would be stored in a special room with a large
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
8
number of terminals connected to them These computers are very powerful and
process data very quickly Main frames are very expensive and are therefore only used
by large corporations
b Mini
Mini computers have a similar arrangement to mainframe computers but are smaller ndash
typically the size of a small filing cabinet These would be used in situations where the
large power and storage of a mainframe was not required This type of computer is not
nearly as expensive as a mainframe but still retains a lot of the mainframe features
Mini computers are typically found in sizable companies
c Micro (desktop notebook palmtop)
Micro computers are by far the most common type of computer They are commonly
referred to as a PC (Personal Computer) The modern micro computer is as powerful as
a mainframe was a number of years ago they are relatively cheap and have a vast
number of programs available for them They are fast and have large storage and are
used in a wide variety of businesses there is a PC in most homes today
Dumb Terminals
Mainframe Computer
NOTES
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
9
114 Evaluate the use of various input devices with reference to specific
application eg
a Keyboard
Keyboards are one of the two basic components used for data entry Keyboards use the
Qwerty typing layout similar to typewriters Keyboards usually also have a number
keypad to the right which can be used to enter numeric data
b Mouse
c Touch sensitive screen
d Microphone (voice data entry)
e Scanner
In computing an image scannermdashoften abbreviated to
just scannermdashis a device that optically scans images printed
text handwriting or an object and converts it to a digital
image Common examples found in offices are variations of
the desktop (or flatbed) scanner where the document is placed
on a glass window for scanning
f Smart Cards
A smart card chip card or integrated
circuit card (ICC) is any pocket-sized
card with embedded integrated circuits
A smart card or microprocessor cards
contain volatile memory and
microprocessor components The card
is made of plastic
Keyboard demonstration notes Write at least one keyboard shortcut
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
10
g Sensors eg alarms climate control
A sensor also called detector is a device that
measures a physical quantity and converts it into
a signal which can be read by an observer or by
an instrument Sensors are used in everyday
objects such as touch-sensitive elevator buttons
(tactile sensor) and lamps which dim or brighten
by touching the base There are also innumerable
applications for sensors of which most people are never aware Applications include cars
machines aerospace medicine manufacturing and robotics A sensor is a device which
receives and responds to a signal
Sensors are used in alarms and in climate control to detect changes and computers can
react according to the changes appropriately for eg Fire alarm burglar alarm air
conditioning and a refrigerator
115 Evaluate the use of various output devices with reference to specific
applications eg
a Printers (impact and non-impact)
An impact printer forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper by striking a
mechanism against an ink ribbon that physically contacts the paper Impact printers are
noisy and they do not print very good quality work Impact printers use a print head
containing a number of metal pins which strike an inked ribbon placed between the print
head and the paper
Nonimpact printers form characters and graphics on a piece of paper without actually
striking the paper Some of these printers use heat and pressure to create images and
some spray ink Nonimpact printers are much quieter than impact printers because they do
not strike the paper Three types of nonimpact printers that are used most often are ink-jet
printers laser printers and thermal printers The term nonimpact is important primarily in
that it distinguishes quiet printers from noisy (impact) printers
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
11
Impact Printers Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages
1 Multiple copying depth- more than one page can be printed at the same time
2 No toner cartridge therefore cleaner
Disadvantage
1 They make so much noise that nobody wants them near
2 If tractor driven the perforated edge is a hassle
3 Separating the sheet forms
4 No printing on back
5 No collating
b Plotters
A plotter is a device that draws pictures on paper based on commands from a computer
Plotters differ from printers in that they draw lines using a pen they work by moving
a pen across the surface of a piece of paper As a result they can produce continuous
lines Which means that plotters are restricted to line art whereas other printers can
only simulate lines by printing a closely spaced series of dots Multicolour plotters use
different-coloured pens to draw different colons
They are often slow because of the mechanical movement of the pens and incapable of
efficiently creating a solid region of colour In general plotters are considerably more
expensive than printers They are used in engineering applications where precision is
mandatory
c Monitors
A monitor or display (visual display unit) is an electronic visual display for computers
The monitor comprises the display device circuitry and an enclosure The display
device in modern monitors is typically a thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-
LCD) thin panel while older monitors use a cathode ray tube about as deep as the
screen size
Originally computer monitors were used for data processing while television receivers
were used for entertainment From the 1980s onwards computers (and their monitors)
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
12
have been used for both data processing and entertainment while televisions have
implemented some computer functionality
d Disks (magnetic optical and memory cards)
The normal method of storing programs and information on a computer is on a magnetic
disk or optical disk Later we will discuss the most common types of storage in SLO
118
Magnetic Disk
The data in this device is stored on a magnetic tape in the same way as an audio tape
ie sequentially In order to retrieve data from the tape it is necessary to go to the exact
point on the tape where the piece of data is stored The technology associated with tape
storage has developed and write speeds up to 15 Mbps However read speed is greatly
affected by the time taken to find the required data Therefore this type of storage
device is usually only used for archival storage
Optical Disk
Normally referred to as CDs and consist of an optical surface on to which the data is
burned using a laser beam The data is read from the disc using a laser The DVD is a
variation of the CD Discs are now available that may be reused and these are referred
to as rewritable RW discs CDs normally hold about 650 MB
Memory Cards
This is a small memory device that is used in a variety of digital equipment such as PDAs
digital cameras laptops and USBs etc It is simply an amount of RAM which may be
plugged in and out of the unit it is used in These devices are also referred to as flash
cards or memory sticks Readwrite speed is usually less than 20 Mbps
e Speakers
Computer speakers or multimedia speakers are
speakers external to a computer which disable the
lower fidelity built-in speaker and omit sound They
often have a low-power internal amplifier Computer
speakers range widely in quality and in price The
computer speakers typically packaged with computer
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
13
systems are small plastic and have mediocre sound quality Some computer speakers
have equalization features such as bass and treble controls Speakers can come in a va
rity of different formats ndash buzzers bells and speakers
116 Identify the specifications of a range of office and business equipment
eg fax telephone photocopier
Fax (short for facsimile) sometimes called telecopying
is the telephonic transmission of scanned printed material
(both text and images) normally to a telephone number
connected to a printer or other output device The original
document is scanned with a fax machine which
processes the contents as a single fixed graphic image
converting it into a bitmap The information is then transmitted as electrical signals
through the telephone system The receiving fax machine reconverts the coded image
printing a paper copy
Telephone
The telephone is a telecommunications device that transmits and receives sound most
commonly the human voice Telephones are a point-to-point communication system
whose most basic function is to allow two people separated by large distances to talk to
each other It is one of the most common appliances in the developed world and has
long been considered indispensable to businesses households and governments The
word telephone has been adapted to many languages and is widely recognized around
the world
All telephones have a microphone to speak into an earphone which reproduces the
voice of the other person a ringer which makes a sound to alert the owner when a call is
coming in and a keypad
Photocopier
A photocopier is a machine that makes paper copies of documents and other visual
images quickly and cheaply Most current photocopiers use a technology called
xerography a dry process using heat
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
14
117 Distinguish between the various types of printers and plotters and outline
their advantages and disadvantages
Introduction to Printers
Deciding what kind of printer you want to purchase -- inkjet laser or multifunction -- can
be frustrating and confusing There are so many types and brands of printers to choose
from at all prices and just like computers new models seem to be introduced on a
monthly basis How can the average consumer make an informed choice
In order to make sense of it all we offer the following tips
What do you need the printer to do
This is probably the most important question to answer If you just need to occasionally
print out documents such as letters copies of Web pages from the Internet or simple
spreadsheets a low-end inkjet or laser printer is fine If you need to do presentations or
high quality photographs you want a photo printer If you print over 100 pages on a daily
basis and dont need color you may want to look at the faster laser printers And of
course if you are starting a home business and you need a combination of scanner
printer copier and fax machine a multifunction printer is best
Factors to Consider
Other important factors to be considered before purchasing a printer are
1 Resolution - the number of dots a printer prints in a square inch (over 1440 dpi is
good) Choose a higher end model with a higher resolution if you will be printing lots
of presentation-quality text graphics and photos
2 Operating Cost - Calculate the cost of replacement ink cartridges and paper
because printer users must continually purchase more ink cartridges and toner when
the old ones run out or dry up Be aware that the cost of paper toner and ink can
amount to more than the original cost of the printer within a year or so
3 Speed - the volume of printout (pages per minute) is essential if you are printing large
numbers of documents in black and white
4 Size of the printout - will you be printing on oversized or non-standard paper heavy
card stock blueprints transparencies etc Then choose a printer whose paper path
is no sharper than 90 degrees to allow printing on various types of media without
jamming
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
15
5 Photo Quality - Specialty color printers that have photo lab quality are essential if
you are looking for a printer that can print high-resolution images on photo paper
6 Digital camera cards and Memory Sticks - does the printer need to have built-in
slots for these de vices
7 Network enabled - will you be connecting the new printer to a home or office
network
8 Image processing - Processing images takes a lot of power so printers often have
as much computing horsepower and memory as a PC Some printers form the
complete image in memory prior to printing it which allows them to handle large files
quickly
9 Ease of use - how easy is the printer setup process
10 Compatibility - The newer printers are all USB-compatible which means they will
work for Windows 982000XP and with Mac System 81 or higher
11 Warranty - be sure to purchase a printer that includes a manufacturers andor store
warranty (at least 90 days)
The four main different types of printers are
Ink-jet Printers
Laser Printers
Dot-Matrix Printers
Multifunctional
Normally home computer users will use ink-jets as they are relatively cheap but superior
in quality to dot-matrix Laser jets and other printers created by new technology are
more expensive and more commonly found in the offices
Dot Matrix
Impact (Dot-matrix) printers use a set of closely
spaced pins and a ribbon to print letters or other
characters on a page These printers actually impact
the page to print a character much like a typewriter
Dot-matrix printers vary in terms of speed and the
number of pins they have They can run at a speed
anywhere between 50 and 500 CPS (Characters Per Second) The number of pins which
can vary between 9 to 24 determines the quality of the print job Dot matrix printers are
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
16
commonly used for printing invoices purchase orders shipping forms labels and other
multi-part forms Dot matrix printers can print through multi-part forms in a single pass
allowing them to produce more pages than even high-speed laser printers
Inkjet
Ink-jets(bubble-jets) printers spray ionized tiny drops of ink onto a
page to create an image This is achieved by using magnetized
plates which direct the inks path onto the paper in the desired
pattern Almost all ink-jets offer a color option as standard in varying
degrees of resolution Ink-jet printers are capable of producing high quality print which
almost matches the quality of a laser printer A standard ink-jet printer has a resolution of
300 dots per inch although newer models have improved on that As a rule color link-jet
printers can also be used as a regular black and white printer
When a Color Inkjet Printer is the Best Choice
Ink jets are a good choice if you are looking for high quality color photo output for a
reasonable price Prices start at around euro150
First youll need to decide on the type of machine you want a standard ink jet for
reasonable photos and a low purchase price or a photo ink jet for superior photo quality
All of the top models offer 4800-by-1200-dpi resolution but they vary quite a bit in terms
of printing speed
Choose an inkjet printer based on the cost of replacement ink cartridges and not on the
cost of the printer Over time ink and paper costs can exceed the cost of the printer
several times over Avoid single-cartridge printers which only come with a color cartridge
that cant print true color It is more cost effective to purchase a color inkjet with multiple
color cartridges (CMYK) so they can be replaced individually
Another cost saving tip Leaving any inkjet idle for even a week or two can allow the ink in
the tiny tubes that feed the nozzles to dry The resulting clogs cause streaks and other
anomalies in your pictures To avoid clogs print at least once a week Some printers run
a maintenance routine on startup meaning that you can keep the nozzles clear simply by
turning your printer on and off once a week Check your devices manual to see whether it
has this feature
LaserJet
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
17
Laser printers operate by shining a laser beam to produce an image on a
drum The drum is then rolled through a pool or reservoir or toner and the
electrically charged portions of the drum pick up ink Finally using a
combination of heat and pressure the ink on the drum is transferred onto the
page Laser printers print very fast and the supply cartridges work a long time Color laser
printers use the same toner-based printing process as black and white ( BW) laser
printers except that they combine four different toner colors Color laser printers can also
be used as a regular black and white laser printer
When to Choose a Laser Printer
If you do a lot of document printing dont use an inkjet printer Use a laser printer Laser
printers cost more to buy but much less to use - they are very cost effective to operate
since their toner cartridges are not replaced as often
With all costs figured in each document page printed on a typical laser printer costs from
2 cents to 5 cents on an inkjet the cost per page can run from 10 cents to 15 cents
depending on the model (This does not even count the cost of photo printing which can
cost up to a eurp per page on an inkjet when you include the high cost of photo paper and
the additional ink thats used in that mode)
Plotters
Plotters are large-scale printers that are very accurate at reproducing line drawings They
are commonly used for technical drawings such as engineering drawings or architectural
blueprints The two basic types of plotters are called flatbed plotters and drum plotters
Flatbed plotters are horizontally aligned with a flat surface to which a piece of paper is
attached The paper remains stationary and the printer moves pens across the paper to
draw the image Drum plotters also called upright plotters are vertically positioned They
have a drum that the paper rolls on Drum plotters
usually make more noise and are more compact than
flatbed plotters
Digital Photo printers
Many middle range printers
are now able to print photo
quality images Usually an
option with color printers specialist photo print
heads allow a greater resolution to be achieved to
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
18
improve photo image quality Photo ink jet printers expand their gamuts by
adding additional ink colors usually light cyan and light magenta
Network printer is a printer that provides output capabilities to
all network users
Multifunction printers combine top-quality color
ink-jet or laser printing with plain-paper and PC faxing color copying and
color scanning telephoning- all in one convenient space-saving machine
If you work from home or have a small office a multifunctional device may be ideal
Name 10 of the factors you should consider when deciding on which printer
you would buy
1) ___________________________
2) ___________________________
3) ___________________________
4) ___________________________
5) ___________________________
6) ___________________________
7) ___________________________
8) ___________________________
9) ___________________________
10) __________________________
What is the difference between a Laser Printer and an Inkjet Printer
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
19
118 Identify the various backing store devices and their associated media and
outline their advantages and disadvantages eg
Floppy Disk
Hard Disk
Optical Disk
Magnetic Tape
Memory CardStick
Magnetic Disks
119 Describe the main parts of a small network eg gateway router hub
server etc
Distinguish between a LAN and a WAN
A computer network is a number of computers linked together to allow them to share
resources Networked computers can share hardware (such as a printer) software
and data
There are two types of network
LAN - Local Area Network
WAN - Wide Area Network
Local Area Network (LAN)
A LAN is a Local Area Network covering a small area such as one building eg in a
school or a college Within a LAN computers and other hardware devices are
connected to the file server This allows the computers to share resources
Wide Area Network (WAN)
A WAN is a Wide Area Network covering a large geographical area
Within a WAN many terminals are connected to the
host computers This allows networks to be cover a
large geographical area
1 The Internet is a WAN
2 A network of bank cash dispensers is a WAN
3 A school network is a LAN
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
20
LANs are often connected to WANs for example a school network could be
connected to the Internet
Identify the components necessary to connect a computer to an Internet
Provider
To connect a computer to the internet you need
1 A computer
2 A telephone line
3 A modem
4 An account with an ISP (Internet Service Provider)
5 Browser software ndash a program which lets you connect to the internet eg
Internet Explorer or Firefox
1110 Distinguish between systems and applications software
See presentation notes
1111 Describe the major functions carried out by an operating system eg
a Providing the user interface
b Scheduling resources amongst users
c Reporting errors to the user
d File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
e Controlling operations of peripheral devices
f Running required software
g Memory management
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
21
File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
Explain the terms file folderdirectory drive
A file is usually a document created in Excel Word or any other program which we have saved onto our computer For example you may have created a file which is a memo about a meeting A folder is usually some where we have saved a file or lots of files It is important to save files in folders related to the content of the file A drive is where the actual location of the stored files and folders are Think of this as the filing cabinet the lsquoMy Documentsrsquo folder is usually saved on the C Drive of a computer
Memo To J Vincent From S Sanghera Re Meeting Please bring your notes with you
Safety Meetings Folder
File
Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
22
Explain what it means to format a disk
Formatting a disk means permanently deleting all the information on the disk or USB and making it blank To format a floppy disk or a USB go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the disk or drive and select lsquoFormatrsquo When you click on lsquoFormatrsquo you will be asked if you are sure you want to lsquoFormatrsquo if you select lsquoOKrsquo the computer will format the disk for you
Note Do not format a disk or drive unless you are sure you want to permanently delete all the information on it
The E Drive is where I have saved my work (USB memory)
These are folders in the E drive
These are files in the folder Year 7 which is saved on the E Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
23
Explain storage capacity
The storage capacity of a memory device is how much information it can hold To find the storage capacity of any drive which is part of your computer or attached to your computer go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the drive or device and go to lsquoPropertiesrsquo
From the lsquoPropertiesrsquo window you will see the overall capacity (size) of the drive and the lsquoUsedrsquo and lsquoFreersquo space available on that drive
Memory Size
Computer memory and disk space is measured by the number of bytes or characters
it is capable of holding Since these numbers are very large the terms kilobyte (KB)
megabyte (MB) and gigabyte (GB) are used
1KB = approximately 1000 bytes (1024 exactly)
1MB = approximately 1000000 bytes (1048576 exactly)
1GB = approximately 1000000000 bytes (1073741824 exactly)
Recognise the ability of computers to communicate with one another
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
24
Computers communicate
with each other via a
network or the internet The
Internet or is a global
network connecting millions
of computers In order for a
computer to connect to
another computer on the
internet the computer must
first have a modem
The modem converts the signals from digital to analogue and sends or receives the
information through the broadband or phone line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
25
Outline the main points of the Data Protection Act
Data protection is about your fundamental right to privacy You can access and
correct data about yourself Those who keep data about you have to comply with data
protection principles
What is data protection
When you give your personal details to an organisation or individual they have a duty to keep these details private and safe This process is known as data protection We refer to organisations or individuals who control the contents and use of your personal details as lsquodata controllersrsquo
Most of us give information about ourselves to groups such as Government bodies banks insurance companies medical professionals and telephone companies to use their services or meet certain conditions Organisations or individuals can also get information about us from other sources Under data protection law you have rights regarding the use of these personal details and data controllers have certain responsibilities in how they handle this information
What are my rights
You have a range of rights when a person or organisation takes and records your personal details Please read this section carefully to make sure that you are aware of your rights
1 Right to have your details used in line with data protection regulations 2 Right to information about your personal details 3 Right to access your personal details 4 Right to know if your personal details are being held 5 Right to change or remove your details 6 Right to prevent use of your personal details 7 Right to remove your details from a direct marketing list 8 Right to object 9 Right to freedom from automated decision making 10 Right to refuse direct marketing calls or mail
Reference wwwirishstatutebookie1988
Reference wwwbbccoukbitesize
Connect with power supply following appropriate safety procedures
Switch on and boot up computer using procedures appropriate to the system
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
26
Turn on the computer at the power button
Ensure your monitor is switched on
Shut down the system using appropriate procedures
Go to Start gt Turn Off Computer gt Turn Off
When the computer is off turn off the power at the plug
Operate computer with due attention to safety procedures
Donrsquot slouch
Keep your back at around a 90 degree angle
Keep your feet on the ground
Take regular breaks
Sit facing the monitor in a straight line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
8
number of terminals connected to them These computers are very powerful and
process data very quickly Main frames are very expensive and are therefore only used
by large corporations
b Mini
Mini computers have a similar arrangement to mainframe computers but are smaller ndash
typically the size of a small filing cabinet These would be used in situations where the
large power and storage of a mainframe was not required This type of computer is not
nearly as expensive as a mainframe but still retains a lot of the mainframe features
Mini computers are typically found in sizable companies
c Micro (desktop notebook palmtop)
Micro computers are by far the most common type of computer They are commonly
referred to as a PC (Personal Computer) The modern micro computer is as powerful as
a mainframe was a number of years ago they are relatively cheap and have a vast
number of programs available for them They are fast and have large storage and are
used in a wide variety of businesses there is a PC in most homes today
Dumb Terminals
Mainframe Computer
NOTES
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
9
114 Evaluate the use of various input devices with reference to specific
application eg
a Keyboard
Keyboards are one of the two basic components used for data entry Keyboards use the
Qwerty typing layout similar to typewriters Keyboards usually also have a number
keypad to the right which can be used to enter numeric data
b Mouse
c Touch sensitive screen
d Microphone (voice data entry)
e Scanner
In computing an image scannermdashoften abbreviated to
just scannermdashis a device that optically scans images printed
text handwriting or an object and converts it to a digital
image Common examples found in offices are variations of
the desktop (or flatbed) scanner where the document is placed
on a glass window for scanning
f Smart Cards
A smart card chip card or integrated
circuit card (ICC) is any pocket-sized
card with embedded integrated circuits
A smart card or microprocessor cards
contain volatile memory and
microprocessor components The card
is made of plastic
Keyboard demonstration notes Write at least one keyboard shortcut
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
10
g Sensors eg alarms climate control
A sensor also called detector is a device that
measures a physical quantity and converts it into
a signal which can be read by an observer or by
an instrument Sensors are used in everyday
objects such as touch-sensitive elevator buttons
(tactile sensor) and lamps which dim or brighten
by touching the base There are also innumerable
applications for sensors of which most people are never aware Applications include cars
machines aerospace medicine manufacturing and robotics A sensor is a device which
receives and responds to a signal
Sensors are used in alarms and in climate control to detect changes and computers can
react according to the changes appropriately for eg Fire alarm burglar alarm air
conditioning and a refrigerator
115 Evaluate the use of various output devices with reference to specific
applications eg
a Printers (impact and non-impact)
An impact printer forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper by striking a
mechanism against an ink ribbon that physically contacts the paper Impact printers are
noisy and they do not print very good quality work Impact printers use a print head
containing a number of metal pins which strike an inked ribbon placed between the print
head and the paper
Nonimpact printers form characters and graphics on a piece of paper without actually
striking the paper Some of these printers use heat and pressure to create images and
some spray ink Nonimpact printers are much quieter than impact printers because they do
not strike the paper Three types of nonimpact printers that are used most often are ink-jet
printers laser printers and thermal printers The term nonimpact is important primarily in
that it distinguishes quiet printers from noisy (impact) printers
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
11
Impact Printers Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages
1 Multiple copying depth- more than one page can be printed at the same time
2 No toner cartridge therefore cleaner
Disadvantage
1 They make so much noise that nobody wants them near
2 If tractor driven the perforated edge is a hassle
3 Separating the sheet forms
4 No printing on back
5 No collating
b Plotters
A plotter is a device that draws pictures on paper based on commands from a computer
Plotters differ from printers in that they draw lines using a pen they work by moving
a pen across the surface of a piece of paper As a result they can produce continuous
lines Which means that plotters are restricted to line art whereas other printers can
only simulate lines by printing a closely spaced series of dots Multicolour plotters use
different-coloured pens to draw different colons
They are often slow because of the mechanical movement of the pens and incapable of
efficiently creating a solid region of colour In general plotters are considerably more
expensive than printers They are used in engineering applications where precision is
mandatory
c Monitors
A monitor or display (visual display unit) is an electronic visual display for computers
The monitor comprises the display device circuitry and an enclosure The display
device in modern monitors is typically a thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-
LCD) thin panel while older monitors use a cathode ray tube about as deep as the
screen size
Originally computer monitors were used for data processing while television receivers
were used for entertainment From the 1980s onwards computers (and their monitors)
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
12
have been used for both data processing and entertainment while televisions have
implemented some computer functionality
d Disks (magnetic optical and memory cards)
The normal method of storing programs and information on a computer is on a magnetic
disk or optical disk Later we will discuss the most common types of storage in SLO
118
Magnetic Disk
The data in this device is stored on a magnetic tape in the same way as an audio tape
ie sequentially In order to retrieve data from the tape it is necessary to go to the exact
point on the tape where the piece of data is stored The technology associated with tape
storage has developed and write speeds up to 15 Mbps However read speed is greatly
affected by the time taken to find the required data Therefore this type of storage
device is usually only used for archival storage
Optical Disk
Normally referred to as CDs and consist of an optical surface on to which the data is
burned using a laser beam The data is read from the disc using a laser The DVD is a
variation of the CD Discs are now available that may be reused and these are referred
to as rewritable RW discs CDs normally hold about 650 MB
Memory Cards
This is a small memory device that is used in a variety of digital equipment such as PDAs
digital cameras laptops and USBs etc It is simply an amount of RAM which may be
plugged in and out of the unit it is used in These devices are also referred to as flash
cards or memory sticks Readwrite speed is usually less than 20 Mbps
e Speakers
Computer speakers or multimedia speakers are
speakers external to a computer which disable the
lower fidelity built-in speaker and omit sound They
often have a low-power internal amplifier Computer
speakers range widely in quality and in price The
computer speakers typically packaged with computer
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
13
systems are small plastic and have mediocre sound quality Some computer speakers
have equalization features such as bass and treble controls Speakers can come in a va
rity of different formats ndash buzzers bells and speakers
116 Identify the specifications of a range of office and business equipment
eg fax telephone photocopier
Fax (short for facsimile) sometimes called telecopying
is the telephonic transmission of scanned printed material
(both text and images) normally to a telephone number
connected to a printer or other output device The original
document is scanned with a fax machine which
processes the contents as a single fixed graphic image
converting it into a bitmap The information is then transmitted as electrical signals
through the telephone system The receiving fax machine reconverts the coded image
printing a paper copy
Telephone
The telephone is a telecommunications device that transmits and receives sound most
commonly the human voice Telephones are a point-to-point communication system
whose most basic function is to allow two people separated by large distances to talk to
each other It is one of the most common appliances in the developed world and has
long been considered indispensable to businesses households and governments The
word telephone has been adapted to many languages and is widely recognized around
the world
All telephones have a microphone to speak into an earphone which reproduces the
voice of the other person a ringer which makes a sound to alert the owner when a call is
coming in and a keypad
Photocopier
A photocopier is a machine that makes paper copies of documents and other visual
images quickly and cheaply Most current photocopiers use a technology called
xerography a dry process using heat
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
14
117 Distinguish between the various types of printers and plotters and outline
their advantages and disadvantages
Introduction to Printers
Deciding what kind of printer you want to purchase -- inkjet laser or multifunction -- can
be frustrating and confusing There are so many types and brands of printers to choose
from at all prices and just like computers new models seem to be introduced on a
monthly basis How can the average consumer make an informed choice
In order to make sense of it all we offer the following tips
What do you need the printer to do
This is probably the most important question to answer If you just need to occasionally
print out documents such as letters copies of Web pages from the Internet or simple
spreadsheets a low-end inkjet or laser printer is fine If you need to do presentations or
high quality photographs you want a photo printer If you print over 100 pages on a daily
basis and dont need color you may want to look at the faster laser printers And of
course if you are starting a home business and you need a combination of scanner
printer copier and fax machine a multifunction printer is best
Factors to Consider
Other important factors to be considered before purchasing a printer are
1 Resolution - the number of dots a printer prints in a square inch (over 1440 dpi is
good) Choose a higher end model with a higher resolution if you will be printing lots
of presentation-quality text graphics and photos
2 Operating Cost - Calculate the cost of replacement ink cartridges and paper
because printer users must continually purchase more ink cartridges and toner when
the old ones run out or dry up Be aware that the cost of paper toner and ink can
amount to more than the original cost of the printer within a year or so
3 Speed - the volume of printout (pages per minute) is essential if you are printing large
numbers of documents in black and white
4 Size of the printout - will you be printing on oversized or non-standard paper heavy
card stock blueprints transparencies etc Then choose a printer whose paper path
is no sharper than 90 degrees to allow printing on various types of media without
jamming
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
15
5 Photo Quality - Specialty color printers that have photo lab quality are essential if
you are looking for a printer that can print high-resolution images on photo paper
6 Digital camera cards and Memory Sticks - does the printer need to have built-in
slots for these de vices
7 Network enabled - will you be connecting the new printer to a home or office
network
8 Image processing - Processing images takes a lot of power so printers often have
as much computing horsepower and memory as a PC Some printers form the
complete image in memory prior to printing it which allows them to handle large files
quickly
9 Ease of use - how easy is the printer setup process
10 Compatibility - The newer printers are all USB-compatible which means they will
work for Windows 982000XP and with Mac System 81 or higher
11 Warranty - be sure to purchase a printer that includes a manufacturers andor store
warranty (at least 90 days)
The four main different types of printers are
Ink-jet Printers
Laser Printers
Dot-Matrix Printers
Multifunctional
Normally home computer users will use ink-jets as they are relatively cheap but superior
in quality to dot-matrix Laser jets and other printers created by new technology are
more expensive and more commonly found in the offices
Dot Matrix
Impact (Dot-matrix) printers use a set of closely
spaced pins and a ribbon to print letters or other
characters on a page These printers actually impact
the page to print a character much like a typewriter
Dot-matrix printers vary in terms of speed and the
number of pins they have They can run at a speed
anywhere between 50 and 500 CPS (Characters Per Second) The number of pins which
can vary between 9 to 24 determines the quality of the print job Dot matrix printers are
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
16
commonly used for printing invoices purchase orders shipping forms labels and other
multi-part forms Dot matrix printers can print through multi-part forms in a single pass
allowing them to produce more pages than even high-speed laser printers
Inkjet
Ink-jets(bubble-jets) printers spray ionized tiny drops of ink onto a
page to create an image This is achieved by using magnetized
plates which direct the inks path onto the paper in the desired
pattern Almost all ink-jets offer a color option as standard in varying
degrees of resolution Ink-jet printers are capable of producing high quality print which
almost matches the quality of a laser printer A standard ink-jet printer has a resolution of
300 dots per inch although newer models have improved on that As a rule color link-jet
printers can also be used as a regular black and white printer
When a Color Inkjet Printer is the Best Choice
Ink jets are a good choice if you are looking for high quality color photo output for a
reasonable price Prices start at around euro150
First youll need to decide on the type of machine you want a standard ink jet for
reasonable photos and a low purchase price or a photo ink jet for superior photo quality
All of the top models offer 4800-by-1200-dpi resolution but they vary quite a bit in terms
of printing speed
Choose an inkjet printer based on the cost of replacement ink cartridges and not on the
cost of the printer Over time ink and paper costs can exceed the cost of the printer
several times over Avoid single-cartridge printers which only come with a color cartridge
that cant print true color It is more cost effective to purchase a color inkjet with multiple
color cartridges (CMYK) so they can be replaced individually
Another cost saving tip Leaving any inkjet idle for even a week or two can allow the ink in
the tiny tubes that feed the nozzles to dry The resulting clogs cause streaks and other
anomalies in your pictures To avoid clogs print at least once a week Some printers run
a maintenance routine on startup meaning that you can keep the nozzles clear simply by
turning your printer on and off once a week Check your devices manual to see whether it
has this feature
LaserJet
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
17
Laser printers operate by shining a laser beam to produce an image on a
drum The drum is then rolled through a pool or reservoir or toner and the
electrically charged portions of the drum pick up ink Finally using a
combination of heat and pressure the ink on the drum is transferred onto the
page Laser printers print very fast and the supply cartridges work a long time Color laser
printers use the same toner-based printing process as black and white ( BW) laser
printers except that they combine four different toner colors Color laser printers can also
be used as a regular black and white laser printer
When to Choose a Laser Printer
If you do a lot of document printing dont use an inkjet printer Use a laser printer Laser
printers cost more to buy but much less to use - they are very cost effective to operate
since their toner cartridges are not replaced as often
With all costs figured in each document page printed on a typical laser printer costs from
2 cents to 5 cents on an inkjet the cost per page can run from 10 cents to 15 cents
depending on the model (This does not even count the cost of photo printing which can
cost up to a eurp per page on an inkjet when you include the high cost of photo paper and
the additional ink thats used in that mode)
Plotters
Plotters are large-scale printers that are very accurate at reproducing line drawings They
are commonly used for technical drawings such as engineering drawings or architectural
blueprints The two basic types of plotters are called flatbed plotters and drum plotters
Flatbed plotters are horizontally aligned with a flat surface to which a piece of paper is
attached The paper remains stationary and the printer moves pens across the paper to
draw the image Drum plotters also called upright plotters are vertically positioned They
have a drum that the paper rolls on Drum plotters
usually make more noise and are more compact than
flatbed plotters
Digital Photo printers
Many middle range printers
are now able to print photo
quality images Usually an
option with color printers specialist photo print
heads allow a greater resolution to be achieved to
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
18
improve photo image quality Photo ink jet printers expand their gamuts by
adding additional ink colors usually light cyan and light magenta
Network printer is a printer that provides output capabilities to
all network users
Multifunction printers combine top-quality color
ink-jet or laser printing with plain-paper and PC faxing color copying and
color scanning telephoning- all in one convenient space-saving machine
If you work from home or have a small office a multifunctional device may be ideal
Name 10 of the factors you should consider when deciding on which printer
you would buy
1) ___________________________
2) ___________________________
3) ___________________________
4) ___________________________
5) ___________________________
6) ___________________________
7) ___________________________
8) ___________________________
9) ___________________________
10) __________________________
What is the difference between a Laser Printer and an Inkjet Printer
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
19
118 Identify the various backing store devices and their associated media and
outline their advantages and disadvantages eg
Floppy Disk
Hard Disk
Optical Disk
Magnetic Tape
Memory CardStick
Magnetic Disks
119 Describe the main parts of a small network eg gateway router hub
server etc
Distinguish between a LAN and a WAN
A computer network is a number of computers linked together to allow them to share
resources Networked computers can share hardware (such as a printer) software
and data
There are two types of network
LAN - Local Area Network
WAN - Wide Area Network
Local Area Network (LAN)
A LAN is a Local Area Network covering a small area such as one building eg in a
school or a college Within a LAN computers and other hardware devices are
connected to the file server This allows the computers to share resources
Wide Area Network (WAN)
A WAN is a Wide Area Network covering a large geographical area
Within a WAN many terminals are connected to the
host computers This allows networks to be cover a
large geographical area
1 The Internet is a WAN
2 A network of bank cash dispensers is a WAN
3 A school network is a LAN
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
20
LANs are often connected to WANs for example a school network could be
connected to the Internet
Identify the components necessary to connect a computer to an Internet
Provider
To connect a computer to the internet you need
1 A computer
2 A telephone line
3 A modem
4 An account with an ISP (Internet Service Provider)
5 Browser software ndash a program which lets you connect to the internet eg
Internet Explorer or Firefox
1110 Distinguish between systems and applications software
See presentation notes
1111 Describe the major functions carried out by an operating system eg
a Providing the user interface
b Scheduling resources amongst users
c Reporting errors to the user
d File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
e Controlling operations of peripheral devices
f Running required software
g Memory management
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
21
File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
Explain the terms file folderdirectory drive
A file is usually a document created in Excel Word or any other program which we have saved onto our computer For example you may have created a file which is a memo about a meeting A folder is usually some where we have saved a file or lots of files It is important to save files in folders related to the content of the file A drive is where the actual location of the stored files and folders are Think of this as the filing cabinet the lsquoMy Documentsrsquo folder is usually saved on the C Drive of a computer
Memo To J Vincent From S Sanghera Re Meeting Please bring your notes with you
Safety Meetings Folder
File
Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
22
Explain what it means to format a disk
Formatting a disk means permanently deleting all the information on the disk or USB and making it blank To format a floppy disk or a USB go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the disk or drive and select lsquoFormatrsquo When you click on lsquoFormatrsquo you will be asked if you are sure you want to lsquoFormatrsquo if you select lsquoOKrsquo the computer will format the disk for you
Note Do not format a disk or drive unless you are sure you want to permanently delete all the information on it
The E Drive is where I have saved my work (USB memory)
These are folders in the E drive
These are files in the folder Year 7 which is saved on the E Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
23
Explain storage capacity
The storage capacity of a memory device is how much information it can hold To find the storage capacity of any drive which is part of your computer or attached to your computer go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the drive or device and go to lsquoPropertiesrsquo
From the lsquoPropertiesrsquo window you will see the overall capacity (size) of the drive and the lsquoUsedrsquo and lsquoFreersquo space available on that drive
Memory Size
Computer memory and disk space is measured by the number of bytes or characters
it is capable of holding Since these numbers are very large the terms kilobyte (KB)
megabyte (MB) and gigabyte (GB) are used
1KB = approximately 1000 bytes (1024 exactly)
1MB = approximately 1000000 bytes (1048576 exactly)
1GB = approximately 1000000000 bytes (1073741824 exactly)
Recognise the ability of computers to communicate with one another
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
24
Computers communicate
with each other via a
network or the internet The
Internet or is a global
network connecting millions
of computers In order for a
computer to connect to
another computer on the
internet the computer must
first have a modem
The modem converts the signals from digital to analogue and sends or receives the
information through the broadband or phone line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
25
Outline the main points of the Data Protection Act
Data protection is about your fundamental right to privacy You can access and
correct data about yourself Those who keep data about you have to comply with data
protection principles
What is data protection
When you give your personal details to an organisation or individual they have a duty to keep these details private and safe This process is known as data protection We refer to organisations or individuals who control the contents and use of your personal details as lsquodata controllersrsquo
Most of us give information about ourselves to groups such as Government bodies banks insurance companies medical professionals and telephone companies to use their services or meet certain conditions Organisations or individuals can also get information about us from other sources Under data protection law you have rights regarding the use of these personal details and data controllers have certain responsibilities in how they handle this information
What are my rights
You have a range of rights when a person or organisation takes and records your personal details Please read this section carefully to make sure that you are aware of your rights
1 Right to have your details used in line with data protection regulations 2 Right to information about your personal details 3 Right to access your personal details 4 Right to know if your personal details are being held 5 Right to change or remove your details 6 Right to prevent use of your personal details 7 Right to remove your details from a direct marketing list 8 Right to object 9 Right to freedom from automated decision making 10 Right to refuse direct marketing calls or mail
Reference wwwirishstatutebookie1988
Reference wwwbbccoukbitesize
Connect with power supply following appropriate safety procedures
Switch on and boot up computer using procedures appropriate to the system
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
26
Turn on the computer at the power button
Ensure your monitor is switched on
Shut down the system using appropriate procedures
Go to Start gt Turn Off Computer gt Turn Off
When the computer is off turn off the power at the plug
Operate computer with due attention to safety procedures
Donrsquot slouch
Keep your back at around a 90 degree angle
Keep your feet on the ground
Take regular breaks
Sit facing the monitor in a straight line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
9
114 Evaluate the use of various input devices with reference to specific
application eg
a Keyboard
Keyboards are one of the two basic components used for data entry Keyboards use the
Qwerty typing layout similar to typewriters Keyboards usually also have a number
keypad to the right which can be used to enter numeric data
b Mouse
c Touch sensitive screen
d Microphone (voice data entry)
e Scanner
In computing an image scannermdashoften abbreviated to
just scannermdashis a device that optically scans images printed
text handwriting or an object and converts it to a digital
image Common examples found in offices are variations of
the desktop (or flatbed) scanner where the document is placed
on a glass window for scanning
f Smart Cards
A smart card chip card or integrated
circuit card (ICC) is any pocket-sized
card with embedded integrated circuits
A smart card or microprocessor cards
contain volatile memory and
microprocessor components The card
is made of plastic
Keyboard demonstration notes Write at least one keyboard shortcut
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
10
g Sensors eg alarms climate control
A sensor also called detector is a device that
measures a physical quantity and converts it into
a signal which can be read by an observer or by
an instrument Sensors are used in everyday
objects such as touch-sensitive elevator buttons
(tactile sensor) and lamps which dim or brighten
by touching the base There are also innumerable
applications for sensors of which most people are never aware Applications include cars
machines aerospace medicine manufacturing and robotics A sensor is a device which
receives and responds to a signal
Sensors are used in alarms and in climate control to detect changes and computers can
react according to the changes appropriately for eg Fire alarm burglar alarm air
conditioning and a refrigerator
115 Evaluate the use of various output devices with reference to specific
applications eg
a Printers (impact and non-impact)
An impact printer forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper by striking a
mechanism against an ink ribbon that physically contacts the paper Impact printers are
noisy and they do not print very good quality work Impact printers use a print head
containing a number of metal pins which strike an inked ribbon placed between the print
head and the paper
Nonimpact printers form characters and graphics on a piece of paper without actually
striking the paper Some of these printers use heat and pressure to create images and
some spray ink Nonimpact printers are much quieter than impact printers because they do
not strike the paper Three types of nonimpact printers that are used most often are ink-jet
printers laser printers and thermal printers The term nonimpact is important primarily in
that it distinguishes quiet printers from noisy (impact) printers
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
11
Impact Printers Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages
1 Multiple copying depth- more than one page can be printed at the same time
2 No toner cartridge therefore cleaner
Disadvantage
1 They make so much noise that nobody wants them near
2 If tractor driven the perforated edge is a hassle
3 Separating the sheet forms
4 No printing on back
5 No collating
b Plotters
A plotter is a device that draws pictures on paper based on commands from a computer
Plotters differ from printers in that they draw lines using a pen they work by moving
a pen across the surface of a piece of paper As a result they can produce continuous
lines Which means that plotters are restricted to line art whereas other printers can
only simulate lines by printing a closely spaced series of dots Multicolour plotters use
different-coloured pens to draw different colons
They are often slow because of the mechanical movement of the pens and incapable of
efficiently creating a solid region of colour In general plotters are considerably more
expensive than printers They are used in engineering applications where precision is
mandatory
c Monitors
A monitor or display (visual display unit) is an electronic visual display for computers
The monitor comprises the display device circuitry and an enclosure The display
device in modern monitors is typically a thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-
LCD) thin panel while older monitors use a cathode ray tube about as deep as the
screen size
Originally computer monitors were used for data processing while television receivers
were used for entertainment From the 1980s onwards computers (and their monitors)
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
12
have been used for both data processing and entertainment while televisions have
implemented some computer functionality
d Disks (magnetic optical and memory cards)
The normal method of storing programs and information on a computer is on a magnetic
disk or optical disk Later we will discuss the most common types of storage in SLO
118
Magnetic Disk
The data in this device is stored on a magnetic tape in the same way as an audio tape
ie sequentially In order to retrieve data from the tape it is necessary to go to the exact
point on the tape where the piece of data is stored The technology associated with tape
storage has developed and write speeds up to 15 Mbps However read speed is greatly
affected by the time taken to find the required data Therefore this type of storage
device is usually only used for archival storage
Optical Disk
Normally referred to as CDs and consist of an optical surface on to which the data is
burned using a laser beam The data is read from the disc using a laser The DVD is a
variation of the CD Discs are now available that may be reused and these are referred
to as rewritable RW discs CDs normally hold about 650 MB
Memory Cards
This is a small memory device that is used in a variety of digital equipment such as PDAs
digital cameras laptops and USBs etc It is simply an amount of RAM which may be
plugged in and out of the unit it is used in These devices are also referred to as flash
cards or memory sticks Readwrite speed is usually less than 20 Mbps
e Speakers
Computer speakers or multimedia speakers are
speakers external to a computer which disable the
lower fidelity built-in speaker and omit sound They
often have a low-power internal amplifier Computer
speakers range widely in quality and in price The
computer speakers typically packaged with computer
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
13
systems are small plastic and have mediocre sound quality Some computer speakers
have equalization features such as bass and treble controls Speakers can come in a va
rity of different formats ndash buzzers bells and speakers
116 Identify the specifications of a range of office and business equipment
eg fax telephone photocopier
Fax (short for facsimile) sometimes called telecopying
is the telephonic transmission of scanned printed material
(both text and images) normally to a telephone number
connected to a printer or other output device The original
document is scanned with a fax machine which
processes the contents as a single fixed graphic image
converting it into a bitmap The information is then transmitted as electrical signals
through the telephone system The receiving fax machine reconverts the coded image
printing a paper copy
Telephone
The telephone is a telecommunications device that transmits and receives sound most
commonly the human voice Telephones are a point-to-point communication system
whose most basic function is to allow two people separated by large distances to talk to
each other It is one of the most common appliances in the developed world and has
long been considered indispensable to businesses households and governments The
word telephone has been adapted to many languages and is widely recognized around
the world
All telephones have a microphone to speak into an earphone which reproduces the
voice of the other person a ringer which makes a sound to alert the owner when a call is
coming in and a keypad
Photocopier
A photocopier is a machine that makes paper copies of documents and other visual
images quickly and cheaply Most current photocopiers use a technology called
xerography a dry process using heat
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
14
117 Distinguish between the various types of printers and plotters and outline
their advantages and disadvantages
Introduction to Printers
Deciding what kind of printer you want to purchase -- inkjet laser or multifunction -- can
be frustrating and confusing There are so many types and brands of printers to choose
from at all prices and just like computers new models seem to be introduced on a
monthly basis How can the average consumer make an informed choice
In order to make sense of it all we offer the following tips
What do you need the printer to do
This is probably the most important question to answer If you just need to occasionally
print out documents such as letters copies of Web pages from the Internet or simple
spreadsheets a low-end inkjet or laser printer is fine If you need to do presentations or
high quality photographs you want a photo printer If you print over 100 pages on a daily
basis and dont need color you may want to look at the faster laser printers And of
course if you are starting a home business and you need a combination of scanner
printer copier and fax machine a multifunction printer is best
Factors to Consider
Other important factors to be considered before purchasing a printer are
1 Resolution - the number of dots a printer prints in a square inch (over 1440 dpi is
good) Choose a higher end model with a higher resolution if you will be printing lots
of presentation-quality text graphics and photos
2 Operating Cost - Calculate the cost of replacement ink cartridges and paper
because printer users must continually purchase more ink cartridges and toner when
the old ones run out or dry up Be aware that the cost of paper toner and ink can
amount to more than the original cost of the printer within a year or so
3 Speed - the volume of printout (pages per minute) is essential if you are printing large
numbers of documents in black and white
4 Size of the printout - will you be printing on oversized or non-standard paper heavy
card stock blueprints transparencies etc Then choose a printer whose paper path
is no sharper than 90 degrees to allow printing on various types of media without
jamming
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
15
5 Photo Quality - Specialty color printers that have photo lab quality are essential if
you are looking for a printer that can print high-resolution images on photo paper
6 Digital camera cards and Memory Sticks - does the printer need to have built-in
slots for these de vices
7 Network enabled - will you be connecting the new printer to a home or office
network
8 Image processing - Processing images takes a lot of power so printers often have
as much computing horsepower and memory as a PC Some printers form the
complete image in memory prior to printing it which allows them to handle large files
quickly
9 Ease of use - how easy is the printer setup process
10 Compatibility - The newer printers are all USB-compatible which means they will
work for Windows 982000XP and with Mac System 81 or higher
11 Warranty - be sure to purchase a printer that includes a manufacturers andor store
warranty (at least 90 days)
The four main different types of printers are
Ink-jet Printers
Laser Printers
Dot-Matrix Printers
Multifunctional
Normally home computer users will use ink-jets as they are relatively cheap but superior
in quality to dot-matrix Laser jets and other printers created by new technology are
more expensive and more commonly found in the offices
Dot Matrix
Impact (Dot-matrix) printers use a set of closely
spaced pins and a ribbon to print letters or other
characters on a page These printers actually impact
the page to print a character much like a typewriter
Dot-matrix printers vary in terms of speed and the
number of pins they have They can run at a speed
anywhere between 50 and 500 CPS (Characters Per Second) The number of pins which
can vary between 9 to 24 determines the quality of the print job Dot matrix printers are
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
16
commonly used for printing invoices purchase orders shipping forms labels and other
multi-part forms Dot matrix printers can print through multi-part forms in a single pass
allowing them to produce more pages than even high-speed laser printers
Inkjet
Ink-jets(bubble-jets) printers spray ionized tiny drops of ink onto a
page to create an image This is achieved by using magnetized
plates which direct the inks path onto the paper in the desired
pattern Almost all ink-jets offer a color option as standard in varying
degrees of resolution Ink-jet printers are capable of producing high quality print which
almost matches the quality of a laser printer A standard ink-jet printer has a resolution of
300 dots per inch although newer models have improved on that As a rule color link-jet
printers can also be used as a regular black and white printer
When a Color Inkjet Printer is the Best Choice
Ink jets are a good choice if you are looking for high quality color photo output for a
reasonable price Prices start at around euro150
First youll need to decide on the type of machine you want a standard ink jet for
reasonable photos and a low purchase price or a photo ink jet for superior photo quality
All of the top models offer 4800-by-1200-dpi resolution but they vary quite a bit in terms
of printing speed
Choose an inkjet printer based on the cost of replacement ink cartridges and not on the
cost of the printer Over time ink and paper costs can exceed the cost of the printer
several times over Avoid single-cartridge printers which only come with a color cartridge
that cant print true color It is more cost effective to purchase a color inkjet with multiple
color cartridges (CMYK) so they can be replaced individually
Another cost saving tip Leaving any inkjet idle for even a week or two can allow the ink in
the tiny tubes that feed the nozzles to dry The resulting clogs cause streaks and other
anomalies in your pictures To avoid clogs print at least once a week Some printers run
a maintenance routine on startup meaning that you can keep the nozzles clear simply by
turning your printer on and off once a week Check your devices manual to see whether it
has this feature
LaserJet
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
17
Laser printers operate by shining a laser beam to produce an image on a
drum The drum is then rolled through a pool or reservoir or toner and the
electrically charged portions of the drum pick up ink Finally using a
combination of heat and pressure the ink on the drum is transferred onto the
page Laser printers print very fast and the supply cartridges work a long time Color laser
printers use the same toner-based printing process as black and white ( BW) laser
printers except that they combine four different toner colors Color laser printers can also
be used as a regular black and white laser printer
When to Choose a Laser Printer
If you do a lot of document printing dont use an inkjet printer Use a laser printer Laser
printers cost more to buy but much less to use - they are very cost effective to operate
since their toner cartridges are not replaced as often
With all costs figured in each document page printed on a typical laser printer costs from
2 cents to 5 cents on an inkjet the cost per page can run from 10 cents to 15 cents
depending on the model (This does not even count the cost of photo printing which can
cost up to a eurp per page on an inkjet when you include the high cost of photo paper and
the additional ink thats used in that mode)
Plotters
Plotters are large-scale printers that are very accurate at reproducing line drawings They
are commonly used for technical drawings such as engineering drawings or architectural
blueprints The two basic types of plotters are called flatbed plotters and drum plotters
Flatbed plotters are horizontally aligned with a flat surface to which a piece of paper is
attached The paper remains stationary and the printer moves pens across the paper to
draw the image Drum plotters also called upright plotters are vertically positioned They
have a drum that the paper rolls on Drum plotters
usually make more noise and are more compact than
flatbed plotters
Digital Photo printers
Many middle range printers
are now able to print photo
quality images Usually an
option with color printers specialist photo print
heads allow a greater resolution to be achieved to
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
18
improve photo image quality Photo ink jet printers expand their gamuts by
adding additional ink colors usually light cyan and light magenta
Network printer is a printer that provides output capabilities to
all network users
Multifunction printers combine top-quality color
ink-jet or laser printing with plain-paper and PC faxing color copying and
color scanning telephoning- all in one convenient space-saving machine
If you work from home or have a small office a multifunctional device may be ideal
Name 10 of the factors you should consider when deciding on which printer
you would buy
1) ___________________________
2) ___________________________
3) ___________________________
4) ___________________________
5) ___________________________
6) ___________________________
7) ___________________________
8) ___________________________
9) ___________________________
10) __________________________
What is the difference between a Laser Printer and an Inkjet Printer
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
19
118 Identify the various backing store devices and their associated media and
outline their advantages and disadvantages eg
Floppy Disk
Hard Disk
Optical Disk
Magnetic Tape
Memory CardStick
Magnetic Disks
119 Describe the main parts of a small network eg gateway router hub
server etc
Distinguish between a LAN and a WAN
A computer network is a number of computers linked together to allow them to share
resources Networked computers can share hardware (such as a printer) software
and data
There are two types of network
LAN - Local Area Network
WAN - Wide Area Network
Local Area Network (LAN)
A LAN is a Local Area Network covering a small area such as one building eg in a
school or a college Within a LAN computers and other hardware devices are
connected to the file server This allows the computers to share resources
Wide Area Network (WAN)
A WAN is a Wide Area Network covering a large geographical area
Within a WAN many terminals are connected to the
host computers This allows networks to be cover a
large geographical area
1 The Internet is a WAN
2 A network of bank cash dispensers is a WAN
3 A school network is a LAN
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
20
LANs are often connected to WANs for example a school network could be
connected to the Internet
Identify the components necessary to connect a computer to an Internet
Provider
To connect a computer to the internet you need
1 A computer
2 A telephone line
3 A modem
4 An account with an ISP (Internet Service Provider)
5 Browser software ndash a program which lets you connect to the internet eg
Internet Explorer or Firefox
1110 Distinguish between systems and applications software
See presentation notes
1111 Describe the major functions carried out by an operating system eg
a Providing the user interface
b Scheduling resources amongst users
c Reporting errors to the user
d File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
e Controlling operations of peripheral devices
f Running required software
g Memory management
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
21
File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
Explain the terms file folderdirectory drive
A file is usually a document created in Excel Word or any other program which we have saved onto our computer For example you may have created a file which is a memo about a meeting A folder is usually some where we have saved a file or lots of files It is important to save files in folders related to the content of the file A drive is where the actual location of the stored files and folders are Think of this as the filing cabinet the lsquoMy Documentsrsquo folder is usually saved on the C Drive of a computer
Memo To J Vincent From S Sanghera Re Meeting Please bring your notes with you
Safety Meetings Folder
File
Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
22
Explain what it means to format a disk
Formatting a disk means permanently deleting all the information on the disk or USB and making it blank To format a floppy disk or a USB go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the disk or drive and select lsquoFormatrsquo When you click on lsquoFormatrsquo you will be asked if you are sure you want to lsquoFormatrsquo if you select lsquoOKrsquo the computer will format the disk for you
Note Do not format a disk or drive unless you are sure you want to permanently delete all the information on it
The E Drive is where I have saved my work (USB memory)
These are folders in the E drive
These are files in the folder Year 7 which is saved on the E Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
23
Explain storage capacity
The storage capacity of a memory device is how much information it can hold To find the storage capacity of any drive which is part of your computer or attached to your computer go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the drive or device and go to lsquoPropertiesrsquo
From the lsquoPropertiesrsquo window you will see the overall capacity (size) of the drive and the lsquoUsedrsquo and lsquoFreersquo space available on that drive
Memory Size
Computer memory and disk space is measured by the number of bytes or characters
it is capable of holding Since these numbers are very large the terms kilobyte (KB)
megabyte (MB) and gigabyte (GB) are used
1KB = approximately 1000 bytes (1024 exactly)
1MB = approximately 1000000 bytes (1048576 exactly)
1GB = approximately 1000000000 bytes (1073741824 exactly)
Recognise the ability of computers to communicate with one another
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
24
Computers communicate
with each other via a
network or the internet The
Internet or is a global
network connecting millions
of computers In order for a
computer to connect to
another computer on the
internet the computer must
first have a modem
The modem converts the signals from digital to analogue and sends or receives the
information through the broadband or phone line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
25
Outline the main points of the Data Protection Act
Data protection is about your fundamental right to privacy You can access and
correct data about yourself Those who keep data about you have to comply with data
protection principles
What is data protection
When you give your personal details to an organisation or individual they have a duty to keep these details private and safe This process is known as data protection We refer to organisations or individuals who control the contents and use of your personal details as lsquodata controllersrsquo
Most of us give information about ourselves to groups such as Government bodies banks insurance companies medical professionals and telephone companies to use their services or meet certain conditions Organisations or individuals can also get information about us from other sources Under data protection law you have rights regarding the use of these personal details and data controllers have certain responsibilities in how they handle this information
What are my rights
You have a range of rights when a person or organisation takes and records your personal details Please read this section carefully to make sure that you are aware of your rights
1 Right to have your details used in line with data protection regulations 2 Right to information about your personal details 3 Right to access your personal details 4 Right to know if your personal details are being held 5 Right to change or remove your details 6 Right to prevent use of your personal details 7 Right to remove your details from a direct marketing list 8 Right to object 9 Right to freedom from automated decision making 10 Right to refuse direct marketing calls or mail
Reference wwwirishstatutebookie1988
Reference wwwbbccoukbitesize
Connect with power supply following appropriate safety procedures
Switch on and boot up computer using procedures appropriate to the system
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
26
Turn on the computer at the power button
Ensure your monitor is switched on
Shut down the system using appropriate procedures
Go to Start gt Turn Off Computer gt Turn Off
When the computer is off turn off the power at the plug
Operate computer with due attention to safety procedures
Donrsquot slouch
Keep your back at around a 90 degree angle
Keep your feet on the ground
Take regular breaks
Sit facing the monitor in a straight line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
10
g Sensors eg alarms climate control
A sensor also called detector is a device that
measures a physical quantity and converts it into
a signal which can be read by an observer or by
an instrument Sensors are used in everyday
objects such as touch-sensitive elevator buttons
(tactile sensor) and lamps which dim or brighten
by touching the base There are also innumerable
applications for sensors of which most people are never aware Applications include cars
machines aerospace medicine manufacturing and robotics A sensor is a device which
receives and responds to a signal
Sensors are used in alarms and in climate control to detect changes and computers can
react according to the changes appropriately for eg Fire alarm burglar alarm air
conditioning and a refrigerator
115 Evaluate the use of various output devices with reference to specific
applications eg
a Printers (impact and non-impact)
An impact printer forms characters and graphics on a piece of paper by striking a
mechanism against an ink ribbon that physically contacts the paper Impact printers are
noisy and they do not print very good quality work Impact printers use a print head
containing a number of metal pins which strike an inked ribbon placed between the print
head and the paper
Nonimpact printers form characters and graphics on a piece of paper without actually
striking the paper Some of these printers use heat and pressure to create images and
some spray ink Nonimpact printers are much quieter than impact printers because they do
not strike the paper Three types of nonimpact printers that are used most often are ink-jet
printers laser printers and thermal printers The term nonimpact is important primarily in
that it distinguishes quiet printers from noisy (impact) printers
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
11
Impact Printers Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages
1 Multiple copying depth- more than one page can be printed at the same time
2 No toner cartridge therefore cleaner
Disadvantage
1 They make so much noise that nobody wants them near
2 If tractor driven the perforated edge is a hassle
3 Separating the sheet forms
4 No printing on back
5 No collating
b Plotters
A plotter is a device that draws pictures on paper based on commands from a computer
Plotters differ from printers in that they draw lines using a pen they work by moving
a pen across the surface of a piece of paper As a result they can produce continuous
lines Which means that plotters are restricted to line art whereas other printers can
only simulate lines by printing a closely spaced series of dots Multicolour plotters use
different-coloured pens to draw different colons
They are often slow because of the mechanical movement of the pens and incapable of
efficiently creating a solid region of colour In general plotters are considerably more
expensive than printers They are used in engineering applications where precision is
mandatory
c Monitors
A monitor or display (visual display unit) is an electronic visual display for computers
The monitor comprises the display device circuitry and an enclosure The display
device in modern monitors is typically a thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-
LCD) thin panel while older monitors use a cathode ray tube about as deep as the
screen size
Originally computer monitors were used for data processing while television receivers
were used for entertainment From the 1980s onwards computers (and their monitors)
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
12
have been used for both data processing and entertainment while televisions have
implemented some computer functionality
d Disks (magnetic optical and memory cards)
The normal method of storing programs and information on a computer is on a magnetic
disk or optical disk Later we will discuss the most common types of storage in SLO
118
Magnetic Disk
The data in this device is stored on a magnetic tape in the same way as an audio tape
ie sequentially In order to retrieve data from the tape it is necessary to go to the exact
point on the tape where the piece of data is stored The technology associated with tape
storage has developed and write speeds up to 15 Mbps However read speed is greatly
affected by the time taken to find the required data Therefore this type of storage
device is usually only used for archival storage
Optical Disk
Normally referred to as CDs and consist of an optical surface on to which the data is
burned using a laser beam The data is read from the disc using a laser The DVD is a
variation of the CD Discs are now available that may be reused and these are referred
to as rewritable RW discs CDs normally hold about 650 MB
Memory Cards
This is a small memory device that is used in a variety of digital equipment such as PDAs
digital cameras laptops and USBs etc It is simply an amount of RAM which may be
plugged in and out of the unit it is used in These devices are also referred to as flash
cards or memory sticks Readwrite speed is usually less than 20 Mbps
e Speakers
Computer speakers or multimedia speakers are
speakers external to a computer which disable the
lower fidelity built-in speaker and omit sound They
often have a low-power internal amplifier Computer
speakers range widely in quality and in price The
computer speakers typically packaged with computer
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
13
systems are small plastic and have mediocre sound quality Some computer speakers
have equalization features such as bass and treble controls Speakers can come in a va
rity of different formats ndash buzzers bells and speakers
116 Identify the specifications of a range of office and business equipment
eg fax telephone photocopier
Fax (short for facsimile) sometimes called telecopying
is the telephonic transmission of scanned printed material
(both text and images) normally to a telephone number
connected to a printer or other output device The original
document is scanned with a fax machine which
processes the contents as a single fixed graphic image
converting it into a bitmap The information is then transmitted as electrical signals
through the telephone system The receiving fax machine reconverts the coded image
printing a paper copy
Telephone
The telephone is a telecommunications device that transmits and receives sound most
commonly the human voice Telephones are a point-to-point communication system
whose most basic function is to allow two people separated by large distances to talk to
each other It is one of the most common appliances in the developed world and has
long been considered indispensable to businesses households and governments The
word telephone has been adapted to many languages and is widely recognized around
the world
All telephones have a microphone to speak into an earphone which reproduces the
voice of the other person a ringer which makes a sound to alert the owner when a call is
coming in and a keypad
Photocopier
A photocopier is a machine that makes paper copies of documents and other visual
images quickly and cheaply Most current photocopiers use a technology called
xerography a dry process using heat
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
14
117 Distinguish between the various types of printers and plotters and outline
their advantages and disadvantages
Introduction to Printers
Deciding what kind of printer you want to purchase -- inkjet laser or multifunction -- can
be frustrating and confusing There are so many types and brands of printers to choose
from at all prices and just like computers new models seem to be introduced on a
monthly basis How can the average consumer make an informed choice
In order to make sense of it all we offer the following tips
What do you need the printer to do
This is probably the most important question to answer If you just need to occasionally
print out documents such as letters copies of Web pages from the Internet or simple
spreadsheets a low-end inkjet or laser printer is fine If you need to do presentations or
high quality photographs you want a photo printer If you print over 100 pages on a daily
basis and dont need color you may want to look at the faster laser printers And of
course if you are starting a home business and you need a combination of scanner
printer copier and fax machine a multifunction printer is best
Factors to Consider
Other important factors to be considered before purchasing a printer are
1 Resolution - the number of dots a printer prints in a square inch (over 1440 dpi is
good) Choose a higher end model with a higher resolution if you will be printing lots
of presentation-quality text graphics and photos
2 Operating Cost - Calculate the cost of replacement ink cartridges and paper
because printer users must continually purchase more ink cartridges and toner when
the old ones run out or dry up Be aware that the cost of paper toner and ink can
amount to more than the original cost of the printer within a year or so
3 Speed - the volume of printout (pages per minute) is essential if you are printing large
numbers of documents in black and white
4 Size of the printout - will you be printing on oversized or non-standard paper heavy
card stock blueprints transparencies etc Then choose a printer whose paper path
is no sharper than 90 degrees to allow printing on various types of media without
jamming
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
15
5 Photo Quality - Specialty color printers that have photo lab quality are essential if
you are looking for a printer that can print high-resolution images on photo paper
6 Digital camera cards and Memory Sticks - does the printer need to have built-in
slots for these de vices
7 Network enabled - will you be connecting the new printer to a home or office
network
8 Image processing - Processing images takes a lot of power so printers often have
as much computing horsepower and memory as a PC Some printers form the
complete image in memory prior to printing it which allows them to handle large files
quickly
9 Ease of use - how easy is the printer setup process
10 Compatibility - The newer printers are all USB-compatible which means they will
work for Windows 982000XP and with Mac System 81 or higher
11 Warranty - be sure to purchase a printer that includes a manufacturers andor store
warranty (at least 90 days)
The four main different types of printers are
Ink-jet Printers
Laser Printers
Dot-Matrix Printers
Multifunctional
Normally home computer users will use ink-jets as they are relatively cheap but superior
in quality to dot-matrix Laser jets and other printers created by new technology are
more expensive and more commonly found in the offices
Dot Matrix
Impact (Dot-matrix) printers use a set of closely
spaced pins and a ribbon to print letters or other
characters on a page These printers actually impact
the page to print a character much like a typewriter
Dot-matrix printers vary in terms of speed and the
number of pins they have They can run at a speed
anywhere between 50 and 500 CPS (Characters Per Second) The number of pins which
can vary between 9 to 24 determines the quality of the print job Dot matrix printers are
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
16
commonly used for printing invoices purchase orders shipping forms labels and other
multi-part forms Dot matrix printers can print through multi-part forms in a single pass
allowing them to produce more pages than even high-speed laser printers
Inkjet
Ink-jets(bubble-jets) printers spray ionized tiny drops of ink onto a
page to create an image This is achieved by using magnetized
plates which direct the inks path onto the paper in the desired
pattern Almost all ink-jets offer a color option as standard in varying
degrees of resolution Ink-jet printers are capable of producing high quality print which
almost matches the quality of a laser printer A standard ink-jet printer has a resolution of
300 dots per inch although newer models have improved on that As a rule color link-jet
printers can also be used as a regular black and white printer
When a Color Inkjet Printer is the Best Choice
Ink jets are a good choice if you are looking for high quality color photo output for a
reasonable price Prices start at around euro150
First youll need to decide on the type of machine you want a standard ink jet for
reasonable photos and a low purchase price or a photo ink jet for superior photo quality
All of the top models offer 4800-by-1200-dpi resolution but they vary quite a bit in terms
of printing speed
Choose an inkjet printer based on the cost of replacement ink cartridges and not on the
cost of the printer Over time ink and paper costs can exceed the cost of the printer
several times over Avoid single-cartridge printers which only come with a color cartridge
that cant print true color It is more cost effective to purchase a color inkjet with multiple
color cartridges (CMYK) so they can be replaced individually
Another cost saving tip Leaving any inkjet idle for even a week or two can allow the ink in
the tiny tubes that feed the nozzles to dry The resulting clogs cause streaks and other
anomalies in your pictures To avoid clogs print at least once a week Some printers run
a maintenance routine on startup meaning that you can keep the nozzles clear simply by
turning your printer on and off once a week Check your devices manual to see whether it
has this feature
LaserJet
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
17
Laser printers operate by shining a laser beam to produce an image on a
drum The drum is then rolled through a pool or reservoir or toner and the
electrically charged portions of the drum pick up ink Finally using a
combination of heat and pressure the ink on the drum is transferred onto the
page Laser printers print very fast and the supply cartridges work a long time Color laser
printers use the same toner-based printing process as black and white ( BW) laser
printers except that they combine four different toner colors Color laser printers can also
be used as a regular black and white laser printer
When to Choose a Laser Printer
If you do a lot of document printing dont use an inkjet printer Use a laser printer Laser
printers cost more to buy but much less to use - they are very cost effective to operate
since their toner cartridges are not replaced as often
With all costs figured in each document page printed on a typical laser printer costs from
2 cents to 5 cents on an inkjet the cost per page can run from 10 cents to 15 cents
depending on the model (This does not even count the cost of photo printing which can
cost up to a eurp per page on an inkjet when you include the high cost of photo paper and
the additional ink thats used in that mode)
Plotters
Plotters are large-scale printers that are very accurate at reproducing line drawings They
are commonly used for technical drawings such as engineering drawings or architectural
blueprints The two basic types of plotters are called flatbed plotters and drum plotters
Flatbed plotters are horizontally aligned with a flat surface to which a piece of paper is
attached The paper remains stationary and the printer moves pens across the paper to
draw the image Drum plotters also called upright plotters are vertically positioned They
have a drum that the paper rolls on Drum plotters
usually make more noise and are more compact than
flatbed plotters
Digital Photo printers
Many middle range printers
are now able to print photo
quality images Usually an
option with color printers specialist photo print
heads allow a greater resolution to be achieved to
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
18
improve photo image quality Photo ink jet printers expand their gamuts by
adding additional ink colors usually light cyan and light magenta
Network printer is a printer that provides output capabilities to
all network users
Multifunction printers combine top-quality color
ink-jet or laser printing with plain-paper and PC faxing color copying and
color scanning telephoning- all in one convenient space-saving machine
If you work from home or have a small office a multifunctional device may be ideal
Name 10 of the factors you should consider when deciding on which printer
you would buy
1) ___________________________
2) ___________________________
3) ___________________________
4) ___________________________
5) ___________________________
6) ___________________________
7) ___________________________
8) ___________________________
9) ___________________________
10) __________________________
What is the difference between a Laser Printer and an Inkjet Printer
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
19
118 Identify the various backing store devices and their associated media and
outline their advantages and disadvantages eg
Floppy Disk
Hard Disk
Optical Disk
Magnetic Tape
Memory CardStick
Magnetic Disks
119 Describe the main parts of a small network eg gateway router hub
server etc
Distinguish between a LAN and a WAN
A computer network is a number of computers linked together to allow them to share
resources Networked computers can share hardware (such as a printer) software
and data
There are two types of network
LAN - Local Area Network
WAN - Wide Area Network
Local Area Network (LAN)
A LAN is a Local Area Network covering a small area such as one building eg in a
school or a college Within a LAN computers and other hardware devices are
connected to the file server This allows the computers to share resources
Wide Area Network (WAN)
A WAN is a Wide Area Network covering a large geographical area
Within a WAN many terminals are connected to the
host computers This allows networks to be cover a
large geographical area
1 The Internet is a WAN
2 A network of bank cash dispensers is a WAN
3 A school network is a LAN
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
20
LANs are often connected to WANs for example a school network could be
connected to the Internet
Identify the components necessary to connect a computer to an Internet
Provider
To connect a computer to the internet you need
1 A computer
2 A telephone line
3 A modem
4 An account with an ISP (Internet Service Provider)
5 Browser software ndash a program which lets you connect to the internet eg
Internet Explorer or Firefox
1110 Distinguish between systems and applications software
See presentation notes
1111 Describe the major functions carried out by an operating system eg
a Providing the user interface
b Scheduling resources amongst users
c Reporting errors to the user
d File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
e Controlling operations of peripheral devices
f Running required software
g Memory management
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
21
File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
Explain the terms file folderdirectory drive
A file is usually a document created in Excel Word or any other program which we have saved onto our computer For example you may have created a file which is a memo about a meeting A folder is usually some where we have saved a file or lots of files It is important to save files in folders related to the content of the file A drive is where the actual location of the stored files and folders are Think of this as the filing cabinet the lsquoMy Documentsrsquo folder is usually saved on the C Drive of a computer
Memo To J Vincent From S Sanghera Re Meeting Please bring your notes with you
Safety Meetings Folder
File
Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
22
Explain what it means to format a disk
Formatting a disk means permanently deleting all the information on the disk or USB and making it blank To format a floppy disk or a USB go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the disk or drive and select lsquoFormatrsquo When you click on lsquoFormatrsquo you will be asked if you are sure you want to lsquoFormatrsquo if you select lsquoOKrsquo the computer will format the disk for you
Note Do not format a disk or drive unless you are sure you want to permanently delete all the information on it
The E Drive is where I have saved my work (USB memory)
These are folders in the E drive
These are files in the folder Year 7 which is saved on the E Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
23
Explain storage capacity
The storage capacity of a memory device is how much information it can hold To find the storage capacity of any drive which is part of your computer or attached to your computer go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the drive or device and go to lsquoPropertiesrsquo
From the lsquoPropertiesrsquo window you will see the overall capacity (size) of the drive and the lsquoUsedrsquo and lsquoFreersquo space available on that drive
Memory Size
Computer memory and disk space is measured by the number of bytes or characters
it is capable of holding Since these numbers are very large the terms kilobyte (KB)
megabyte (MB) and gigabyte (GB) are used
1KB = approximately 1000 bytes (1024 exactly)
1MB = approximately 1000000 bytes (1048576 exactly)
1GB = approximately 1000000000 bytes (1073741824 exactly)
Recognise the ability of computers to communicate with one another
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
24
Computers communicate
with each other via a
network or the internet The
Internet or is a global
network connecting millions
of computers In order for a
computer to connect to
another computer on the
internet the computer must
first have a modem
The modem converts the signals from digital to analogue and sends or receives the
information through the broadband or phone line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
25
Outline the main points of the Data Protection Act
Data protection is about your fundamental right to privacy You can access and
correct data about yourself Those who keep data about you have to comply with data
protection principles
What is data protection
When you give your personal details to an organisation or individual they have a duty to keep these details private and safe This process is known as data protection We refer to organisations or individuals who control the contents and use of your personal details as lsquodata controllersrsquo
Most of us give information about ourselves to groups such as Government bodies banks insurance companies medical professionals and telephone companies to use their services or meet certain conditions Organisations or individuals can also get information about us from other sources Under data protection law you have rights regarding the use of these personal details and data controllers have certain responsibilities in how they handle this information
What are my rights
You have a range of rights when a person or organisation takes and records your personal details Please read this section carefully to make sure that you are aware of your rights
1 Right to have your details used in line with data protection regulations 2 Right to information about your personal details 3 Right to access your personal details 4 Right to know if your personal details are being held 5 Right to change or remove your details 6 Right to prevent use of your personal details 7 Right to remove your details from a direct marketing list 8 Right to object 9 Right to freedom from automated decision making 10 Right to refuse direct marketing calls or mail
Reference wwwirishstatutebookie1988
Reference wwwbbccoukbitesize
Connect with power supply following appropriate safety procedures
Switch on and boot up computer using procedures appropriate to the system
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
26
Turn on the computer at the power button
Ensure your monitor is switched on
Shut down the system using appropriate procedures
Go to Start gt Turn Off Computer gt Turn Off
When the computer is off turn off the power at the plug
Operate computer with due attention to safety procedures
Donrsquot slouch
Keep your back at around a 90 degree angle
Keep your feet on the ground
Take regular breaks
Sit facing the monitor in a straight line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
11
Impact Printers Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages
1 Multiple copying depth- more than one page can be printed at the same time
2 No toner cartridge therefore cleaner
Disadvantage
1 They make so much noise that nobody wants them near
2 If tractor driven the perforated edge is a hassle
3 Separating the sheet forms
4 No printing on back
5 No collating
b Plotters
A plotter is a device that draws pictures on paper based on commands from a computer
Plotters differ from printers in that they draw lines using a pen they work by moving
a pen across the surface of a piece of paper As a result they can produce continuous
lines Which means that plotters are restricted to line art whereas other printers can
only simulate lines by printing a closely spaced series of dots Multicolour plotters use
different-coloured pens to draw different colons
They are often slow because of the mechanical movement of the pens and incapable of
efficiently creating a solid region of colour In general plotters are considerably more
expensive than printers They are used in engineering applications where precision is
mandatory
c Monitors
A monitor or display (visual display unit) is an electronic visual display for computers
The monitor comprises the display device circuitry and an enclosure The display
device in modern monitors is typically a thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-
LCD) thin panel while older monitors use a cathode ray tube about as deep as the
screen size
Originally computer monitors were used for data processing while television receivers
were used for entertainment From the 1980s onwards computers (and their monitors)
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
12
have been used for both data processing and entertainment while televisions have
implemented some computer functionality
d Disks (magnetic optical and memory cards)
The normal method of storing programs and information on a computer is on a magnetic
disk or optical disk Later we will discuss the most common types of storage in SLO
118
Magnetic Disk
The data in this device is stored on a magnetic tape in the same way as an audio tape
ie sequentially In order to retrieve data from the tape it is necessary to go to the exact
point on the tape where the piece of data is stored The technology associated with tape
storage has developed and write speeds up to 15 Mbps However read speed is greatly
affected by the time taken to find the required data Therefore this type of storage
device is usually only used for archival storage
Optical Disk
Normally referred to as CDs and consist of an optical surface on to which the data is
burned using a laser beam The data is read from the disc using a laser The DVD is a
variation of the CD Discs are now available that may be reused and these are referred
to as rewritable RW discs CDs normally hold about 650 MB
Memory Cards
This is a small memory device that is used in a variety of digital equipment such as PDAs
digital cameras laptops and USBs etc It is simply an amount of RAM which may be
plugged in and out of the unit it is used in These devices are also referred to as flash
cards or memory sticks Readwrite speed is usually less than 20 Mbps
e Speakers
Computer speakers or multimedia speakers are
speakers external to a computer which disable the
lower fidelity built-in speaker and omit sound They
often have a low-power internal amplifier Computer
speakers range widely in quality and in price The
computer speakers typically packaged with computer
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
13
systems are small plastic and have mediocre sound quality Some computer speakers
have equalization features such as bass and treble controls Speakers can come in a va
rity of different formats ndash buzzers bells and speakers
116 Identify the specifications of a range of office and business equipment
eg fax telephone photocopier
Fax (short for facsimile) sometimes called telecopying
is the telephonic transmission of scanned printed material
(both text and images) normally to a telephone number
connected to a printer or other output device The original
document is scanned with a fax machine which
processes the contents as a single fixed graphic image
converting it into a bitmap The information is then transmitted as electrical signals
through the telephone system The receiving fax machine reconverts the coded image
printing a paper copy
Telephone
The telephone is a telecommunications device that transmits and receives sound most
commonly the human voice Telephones are a point-to-point communication system
whose most basic function is to allow two people separated by large distances to talk to
each other It is one of the most common appliances in the developed world and has
long been considered indispensable to businesses households and governments The
word telephone has been adapted to many languages and is widely recognized around
the world
All telephones have a microphone to speak into an earphone which reproduces the
voice of the other person a ringer which makes a sound to alert the owner when a call is
coming in and a keypad
Photocopier
A photocopier is a machine that makes paper copies of documents and other visual
images quickly and cheaply Most current photocopiers use a technology called
xerography a dry process using heat
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
14
117 Distinguish between the various types of printers and plotters and outline
their advantages and disadvantages
Introduction to Printers
Deciding what kind of printer you want to purchase -- inkjet laser or multifunction -- can
be frustrating and confusing There are so many types and brands of printers to choose
from at all prices and just like computers new models seem to be introduced on a
monthly basis How can the average consumer make an informed choice
In order to make sense of it all we offer the following tips
What do you need the printer to do
This is probably the most important question to answer If you just need to occasionally
print out documents such as letters copies of Web pages from the Internet or simple
spreadsheets a low-end inkjet or laser printer is fine If you need to do presentations or
high quality photographs you want a photo printer If you print over 100 pages on a daily
basis and dont need color you may want to look at the faster laser printers And of
course if you are starting a home business and you need a combination of scanner
printer copier and fax machine a multifunction printer is best
Factors to Consider
Other important factors to be considered before purchasing a printer are
1 Resolution - the number of dots a printer prints in a square inch (over 1440 dpi is
good) Choose a higher end model with a higher resolution if you will be printing lots
of presentation-quality text graphics and photos
2 Operating Cost - Calculate the cost of replacement ink cartridges and paper
because printer users must continually purchase more ink cartridges and toner when
the old ones run out or dry up Be aware that the cost of paper toner and ink can
amount to more than the original cost of the printer within a year or so
3 Speed - the volume of printout (pages per minute) is essential if you are printing large
numbers of documents in black and white
4 Size of the printout - will you be printing on oversized or non-standard paper heavy
card stock blueprints transparencies etc Then choose a printer whose paper path
is no sharper than 90 degrees to allow printing on various types of media without
jamming
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
15
5 Photo Quality - Specialty color printers that have photo lab quality are essential if
you are looking for a printer that can print high-resolution images on photo paper
6 Digital camera cards and Memory Sticks - does the printer need to have built-in
slots for these de vices
7 Network enabled - will you be connecting the new printer to a home or office
network
8 Image processing - Processing images takes a lot of power so printers often have
as much computing horsepower and memory as a PC Some printers form the
complete image in memory prior to printing it which allows them to handle large files
quickly
9 Ease of use - how easy is the printer setup process
10 Compatibility - The newer printers are all USB-compatible which means they will
work for Windows 982000XP and with Mac System 81 or higher
11 Warranty - be sure to purchase a printer that includes a manufacturers andor store
warranty (at least 90 days)
The four main different types of printers are
Ink-jet Printers
Laser Printers
Dot-Matrix Printers
Multifunctional
Normally home computer users will use ink-jets as they are relatively cheap but superior
in quality to dot-matrix Laser jets and other printers created by new technology are
more expensive and more commonly found in the offices
Dot Matrix
Impact (Dot-matrix) printers use a set of closely
spaced pins and a ribbon to print letters or other
characters on a page These printers actually impact
the page to print a character much like a typewriter
Dot-matrix printers vary in terms of speed and the
number of pins they have They can run at a speed
anywhere between 50 and 500 CPS (Characters Per Second) The number of pins which
can vary between 9 to 24 determines the quality of the print job Dot matrix printers are
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
16
commonly used for printing invoices purchase orders shipping forms labels and other
multi-part forms Dot matrix printers can print through multi-part forms in a single pass
allowing them to produce more pages than even high-speed laser printers
Inkjet
Ink-jets(bubble-jets) printers spray ionized tiny drops of ink onto a
page to create an image This is achieved by using magnetized
plates which direct the inks path onto the paper in the desired
pattern Almost all ink-jets offer a color option as standard in varying
degrees of resolution Ink-jet printers are capable of producing high quality print which
almost matches the quality of a laser printer A standard ink-jet printer has a resolution of
300 dots per inch although newer models have improved on that As a rule color link-jet
printers can also be used as a regular black and white printer
When a Color Inkjet Printer is the Best Choice
Ink jets are a good choice if you are looking for high quality color photo output for a
reasonable price Prices start at around euro150
First youll need to decide on the type of machine you want a standard ink jet for
reasonable photos and a low purchase price or a photo ink jet for superior photo quality
All of the top models offer 4800-by-1200-dpi resolution but they vary quite a bit in terms
of printing speed
Choose an inkjet printer based on the cost of replacement ink cartridges and not on the
cost of the printer Over time ink and paper costs can exceed the cost of the printer
several times over Avoid single-cartridge printers which only come with a color cartridge
that cant print true color It is more cost effective to purchase a color inkjet with multiple
color cartridges (CMYK) so they can be replaced individually
Another cost saving tip Leaving any inkjet idle for even a week or two can allow the ink in
the tiny tubes that feed the nozzles to dry The resulting clogs cause streaks and other
anomalies in your pictures To avoid clogs print at least once a week Some printers run
a maintenance routine on startup meaning that you can keep the nozzles clear simply by
turning your printer on and off once a week Check your devices manual to see whether it
has this feature
LaserJet
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
17
Laser printers operate by shining a laser beam to produce an image on a
drum The drum is then rolled through a pool or reservoir or toner and the
electrically charged portions of the drum pick up ink Finally using a
combination of heat and pressure the ink on the drum is transferred onto the
page Laser printers print very fast and the supply cartridges work a long time Color laser
printers use the same toner-based printing process as black and white ( BW) laser
printers except that they combine four different toner colors Color laser printers can also
be used as a regular black and white laser printer
When to Choose a Laser Printer
If you do a lot of document printing dont use an inkjet printer Use a laser printer Laser
printers cost more to buy but much less to use - they are very cost effective to operate
since their toner cartridges are not replaced as often
With all costs figured in each document page printed on a typical laser printer costs from
2 cents to 5 cents on an inkjet the cost per page can run from 10 cents to 15 cents
depending on the model (This does not even count the cost of photo printing which can
cost up to a eurp per page on an inkjet when you include the high cost of photo paper and
the additional ink thats used in that mode)
Plotters
Plotters are large-scale printers that are very accurate at reproducing line drawings They
are commonly used for technical drawings such as engineering drawings or architectural
blueprints The two basic types of plotters are called flatbed plotters and drum plotters
Flatbed plotters are horizontally aligned with a flat surface to which a piece of paper is
attached The paper remains stationary and the printer moves pens across the paper to
draw the image Drum plotters also called upright plotters are vertically positioned They
have a drum that the paper rolls on Drum plotters
usually make more noise and are more compact than
flatbed plotters
Digital Photo printers
Many middle range printers
are now able to print photo
quality images Usually an
option with color printers specialist photo print
heads allow a greater resolution to be achieved to
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
18
improve photo image quality Photo ink jet printers expand their gamuts by
adding additional ink colors usually light cyan and light magenta
Network printer is a printer that provides output capabilities to
all network users
Multifunction printers combine top-quality color
ink-jet or laser printing with plain-paper and PC faxing color copying and
color scanning telephoning- all in one convenient space-saving machine
If you work from home or have a small office a multifunctional device may be ideal
Name 10 of the factors you should consider when deciding on which printer
you would buy
1) ___________________________
2) ___________________________
3) ___________________________
4) ___________________________
5) ___________________________
6) ___________________________
7) ___________________________
8) ___________________________
9) ___________________________
10) __________________________
What is the difference between a Laser Printer and an Inkjet Printer
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
19
118 Identify the various backing store devices and their associated media and
outline their advantages and disadvantages eg
Floppy Disk
Hard Disk
Optical Disk
Magnetic Tape
Memory CardStick
Magnetic Disks
119 Describe the main parts of a small network eg gateway router hub
server etc
Distinguish between a LAN and a WAN
A computer network is a number of computers linked together to allow them to share
resources Networked computers can share hardware (such as a printer) software
and data
There are two types of network
LAN - Local Area Network
WAN - Wide Area Network
Local Area Network (LAN)
A LAN is a Local Area Network covering a small area such as one building eg in a
school or a college Within a LAN computers and other hardware devices are
connected to the file server This allows the computers to share resources
Wide Area Network (WAN)
A WAN is a Wide Area Network covering a large geographical area
Within a WAN many terminals are connected to the
host computers This allows networks to be cover a
large geographical area
1 The Internet is a WAN
2 A network of bank cash dispensers is a WAN
3 A school network is a LAN
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
20
LANs are often connected to WANs for example a school network could be
connected to the Internet
Identify the components necessary to connect a computer to an Internet
Provider
To connect a computer to the internet you need
1 A computer
2 A telephone line
3 A modem
4 An account with an ISP (Internet Service Provider)
5 Browser software ndash a program which lets you connect to the internet eg
Internet Explorer or Firefox
1110 Distinguish between systems and applications software
See presentation notes
1111 Describe the major functions carried out by an operating system eg
a Providing the user interface
b Scheduling resources amongst users
c Reporting errors to the user
d File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
e Controlling operations of peripheral devices
f Running required software
g Memory management
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
21
File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
Explain the terms file folderdirectory drive
A file is usually a document created in Excel Word or any other program which we have saved onto our computer For example you may have created a file which is a memo about a meeting A folder is usually some where we have saved a file or lots of files It is important to save files in folders related to the content of the file A drive is where the actual location of the stored files and folders are Think of this as the filing cabinet the lsquoMy Documentsrsquo folder is usually saved on the C Drive of a computer
Memo To J Vincent From S Sanghera Re Meeting Please bring your notes with you
Safety Meetings Folder
File
Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
22
Explain what it means to format a disk
Formatting a disk means permanently deleting all the information on the disk or USB and making it blank To format a floppy disk or a USB go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the disk or drive and select lsquoFormatrsquo When you click on lsquoFormatrsquo you will be asked if you are sure you want to lsquoFormatrsquo if you select lsquoOKrsquo the computer will format the disk for you
Note Do not format a disk or drive unless you are sure you want to permanently delete all the information on it
The E Drive is where I have saved my work (USB memory)
These are folders in the E drive
These are files in the folder Year 7 which is saved on the E Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
23
Explain storage capacity
The storage capacity of a memory device is how much information it can hold To find the storage capacity of any drive which is part of your computer or attached to your computer go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the drive or device and go to lsquoPropertiesrsquo
From the lsquoPropertiesrsquo window you will see the overall capacity (size) of the drive and the lsquoUsedrsquo and lsquoFreersquo space available on that drive
Memory Size
Computer memory and disk space is measured by the number of bytes or characters
it is capable of holding Since these numbers are very large the terms kilobyte (KB)
megabyte (MB) and gigabyte (GB) are used
1KB = approximately 1000 bytes (1024 exactly)
1MB = approximately 1000000 bytes (1048576 exactly)
1GB = approximately 1000000000 bytes (1073741824 exactly)
Recognise the ability of computers to communicate with one another
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
24
Computers communicate
with each other via a
network or the internet The
Internet or is a global
network connecting millions
of computers In order for a
computer to connect to
another computer on the
internet the computer must
first have a modem
The modem converts the signals from digital to analogue and sends or receives the
information through the broadband or phone line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
25
Outline the main points of the Data Protection Act
Data protection is about your fundamental right to privacy You can access and
correct data about yourself Those who keep data about you have to comply with data
protection principles
What is data protection
When you give your personal details to an organisation or individual they have a duty to keep these details private and safe This process is known as data protection We refer to organisations or individuals who control the contents and use of your personal details as lsquodata controllersrsquo
Most of us give information about ourselves to groups such as Government bodies banks insurance companies medical professionals and telephone companies to use their services or meet certain conditions Organisations or individuals can also get information about us from other sources Under data protection law you have rights regarding the use of these personal details and data controllers have certain responsibilities in how they handle this information
What are my rights
You have a range of rights when a person or organisation takes and records your personal details Please read this section carefully to make sure that you are aware of your rights
1 Right to have your details used in line with data protection regulations 2 Right to information about your personal details 3 Right to access your personal details 4 Right to know if your personal details are being held 5 Right to change or remove your details 6 Right to prevent use of your personal details 7 Right to remove your details from a direct marketing list 8 Right to object 9 Right to freedom from automated decision making 10 Right to refuse direct marketing calls or mail
Reference wwwirishstatutebookie1988
Reference wwwbbccoukbitesize
Connect with power supply following appropriate safety procedures
Switch on and boot up computer using procedures appropriate to the system
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
26
Turn on the computer at the power button
Ensure your monitor is switched on
Shut down the system using appropriate procedures
Go to Start gt Turn Off Computer gt Turn Off
When the computer is off turn off the power at the plug
Operate computer with due attention to safety procedures
Donrsquot slouch
Keep your back at around a 90 degree angle
Keep your feet on the ground
Take regular breaks
Sit facing the monitor in a straight line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
12
have been used for both data processing and entertainment while televisions have
implemented some computer functionality
d Disks (magnetic optical and memory cards)
The normal method of storing programs and information on a computer is on a magnetic
disk or optical disk Later we will discuss the most common types of storage in SLO
118
Magnetic Disk
The data in this device is stored on a magnetic tape in the same way as an audio tape
ie sequentially In order to retrieve data from the tape it is necessary to go to the exact
point on the tape where the piece of data is stored The technology associated with tape
storage has developed and write speeds up to 15 Mbps However read speed is greatly
affected by the time taken to find the required data Therefore this type of storage
device is usually only used for archival storage
Optical Disk
Normally referred to as CDs and consist of an optical surface on to which the data is
burned using a laser beam The data is read from the disc using a laser The DVD is a
variation of the CD Discs are now available that may be reused and these are referred
to as rewritable RW discs CDs normally hold about 650 MB
Memory Cards
This is a small memory device that is used in a variety of digital equipment such as PDAs
digital cameras laptops and USBs etc It is simply an amount of RAM which may be
plugged in and out of the unit it is used in These devices are also referred to as flash
cards or memory sticks Readwrite speed is usually less than 20 Mbps
e Speakers
Computer speakers or multimedia speakers are
speakers external to a computer which disable the
lower fidelity built-in speaker and omit sound They
often have a low-power internal amplifier Computer
speakers range widely in quality and in price The
computer speakers typically packaged with computer
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
13
systems are small plastic and have mediocre sound quality Some computer speakers
have equalization features such as bass and treble controls Speakers can come in a va
rity of different formats ndash buzzers bells and speakers
116 Identify the specifications of a range of office and business equipment
eg fax telephone photocopier
Fax (short for facsimile) sometimes called telecopying
is the telephonic transmission of scanned printed material
(both text and images) normally to a telephone number
connected to a printer or other output device The original
document is scanned with a fax machine which
processes the contents as a single fixed graphic image
converting it into a bitmap The information is then transmitted as electrical signals
through the telephone system The receiving fax machine reconverts the coded image
printing a paper copy
Telephone
The telephone is a telecommunications device that transmits and receives sound most
commonly the human voice Telephones are a point-to-point communication system
whose most basic function is to allow two people separated by large distances to talk to
each other It is one of the most common appliances in the developed world and has
long been considered indispensable to businesses households and governments The
word telephone has been adapted to many languages and is widely recognized around
the world
All telephones have a microphone to speak into an earphone which reproduces the
voice of the other person a ringer which makes a sound to alert the owner when a call is
coming in and a keypad
Photocopier
A photocopier is a machine that makes paper copies of documents and other visual
images quickly and cheaply Most current photocopiers use a technology called
xerography a dry process using heat
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
14
117 Distinguish between the various types of printers and plotters and outline
their advantages and disadvantages
Introduction to Printers
Deciding what kind of printer you want to purchase -- inkjet laser or multifunction -- can
be frustrating and confusing There are so many types and brands of printers to choose
from at all prices and just like computers new models seem to be introduced on a
monthly basis How can the average consumer make an informed choice
In order to make sense of it all we offer the following tips
What do you need the printer to do
This is probably the most important question to answer If you just need to occasionally
print out documents such as letters copies of Web pages from the Internet or simple
spreadsheets a low-end inkjet or laser printer is fine If you need to do presentations or
high quality photographs you want a photo printer If you print over 100 pages on a daily
basis and dont need color you may want to look at the faster laser printers And of
course if you are starting a home business and you need a combination of scanner
printer copier and fax machine a multifunction printer is best
Factors to Consider
Other important factors to be considered before purchasing a printer are
1 Resolution - the number of dots a printer prints in a square inch (over 1440 dpi is
good) Choose a higher end model with a higher resolution if you will be printing lots
of presentation-quality text graphics and photos
2 Operating Cost - Calculate the cost of replacement ink cartridges and paper
because printer users must continually purchase more ink cartridges and toner when
the old ones run out or dry up Be aware that the cost of paper toner and ink can
amount to more than the original cost of the printer within a year or so
3 Speed - the volume of printout (pages per minute) is essential if you are printing large
numbers of documents in black and white
4 Size of the printout - will you be printing on oversized or non-standard paper heavy
card stock blueprints transparencies etc Then choose a printer whose paper path
is no sharper than 90 degrees to allow printing on various types of media without
jamming
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
15
5 Photo Quality - Specialty color printers that have photo lab quality are essential if
you are looking for a printer that can print high-resolution images on photo paper
6 Digital camera cards and Memory Sticks - does the printer need to have built-in
slots for these de vices
7 Network enabled - will you be connecting the new printer to a home or office
network
8 Image processing - Processing images takes a lot of power so printers often have
as much computing horsepower and memory as a PC Some printers form the
complete image in memory prior to printing it which allows them to handle large files
quickly
9 Ease of use - how easy is the printer setup process
10 Compatibility - The newer printers are all USB-compatible which means they will
work for Windows 982000XP and with Mac System 81 or higher
11 Warranty - be sure to purchase a printer that includes a manufacturers andor store
warranty (at least 90 days)
The four main different types of printers are
Ink-jet Printers
Laser Printers
Dot-Matrix Printers
Multifunctional
Normally home computer users will use ink-jets as they are relatively cheap but superior
in quality to dot-matrix Laser jets and other printers created by new technology are
more expensive and more commonly found in the offices
Dot Matrix
Impact (Dot-matrix) printers use a set of closely
spaced pins and a ribbon to print letters or other
characters on a page These printers actually impact
the page to print a character much like a typewriter
Dot-matrix printers vary in terms of speed and the
number of pins they have They can run at a speed
anywhere between 50 and 500 CPS (Characters Per Second) The number of pins which
can vary between 9 to 24 determines the quality of the print job Dot matrix printers are
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
16
commonly used for printing invoices purchase orders shipping forms labels and other
multi-part forms Dot matrix printers can print through multi-part forms in a single pass
allowing them to produce more pages than even high-speed laser printers
Inkjet
Ink-jets(bubble-jets) printers spray ionized tiny drops of ink onto a
page to create an image This is achieved by using magnetized
plates which direct the inks path onto the paper in the desired
pattern Almost all ink-jets offer a color option as standard in varying
degrees of resolution Ink-jet printers are capable of producing high quality print which
almost matches the quality of a laser printer A standard ink-jet printer has a resolution of
300 dots per inch although newer models have improved on that As a rule color link-jet
printers can also be used as a regular black and white printer
When a Color Inkjet Printer is the Best Choice
Ink jets are a good choice if you are looking for high quality color photo output for a
reasonable price Prices start at around euro150
First youll need to decide on the type of machine you want a standard ink jet for
reasonable photos and a low purchase price or a photo ink jet for superior photo quality
All of the top models offer 4800-by-1200-dpi resolution but they vary quite a bit in terms
of printing speed
Choose an inkjet printer based on the cost of replacement ink cartridges and not on the
cost of the printer Over time ink and paper costs can exceed the cost of the printer
several times over Avoid single-cartridge printers which only come with a color cartridge
that cant print true color It is more cost effective to purchase a color inkjet with multiple
color cartridges (CMYK) so they can be replaced individually
Another cost saving tip Leaving any inkjet idle for even a week or two can allow the ink in
the tiny tubes that feed the nozzles to dry The resulting clogs cause streaks and other
anomalies in your pictures To avoid clogs print at least once a week Some printers run
a maintenance routine on startup meaning that you can keep the nozzles clear simply by
turning your printer on and off once a week Check your devices manual to see whether it
has this feature
LaserJet
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
17
Laser printers operate by shining a laser beam to produce an image on a
drum The drum is then rolled through a pool or reservoir or toner and the
electrically charged portions of the drum pick up ink Finally using a
combination of heat and pressure the ink on the drum is transferred onto the
page Laser printers print very fast and the supply cartridges work a long time Color laser
printers use the same toner-based printing process as black and white ( BW) laser
printers except that they combine four different toner colors Color laser printers can also
be used as a regular black and white laser printer
When to Choose a Laser Printer
If you do a lot of document printing dont use an inkjet printer Use a laser printer Laser
printers cost more to buy but much less to use - they are very cost effective to operate
since their toner cartridges are not replaced as often
With all costs figured in each document page printed on a typical laser printer costs from
2 cents to 5 cents on an inkjet the cost per page can run from 10 cents to 15 cents
depending on the model (This does not even count the cost of photo printing which can
cost up to a eurp per page on an inkjet when you include the high cost of photo paper and
the additional ink thats used in that mode)
Plotters
Plotters are large-scale printers that are very accurate at reproducing line drawings They
are commonly used for technical drawings such as engineering drawings or architectural
blueprints The two basic types of plotters are called flatbed plotters and drum plotters
Flatbed plotters are horizontally aligned with a flat surface to which a piece of paper is
attached The paper remains stationary and the printer moves pens across the paper to
draw the image Drum plotters also called upright plotters are vertically positioned They
have a drum that the paper rolls on Drum plotters
usually make more noise and are more compact than
flatbed plotters
Digital Photo printers
Many middle range printers
are now able to print photo
quality images Usually an
option with color printers specialist photo print
heads allow a greater resolution to be achieved to
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
18
improve photo image quality Photo ink jet printers expand their gamuts by
adding additional ink colors usually light cyan and light magenta
Network printer is a printer that provides output capabilities to
all network users
Multifunction printers combine top-quality color
ink-jet or laser printing with plain-paper and PC faxing color copying and
color scanning telephoning- all in one convenient space-saving machine
If you work from home or have a small office a multifunctional device may be ideal
Name 10 of the factors you should consider when deciding on which printer
you would buy
1) ___________________________
2) ___________________________
3) ___________________________
4) ___________________________
5) ___________________________
6) ___________________________
7) ___________________________
8) ___________________________
9) ___________________________
10) __________________________
What is the difference between a Laser Printer and an Inkjet Printer
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
19
118 Identify the various backing store devices and their associated media and
outline their advantages and disadvantages eg
Floppy Disk
Hard Disk
Optical Disk
Magnetic Tape
Memory CardStick
Magnetic Disks
119 Describe the main parts of a small network eg gateway router hub
server etc
Distinguish between a LAN and a WAN
A computer network is a number of computers linked together to allow them to share
resources Networked computers can share hardware (such as a printer) software
and data
There are two types of network
LAN - Local Area Network
WAN - Wide Area Network
Local Area Network (LAN)
A LAN is a Local Area Network covering a small area such as one building eg in a
school or a college Within a LAN computers and other hardware devices are
connected to the file server This allows the computers to share resources
Wide Area Network (WAN)
A WAN is a Wide Area Network covering a large geographical area
Within a WAN many terminals are connected to the
host computers This allows networks to be cover a
large geographical area
1 The Internet is a WAN
2 A network of bank cash dispensers is a WAN
3 A school network is a LAN
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
20
LANs are often connected to WANs for example a school network could be
connected to the Internet
Identify the components necessary to connect a computer to an Internet
Provider
To connect a computer to the internet you need
1 A computer
2 A telephone line
3 A modem
4 An account with an ISP (Internet Service Provider)
5 Browser software ndash a program which lets you connect to the internet eg
Internet Explorer or Firefox
1110 Distinguish between systems and applications software
See presentation notes
1111 Describe the major functions carried out by an operating system eg
a Providing the user interface
b Scheduling resources amongst users
c Reporting errors to the user
d File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
e Controlling operations of peripheral devices
f Running required software
g Memory management
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
21
File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
Explain the terms file folderdirectory drive
A file is usually a document created in Excel Word or any other program which we have saved onto our computer For example you may have created a file which is a memo about a meeting A folder is usually some where we have saved a file or lots of files It is important to save files in folders related to the content of the file A drive is where the actual location of the stored files and folders are Think of this as the filing cabinet the lsquoMy Documentsrsquo folder is usually saved on the C Drive of a computer
Memo To J Vincent From S Sanghera Re Meeting Please bring your notes with you
Safety Meetings Folder
File
Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
22
Explain what it means to format a disk
Formatting a disk means permanently deleting all the information on the disk or USB and making it blank To format a floppy disk or a USB go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the disk or drive and select lsquoFormatrsquo When you click on lsquoFormatrsquo you will be asked if you are sure you want to lsquoFormatrsquo if you select lsquoOKrsquo the computer will format the disk for you
Note Do not format a disk or drive unless you are sure you want to permanently delete all the information on it
The E Drive is where I have saved my work (USB memory)
These are folders in the E drive
These are files in the folder Year 7 which is saved on the E Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
23
Explain storage capacity
The storage capacity of a memory device is how much information it can hold To find the storage capacity of any drive which is part of your computer or attached to your computer go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the drive or device and go to lsquoPropertiesrsquo
From the lsquoPropertiesrsquo window you will see the overall capacity (size) of the drive and the lsquoUsedrsquo and lsquoFreersquo space available on that drive
Memory Size
Computer memory and disk space is measured by the number of bytes or characters
it is capable of holding Since these numbers are very large the terms kilobyte (KB)
megabyte (MB) and gigabyte (GB) are used
1KB = approximately 1000 bytes (1024 exactly)
1MB = approximately 1000000 bytes (1048576 exactly)
1GB = approximately 1000000000 bytes (1073741824 exactly)
Recognise the ability of computers to communicate with one another
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
24
Computers communicate
with each other via a
network or the internet The
Internet or is a global
network connecting millions
of computers In order for a
computer to connect to
another computer on the
internet the computer must
first have a modem
The modem converts the signals from digital to analogue and sends or receives the
information through the broadband or phone line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
25
Outline the main points of the Data Protection Act
Data protection is about your fundamental right to privacy You can access and
correct data about yourself Those who keep data about you have to comply with data
protection principles
What is data protection
When you give your personal details to an organisation or individual they have a duty to keep these details private and safe This process is known as data protection We refer to organisations or individuals who control the contents and use of your personal details as lsquodata controllersrsquo
Most of us give information about ourselves to groups such as Government bodies banks insurance companies medical professionals and telephone companies to use their services or meet certain conditions Organisations or individuals can also get information about us from other sources Under data protection law you have rights regarding the use of these personal details and data controllers have certain responsibilities in how they handle this information
What are my rights
You have a range of rights when a person or organisation takes and records your personal details Please read this section carefully to make sure that you are aware of your rights
1 Right to have your details used in line with data protection regulations 2 Right to information about your personal details 3 Right to access your personal details 4 Right to know if your personal details are being held 5 Right to change or remove your details 6 Right to prevent use of your personal details 7 Right to remove your details from a direct marketing list 8 Right to object 9 Right to freedom from automated decision making 10 Right to refuse direct marketing calls or mail
Reference wwwirishstatutebookie1988
Reference wwwbbccoukbitesize
Connect with power supply following appropriate safety procedures
Switch on and boot up computer using procedures appropriate to the system
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
26
Turn on the computer at the power button
Ensure your monitor is switched on
Shut down the system using appropriate procedures
Go to Start gt Turn Off Computer gt Turn Off
When the computer is off turn off the power at the plug
Operate computer with due attention to safety procedures
Donrsquot slouch
Keep your back at around a 90 degree angle
Keep your feet on the ground
Take regular breaks
Sit facing the monitor in a straight line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
13
systems are small plastic and have mediocre sound quality Some computer speakers
have equalization features such as bass and treble controls Speakers can come in a va
rity of different formats ndash buzzers bells and speakers
116 Identify the specifications of a range of office and business equipment
eg fax telephone photocopier
Fax (short for facsimile) sometimes called telecopying
is the telephonic transmission of scanned printed material
(both text and images) normally to a telephone number
connected to a printer or other output device The original
document is scanned with a fax machine which
processes the contents as a single fixed graphic image
converting it into a bitmap The information is then transmitted as electrical signals
through the telephone system The receiving fax machine reconverts the coded image
printing a paper copy
Telephone
The telephone is a telecommunications device that transmits and receives sound most
commonly the human voice Telephones are a point-to-point communication system
whose most basic function is to allow two people separated by large distances to talk to
each other It is one of the most common appliances in the developed world and has
long been considered indispensable to businesses households and governments The
word telephone has been adapted to many languages and is widely recognized around
the world
All telephones have a microphone to speak into an earphone which reproduces the
voice of the other person a ringer which makes a sound to alert the owner when a call is
coming in and a keypad
Photocopier
A photocopier is a machine that makes paper copies of documents and other visual
images quickly and cheaply Most current photocopiers use a technology called
xerography a dry process using heat
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
14
117 Distinguish between the various types of printers and plotters and outline
their advantages and disadvantages
Introduction to Printers
Deciding what kind of printer you want to purchase -- inkjet laser or multifunction -- can
be frustrating and confusing There are so many types and brands of printers to choose
from at all prices and just like computers new models seem to be introduced on a
monthly basis How can the average consumer make an informed choice
In order to make sense of it all we offer the following tips
What do you need the printer to do
This is probably the most important question to answer If you just need to occasionally
print out documents such as letters copies of Web pages from the Internet or simple
spreadsheets a low-end inkjet or laser printer is fine If you need to do presentations or
high quality photographs you want a photo printer If you print over 100 pages on a daily
basis and dont need color you may want to look at the faster laser printers And of
course if you are starting a home business and you need a combination of scanner
printer copier and fax machine a multifunction printer is best
Factors to Consider
Other important factors to be considered before purchasing a printer are
1 Resolution - the number of dots a printer prints in a square inch (over 1440 dpi is
good) Choose a higher end model with a higher resolution if you will be printing lots
of presentation-quality text graphics and photos
2 Operating Cost - Calculate the cost of replacement ink cartridges and paper
because printer users must continually purchase more ink cartridges and toner when
the old ones run out or dry up Be aware that the cost of paper toner and ink can
amount to more than the original cost of the printer within a year or so
3 Speed - the volume of printout (pages per minute) is essential if you are printing large
numbers of documents in black and white
4 Size of the printout - will you be printing on oversized or non-standard paper heavy
card stock blueprints transparencies etc Then choose a printer whose paper path
is no sharper than 90 degrees to allow printing on various types of media without
jamming
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
15
5 Photo Quality - Specialty color printers that have photo lab quality are essential if
you are looking for a printer that can print high-resolution images on photo paper
6 Digital camera cards and Memory Sticks - does the printer need to have built-in
slots for these de vices
7 Network enabled - will you be connecting the new printer to a home or office
network
8 Image processing - Processing images takes a lot of power so printers often have
as much computing horsepower and memory as a PC Some printers form the
complete image in memory prior to printing it which allows them to handle large files
quickly
9 Ease of use - how easy is the printer setup process
10 Compatibility - The newer printers are all USB-compatible which means they will
work for Windows 982000XP and with Mac System 81 or higher
11 Warranty - be sure to purchase a printer that includes a manufacturers andor store
warranty (at least 90 days)
The four main different types of printers are
Ink-jet Printers
Laser Printers
Dot-Matrix Printers
Multifunctional
Normally home computer users will use ink-jets as they are relatively cheap but superior
in quality to dot-matrix Laser jets and other printers created by new technology are
more expensive and more commonly found in the offices
Dot Matrix
Impact (Dot-matrix) printers use a set of closely
spaced pins and a ribbon to print letters or other
characters on a page These printers actually impact
the page to print a character much like a typewriter
Dot-matrix printers vary in terms of speed and the
number of pins they have They can run at a speed
anywhere between 50 and 500 CPS (Characters Per Second) The number of pins which
can vary between 9 to 24 determines the quality of the print job Dot matrix printers are
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
16
commonly used for printing invoices purchase orders shipping forms labels and other
multi-part forms Dot matrix printers can print through multi-part forms in a single pass
allowing them to produce more pages than even high-speed laser printers
Inkjet
Ink-jets(bubble-jets) printers spray ionized tiny drops of ink onto a
page to create an image This is achieved by using magnetized
plates which direct the inks path onto the paper in the desired
pattern Almost all ink-jets offer a color option as standard in varying
degrees of resolution Ink-jet printers are capable of producing high quality print which
almost matches the quality of a laser printer A standard ink-jet printer has a resolution of
300 dots per inch although newer models have improved on that As a rule color link-jet
printers can also be used as a regular black and white printer
When a Color Inkjet Printer is the Best Choice
Ink jets are a good choice if you are looking for high quality color photo output for a
reasonable price Prices start at around euro150
First youll need to decide on the type of machine you want a standard ink jet for
reasonable photos and a low purchase price or a photo ink jet for superior photo quality
All of the top models offer 4800-by-1200-dpi resolution but they vary quite a bit in terms
of printing speed
Choose an inkjet printer based on the cost of replacement ink cartridges and not on the
cost of the printer Over time ink and paper costs can exceed the cost of the printer
several times over Avoid single-cartridge printers which only come with a color cartridge
that cant print true color It is more cost effective to purchase a color inkjet with multiple
color cartridges (CMYK) so they can be replaced individually
Another cost saving tip Leaving any inkjet idle for even a week or two can allow the ink in
the tiny tubes that feed the nozzles to dry The resulting clogs cause streaks and other
anomalies in your pictures To avoid clogs print at least once a week Some printers run
a maintenance routine on startup meaning that you can keep the nozzles clear simply by
turning your printer on and off once a week Check your devices manual to see whether it
has this feature
LaserJet
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
17
Laser printers operate by shining a laser beam to produce an image on a
drum The drum is then rolled through a pool or reservoir or toner and the
electrically charged portions of the drum pick up ink Finally using a
combination of heat and pressure the ink on the drum is transferred onto the
page Laser printers print very fast and the supply cartridges work a long time Color laser
printers use the same toner-based printing process as black and white ( BW) laser
printers except that they combine four different toner colors Color laser printers can also
be used as a regular black and white laser printer
When to Choose a Laser Printer
If you do a lot of document printing dont use an inkjet printer Use a laser printer Laser
printers cost more to buy but much less to use - they are very cost effective to operate
since their toner cartridges are not replaced as often
With all costs figured in each document page printed on a typical laser printer costs from
2 cents to 5 cents on an inkjet the cost per page can run from 10 cents to 15 cents
depending on the model (This does not even count the cost of photo printing which can
cost up to a eurp per page on an inkjet when you include the high cost of photo paper and
the additional ink thats used in that mode)
Plotters
Plotters are large-scale printers that are very accurate at reproducing line drawings They
are commonly used for technical drawings such as engineering drawings or architectural
blueprints The two basic types of plotters are called flatbed plotters and drum plotters
Flatbed plotters are horizontally aligned with a flat surface to which a piece of paper is
attached The paper remains stationary and the printer moves pens across the paper to
draw the image Drum plotters also called upright plotters are vertically positioned They
have a drum that the paper rolls on Drum plotters
usually make more noise and are more compact than
flatbed plotters
Digital Photo printers
Many middle range printers
are now able to print photo
quality images Usually an
option with color printers specialist photo print
heads allow a greater resolution to be achieved to
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
18
improve photo image quality Photo ink jet printers expand their gamuts by
adding additional ink colors usually light cyan and light magenta
Network printer is a printer that provides output capabilities to
all network users
Multifunction printers combine top-quality color
ink-jet or laser printing with plain-paper and PC faxing color copying and
color scanning telephoning- all in one convenient space-saving machine
If you work from home or have a small office a multifunctional device may be ideal
Name 10 of the factors you should consider when deciding on which printer
you would buy
1) ___________________________
2) ___________________________
3) ___________________________
4) ___________________________
5) ___________________________
6) ___________________________
7) ___________________________
8) ___________________________
9) ___________________________
10) __________________________
What is the difference between a Laser Printer and an Inkjet Printer
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
19
118 Identify the various backing store devices and their associated media and
outline their advantages and disadvantages eg
Floppy Disk
Hard Disk
Optical Disk
Magnetic Tape
Memory CardStick
Magnetic Disks
119 Describe the main parts of a small network eg gateway router hub
server etc
Distinguish between a LAN and a WAN
A computer network is a number of computers linked together to allow them to share
resources Networked computers can share hardware (such as a printer) software
and data
There are two types of network
LAN - Local Area Network
WAN - Wide Area Network
Local Area Network (LAN)
A LAN is a Local Area Network covering a small area such as one building eg in a
school or a college Within a LAN computers and other hardware devices are
connected to the file server This allows the computers to share resources
Wide Area Network (WAN)
A WAN is a Wide Area Network covering a large geographical area
Within a WAN many terminals are connected to the
host computers This allows networks to be cover a
large geographical area
1 The Internet is a WAN
2 A network of bank cash dispensers is a WAN
3 A school network is a LAN
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
20
LANs are often connected to WANs for example a school network could be
connected to the Internet
Identify the components necessary to connect a computer to an Internet
Provider
To connect a computer to the internet you need
1 A computer
2 A telephone line
3 A modem
4 An account with an ISP (Internet Service Provider)
5 Browser software ndash a program which lets you connect to the internet eg
Internet Explorer or Firefox
1110 Distinguish between systems and applications software
See presentation notes
1111 Describe the major functions carried out by an operating system eg
a Providing the user interface
b Scheduling resources amongst users
c Reporting errors to the user
d File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
e Controlling operations of peripheral devices
f Running required software
g Memory management
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
21
File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
Explain the terms file folderdirectory drive
A file is usually a document created in Excel Word or any other program which we have saved onto our computer For example you may have created a file which is a memo about a meeting A folder is usually some where we have saved a file or lots of files It is important to save files in folders related to the content of the file A drive is where the actual location of the stored files and folders are Think of this as the filing cabinet the lsquoMy Documentsrsquo folder is usually saved on the C Drive of a computer
Memo To J Vincent From S Sanghera Re Meeting Please bring your notes with you
Safety Meetings Folder
File
Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
22
Explain what it means to format a disk
Formatting a disk means permanently deleting all the information on the disk or USB and making it blank To format a floppy disk or a USB go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the disk or drive and select lsquoFormatrsquo When you click on lsquoFormatrsquo you will be asked if you are sure you want to lsquoFormatrsquo if you select lsquoOKrsquo the computer will format the disk for you
Note Do not format a disk or drive unless you are sure you want to permanently delete all the information on it
The E Drive is where I have saved my work (USB memory)
These are folders in the E drive
These are files in the folder Year 7 which is saved on the E Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
23
Explain storage capacity
The storage capacity of a memory device is how much information it can hold To find the storage capacity of any drive which is part of your computer or attached to your computer go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the drive or device and go to lsquoPropertiesrsquo
From the lsquoPropertiesrsquo window you will see the overall capacity (size) of the drive and the lsquoUsedrsquo and lsquoFreersquo space available on that drive
Memory Size
Computer memory and disk space is measured by the number of bytes or characters
it is capable of holding Since these numbers are very large the terms kilobyte (KB)
megabyte (MB) and gigabyte (GB) are used
1KB = approximately 1000 bytes (1024 exactly)
1MB = approximately 1000000 bytes (1048576 exactly)
1GB = approximately 1000000000 bytes (1073741824 exactly)
Recognise the ability of computers to communicate with one another
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
24
Computers communicate
with each other via a
network or the internet The
Internet or is a global
network connecting millions
of computers In order for a
computer to connect to
another computer on the
internet the computer must
first have a modem
The modem converts the signals from digital to analogue and sends or receives the
information through the broadband or phone line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
25
Outline the main points of the Data Protection Act
Data protection is about your fundamental right to privacy You can access and
correct data about yourself Those who keep data about you have to comply with data
protection principles
What is data protection
When you give your personal details to an organisation or individual they have a duty to keep these details private and safe This process is known as data protection We refer to organisations or individuals who control the contents and use of your personal details as lsquodata controllersrsquo
Most of us give information about ourselves to groups such as Government bodies banks insurance companies medical professionals and telephone companies to use their services or meet certain conditions Organisations or individuals can also get information about us from other sources Under data protection law you have rights regarding the use of these personal details and data controllers have certain responsibilities in how they handle this information
What are my rights
You have a range of rights when a person or organisation takes and records your personal details Please read this section carefully to make sure that you are aware of your rights
1 Right to have your details used in line with data protection regulations 2 Right to information about your personal details 3 Right to access your personal details 4 Right to know if your personal details are being held 5 Right to change or remove your details 6 Right to prevent use of your personal details 7 Right to remove your details from a direct marketing list 8 Right to object 9 Right to freedom from automated decision making 10 Right to refuse direct marketing calls or mail
Reference wwwirishstatutebookie1988
Reference wwwbbccoukbitesize
Connect with power supply following appropriate safety procedures
Switch on and boot up computer using procedures appropriate to the system
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
26
Turn on the computer at the power button
Ensure your monitor is switched on
Shut down the system using appropriate procedures
Go to Start gt Turn Off Computer gt Turn Off
When the computer is off turn off the power at the plug
Operate computer with due attention to safety procedures
Donrsquot slouch
Keep your back at around a 90 degree angle
Keep your feet on the ground
Take regular breaks
Sit facing the monitor in a straight line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
14
117 Distinguish between the various types of printers and plotters and outline
their advantages and disadvantages
Introduction to Printers
Deciding what kind of printer you want to purchase -- inkjet laser or multifunction -- can
be frustrating and confusing There are so many types and brands of printers to choose
from at all prices and just like computers new models seem to be introduced on a
monthly basis How can the average consumer make an informed choice
In order to make sense of it all we offer the following tips
What do you need the printer to do
This is probably the most important question to answer If you just need to occasionally
print out documents such as letters copies of Web pages from the Internet or simple
spreadsheets a low-end inkjet or laser printer is fine If you need to do presentations or
high quality photographs you want a photo printer If you print over 100 pages on a daily
basis and dont need color you may want to look at the faster laser printers And of
course if you are starting a home business and you need a combination of scanner
printer copier and fax machine a multifunction printer is best
Factors to Consider
Other important factors to be considered before purchasing a printer are
1 Resolution - the number of dots a printer prints in a square inch (over 1440 dpi is
good) Choose a higher end model with a higher resolution if you will be printing lots
of presentation-quality text graphics and photos
2 Operating Cost - Calculate the cost of replacement ink cartridges and paper
because printer users must continually purchase more ink cartridges and toner when
the old ones run out or dry up Be aware that the cost of paper toner and ink can
amount to more than the original cost of the printer within a year or so
3 Speed - the volume of printout (pages per minute) is essential if you are printing large
numbers of documents in black and white
4 Size of the printout - will you be printing on oversized or non-standard paper heavy
card stock blueprints transparencies etc Then choose a printer whose paper path
is no sharper than 90 degrees to allow printing on various types of media without
jamming
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
15
5 Photo Quality - Specialty color printers that have photo lab quality are essential if
you are looking for a printer that can print high-resolution images on photo paper
6 Digital camera cards and Memory Sticks - does the printer need to have built-in
slots for these de vices
7 Network enabled - will you be connecting the new printer to a home or office
network
8 Image processing - Processing images takes a lot of power so printers often have
as much computing horsepower and memory as a PC Some printers form the
complete image in memory prior to printing it which allows them to handle large files
quickly
9 Ease of use - how easy is the printer setup process
10 Compatibility - The newer printers are all USB-compatible which means they will
work for Windows 982000XP and with Mac System 81 or higher
11 Warranty - be sure to purchase a printer that includes a manufacturers andor store
warranty (at least 90 days)
The four main different types of printers are
Ink-jet Printers
Laser Printers
Dot-Matrix Printers
Multifunctional
Normally home computer users will use ink-jets as they are relatively cheap but superior
in quality to dot-matrix Laser jets and other printers created by new technology are
more expensive and more commonly found in the offices
Dot Matrix
Impact (Dot-matrix) printers use a set of closely
spaced pins and a ribbon to print letters or other
characters on a page These printers actually impact
the page to print a character much like a typewriter
Dot-matrix printers vary in terms of speed and the
number of pins they have They can run at a speed
anywhere between 50 and 500 CPS (Characters Per Second) The number of pins which
can vary between 9 to 24 determines the quality of the print job Dot matrix printers are
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
16
commonly used for printing invoices purchase orders shipping forms labels and other
multi-part forms Dot matrix printers can print through multi-part forms in a single pass
allowing them to produce more pages than even high-speed laser printers
Inkjet
Ink-jets(bubble-jets) printers spray ionized tiny drops of ink onto a
page to create an image This is achieved by using magnetized
plates which direct the inks path onto the paper in the desired
pattern Almost all ink-jets offer a color option as standard in varying
degrees of resolution Ink-jet printers are capable of producing high quality print which
almost matches the quality of a laser printer A standard ink-jet printer has a resolution of
300 dots per inch although newer models have improved on that As a rule color link-jet
printers can also be used as a regular black and white printer
When a Color Inkjet Printer is the Best Choice
Ink jets are a good choice if you are looking for high quality color photo output for a
reasonable price Prices start at around euro150
First youll need to decide on the type of machine you want a standard ink jet for
reasonable photos and a low purchase price or a photo ink jet for superior photo quality
All of the top models offer 4800-by-1200-dpi resolution but they vary quite a bit in terms
of printing speed
Choose an inkjet printer based on the cost of replacement ink cartridges and not on the
cost of the printer Over time ink and paper costs can exceed the cost of the printer
several times over Avoid single-cartridge printers which only come with a color cartridge
that cant print true color It is more cost effective to purchase a color inkjet with multiple
color cartridges (CMYK) so they can be replaced individually
Another cost saving tip Leaving any inkjet idle for even a week or two can allow the ink in
the tiny tubes that feed the nozzles to dry The resulting clogs cause streaks and other
anomalies in your pictures To avoid clogs print at least once a week Some printers run
a maintenance routine on startup meaning that you can keep the nozzles clear simply by
turning your printer on and off once a week Check your devices manual to see whether it
has this feature
LaserJet
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
17
Laser printers operate by shining a laser beam to produce an image on a
drum The drum is then rolled through a pool or reservoir or toner and the
electrically charged portions of the drum pick up ink Finally using a
combination of heat and pressure the ink on the drum is transferred onto the
page Laser printers print very fast and the supply cartridges work a long time Color laser
printers use the same toner-based printing process as black and white ( BW) laser
printers except that they combine four different toner colors Color laser printers can also
be used as a regular black and white laser printer
When to Choose a Laser Printer
If you do a lot of document printing dont use an inkjet printer Use a laser printer Laser
printers cost more to buy but much less to use - they are very cost effective to operate
since their toner cartridges are not replaced as often
With all costs figured in each document page printed on a typical laser printer costs from
2 cents to 5 cents on an inkjet the cost per page can run from 10 cents to 15 cents
depending on the model (This does not even count the cost of photo printing which can
cost up to a eurp per page on an inkjet when you include the high cost of photo paper and
the additional ink thats used in that mode)
Plotters
Plotters are large-scale printers that are very accurate at reproducing line drawings They
are commonly used for technical drawings such as engineering drawings or architectural
blueprints The two basic types of plotters are called flatbed plotters and drum plotters
Flatbed plotters are horizontally aligned with a flat surface to which a piece of paper is
attached The paper remains stationary and the printer moves pens across the paper to
draw the image Drum plotters also called upright plotters are vertically positioned They
have a drum that the paper rolls on Drum plotters
usually make more noise and are more compact than
flatbed plotters
Digital Photo printers
Many middle range printers
are now able to print photo
quality images Usually an
option with color printers specialist photo print
heads allow a greater resolution to be achieved to
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
18
improve photo image quality Photo ink jet printers expand their gamuts by
adding additional ink colors usually light cyan and light magenta
Network printer is a printer that provides output capabilities to
all network users
Multifunction printers combine top-quality color
ink-jet or laser printing with plain-paper and PC faxing color copying and
color scanning telephoning- all in one convenient space-saving machine
If you work from home or have a small office a multifunctional device may be ideal
Name 10 of the factors you should consider when deciding on which printer
you would buy
1) ___________________________
2) ___________________________
3) ___________________________
4) ___________________________
5) ___________________________
6) ___________________________
7) ___________________________
8) ___________________________
9) ___________________________
10) __________________________
What is the difference between a Laser Printer and an Inkjet Printer
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
19
118 Identify the various backing store devices and their associated media and
outline their advantages and disadvantages eg
Floppy Disk
Hard Disk
Optical Disk
Magnetic Tape
Memory CardStick
Magnetic Disks
119 Describe the main parts of a small network eg gateway router hub
server etc
Distinguish between a LAN and a WAN
A computer network is a number of computers linked together to allow them to share
resources Networked computers can share hardware (such as a printer) software
and data
There are two types of network
LAN - Local Area Network
WAN - Wide Area Network
Local Area Network (LAN)
A LAN is a Local Area Network covering a small area such as one building eg in a
school or a college Within a LAN computers and other hardware devices are
connected to the file server This allows the computers to share resources
Wide Area Network (WAN)
A WAN is a Wide Area Network covering a large geographical area
Within a WAN many terminals are connected to the
host computers This allows networks to be cover a
large geographical area
1 The Internet is a WAN
2 A network of bank cash dispensers is a WAN
3 A school network is a LAN
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
20
LANs are often connected to WANs for example a school network could be
connected to the Internet
Identify the components necessary to connect a computer to an Internet
Provider
To connect a computer to the internet you need
1 A computer
2 A telephone line
3 A modem
4 An account with an ISP (Internet Service Provider)
5 Browser software ndash a program which lets you connect to the internet eg
Internet Explorer or Firefox
1110 Distinguish between systems and applications software
See presentation notes
1111 Describe the major functions carried out by an operating system eg
a Providing the user interface
b Scheduling resources amongst users
c Reporting errors to the user
d File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
e Controlling operations of peripheral devices
f Running required software
g Memory management
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
21
File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
Explain the terms file folderdirectory drive
A file is usually a document created in Excel Word or any other program which we have saved onto our computer For example you may have created a file which is a memo about a meeting A folder is usually some where we have saved a file or lots of files It is important to save files in folders related to the content of the file A drive is where the actual location of the stored files and folders are Think of this as the filing cabinet the lsquoMy Documentsrsquo folder is usually saved on the C Drive of a computer
Memo To J Vincent From S Sanghera Re Meeting Please bring your notes with you
Safety Meetings Folder
File
Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
22
Explain what it means to format a disk
Formatting a disk means permanently deleting all the information on the disk or USB and making it blank To format a floppy disk or a USB go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the disk or drive and select lsquoFormatrsquo When you click on lsquoFormatrsquo you will be asked if you are sure you want to lsquoFormatrsquo if you select lsquoOKrsquo the computer will format the disk for you
Note Do not format a disk or drive unless you are sure you want to permanently delete all the information on it
The E Drive is where I have saved my work (USB memory)
These are folders in the E drive
These are files in the folder Year 7 which is saved on the E Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
23
Explain storage capacity
The storage capacity of a memory device is how much information it can hold To find the storage capacity of any drive which is part of your computer or attached to your computer go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the drive or device and go to lsquoPropertiesrsquo
From the lsquoPropertiesrsquo window you will see the overall capacity (size) of the drive and the lsquoUsedrsquo and lsquoFreersquo space available on that drive
Memory Size
Computer memory and disk space is measured by the number of bytes or characters
it is capable of holding Since these numbers are very large the terms kilobyte (KB)
megabyte (MB) and gigabyte (GB) are used
1KB = approximately 1000 bytes (1024 exactly)
1MB = approximately 1000000 bytes (1048576 exactly)
1GB = approximately 1000000000 bytes (1073741824 exactly)
Recognise the ability of computers to communicate with one another
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
24
Computers communicate
with each other via a
network or the internet The
Internet or is a global
network connecting millions
of computers In order for a
computer to connect to
another computer on the
internet the computer must
first have a modem
The modem converts the signals from digital to analogue and sends or receives the
information through the broadband or phone line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
25
Outline the main points of the Data Protection Act
Data protection is about your fundamental right to privacy You can access and
correct data about yourself Those who keep data about you have to comply with data
protection principles
What is data protection
When you give your personal details to an organisation or individual they have a duty to keep these details private and safe This process is known as data protection We refer to organisations or individuals who control the contents and use of your personal details as lsquodata controllersrsquo
Most of us give information about ourselves to groups such as Government bodies banks insurance companies medical professionals and telephone companies to use their services or meet certain conditions Organisations or individuals can also get information about us from other sources Under data protection law you have rights regarding the use of these personal details and data controllers have certain responsibilities in how they handle this information
What are my rights
You have a range of rights when a person or organisation takes and records your personal details Please read this section carefully to make sure that you are aware of your rights
1 Right to have your details used in line with data protection regulations 2 Right to information about your personal details 3 Right to access your personal details 4 Right to know if your personal details are being held 5 Right to change or remove your details 6 Right to prevent use of your personal details 7 Right to remove your details from a direct marketing list 8 Right to object 9 Right to freedom from automated decision making 10 Right to refuse direct marketing calls or mail
Reference wwwirishstatutebookie1988
Reference wwwbbccoukbitesize
Connect with power supply following appropriate safety procedures
Switch on and boot up computer using procedures appropriate to the system
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
26
Turn on the computer at the power button
Ensure your monitor is switched on
Shut down the system using appropriate procedures
Go to Start gt Turn Off Computer gt Turn Off
When the computer is off turn off the power at the plug
Operate computer with due attention to safety procedures
Donrsquot slouch
Keep your back at around a 90 degree angle
Keep your feet on the ground
Take regular breaks
Sit facing the monitor in a straight line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
15
5 Photo Quality - Specialty color printers that have photo lab quality are essential if
you are looking for a printer that can print high-resolution images on photo paper
6 Digital camera cards and Memory Sticks - does the printer need to have built-in
slots for these de vices
7 Network enabled - will you be connecting the new printer to a home or office
network
8 Image processing - Processing images takes a lot of power so printers often have
as much computing horsepower and memory as a PC Some printers form the
complete image in memory prior to printing it which allows them to handle large files
quickly
9 Ease of use - how easy is the printer setup process
10 Compatibility - The newer printers are all USB-compatible which means they will
work for Windows 982000XP and with Mac System 81 or higher
11 Warranty - be sure to purchase a printer that includes a manufacturers andor store
warranty (at least 90 days)
The four main different types of printers are
Ink-jet Printers
Laser Printers
Dot-Matrix Printers
Multifunctional
Normally home computer users will use ink-jets as they are relatively cheap but superior
in quality to dot-matrix Laser jets and other printers created by new technology are
more expensive and more commonly found in the offices
Dot Matrix
Impact (Dot-matrix) printers use a set of closely
spaced pins and a ribbon to print letters or other
characters on a page These printers actually impact
the page to print a character much like a typewriter
Dot-matrix printers vary in terms of speed and the
number of pins they have They can run at a speed
anywhere between 50 and 500 CPS (Characters Per Second) The number of pins which
can vary between 9 to 24 determines the quality of the print job Dot matrix printers are
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
16
commonly used for printing invoices purchase orders shipping forms labels and other
multi-part forms Dot matrix printers can print through multi-part forms in a single pass
allowing them to produce more pages than even high-speed laser printers
Inkjet
Ink-jets(bubble-jets) printers spray ionized tiny drops of ink onto a
page to create an image This is achieved by using magnetized
plates which direct the inks path onto the paper in the desired
pattern Almost all ink-jets offer a color option as standard in varying
degrees of resolution Ink-jet printers are capable of producing high quality print which
almost matches the quality of a laser printer A standard ink-jet printer has a resolution of
300 dots per inch although newer models have improved on that As a rule color link-jet
printers can also be used as a regular black and white printer
When a Color Inkjet Printer is the Best Choice
Ink jets are a good choice if you are looking for high quality color photo output for a
reasonable price Prices start at around euro150
First youll need to decide on the type of machine you want a standard ink jet for
reasonable photos and a low purchase price or a photo ink jet for superior photo quality
All of the top models offer 4800-by-1200-dpi resolution but they vary quite a bit in terms
of printing speed
Choose an inkjet printer based on the cost of replacement ink cartridges and not on the
cost of the printer Over time ink and paper costs can exceed the cost of the printer
several times over Avoid single-cartridge printers which only come with a color cartridge
that cant print true color It is more cost effective to purchase a color inkjet with multiple
color cartridges (CMYK) so they can be replaced individually
Another cost saving tip Leaving any inkjet idle for even a week or two can allow the ink in
the tiny tubes that feed the nozzles to dry The resulting clogs cause streaks and other
anomalies in your pictures To avoid clogs print at least once a week Some printers run
a maintenance routine on startup meaning that you can keep the nozzles clear simply by
turning your printer on and off once a week Check your devices manual to see whether it
has this feature
LaserJet
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
17
Laser printers operate by shining a laser beam to produce an image on a
drum The drum is then rolled through a pool or reservoir or toner and the
electrically charged portions of the drum pick up ink Finally using a
combination of heat and pressure the ink on the drum is transferred onto the
page Laser printers print very fast and the supply cartridges work a long time Color laser
printers use the same toner-based printing process as black and white ( BW) laser
printers except that they combine four different toner colors Color laser printers can also
be used as a regular black and white laser printer
When to Choose a Laser Printer
If you do a lot of document printing dont use an inkjet printer Use a laser printer Laser
printers cost more to buy but much less to use - they are very cost effective to operate
since their toner cartridges are not replaced as often
With all costs figured in each document page printed on a typical laser printer costs from
2 cents to 5 cents on an inkjet the cost per page can run from 10 cents to 15 cents
depending on the model (This does not even count the cost of photo printing which can
cost up to a eurp per page on an inkjet when you include the high cost of photo paper and
the additional ink thats used in that mode)
Plotters
Plotters are large-scale printers that are very accurate at reproducing line drawings They
are commonly used for technical drawings such as engineering drawings or architectural
blueprints The two basic types of plotters are called flatbed plotters and drum plotters
Flatbed plotters are horizontally aligned with a flat surface to which a piece of paper is
attached The paper remains stationary and the printer moves pens across the paper to
draw the image Drum plotters also called upright plotters are vertically positioned They
have a drum that the paper rolls on Drum plotters
usually make more noise and are more compact than
flatbed plotters
Digital Photo printers
Many middle range printers
are now able to print photo
quality images Usually an
option with color printers specialist photo print
heads allow a greater resolution to be achieved to
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
18
improve photo image quality Photo ink jet printers expand their gamuts by
adding additional ink colors usually light cyan and light magenta
Network printer is a printer that provides output capabilities to
all network users
Multifunction printers combine top-quality color
ink-jet or laser printing with plain-paper and PC faxing color copying and
color scanning telephoning- all in one convenient space-saving machine
If you work from home or have a small office a multifunctional device may be ideal
Name 10 of the factors you should consider when deciding on which printer
you would buy
1) ___________________________
2) ___________________________
3) ___________________________
4) ___________________________
5) ___________________________
6) ___________________________
7) ___________________________
8) ___________________________
9) ___________________________
10) __________________________
What is the difference between a Laser Printer and an Inkjet Printer
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
19
118 Identify the various backing store devices and their associated media and
outline their advantages and disadvantages eg
Floppy Disk
Hard Disk
Optical Disk
Magnetic Tape
Memory CardStick
Magnetic Disks
119 Describe the main parts of a small network eg gateway router hub
server etc
Distinguish between a LAN and a WAN
A computer network is a number of computers linked together to allow them to share
resources Networked computers can share hardware (such as a printer) software
and data
There are two types of network
LAN - Local Area Network
WAN - Wide Area Network
Local Area Network (LAN)
A LAN is a Local Area Network covering a small area such as one building eg in a
school or a college Within a LAN computers and other hardware devices are
connected to the file server This allows the computers to share resources
Wide Area Network (WAN)
A WAN is a Wide Area Network covering a large geographical area
Within a WAN many terminals are connected to the
host computers This allows networks to be cover a
large geographical area
1 The Internet is a WAN
2 A network of bank cash dispensers is a WAN
3 A school network is a LAN
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
20
LANs are often connected to WANs for example a school network could be
connected to the Internet
Identify the components necessary to connect a computer to an Internet
Provider
To connect a computer to the internet you need
1 A computer
2 A telephone line
3 A modem
4 An account with an ISP (Internet Service Provider)
5 Browser software ndash a program which lets you connect to the internet eg
Internet Explorer or Firefox
1110 Distinguish between systems and applications software
See presentation notes
1111 Describe the major functions carried out by an operating system eg
a Providing the user interface
b Scheduling resources amongst users
c Reporting errors to the user
d File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
e Controlling operations of peripheral devices
f Running required software
g Memory management
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
21
File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
Explain the terms file folderdirectory drive
A file is usually a document created in Excel Word or any other program which we have saved onto our computer For example you may have created a file which is a memo about a meeting A folder is usually some where we have saved a file or lots of files It is important to save files in folders related to the content of the file A drive is where the actual location of the stored files and folders are Think of this as the filing cabinet the lsquoMy Documentsrsquo folder is usually saved on the C Drive of a computer
Memo To J Vincent From S Sanghera Re Meeting Please bring your notes with you
Safety Meetings Folder
File
Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
22
Explain what it means to format a disk
Formatting a disk means permanently deleting all the information on the disk or USB and making it blank To format a floppy disk or a USB go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the disk or drive and select lsquoFormatrsquo When you click on lsquoFormatrsquo you will be asked if you are sure you want to lsquoFormatrsquo if you select lsquoOKrsquo the computer will format the disk for you
Note Do not format a disk or drive unless you are sure you want to permanently delete all the information on it
The E Drive is where I have saved my work (USB memory)
These are folders in the E drive
These are files in the folder Year 7 which is saved on the E Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
23
Explain storage capacity
The storage capacity of a memory device is how much information it can hold To find the storage capacity of any drive which is part of your computer or attached to your computer go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the drive or device and go to lsquoPropertiesrsquo
From the lsquoPropertiesrsquo window you will see the overall capacity (size) of the drive and the lsquoUsedrsquo and lsquoFreersquo space available on that drive
Memory Size
Computer memory and disk space is measured by the number of bytes or characters
it is capable of holding Since these numbers are very large the terms kilobyte (KB)
megabyte (MB) and gigabyte (GB) are used
1KB = approximately 1000 bytes (1024 exactly)
1MB = approximately 1000000 bytes (1048576 exactly)
1GB = approximately 1000000000 bytes (1073741824 exactly)
Recognise the ability of computers to communicate with one another
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
24
Computers communicate
with each other via a
network or the internet The
Internet or is a global
network connecting millions
of computers In order for a
computer to connect to
another computer on the
internet the computer must
first have a modem
The modem converts the signals from digital to analogue and sends or receives the
information through the broadband or phone line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
25
Outline the main points of the Data Protection Act
Data protection is about your fundamental right to privacy You can access and
correct data about yourself Those who keep data about you have to comply with data
protection principles
What is data protection
When you give your personal details to an organisation or individual they have a duty to keep these details private and safe This process is known as data protection We refer to organisations or individuals who control the contents and use of your personal details as lsquodata controllersrsquo
Most of us give information about ourselves to groups such as Government bodies banks insurance companies medical professionals and telephone companies to use their services or meet certain conditions Organisations or individuals can also get information about us from other sources Under data protection law you have rights regarding the use of these personal details and data controllers have certain responsibilities in how they handle this information
What are my rights
You have a range of rights when a person or organisation takes and records your personal details Please read this section carefully to make sure that you are aware of your rights
1 Right to have your details used in line with data protection regulations 2 Right to information about your personal details 3 Right to access your personal details 4 Right to know if your personal details are being held 5 Right to change or remove your details 6 Right to prevent use of your personal details 7 Right to remove your details from a direct marketing list 8 Right to object 9 Right to freedom from automated decision making 10 Right to refuse direct marketing calls or mail
Reference wwwirishstatutebookie1988
Reference wwwbbccoukbitesize
Connect with power supply following appropriate safety procedures
Switch on and boot up computer using procedures appropriate to the system
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
26
Turn on the computer at the power button
Ensure your monitor is switched on
Shut down the system using appropriate procedures
Go to Start gt Turn Off Computer gt Turn Off
When the computer is off turn off the power at the plug
Operate computer with due attention to safety procedures
Donrsquot slouch
Keep your back at around a 90 degree angle
Keep your feet on the ground
Take regular breaks
Sit facing the monitor in a straight line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
16
commonly used for printing invoices purchase orders shipping forms labels and other
multi-part forms Dot matrix printers can print through multi-part forms in a single pass
allowing them to produce more pages than even high-speed laser printers
Inkjet
Ink-jets(bubble-jets) printers spray ionized tiny drops of ink onto a
page to create an image This is achieved by using magnetized
plates which direct the inks path onto the paper in the desired
pattern Almost all ink-jets offer a color option as standard in varying
degrees of resolution Ink-jet printers are capable of producing high quality print which
almost matches the quality of a laser printer A standard ink-jet printer has a resolution of
300 dots per inch although newer models have improved on that As a rule color link-jet
printers can also be used as a regular black and white printer
When a Color Inkjet Printer is the Best Choice
Ink jets are a good choice if you are looking for high quality color photo output for a
reasonable price Prices start at around euro150
First youll need to decide on the type of machine you want a standard ink jet for
reasonable photos and a low purchase price or a photo ink jet for superior photo quality
All of the top models offer 4800-by-1200-dpi resolution but they vary quite a bit in terms
of printing speed
Choose an inkjet printer based on the cost of replacement ink cartridges and not on the
cost of the printer Over time ink and paper costs can exceed the cost of the printer
several times over Avoid single-cartridge printers which only come with a color cartridge
that cant print true color It is more cost effective to purchase a color inkjet with multiple
color cartridges (CMYK) so they can be replaced individually
Another cost saving tip Leaving any inkjet idle for even a week or two can allow the ink in
the tiny tubes that feed the nozzles to dry The resulting clogs cause streaks and other
anomalies in your pictures To avoid clogs print at least once a week Some printers run
a maintenance routine on startup meaning that you can keep the nozzles clear simply by
turning your printer on and off once a week Check your devices manual to see whether it
has this feature
LaserJet
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
17
Laser printers operate by shining a laser beam to produce an image on a
drum The drum is then rolled through a pool or reservoir or toner and the
electrically charged portions of the drum pick up ink Finally using a
combination of heat and pressure the ink on the drum is transferred onto the
page Laser printers print very fast and the supply cartridges work a long time Color laser
printers use the same toner-based printing process as black and white ( BW) laser
printers except that they combine four different toner colors Color laser printers can also
be used as a regular black and white laser printer
When to Choose a Laser Printer
If you do a lot of document printing dont use an inkjet printer Use a laser printer Laser
printers cost more to buy but much less to use - they are very cost effective to operate
since their toner cartridges are not replaced as often
With all costs figured in each document page printed on a typical laser printer costs from
2 cents to 5 cents on an inkjet the cost per page can run from 10 cents to 15 cents
depending on the model (This does not even count the cost of photo printing which can
cost up to a eurp per page on an inkjet when you include the high cost of photo paper and
the additional ink thats used in that mode)
Plotters
Plotters are large-scale printers that are very accurate at reproducing line drawings They
are commonly used for technical drawings such as engineering drawings or architectural
blueprints The two basic types of plotters are called flatbed plotters and drum plotters
Flatbed plotters are horizontally aligned with a flat surface to which a piece of paper is
attached The paper remains stationary and the printer moves pens across the paper to
draw the image Drum plotters also called upright plotters are vertically positioned They
have a drum that the paper rolls on Drum plotters
usually make more noise and are more compact than
flatbed plotters
Digital Photo printers
Many middle range printers
are now able to print photo
quality images Usually an
option with color printers specialist photo print
heads allow a greater resolution to be achieved to
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
18
improve photo image quality Photo ink jet printers expand their gamuts by
adding additional ink colors usually light cyan and light magenta
Network printer is a printer that provides output capabilities to
all network users
Multifunction printers combine top-quality color
ink-jet or laser printing with plain-paper and PC faxing color copying and
color scanning telephoning- all in one convenient space-saving machine
If you work from home or have a small office a multifunctional device may be ideal
Name 10 of the factors you should consider when deciding on which printer
you would buy
1) ___________________________
2) ___________________________
3) ___________________________
4) ___________________________
5) ___________________________
6) ___________________________
7) ___________________________
8) ___________________________
9) ___________________________
10) __________________________
What is the difference between a Laser Printer and an Inkjet Printer
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
19
118 Identify the various backing store devices and their associated media and
outline their advantages and disadvantages eg
Floppy Disk
Hard Disk
Optical Disk
Magnetic Tape
Memory CardStick
Magnetic Disks
119 Describe the main parts of a small network eg gateway router hub
server etc
Distinguish between a LAN and a WAN
A computer network is a number of computers linked together to allow them to share
resources Networked computers can share hardware (such as a printer) software
and data
There are two types of network
LAN - Local Area Network
WAN - Wide Area Network
Local Area Network (LAN)
A LAN is a Local Area Network covering a small area such as one building eg in a
school or a college Within a LAN computers and other hardware devices are
connected to the file server This allows the computers to share resources
Wide Area Network (WAN)
A WAN is a Wide Area Network covering a large geographical area
Within a WAN many terminals are connected to the
host computers This allows networks to be cover a
large geographical area
1 The Internet is a WAN
2 A network of bank cash dispensers is a WAN
3 A school network is a LAN
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
20
LANs are often connected to WANs for example a school network could be
connected to the Internet
Identify the components necessary to connect a computer to an Internet
Provider
To connect a computer to the internet you need
1 A computer
2 A telephone line
3 A modem
4 An account with an ISP (Internet Service Provider)
5 Browser software ndash a program which lets you connect to the internet eg
Internet Explorer or Firefox
1110 Distinguish between systems and applications software
See presentation notes
1111 Describe the major functions carried out by an operating system eg
a Providing the user interface
b Scheduling resources amongst users
c Reporting errors to the user
d File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
e Controlling operations of peripheral devices
f Running required software
g Memory management
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
21
File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
Explain the terms file folderdirectory drive
A file is usually a document created in Excel Word or any other program which we have saved onto our computer For example you may have created a file which is a memo about a meeting A folder is usually some where we have saved a file or lots of files It is important to save files in folders related to the content of the file A drive is where the actual location of the stored files and folders are Think of this as the filing cabinet the lsquoMy Documentsrsquo folder is usually saved on the C Drive of a computer
Memo To J Vincent From S Sanghera Re Meeting Please bring your notes with you
Safety Meetings Folder
File
Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
22
Explain what it means to format a disk
Formatting a disk means permanently deleting all the information on the disk or USB and making it blank To format a floppy disk or a USB go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the disk or drive and select lsquoFormatrsquo When you click on lsquoFormatrsquo you will be asked if you are sure you want to lsquoFormatrsquo if you select lsquoOKrsquo the computer will format the disk for you
Note Do not format a disk or drive unless you are sure you want to permanently delete all the information on it
The E Drive is where I have saved my work (USB memory)
These are folders in the E drive
These are files in the folder Year 7 which is saved on the E Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
23
Explain storage capacity
The storage capacity of a memory device is how much information it can hold To find the storage capacity of any drive which is part of your computer or attached to your computer go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the drive or device and go to lsquoPropertiesrsquo
From the lsquoPropertiesrsquo window you will see the overall capacity (size) of the drive and the lsquoUsedrsquo and lsquoFreersquo space available on that drive
Memory Size
Computer memory and disk space is measured by the number of bytes or characters
it is capable of holding Since these numbers are very large the terms kilobyte (KB)
megabyte (MB) and gigabyte (GB) are used
1KB = approximately 1000 bytes (1024 exactly)
1MB = approximately 1000000 bytes (1048576 exactly)
1GB = approximately 1000000000 bytes (1073741824 exactly)
Recognise the ability of computers to communicate with one another
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
24
Computers communicate
with each other via a
network or the internet The
Internet or is a global
network connecting millions
of computers In order for a
computer to connect to
another computer on the
internet the computer must
first have a modem
The modem converts the signals from digital to analogue and sends or receives the
information through the broadband or phone line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
25
Outline the main points of the Data Protection Act
Data protection is about your fundamental right to privacy You can access and
correct data about yourself Those who keep data about you have to comply with data
protection principles
What is data protection
When you give your personal details to an organisation or individual they have a duty to keep these details private and safe This process is known as data protection We refer to organisations or individuals who control the contents and use of your personal details as lsquodata controllersrsquo
Most of us give information about ourselves to groups such as Government bodies banks insurance companies medical professionals and telephone companies to use their services or meet certain conditions Organisations or individuals can also get information about us from other sources Under data protection law you have rights regarding the use of these personal details and data controllers have certain responsibilities in how they handle this information
What are my rights
You have a range of rights when a person or organisation takes and records your personal details Please read this section carefully to make sure that you are aware of your rights
1 Right to have your details used in line with data protection regulations 2 Right to information about your personal details 3 Right to access your personal details 4 Right to know if your personal details are being held 5 Right to change or remove your details 6 Right to prevent use of your personal details 7 Right to remove your details from a direct marketing list 8 Right to object 9 Right to freedom from automated decision making 10 Right to refuse direct marketing calls or mail
Reference wwwirishstatutebookie1988
Reference wwwbbccoukbitesize
Connect with power supply following appropriate safety procedures
Switch on and boot up computer using procedures appropriate to the system
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
26
Turn on the computer at the power button
Ensure your monitor is switched on
Shut down the system using appropriate procedures
Go to Start gt Turn Off Computer gt Turn Off
When the computer is off turn off the power at the plug
Operate computer with due attention to safety procedures
Donrsquot slouch
Keep your back at around a 90 degree angle
Keep your feet on the ground
Take regular breaks
Sit facing the monitor in a straight line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
17
Laser printers operate by shining a laser beam to produce an image on a
drum The drum is then rolled through a pool or reservoir or toner and the
electrically charged portions of the drum pick up ink Finally using a
combination of heat and pressure the ink on the drum is transferred onto the
page Laser printers print very fast and the supply cartridges work a long time Color laser
printers use the same toner-based printing process as black and white ( BW) laser
printers except that they combine four different toner colors Color laser printers can also
be used as a regular black and white laser printer
When to Choose a Laser Printer
If you do a lot of document printing dont use an inkjet printer Use a laser printer Laser
printers cost more to buy but much less to use - they are very cost effective to operate
since their toner cartridges are not replaced as often
With all costs figured in each document page printed on a typical laser printer costs from
2 cents to 5 cents on an inkjet the cost per page can run from 10 cents to 15 cents
depending on the model (This does not even count the cost of photo printing which can
cost up to a eurp per page on an inkjet when you include the high cost of photo paper and
the additional ink thats used in that mode)
Plotters
Plotters are large-scale printers that are very accurate at reproducing line drawings They
are commonly used for technical drawings such as engineering drawings or architectural
blueprints The two basic types of plotters are called flatbed plotters and drum plotters
Flatbed plotters are horizontally aligned with a flat surface to which a piece of paper is
attached The paper remains stationary and the printer moves pens across the paper to
draw the image Drum plotters also called upright plotters are vertically positioned They
have a drum that the paper rolls on Drum plotters
usually make more noise and are more compact than
flatbed plotters
Digital Photo printers
Many middle range printers
are now able to print photo
quality images Usually an
option with color printers specialist photo print
heads allow a greater resolution to be achieved to
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
18
improve photo image quality Photo ink jet printers expand their gamuts by
adding additional ink colors usually light cyan and light magenta
Network printer is a printer that provides output capabilities to
all network users
Multifunction printers combine top-quality color
ink-jet or laser printing with plain-paper and PC faxing color copying and
color scanning telephoning- all in one convenient space-saving machine
If you work from home or have a small office a multifunctional device may be ideal
Name 10 of the factors you should consider when deciding on which printer
you would buy
1) ___________________________
2) ___________________________
3) ___________________________
4) ___________________________
5) ___________________________
6) ___________________________
7) ___________________________
8) ___________________________
9) ___________________________
10) __________________________
What is the difference between a Laser Printer and an Inkjet Printer
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
19
118 Identify the various backing store devices and their associated media and
outline their advantages and disadvantages eg
Floppy Disk
Hard Disk
Optical Disk
Magnetic Tape
Memory CardStick
Magnetic Disks
119 Describe the main parts of a small network eg gateway router hub
server etc
Distinguish between a LAN and a WAN
A computer network is a number of computers linked together to allow them to share
resources Networked computers can share hardware (such as a printer) software
and data
There are two types of network
LAN - Local Area Network
WAN - Wide Area Network
Local Area Network (LAN)
A LAN is a Local Area Network covering a small area such as one building eg in a
school or a college Within a LAN computers and other hardware devices are
connected to the file server This allows the computers to share resources
Wide Area Network (WAN)
A WAN is a Wide Area Network covering a large geographical area
Within a WAN many terminals are connected to the
host computers This allows networks to be cover a
large geographical area
1 The Internet is a WAN
2 A network of bank cash dispensers is a WAN
3 A school network is a LAN
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
20
LANs are often connected to WANs for example a school network could be
connected to the Internet
Identify the components necessary to connect a computer to an Internet
Provider
To connect a computer to the internet you need
1 A computer
2 A telephone line
3 A modem
4 An account with an ISP (Internet Service Provider)
5 Browser software ndash a program which lets you connect to the internet eg
Internet Explorer or Firefox
1110 Distinguish between systems and applications software
See presentation notes
1111 Describe the major functions carried out by an operating system eg
a Providing the user interface
b Scheduling resources amongst users
c Reporting errors to the user
d File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
e Controlling operations of peripheral devices
f Running required software
g Memory management
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
21
File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
Explain the terms file folderdirectory drive
A file is usually a document created in Excel Word or any other program which we have saved onto our computer For example you may have created a file which is a memo about a meeting A folder is usually some where we have saved a file or lots of files It is important to save files in folders related to the content of the file A drive is where the actual location of the stored files and folders are Think of this as the filing cabinet the lsquoMy Documentsrsquo folder is usually saved on the C Drive of a computer
Memo To J Vincent From S Sanghera Re Meeting Please bring your notes with you
Safety Meetings Folder
File
Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
22
Explain what it means to format a disk
Formatting a disk means permanently deleting all the information on the disk or USB and making it blank To format a floppy disk or a USB go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the disk or drive and select lsquoFormatrsquo When you click on lsquoFormatrsquo you will be asked if you are sure you want to lsquoFormatrsquo if you select lsquoOKrsquo the computer will format the disk for you
Note Do not format a disk or drive unless you are sure you want to permanently delete all the information on it
The E Drive is where I have saved my work (USB memory)
These are folders in the E drive
These are files in the folder Year 7 which is saved on the E Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
23
Explain storage capacity
The storage capacity of a memory device is how much information it can hold To find the storage capacity of any drive which is part of your computer or attached to your computer go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the drive or device and go to lsquoPropertiesrsquo
From the lsquoPropertiesrsquo window you will see the overall capacity (size) of the drive and the lsquoUsedrsquo and lsquoFreersquo space available on that drive
Memory Size
Computer memory and disk space is measured by the number of bytes or characters
it is capable of holding Since these numbers are very large the terms kilobyte (KB)
megabyte (MB) and gigabyte (GB) are used
1KB = approximately 1000 bytes (1024 exactly)
1MB = approximately 1000000 bytes (1048576 exactly)
1GB = approximately 1000000000 bytes (1073741824 exactly)
Recognise the ability of computers to communicate with one another
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
24
Computers communicate
with each other via a
network or the internet The
Internet or is a global
network connecting millions
of computers In order for a
computer to connect to
another computer on the
internet the computer must
first have a modem
The modem converts the signals from digital to analogue and sends or receives the
information through the broadband or phone line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
25
Outline the main points of the Data Protection Act
Data protection is about your fundamental right to privacy You can access and
correct data about yourself Those who keep data about you have to comply with data
protection principles
What is data protection
When you give your personal details to an organisation or individual they have a duty to keep these details private and safe This process is known as data protection We refer to organisations or individuals who control the contents and use of your personal details as lsquodata controllersrsquo
Most of us give information about ourselves to groups such as Government bodies banks insurance companies medical professionals and telephone companies to use their services or meet certain conditions Organisations or individuals can also get information about us from other sources Under data protection law you have rights regarding the use of these personal details and data controllers have certain responsibilities in how they handle this information
What are my rights
You have a range of rights when a person or organisation takes and records your personal details Please read this section carefully to make sure that you are aware of your rights
1 Right to have your details used in line with data protection regulations 2 Right to information about your personal details 3 Right to access your personal details 4 Right to know if your personal details are being held 5 Right to change or remove your details 6 Right to prevent use of your personal details 7 Right to remove your details from a direct marketing list 8 Right to object 9 Right to freedom from automated decision making 10 Right to refuse direct marketing calls or mail
Reference wwwirishstatutebookie1988
Reference wwwbbccoukbitesize
Connect with power supply following appropriate safety procedures
Switch on and boot up computer using procedures appropriate to the system
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
26
Turn on the computer at the power button
Ensure your monitor is switched on
Shut down the system using appropriate procedures
Go to Start gt Turn Off Computer gt Turn Off
When the computer is off turn off the power at the plug
Operate computer with due attention to safety procedures
Donrsquot slouch
Keep your back at around a 90 degree angle
Keep your feet on the ground
Take regular breaks
Sit facing the monitor in a straight line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
18
improve photo image quality Photo ink jet printers expand their gamuts by
adding additional ink colors usually light cyan and light magenta
Network printer is a printer that provides output capabilities to
all network users
Multifunction printers combine top-quality color
ink-jet or laser printing with plain-paper and PC faxing color copying and
color scanning telephoning- all in one convenient space-saving machine
If you work from home or have a small office a multifunctional device may be ideal
Name 10 of the factors you should consider when deciding on which printer
you would buy
1) ___________________________
2) ___________________________
3) ___________________________
4) ___________________________
5) ___________________________
6) ___________________________
7) ___________________________
8) ___________________________
9) ___________________________
10) __________________________
What is the difference between a Laser Printer and an Inkjet Printer
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
19
118 Identify the various backing store devices and their associated media and
outline their advantages and disadvantages eg
Floppy Disk
Hard Disk
Optical Disk
Magnetic Tape
Memory CardStick
Magnetic Disks
119 Describe the main parts of a small network eg gateway router hub
server etc
Distinguish between a LAN and a WAN
A computer network is a number of computers linked together to allow them to share
resources Networked computers can share hardware (such as a printer) software
and data
There are two types of network
LAN - Local Area Network
WAN - Wide Area Network
Local Area Network (LAN)
A LAN is a Local Area Network covering a small area such as one building eg in a
school or a college Within a LAN computers and other hardware devices are
connected to the file server This allows the computers to share resources
Wide Area Network (WAN)
A WAN is a Wide Area Network covering a large geographical area
Within a WAN many terminals are connected to the
host computers This allows networks to be cover a
large geographical area
1 The Internet is a WAN
2 A network of bank cash dispensers is a WAN
3 A school network is a LAN
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
20
LANs are often connected to WANs for example a school network could be
connected to the Internet
Identify the components necessary to connect a computer to an Internet
Provider
To connect a computer to the internet you need
1 A computer
2 A telephone line
3 A modem
4 An account with an ISP (Internet Service Provider)
5 Browser software ndash a program which lets you connect to the internet eg
Internet Explorer or Firefox
1110 Distinguish between systems and applications software
See presentation notes
1111 Describe the major functions carried out by an operating system eg
a Providing the user interface
b Scheduling resources amongst users
c Reporting errors to the user
d File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
e Controlling operations of peripheral devices
f Running required software
g Memory management
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
21
File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
Explain the terms file folderdirectory drive
A file is usually a document created in Excel Word or any other program which we have saved onto our computer For example you may have created a file which is a memo about a meeting A folder is usually some where we have saved a file or lots of files It is important to save files in folders related to the content of the file A drive is where the actual location of the stored files and folders are Think of this as the filing cabinet the lsquoMy Documentsrsquo folder is usually saved on the C Drive of a computer
Memo To J Vincent From S Sanghera Re Meeting Please bring your notes with you
Safety Meetings Folder
File
Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
22
Explain what it means to format a disk
Formatting a disk means permanently deleting all the information on the disk or USB and making it blank To format a floppy disk or a USB go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the disk or drive and select lsquoFormatrsquo When you click on lsquoFormatrsquo you will be asked if you are sure you want to lsquoFormatrsquo if you select lsquoOKrsquo the computer will format the disk for you
Note Do not format a disk or drive unless you are sure you want to permanently delete all the information on it
The E Drive is where I have saved my work (USB memory)
These are folders in the E drive
These are files in the folder Year 7 which is saved on the E Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
23
Explain storage capacity
The storage capacity of a memory device is how much information it can hold To find the storage capacity of any drive which is part of your computer or attached to your computer go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the drive or device and go to lsquoPropertiesrsquo
From the lsquoPropertiesrsquo window you will see the overall capacity (size) of the drive and the lsquoUsedrsquo and lsquoFreersquo space available on that drive
Memory Size
Computer memory and disk space is measured by the number of bytes or characters
it is capable of holding Since these numbers are very large the terms kilobyte (KB)
megabyte (MB) and gigabyte (GB) are used
1KB = approximately 1000 bytes (1024 exactly)
1MB = approximately 1000000 bytes (1048576 exactly)
1GB = approximately 1000000000 bytes (1073741824 exactly)
Recognise the ability of computers to communicate with one another
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
24
Computers communicate
with each other via a
network or the internet The
Internet or is a global
network connecting millions
of computers In order for a
computer to connect to
another computer on the
internet the computer must
first have a modem
The modem converts the signals from digital to analogue and sends or receives the
information through the broadband or phone line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
25
Outline the main points of the Data Protection Act
Data protection is about your fundamental right to privacy You can access and
correct data about yourself Those who keep data about you have to comply with data
protection principles
What is data protection
When you give your personal details to an organisation or individual they have a duty to keep these details private and safe This process is known as data protection We refer to organisations or individuals who control the contents and use of your personal details as lsquodata controllersrsquo
Most of us give information about ourselves to groups such as Government bodies banks insurance companies medical professionals and telephone companies to use their services or meet certain conditions Organisations or individuals can also get information about us from other sources Under data protection law you have rights regarding the use of these personal details and data controllers have certain responsibilities in how they handle this information
What are my rights
You have a range of rights when a person or organisation takes and records your personal details Please read this section carefully to make sure that you are aware of your rights
1 Right to have your details used in line with data protection regulations 2 Right to information about your personal details 3 Right to access your personal details 4 Right to know if your personal details are being held 5 Right to change or remove your details 6 Right to prevent use of your personal details 7 Right to remove your details from a direct marketing list 8 Right to object 9 Right to freedom from automated decision making 10 Right to refuse direct marketing calls or mail
Reference wwwirishstatutebookie1988
Reference wwwbbccoukbitesize
Connect with power supply following appropriate safety procedures
Switch on and boot up computer using procedures appropriate to the system
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
26
Turn on the computer at the power button
Ensure your monitor is switched on
Shut down the system using appropriate procedures
Go to Start gt Turn Off Computer gt Turn Off
When the computer is off turn off the power at the plug
Operate computer with due attention to safety procedures
Donrsquot slouch
Keep your back at around a 90 degree angle
Keep your feet on the ground
Take regular breaks
Sit facing the monitor in a straight line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
19
118 Identify the various backing store devices and their associated media and
outline their advantages and disadvantages eg
Floppy Disk
Hard Disk
Optical Disk
Magnetic Tape
Memory CardStick
Magnetic Disks
119 Describe the main parts of a small network eg gateway router hub
server etc
Distinguish between a LAN and a WAN
A computer network is a number of computers linked together to allow them to share
resources Networked computers can share hardware (such as a printer) software
and data
There are two types of network
LAN - Local Area Network
WAN - Wide Area Network
Local Area Network (LAN)
A LAN is a Local Area Network covering a small area such as one building eg in a
school or a college Within a LAN computers and other hardware devices are
connected to the file server This allows the computers to share resources
Wide Area Network (WAN)
A WAN is a Wide Area Network covering a large geographical area
Within a WAN many terminals are connected to the
host computers This allows networks to be cover a
large geographical area
1 The Internet is a WAN
2 A network of bank cash dispensers is a WAN
3 A school network is a LAN
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
20
LANs are often connected to WANs for example a school network could be
connected to the Internet
Identify the components necessary to connect a computer to an Internet
Provider
To connect a computer to the internet you need
1 A computer
2 A telephone line
3 A modem
4 An account with an ISP (Internet Service Provider)
5 Browser software ndash a program which lets you connect to the internet eg
Internet Explorer or Firefox
1110 Distinguish between systems and applications software
See presentation notes
1111 Describe the major functions carried out by an operating system eg
a Providing the user interface
b Scheduling resources amongst users
c Reporting errors to the user
d File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
e Controlling operations of peripheral devices
f Running required software
g Memory management
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
21
File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
Explain the terms file folderdirectory drive
A file is usually a document created in Excel Word or any other program which we have saved onto our computer For example you may have created a file which is a memo about a meeting A folder is usually some where we have saved a file or lots of files It is important to save files in folders related to the content of the file A drive is where the actual location of the stored files and folders are Think of this as the filing cabinet the lsquoMy Documentsrsquo folder is usually saved on the C Drive of a computer
Memo To J Vincent From S Sanghera Re Meeting Please bring your notes with you
Safety Meetings Folder
File
Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
22
Explain what it means to format a disk
Formatting a disk means permanently deleting all the information on the disk or USB and making it blank To format a floppy disk or a USB go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the disk or drive and select lsquoFormatrsquo When you click on lsquoFormatrsquo you will be asked if you are sure you want to lsquoFormatrsquo if you select lsquoOKrsquo the computer will format the disk for you
Note Do not format a disk or drive unless you are sure you want to permanently delete all the information on it
The E Drive is where I have saved my work (USB memory)
These are folders in the E drive
These are files in the folder Year 7 which is saved on the E Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
23
Explain storage capacity
The storage capacity of a memory device is how much information it can hold To find the storage capacity of any drive which is part of your computer or attached to your computer go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the drive or device and go to lsquoPropertiesrsquo
From the lsquoPropertiesrsquo window you will see the overall capacity (size) of the drive and the lsquoUsedrsquo and lsquoFreersquo space available on that drive
Memory Size
Computer memory and disk space is measured by the number of bytes or characters
it is capable of holding Since these numbers are very large the terms kilobyte (KB)
megabyte (MB) and gigabyte (GB) are used
1KB = approximately 1000 bytes (1024 exactly)
1MB = approximately 1000000 bytes (1048576 exactly)
1GB = approximately 1000000000 bytes (1073741824 exactly)
Recognise the ability of computers to communicate with one another
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
24
Computers communicate
with each other via a
network or the internet The
Internet or is a global
network connecting millions
of computers In order for a
computer to connect to
another computer on the
internet the computer must
first have a modem
The modem converts the signals from digital to analogue and sends or receives the
information through the broadband or phone line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
25
Outline the main points of the Data Protection Act
Data protection is about your fundamental right to privacy You can access and
correct data about yourself Those who keep data about you have to comply with data
protection principles
What is data protection
When you give your personal details to an organisation or individual they have a duty to keep these details private and safe This process is known as data protection We refer to organisations or individuals who control the contents and use of your personal details as lsquodata controllersrsquo
Most of us give information about ourselves to groups such as Government bodies banks insurance companies medical professionals and telephone companies to use their services or meet certain conditions Organisations or individuals can also get information about us from other sources Under data protection law you have rights regarding the use of these personal details and data controllers have certain responsibilities in how they handle this information
What are my rights
You have a range of rights when a person or organisation takes and records your personal details Please read this section carefully to make sure that you are aware of your rights
1 Right to have your details used in line with data protection regulations 2 Right to information about your personal details 3 Right to access your personal details 4 Right to know if your personal details are being held 5 Right to change or remove your details 6 Right to prevent use of your personal details 7 Right to remove your details from a direct marketing list 8 Right to object 9 Right to freedom from automated decision making 10 Right to refuse direct marketing calls or mail
Reference wwwirishstatutebookie1988
Reference wwwbbccoukbitesize
Connect with power supply following appropriate safety procedures
Switch on and boot up computer using procedures appropriate to the system
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
26
Turn on the computer at the power button
Ensure your monitor is switched on
Shut down the system using appropriate procedures
Go to Start gt Turn Off Computer gt Turn Off
When the computer is off turn off the power at the plug
Operate computer with due attention to safety procedures
Donrsquot slouch
Keep your back at around a 90 degree angle
Keep your feet on the ground
Take regular breaks
Sit facing the monitor in a straight line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
20
LANs are often connected to WANs for example a school network could be
connected to the Internet
Identify the components necessary to connect a computer to an Internet
Provider
To connect a computer to the internet you need
1 A computer
2 A telephone line
3 A modem
4 An account with an ISP (Internet Service Provider)
5 Browser software ndash a program which lets you connect to the internet eg
Internet Explorer or Firefox
1110 Distinguish between systems and applications software
See presentation notes
1111 Describe the major functions carried out by an operating system eg
a Providing the user interface
b Scheduling resources amongst users
c Reporting errors to the user
d File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
e Controlling operations of peripheral devices
f Running required software
g Memory management
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
21
File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
Explain the terms file folderdirectory drive
A file is usually a document created in Excel Word or any other program which we have saved onto our computer For example you may have created a file which is a memo about a meeting A folder is usually some where we have saved a file or lots of files It is important to save files in folders related to the content of the file A drive is where the actual location of the stored files and folders are Think of this as the filing cabinet the lsquoMy Documentsrsquo folder is usually saved on the C Drive of a computer
Memo To J Vincent From S Sanghera Re Meeting Please bring your notes with you
Safety Meetings Folder
File
Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
22
Explain what it means to format a disk
Formatting a disk means permanently deleting all the information on the disk or USB and making it blank To format a floppy disk or a USB go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the disk or drive and select lsquoFormatrsquo When you click on lsquoFormatrsquo you will be asked if you are sure you want to lsquoFormatrsquo if you select lsquoOKrsquo the computer will format the disk for you
Note Do not format a disk or drive unless you are sure you want to permanently delete all the information on it
The E Drive is where I have saved my work (USB memory)
These are folders in the E drive
These are files in the folder Year 7 which is saved on the E Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
23
Explain storage capacity
The storage capacity of a memory device is how much information it can hold To find the storage capacity of any drive which is part of your computer or attached to your computer go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the drive or device and go to lsquoPropertiesrsquo
From the lsquoPropertiesrsquo window you will see the overall capacity (size) of the drive and the lsquoUsedrsquo and lsquoFreersquo space available on that drive
Memory Size
Computer memory and disk space is measured by the number of bytes or characters
it is capable of holding Since these numbers are very large the terms kilobyte (KB)
megabyte (MB) and gigabyte (GB) are used
1KB = approximately 1000 bytes (1024 exactly)
1MB = approximately 1000000 bytes (1048576 exactly)
1GB = approximately 1000000000 bytes (1073741824 exactly)
Recognise the ability of computers to communicate with one another
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
24
Computers communicate
with each other via a
network or the internet The
Internet or is a global
network connecting millions
of computers In order for a
computer to connect to
another computer on the
internet the computer must
first have a modem
The modem converts the signals from digital to analogue and sends or receives the
information through the broadband or phone line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
25
Outline the main points of the Data Protection Act
Data protection is about your fundamental right to privacy You can access and
correct data about yourself Those who keep data about you have to comply with data
protection principles
What is data protection
When you give your personal details to an organisation or individual they have a duty to keep these details private and safe This process is known as data protection We refer to organisations or individuals who control the contents and use of your personal details as lsquodata controllersrsquo
Most of us give information about ourselves to groups such as Government bodies banks insurance companies medical professionals and telephone companies to use their services or meet certain conditions Organisations or individuals can also get information about us from other sources Under data protection law you have rights regarding the use of these personal details and data controllers have certain responsibilities in how they handle this information
What are my rights
You have a range of rights when a person or organisation takes and records your personal details Please read this section carefully to make sure that you are aware of your rights
1 Right to have your details used in line with data protection regulations 2 Right to information about your personal details 3 Right to access your personal details 4 Right to know if your personal details are being held 5 Right to change or remove your details 6 Right to prevent use of your personal details 7 Right to remove your details from a direct marketing list 8 Right to object 9 Right to freedom from automated decision making 10 Right to refuse direct marketing calls or mail
Reference wwwirishstatutebookie1988
Reference wwwbbccoukbitesize
Connect with power supply following appropriate safety procedures
Switch on and boot up computer using procedures appropriate to the system
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
26
Turn on the computer at the power button
Ensure your monitor is switched on
Shut down the system using appropriate procedures
Go to Start gt Turn Off Computer gt Turn Off
When the computer is off turn off the power at the plug
Operate computer with due attention to safety procedures
Donrsquot slouch
Keep your back at around a 90 degree angle
Keep your feet on the ground
Take regular breaks
Sit facing the monitor in a straight line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
21
File handlingcontrolling access to data on storage devices
Explain the terms file folderdirectory drive
A file is usually a document created in Excel Word or any other program which we have saved onto our computer For example you may have created a file which is a memo about a meeting A folder is usually some where we have saved a file or lots of files It is important to save files in folders related to the content of the file A drive is where the actual location of the stored files and folders are Think of this as the filing cabinet the lsquoMy Documentsrsquo folder is usually saved on the C Drive of a computer
Memo To J Vincent From S Sanghera Re Meeting Please bring your notes with you
Safety Meetings Folder
File
Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
22
Explain what it means to format a disk
Formatting a disk means permanently deleting all the information on the disk or USB and making it blank To format a floppy disk or a USB go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the disk or drive and select lsquoFormatrsquo When you click on lsquoFormatrsquo you will be asked if you are sure you want to lsquoFormatrsquo if you select lsquoOKrsquo the computer will format the disk for you
Note Do not format a disk or drive unless you are sure you want to permanently delete all the information on it
The E Drive is where I have saved my work (USB memory)
These are folders in the E drive
These are files in the folder Year 7 which is saved on the E Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
23
Explain storage capacity
The storage capacity of a memory device is how much information it can hold To find the storage capacity of any drive which is part of your computer or attached to your computer go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the drive or device and go to lsquoPropertiesrsquo
From the lsquoPropertiesrsquo window you will see the overall capacity (size) of the drive and the lsquoUsedrsquo and lsquoFreersquo space available on that drive
Memory Size
Computer memory and disk space is measured by the number of bytes or characters
it is capable of holding Since these numbers are very large the terms kilobyte (KB)
megabyte (MB) and gigabyte (GB) are used
1KB = approximately 1000 bytes (1024 exactly)
1MB = approximately 1000000 bytes (1048576 exactly)
1GB = approximately 1000000000 bytes (1073741824 exactly)
Recognise the ability of computers to communicate with one another
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
24
Computers communicate
with each other via a
network or the internet The
Internet or is a global
network connecting millions
of computers In order for a
computer to connect to
another computer on the
internet the computer must
first have a modem
The modem converts the signals from digital to analogue and sends or receives the
information through the broadband or phone line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
25
Outline the main points of the Data Protection Act
Data protection is about your fundamental right to privacy You can access and
correct data about yourself Those who keep data about you have to comply with data
protection principles
What is data protection
When you give your personal details to an organisation or individual they have a duty to keep these details private and safe This process is known as data protection We refer to organisations or individuals who control the contents and use of your personal details as lsquodata controllersrsquo
Most of us give information about ourselves to groups such as Government bodies banks insurance companies medical professionals and telephone companies to use their services or meet certain conditions Organisations or individuals can also get information about us from other sources Under data protection law you have rights regarding the use of these personal details and data controllers have certain responsibilities in how they handle this information
What are my rights
You have a range of rights when a person or organisation takes and records your personal details Please read this section carefully to make sure that you are aware of your rights
1 Right to have your details used in line with data protection regulations 2 Right to information about your personal details 3 Right to access your personal details 4 Right to know if your personal details are being held 5 Right to change or remove your details 6 Right to prevent use of your personal details 7 Right to remove your details from a direct marketing list 8 Right to object 9 Right to freedom from automated decision making 10 Right to refuse direct marketing calls or mail
Reference wwwirishstatutebookie1988
Reference wwwbbccoukbitesize
Connect with power supply following appropriate safety procedures
Switch on and boot up computer using procedures appropriate to the system
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
26
Turn on the computer at the power button
Ensure your monitor is switched on
Shut down the system using appropriate procedures
Go to Start gt Turn Off Computer gt Turn Off
When the computer is off turn off the power at the plug
Operate computer with due attention to safety procedures
Donrsquot slouch
Keep your back at around a 90 degree angle
Keep your feet on the ground
Take regular breaks
Sit facing the monitor in a straight line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
22
Explain what it means to format a disk
Formatting a disk means permanently deleting all the information on the disk or USB and making it blank To format a floppy disk or a USB go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the disk or drive and select lsquoFormatrsquo When you click on lsquoFormatrsquo you will be asked if you are sure you want to lsquoFormatrsquo if you select lsquoOKrsquo the computer will format the disk for you
Note Do not format a disk or drive unless you are sure you want to permanently delete all the information on it
The E Drive is where I have saved my work (USB memory)
These are folders in the E drive
These are files in the folder Year 7 which is saved on the E Drive
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
23
Explain storage capacity
The storage capacity of a memory device is how much information it can hold To find the storage capacity of any drive which is part of your computer or attached to your computer go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the drive or device and go to lsquoPropertiesrsquo
From the lsquoPropertiesrsquo window you will see the overall capacity (size) of the drive and the lsquoUsedrsquo and lsquoFreersquo space available on that drive
Memory Size
Computer memory and disk space is measured by the number of bytes or characters
it is capable of holding Since these numbers are very large the terms kilobyte (KB)
megabyte (MB) and gigabyte (GB) are used
1KB = approximately 1000 bytes (1024 exactly)
1MB = approximately 1000000 bytes (1048576 exactly)
1GB = approximately 1000000000 bytes (1073741824 exactly)
Recognise the ability of computers to communicate with one another
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
24
Computers communicate
with each other via a
network or the internet The
Internet or is a global
network connecting millions
of computers In order for a
computer to connect to
another computer on the
internet the computer must
first have a modem
The modem converts the signals from digital to analogue and sends or receives the
information through the broadband or phone line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
25
Outline the main points of the Data Protection Act
Data protection is about your fundamental right to privacy You can access and
correct data about yourself Those who keep data about you have to comply with data
protection principles
What is data protection
When you give your personal details to an organisation or individual they have a duty to keep these details private and safe This process is known as data protection We refer to organisations or individuals who control the contents and use of your personal details as lsquodata controllersrsquo
Most of us give information about ourselves to groups such as Government bodies banks insurance companies medical professionals and telephone companies to use their services or meet certain conditions Organisations or individuals can also get information about us from other sources Under data protection law you have rights regarding the use of these personal details and data controllers have certain responsibilities in how they handle this information
What are my rights
You have a range of rights when a person or organisation takes and records your personal details Please read this section carefully to make sure that you are aware of your rights
1 Right to have your details used in line with data protection regulations 2 Right to information about your personal details 3 Right to access your personal details 4 Right to know if your personal details are being held 5 Right to change or remove your details 6 Right to prevent use of your personal details 7 Right to remove your details from a direct marketing list 8 Right to object 9 Right to freedom from automated decision making 10 Right to refuse direct marketing calls or mail
Reference wwwirishstatutebookie1988
Reference wwwbbccoukbitesize
Connect with power supply following appropriate safety procedures
Switch on and boot up computer using procedures appropriate to the system
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
26
Turn on the computer at the power button
Ensure your monitor is switched on
Shut down the system using appropriate procedures
Go to Start gt Turn Off Computer gt Turn Off
When the computer is off turn off the power at the plug
Operate computer with due attention to safety procedures
Donrsquot slouch
Keep your back at around a 90 degree angle
Keep your feet on the ground
Take regular breaks
Sit facing the monitor in a straight line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
23
Explain storage capacity
The storage capacity of a memory device is how much information it can hold To find the storage capacity of any drive which is part of your computer or attached to your computer go to lsquoMy Computerrsquo right click on the drive or device and go to lsquoPropertiesrsquo
From the lsquoPropertiesrsquo window you will see the overall capacity (size) of the drive and the lsquoUsedrsquo and lsquoFreersquo space available on that drive
Memory Size
Computer memory and disk space is measured by the number of bytes or characters
it is capable of holding Since these numbers are very large the terms kilobyte (KB)
megabyte (MB) and gigabyte (GB) are used
1KB = approximately 1000 bytes (1024 exactly)
1MB = approximately 1000000 bytes (1048576 exactly)
1GB = approximately 1000000000 bytes (1073741824 exactly)
Recognise the ability of computers to communicate with one another
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
24
Computers communicate
with each other via a
network or the internet The
Internet or is a global
network connecting millions
of computers In order for a
computer to connect to
another computer on the
internet the computer must
first have a modem
The modem converts the signals from digital to analogue and sends or receives the
information through the broadband or phone line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
25
Outline the main points of the Data Protection Act
Data protection is about your fundamental right to privacy You can access and
correct data about yourself Those who keep data about you have to comply with data
protection principles
What is data protection
When you give your personal details to an organisation or individual they have a duty to keep these details private and safe This process is known as data protection We refer to organisations or individuals who control the contents and use of your personal details as lsquodata controllersrsquo
Most of us give information about ourselves to groups such as Government bodies banks insurance companies medical professionals and telephone companies to use their services or meet certain conditions Organisations or individuals can also get information about us from other sources Under data protection law you have rights regarding the use of these personal details and data controllers have certain responsibilities in how they handle this information
What are my rights
You have a range of rights when a person or organisation takes and records your personal details Please read this section carefully to make sure that you are aware of your rights
1 Right to have your details used in line with data protection regulations 2 Right to information about your personal details 3 Right to access your personal details 4 Right to know if your personal details are being held 5 Right to change or remove your details 6 Right to prevent use of your personal details 7 Right to remove your details from a direct marketing list 8 Right to object 9 Right to freedom from automated decision making 10 Right to refuse direct marketing calls or mail
Reference wwwirishstatutebookie1988
Reference wwwbbccoukbitesize
Connect with power supply following appropriate safety procedures
Switch on and boot up computer using procedures appropriate to the system
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
26
Turn on the computer at the power button
Ensure your monitor is switched on
Shut down the system using appropriate procedures
Go to Start gt Turn Off Computer gt Turn Off
When the computer is off turn off the power at the plug
Operate computer with due attention to safety procedures
Donrsquot slouch
Keep your back at around a 90 degree angle
Keep your feet on the ground
Take regular breaks
Sit facing the monitor in a straight line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
24
Computers communicate
with each other via a
network or the internet The
Internet or is a global
network connecting millions
of computers In order for a
computer to connect to
another computer on the
internet the computer must
first have a modem
The modem converts the signals from digital to analogue and sends or receives the
information through the broadband or phone line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
25
Outline the main points of the Data Protection Act
Data protection is about your fundamental right to privacy You can access and
correct data about yourself Those who keep data about you have to comply with data
protection principles
What is data protection
When you give your personal details to an organisation or individual they have a duty to keep these details private and safe This process is known as data protection We refer to organisations or individuals who control the contents and use of your personal details as lsquodata controllersrsquo
Most of us give information about ourselves to groups such as Government bodies banks insurance companies medical professionals and telephone companies to use their services or meet certain conditions Organisations or individuals can also get information about us from other sources Under data protection law you have rights regarding the use of these personal details and data controllers have certain responsibilities in how they handle this information
What are my rights
You have a range of rights when a person or organisation takes and records your personal details Please read this section carefully to make sure that you are aware of your rights
1 Right to have your details used in line with data protection regulations 2 Right to information about your personal details 3 Right to access your personal details 4 Right to know if your personal details are being held 5 Right to change or remove your details 6 Right to prevent use of your personal details 7 Right to remove your details from a direct marketing list 8 Right to object 9 Right to freedom from automated decision making 10 Right to refuse direct marketing calls or mail
Reference wwwirishstatutebookie1988
Reference wwwbbccoukbitesize
Connect with power supply following appropriate safety procedures
Switch on and boot up computer using procedures appropriate to the system
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
26
Turn on the computer at the power button
Ensure your monitor is switched on
Shut down the system using appropriate procedures
Go to Start gt Turn Off Computer gt Turn Off
When the computer is off turn off the power at the plug
Operate computer with due attention to safety procedures
Donrsquot slouch
Keep your back at around a 90 degree angle
Keep your feet on the ground
Take regular breaks
Sit facing the monitor in a straight line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
25
Outline the main points of the Data Protection Act
Data protection is about your fundamental right to privacy You can access and
correct data about yourself Those who keep data about you have to comply with data
protection principles
What is data protection
When you give your personal details to an organisation or individual they have a duty to keep these details private and safe This process is known as data protection We refer to organisations or individuals who control the contents and use of your personal details as lsquodata controllersrsquo
Most of us give information about ourselves to groups such as Government bodies banks insurance companies medical professionals and telephone companies to use their services or meet certain conditions Organisations or individuals can also get information about us from other sources Under data protection law you have rights regarding the use of these personal details and data controllers have certain responsibilities in how they handle this information
What are my rights
You have a range of rights when a person or organisation takes and records your personal details Please read this section carefully to make sure that you are aware of your rights
1 Right to have your details used in line with data protection regulations 2 Right to information about your personal details 3 Right to access your personal details 4 Right to know if your personal details are being held 5 Right to change or remove your details 6 Right to prevent use of your personal details 7 Right to remove your details from a direct marketing list 8 Right to object 9 Right to freedom from automated decision making 10 Right to refuse direct marketing calls or mail
Reference wwwirishstatutebookie1988
Reference wwwbbccoukbitesize
Connect with power supply following appropriate safety procedures
Switch on and boot up computer using procedures appropriate to the system
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
26
Turn on the computer at the power button
Ensure your monitor is switched on
Shut down the system using appropriate procedures
Go to Start gt Turn Off Computer gt Turn Off
When the computer is off turn off the power at the plug
Operate computer with due attention to safety procedures
Donrsquot slouch
Keep your back at around a 90 degree angle
Keep your feet on the ground
Take regular breaks
Sit facing the monitor in a straight line
Unit 1 Computer Introduction Business Computing Level 5 L22142
26
Turn on the computer at the power button
Ensure your monitor is switched on
Shut down the system using appropriate procedures
Go to Start gt Turn Off Computer gt Turn Off
When the computer is off turn off the power at the plug
Operate computer with due attention to safety procedures
Donrsquot slouch
Keep your back at around a 90 degree angle
Keep your feet on the ground
Take regular breaks
Sit facing the monitor in a straight line