business data communications, stallings 1 chapter 1: introduction william stallings business data...
TRANSCRIPT
Business Data Communications, Stallings
1
Chapter 1: Introduction
William Stallings Business Data Communications
6th Edition
Business Data Communications, Stallings
2
Information & Communication
• Networking is critical to the new corporate structures emerging in today’s businesses
• Benefits of good networks– make geographically dispersed companies more
manageable– help top-heavy companies trim down middle
management– help companies break down barriers between
divisions.– make automation and quality enforcement easier to
implement.
Business Data Communications, Stallings
3
3
Basic Communications Model
Source: Generates data to be transmitted
Transmitter: Converts data into transmittable
signals
Transmission System: Carries data
Receiver: Converts received signal into data
Destination: Takes incoming data
Business Data Communications, Stallings
4
4
Basic Communications Model• Example
– Communication between a workstation and a server
Business Data Communications, Stallings
5
Trends Driving Data Communication
• Traffic growth– Voice & data over Internet Protocol (IP); local
and long distance• Development of new services
– Multimedia on demand and TV distribution• Advances in technology
– Encourage and support increased growth and new developments
Business Data Communications, Stallings
6
Key Technology Trends
• Faster and cheaper computing platforms, communications hardware, and software
• Increasingly “intelligent” networks, management and assessment tools
• Growing importance of Internet, intranet and extranet applications
• Increasing use of and dependence on mobile and wireless technology
Business Data Communications, Stallings
7
Enterprise Networks Drivers
Business Data Communications, Stallings
8
Enterprise Networks ConvergenceA Three-Layer Model
1. Applications: Seen by end users– Voice calling, email, and instant messaging– Group collaboration and relationship management
2. Enterprise Services: Seen by network Manager– Design, maintenance, and support services– Authentication, capacity management, and QoS
3. Infrastructure: Enterprise available assets– Links, LANs, WANs, and Internet connections– Carry information over data networks
Business Data Communications, Stallings
9
Unified Communication (UC) Convergence
Web 2.0: Second generation web capabilities1. User generated content (blogs, wikis, clips, etc.)
2. Desktop –like user interface friendly capabilities
Real-Time Communication (RTC): desktop and mobile software clients functionalities
IP Enabling Contact Centers: Enhance customer contact center functionality and performance
IP Mobility: Remote access technology and mobile employees support
IP Wireless: IP packet extended to support local and wide area wireless communication
Business Data Communications, Stallings
10
Business Information Requirements
Personal, Workgroup, and Enterprise
Unified Integrated Communications:• Voice communications• Data communications• Image communications• Video communications
Business Data Communications, Stallings
11
The Internet andDistributed Applications
Internet: a key infrastructure for supporting distributed applications
TCP/IP: standard open architecture protocol suite universally used in data networks
Distributed Applications: used in intercompany and intra-company information exchange
Client-Server & Intranets: easy to implement approach to most business applications
Business Data Communications, Stallings
12
Network Types
• Local Area Networks (LANs)• Wide Area Networks (WANs)
– Circuit Switched– Packet Switched– Frame Relay– ATM
• Wireless Networks• Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs)
Business Data Communications, Stallings
13
Simplified Network Model
WAN
LAN
Business Data Communications, Stallings
14
Networking Configuration
Business Data Communications, Stallings
15
Transmission of Information• Transmission - converts data into transmittable signals
• Transmission Media- twisted pair, fiber, wireless, and coax
• Communication Techniques- encoding, interface, protocols
• Transmission efficiency- multiplexing, compression
Business Data Communications, Stallings
16
Management Issues• Network Security
– Confidentiality– Integrity– Availability
• Network Management– Highly distributed peer-to-peer networks– Complexity of managing and maintaining – Reliable operation at all times– Skilled personnel and communication costs
Business Data Communications, Stallings
17
Communications Standards• Importance
– Choice of vendors and products– Competition leads to lower cost– Enovation through open standards
• Organizations– Internet Society (ISOC), International Organization
for Standardization (ISO), the IEEE 802 LAN/MAN Committee, the international Telecommunication Union (ITU), and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST),
Business Data Communications, Stallings
18
Resources• Book Web Site
– http://williamstallings.com
• Usenet Newsgroups– IEEE Standards in Education– No Jitter– ZDNet
• Journals– Business-oriented– Technical