business ethics & indian ethos in management ethics culture and values, importance of culture in...
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BUSINESS ETHICS & INDIAN ETHOS IN MANAGEMENT
Ethics culture and values, Importance of culture in org, Indian ethos and value systems, concepts of dharma, Nishkama karma and purusharthas; Model of management in Indian socio political environment . Work ethos Indian heritage in production and consumption
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N Murthy to head ethics council
BS Reporter / Mumbai February 12, 2009, 0:53 IST
Taking a cue from the recent Satyam Computer Services fraud case that has hit the corporate image of India, software body Nasscom announced the formation of a Corporate Governance and Ethics Council today.
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ETHICSEthics is a set of standards, or a code or value system, worked out from human reason and experience, by which free human actions are determined as
ultimately right or wrong, good or evil
If an action agrees with these standards, it is ethical;
if not , it unethical
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MORALITY
the standards that an individual or a group
has about what is
right and wrong or
good and evil
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MORAL STANDARDS
The norms about the kinds of actions believed to be
morally right and wrong as well as the values placed on the kinds of objects believed to be
morally good and morally bad
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BUSINESS ETHICSa specialised study of moral right and wrong that concetrates on moral standards as they apply to business institutions,
organisations and behavior
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ARGUMENTS AGAINST…………….in a free market economy, the persuit of
profit will ensure maximum social benefit
a managers most important obligation is to the company
Business ethics is limited to obeying the law
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ARGUMENTS SUPPORTING ETHICSethics applies to all human activities
business cannot survive without ethics
ethics is consistent with profit seeking
customers and employees care about ethics
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RABINDRANATH TAGORE
The moral side represents training of unselfishnesss, control desire, the spiritual side represents sympathy and love. They should be taken together and never seperated
We long for things not because they are great in themselves, but because they are great in themselves, but because our greed exaggerates them………These exaggeratins ……..break harmony of our life at every step, we lose the true standards of life
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VIVEKANANDA
all the secrets of success is there to pay as much attention to the means as to the end
Ethics itself is not the end
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MAHATMA GHANDHI
honesty is the best policy
trusteeship
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SRI AUROBINDO
the kernel of the true ethical being remains the same will, character, self discipline, self mastery
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These four steps are Dharma, Artha, Kama and Moksha.
The word Dharma means that which holds society and the world.
By following its rules, one becomes virtuous.
For our purpose we may describe Dharma as right conduct.
PURUSHARTHA
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By Artha we mean wealth, family, friends, education etc. These should be earned in the right way. That can be done only by following the rules of Dharma.
If we observe Dharma in the right way, we earn the right kind of Artha. The first leads to the second.
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Kama means desire or love. This desire should be moral. If we practise Dharma and earn Artha in the right way, our Kama too will be of the right type
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Moksha is the last step in the journey of man’s life. The first three steps will naturally lead to the last step.
If, however, we make a mistake in the earlier steps, we will not reach the last step.
The word Moksha means liberation. A person who is liberated has no further birth or death.
So, he need not suffer the pains and enjoy the small pleasures of the earth.
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ISSUES IN BUSINESS ETHOS
Objectives of businessOwners of businessCustomersEmployeesCreditorsGovernmentCompetitive institutionsLocal communityNational interest
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ISSUES IN BUSINESS ETHOS
Objectives of businessmaximum profit, reasonable profitsocial, human and national ,
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ISSUES IN BUSINESS ETHOS
Owners of businessinvestment on profitable projectrisk in establishing new businesssafeguard interest of minority shareholdersinfo to every member of the progress
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ISSUES IN BUSINESS ETHOS
Customersquality, price and usabilitypurity and safetypricing of goodscorrect measure and weightprotection of consumer rightwarrantymisleading ad and publicityMRTP
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ISSUES IN BUSINESS ETHOS
Employeesappointmentpromotiontransfersecuritytraining and developmentwages and salarieslabour welfare
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ISSUES IN BUSINESS ETHOS
Creditorsutilisation of loans on profitable schemesobservation of terms and conditions of
loanmaintaining of proper accounts of loantimely payment of interesttimely repayment of loans
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ISSUES IN BUSINESS ETHOS
Governmentpayment of taxesproper assessment of taxesimplementing government policiesmaintaining proper accounts donation to political parties
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ISSUES IN BUSINESS ETHOS
Competitive institutionswhile criticizing the policies of competing institutions ethical considerations are necessary
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ISSUES IN BUSINESS ETHOS
Local communityhealth, education, living standards (coke, tata)waste disposalsocial welfare and community developmentenvironment protectionpriority in employement
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INDIAN ETHOS AND INSIGHTS
Divinity of human beingBalanceIndividualDivine element in individualBased on scripturesEmphasis on values, human and ethicsEmphasis on duties and responsibilitiesAll work is worthy
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INDIAN ETHOS AND INSIGHTS
Divinity of human beingone can be a perfect being
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INDIAN ETHOS AND INSIGHTS
Balancedesire and desirelessnesseven a king be the knower of reality eg Janaka
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INDIAN ETHOS AND INSIGHTS
Individualif you are good world is good
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INDIAN ETHOS AND INSIGHTS
Divine element in individualindividual is a portion of cosmic consciousness
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INDIAN ETHOS AND INSIGHTS
Based on scripturesveda,
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INDIAN ETHOS AND INSIGHTS
Emphasis on values, human and ethicsknowledge is not power but character
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INDIAN ETHOS AND INSIGHTS
Emphasis on duties and responsibilities
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INDIAN ETHOS AND INSIGHTS
All work is worthywork is worship
Bhagwat-Gita
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Model of management in Indian socio political environment .
the most important tenets of Indian modelHUMAN VALUESHOLISM
There are three types of moral theories in ethicsutilitarian : greatest good for greatest numberall people have basic rightstheory of justice
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Business Ethics:
Five part structure
the specification of moral judgmentmoral judgment and moral standardjustification of moral judgmentlogical reasoning and moral judgmentmoral judgment and moral responsibility
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Relevance of value in Management;
Values
dharma or divine nature – east
integrity - west
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Relevance of value in Management;
Integrity wholenessgoodnesscourageself discipline
Dharma spiritrighteousness (godliness)fearlessness
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Values vs Skills
To become need value , to do we need skillBecoming ( need value) must precede doing (skill)Values are internal skill is external
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Why value based holistic management
1 Exploitation of nature2 Man –
machine
equation
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Value Driven Management
Managerial Effectiveness
Value orientation (is central)
Pure mind
Four traditional methods of mind purification
GYANA KARMABHAKTHIRAJA
Path of knowledgeKnowing self
Path of mind controlmeditation
Path of devotionSelf surrender
Path of actionSelfless action
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Holistic Approach:
Based on
spiritual principle of unity, oneness, non dualuniverse is undivided wholeentire humanity is ONE
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Ethical relativismmorality is just function of what a
particular society happens to believe
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•A helping hand rather than accusing finger•Prevention rather than repression•Tailor made approach rather than uniform approach•Process orientation rather than product orientation•Evolving rather than starting from nothing•Integrated effort rather than fragmented effort•Continuing attention rather than single
Ethics Management
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Tool to promote ethical corporate behaviorfostering core values based on ethicsfocus on dominant beliefs
Role of organisational culture in ethics
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Structure of ethics management
Control Guidance Management
Legal framework (weak) Leadership based on service Adaptable, flexible organization
Internal policies (informal) Formal & informal socialization
Practices, traditions evolved by adaptation
Shared values Ethical analysis skills
The elements of ES according to their function in a Mexican NPO
http://soc.kuleuven.be/io/ethics/paper/
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Ethics committeeethics steering committee for
ethics policy formulationguidanceco ordinationup dating policy
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Communicating ethics
Communicating formal or informaltop management commitment , leadership
are communicated in many ways
speechesdirectivescompany publicationspolicy statementsmost important actions
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Ethical Audit
Before launching on an audit
1 Purpose2 Type and topics3 Context4 Process5 People6 Analysis and reporting7 Follow up
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Corporate governanceset of systems and processesensure that company is managed in the best interests of stake holders
Social responsibility Business Ethics Business Policy
Public Policy