business feasibility investigation into exporting ... · manufacturers have traditionally...

2018 Business Feasibility Investigation

for Overseas Deployment of High Quality Energy

Infrastructure Technology

(An Investigation into Feasibility

of Overseas Infrastructure Technology Transfer

by Our Country’s Companies)

Business Feasibility Investigation

into Exporting Infrastructure Technology

Backed by Cooperation between Manufacturers

and Utilities in Power Transmission O&M Field

Survey Report

March 2019

Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry

Contractor: Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.

2

Preface

This report summarizes the results of 2018 business feasibility investigation for overseas

deployment of high quality energy infrastructure technology (An investigation into feasibility of

Overseas Infrastructure Technology Transfer by Our Country’s Companies).

To accelerate overseas Power Transmission and Distribution business expansion in Asia, this Asian

business feasibility investigation into exporting infrastructure technology backed by cooperation, for

example, between manufacturers and utilities in power transmission operation and maintenance

(O&M) field was carried out as to a new business model that incorporates power cable

manufacturers’ sensor system technology and know-how and power utilities’ asset management and

O&M know-how for each Asian country’s electricity utility companies.

In the investigation, assuming Hong Kong, Macau and Thailand were highly in need of O&M

technology, there were numerous visits to each power utility in these countries, site facility surveys

and repeated discussions of their needs and issues while establishing relationships with them, and

elaborate O&M proposal activity executed.

Also, the report proposes strategies to build the business and extracts issues for business promotion

as a result of this effective business model of cooperation between our country’s manufacturers and

utilities as well as in accordance with the concluded needs, issues in Power Transmission and

Distribution field and the summarized power situations of these countries.

Hopefully, the report will help realize the business model of cooperation between manufacturers

and utilities, and contribute to Power Transmission and Distribution business expansion in the Asian

region.

Finally, we are truly grateful and thankful to the power utility company and all involved staff of local

subsidiaries in these countries for your corporation in the investigation.

March 2019

Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.

3

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Background of the Survey and Its Purpose

1.1 Background of This Survey ..................................................................... 5

1.1.1 Current Status of the Power Transmission Infrastructure Market in

the Asian Region ................................................................................. 5

1.1.2 Current Status of Overseas Business Deployment by Japanese

Companies in the Field of Power Transmission ................................. 5

1.2 Purpose of This Survey ........................................................................... 7

1.2.1 Building a Streamlined Service Model through Cooperation between

Manufacturers and Utilities ............................................................... 7

1.3 Selection of eligible countries in the investigation ........................................ 8

Chapter 2 Organization of Basic Information

2.1 Basic Information and Power Circumstances in the Target Countries . 9

2.1.1 Basic Information and Power Circumstances in Hong Kong ............ 9

2.1.2 Basic Information and Power Circumstances in Macau .................. 12

2.1.3 Basic Information and Power Circumstances in Thailand .............. 15

2.2 Power Circumstances in Neighboring Countries .................................. 16

Chapter 3 Proposals of O&M Technical Cooperation and Power

Transmission Facility Design

3.1 Needs and Business Issues in Hong Kong ............................................ 18

3.1.1 Needs in Hong Kong ......................................................................... 18

3.1.2 Proposals of O&M Technical Cooperation and Power Transmission

Facility Design .................................................................................. 19

3.1.3 Business Issues ................................................................................. 21

3.2 Needs and Business Issues in Macau ................................................... 23

3.2.1 Needs in Macau ................................................................................. 23


Facility Design .................................................................................. 24

3.2.3 Business Issues ................................................................................. 24

3.3 Needs and Business Issues in Thailand ............................................... 25

4

3.3.1 Needs in Thailand ............................................................................. 25


Facility Design .................................................................................. 26

3.3.3 Business Issues ................................................................................. 27

3.4 Business Deployment to Neighboring Countries .................................. 28

3.5 Assumed Business ................................................................................. 28

3.6 Environmental Improvement Effect ..................................................... 29

Chapter 4 Consideration on Commercialization of This

Business

4.1 Consideration on Finance ..................................................................... 30

4.2 Prospects for Utilization of Policy Support, etc. ................................... 30

4.3 Economic Analysis ................................................................................. 30

4.4 Japan’s Technical Competitiveness on the Equipment, Technology, etc.

Necessary for Commercialization of This Business .............................. 30

4.5 Achievement and Issues regarding Business Promotion ..................... 33

5

Chapter 1 Background of the Survey and Its Purpose

1.1 Background of This Survey

1.1.1 Current Status of the Power Transmission Infrastructure Market in the

Asian Region In the transmission line infrastructure market in the Asian region, Japanese electrical wire

manufacturers have traditionally demonstrated strong competitiveness with their high technological

capabilities, but in recent years due to the emergence of overseas emerging cable manufacturers,

price competition is intensifying in the AC transmission line market which is the volume zone

especially in the Asian market. In the Asian region, developing countries and semi-developed

countries with small capital resources for capital investment still have many electric power

companies that emphasize only the initial capital investment rather than the quality and reliability of

long-term power transmission facilities, and Japan electric wire manufacturers increasingly tend to

lose orders because they are subordinate in the price of transmission lines compared with overseas

emerging electric wire manufacturers. This situation has been going on over the last few years, and

the share of Japanese electric cable manufacturers in the Asian power transmission infrastructure

market has been decreasing.

On the other hand, low-priced power transmission lines of overseas emerging cable

manufacturers have improved in the quality level than before, but product troubles are still occurring

frequently, and after-sales service after product delivery or after trouble occurrence also has

incompleteness, therefore electric power companies in each country are also complaining about the

deterioration of power transmission quality. For example, we can see cases where power

transmission lines (cables) shortly after completion of construction by overseas emerging cable

manufacturers are totally replaced due to frequent troubles. In terms of quality, the transmission lines

of Japanese electric wire manufacturers should have high competitiveness in the Asian market, but

electric power companies in each country are still keeping their eyes on the initial capital investment

amount, and the transmission lines of the Japanese electric wire manufacturer are not frequently

adopted.

1.1.2 Current Status of Overseas Business Deployment by Japanese

Companies in the Field of Power Transmission Japanese electric wire manufacturers have multiple sales bases and construction bases in the

Asian region and have traditionally demonstrated strong competitiveness with their high

technological capabilities and have delivered electric wires to electric power companies in each

country. In recent years, they are also aiming at ensuring competitiveness and developing

exportation by deployment to the integrated business area of “Energy” and “IoT” which combines

electric wires with sensor technology and communication technology, etc. for maintenance and

monitoring of electric wires. However, the issue in terms of price is still serious, and in the present

situation they have not achieved overwhelming differentiation to overseas emerging electric wire

manufacturers.

In addition, in domestic electric power companies, overseas business deployment of power

transmission / distribution sectors is progressing in accordance with the change of business

environment accompanied by power system reformation. However, unlike expansion of business

through technical cooperation in the field of power generation, most of overseas business

deployment in the field of power transmission are aiming at securing earnings through equity

investment in the power transmission business in Europe and the United States, and business

deployment in the Asian region is little. In addition, the high technological capabilities related to the

facility operation of domestic electric power companies are not fully utilized. In the current

circumstances, as well as power generation field, some domestic power utility companies

aggressively put their best effort in promoting their O&M technology in Power Transmission and

Distribution field, and thus have been looking for an opportunity for further overseas business

expansion while continuing to build relationships with power transmission operators, electric power

companies in each of the countries.

6

Given such a situation, the investigation by studying a feasibility of constructing a new business

model that comprises streamlined services in power transmission field based on the combination of

power utilities’ O&M technical cooperation and manufacturers’ cable, sensor supply is undertaken

by collaboration between domestic power utility companies and manufacturers.

7

1.2 Purpose of This Survey

1.2.1 Building a Streamlined Service Model through Cooperation between

Manufacturers and Utilities

Figure 1.2.1-1 Current status and aims of the power transmission infrastructure market

in the Asian region

Therefore, as a measure to expand the business of Japanese companies in the Asian power

transmission infrastructure market, we are conducting this survey with the aim of realizing a

streamlined service business without precedent in the Asian region that combines technical

cooperation related to knowledge-intensive power transmission facility O&M / renewal by domestic

electric power companies with delivery of products by domestic electric wire manufacturers.

Specifically, we will propose a streamlined service related to the improvement of electric power

quality by combining our high-quality transmission lines / monitoring and communication systems

with know-how on power transmission facilities of Japanese electric power utility who is aggressive

in overseas deployment as a high-quality transmission infrastructure solution to electric power

companies in Asian countries (Table 1.2.1-1). At the same time, we will also work on technological

proposals concerning the quality improvement of the design / construction of power transmission

facilities with making full use of the domestic performances of our company and Japanese electric

power utility, while establishing relationships with power companies in each country, so as to

investigate issues and needs of each electric power company.

Through these efforts, ultimately, we will provide technical cooperation and product delivery

(hereinafter high-quality power transmission infrastructure solution) related to the general processes

such as design, construction, O&M, and renewal of power transmission facilities, and propose new

additional values besides initial capital investment (such as stable supply of electric power, total cost

reduction regarding overall initial lifecycle cost), so that we aim to promote differentiation from

overseas emerging electric wire manufacturers specialized in separate selling of electric wires, and

recapture the share of Japanese electric wire manufacturers in the Asian region, and expand business.

Also, providing high-quality power transmission infrastructure solutions is highly likely lead to

contract of consulting business related to the operation and renewal of electric power companies’

facilities besides deliveries of products, and domestic electric power companies are also expected to

establish stable relationships and profit structure over the medium-to-long term.

Current status Goal

Asian electric

electric power companies Asian electric

electric cpower companies

Competition

Product sales Product sales

Emerging

manufacturer

Japanese

manufacturer

Emerging

manufacturer

Japanese

manufacturer

Japanese

utility

Provision of a streamlined

service including maintenance

Product sales

8

Table 1.2.1-1 Technologies owned by our company and the other electric power

company and their performances Sumitomo Electric Japanese electric power utility

Owned resources

High quality product group - High quality transmission lines (cable, overhead power transmission lines)

- Transmission line monitoring sensors - Network system (transmission devices)

Know-how on power transmission facilities - Power transmission facility design technology - Power transmission facility O&M technology - Power transmission facility renewal technology

Efforts for overseas business so far

- We are deploying electric wire business worldwide including Asia / Europe / North America. We have sales / construction bases in various places of the world.

- We are promoting business deployment integrating “Energy” and “ICT” making full use of Sumitomo Electric’s comprehensive capabilities.

- They are utilizing their proprietary technologies related to design / construction / O&M / renewal of power transmission facilities, and promoting deployment of power transmission / transformation consulting business in the Asian region.

- They have proactively deployed overseas power transmission / distribution business such as participation in the European submarine transmission line business.

1.3 Selection of eligible countries in the investigation

The eligible countries in the investigation are selected among those that meet the following

criteria, 1 and 2:

1. A country that has the formation of power transmission line networks mature to a certain extent,

a high-level consciousness about power transmission quality improvement and financial

potential for further facility investment

2. A country that has already had connection (e.g. delivery record, technical cooperation, local

business office, etc.) with Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd as a main relationship: a region

where Japan is superior to distant European power-cable manufacturers and a restricted Asian

country where the relationship is so deep that site investigation can be smoothly further carried

out

According to the above selection method, these following three countries were chosen to be

investigated:

Target Countries: Hong Kong, Macau, and Thailand

Targeting the above 3 countries with high possibility to meet the investigation objective, we

are anticipating that speedily and certainly launching this business model will be considered

and that such a model will be laterally applied to each neighboring country afterward.

9

Chapter 2 Organization of Basic Information 2.1 Basic Information and Power Circumstances in the Target Countries 2.1.1 Basic Information and Power Circumstances in Hong Kong (1) Basic information on Hong Kong

Hong Kong is a special administrative district of the People’s Republic of China and is located

in the southern part of the People’s Republic of China. Macau, which is also a special administrative

district, is located about 70 km southwest of Hong Kong. Hong Kong consists of Hong Kong Island,

Kowloon Peninsula, New Territories and more than 235 islands floating in the surrounding area, and

the area is 1,104 km2 (about 1/400 of Japan), about twice that of Tokyo 23 wards. About 7 million

people live in this area, and it is one of the world’s most densely populated areas.

There are two electric power companies in Hong Kong including CLP Power, Ltd. (hereinafter

referred to as “CLPP”) that supplies power to the Kowloon Peninsula, the New Territories, Lantau

Island, etc., and Hongkong Electric Company (hereinafter referred to as “HKE”) that supplies

electricity to Hong Kong Island, Lamma Island. The target of this survey is HKE. (See Figure

2.1.1-1)

Figure 2.1.1-1 Electric power companies’ areas in Hong Kong (quoted from the data of HKE)

(2) Power circumstances in Hong Kong

The outline of HKE is shown in Table 2.1.1-1. It is a major operating company of the Hong

Kong investment company HK Electric Investment and is operated under the “control agreement”

made with the Hong Kong Special Administrative District Government. It is a vertically integrated

electric power company that is responsible for generation, transmission / distribution, and supply of

electric power to Hong Kong Island, Lamma Islands, etc. It is an old company established in 1889,

and has approximately 1,800 employees (about 60% of which are technical staff).

10

Table 2.1.1-1 Outline of HKE

Item Details

Areas of Hong Kong Island, Lama Island 75 km2, 13 km2 (Japan: 378 thousand km2)

Daytime / nighttime population 2.5 million people / 1.3 million people (Japan:

approximately 126 million people)

Number of houses supplied with power Approximately 575 thousand houses

Maximum demand power 2,428 MW (about 1/30 of TEPCO)

Power generation facilities 3,737 MW (Lamma Power Station)

Power transformation facilities 3,899 places (27 base substations)

Transmission lines 6,289 km (mostly cables)

Voltage classes

275 kV, 132 kV, (66 kV): Transmission line

33 kV: Distribution line for subways, etc.

22 / 11 kV: Large scale customer distribution line

380 V: Small scale customer distribution line

220 V: General household distribution line

Power outage time per building 1.5 minutes per building

Transmission line loss rate 3.77% (2008)

Figure 2.1.1-2 Electric power system of HKE (quoted from the data of HKE)

Interconnecting lines with CLPP

132 kV system

275 kV system

Lamma Power Station

11

The electric power system of HKE consists of 275 kV / 22 kV / 11 kV and 132 kV / 22 kV / 11 kV.

The outline is shown in Figure 2.1.1-2. The power source of HKE is the Lamma Power Station only,

and HKE and CLPP are interconnected by 132 kV transmission lines.

Figure 2.1.1-3 Voltage classes of HKE

The voltage classes of HKE are shown in Figure 2.1.1-3. Voltage classes are divided into 275 kV,

132 kV, 33 kV, 22 kV, 11 kV, 380 V, and 220 V, and the power is supplied at 33 kV for subways, etc.

and at 22 / 11 kV for large scale customers. Most of the transmission / distribution lines are covered

by cables except for some sections.

Lamma Power Station

Ultrahigh voltage substation

Primary substation

Distribution substation Substation for subways, etc. Customer substation

(large scale)

Customer substation (small scale)

Customer

12

2.1.2 Basic Information and Power Circumstances in Macau (1) Basic information on Macau

Figure 2.1.2-1 Overview of Macau (quoted from the data of CEM)

Macau is located in the lowest basin of the “Pearl River” in Guangdong province, the People’s

Republic of China, 70 km southwest of Hong Kong. It is adjacent to Zhuhai, the People’s Republic

of China, and composed of Macau Peninsula, which is located on the southern coast of Mainland

China, and adjacent islands. This island was originally composed of two islands “Taipa Island” and

“Coloane Island,” but the area between the islands was reclaimed, which is called Cotai, and now the

whole is like one island. Currently, there are three bridges between the Macau Peninsula and the

former Taipa Island. Power supply in Macau is conducted only by Companhia de Electricidade de

Macau (hereinafter referred to as “CEM”). (See Figure 2.1.2-1)

(2) Power circumstances in Macau The outline of CEM is shown in Table 2.1.2-1, and the electric power system is shown in Figure

2.1.2-2. CEM is a vertically integrated electric power company that is conducting power generation,

transmission (220 kV, 110 kV, 66 kV), distribution (11 kV, 400 V, 230 V), and retail in the Macau

special administrative district. The company has a power generation capacity of 472 MW at the

Coloane Power Station. In FY2016, 81.9% of the electricity demanded in Macau is supplied from

Mainland China, and the supply from the Coloane Power Station is around 15%. In the Cotai area,

the rush of hotel construction for casino continues, and the growth of electric power sales has been

around 5% in recent years.

Macau

Taipa Island

Cotai (reclaimed land)

Coloane Island

Macau Airport

Bridge

Bridge

Bridge

13

Table 2.1.2-1 Outline of CEM

Item Details

Area of Macau 30.4 km2 (Japan: 378 thousand km2)

Population 644,900 people (Japan: approximately 126 million

people)

Number of houses supplied

with power Approximately 253 thousand houses

Maximum demand power 932 MW (2016) (about 1/60 of TEPCO)

Number of employees 682 (-5% compared with 2007)

Power generation facilities 472 MW (Coloane Power Station)

Power transformation

facilities 22 base substations

Cable length

(1,841 km)

220 / 110 / 66 kV: 293 km

11 kV: 706 km

400 / 230 V: 842 km

Supply voltage (50 Hz) 220 kV, 110 kV, 66 kV: Transmission line

11 kV, 400 V, 230 V: Distribution line

Transmission line loss rate 3.0% (2016)

Figure 2.1.2-2 Electric power system of CEM (quoted from the data of CEM)

Interconnecting lines with China

Interconnecting lines with China

14

Figure 2.1.2-3 Voltage classes of CEM

The voltage classes of CEM are shown in Figure 2.1.2-3. Voltage classes are divided into 220

kV, 110 kV, 66 kV, 11 kV, 400 V, and 230 V. Transmission / distribution lines are totally covered by

cables.

Ultrahigh voltage substation

Primary substation

Distribution substation

Customer

Coloane Power Station

Secondary substation

Customer substation

15

2.1.3 Basic Information and Power Circumstances in Thailand (1) Basic information on Thailand (Bangkok)

The Kingdom of Thailand is a monarchical state located in Southeast Asia, it is also a member

country of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). The capital city is Bangkok.

(2) Power circumstances in Thailand (Bangkok) The power supply system in Thailand is shown in Figure 2.1.3-1. The Electric Generating

Authority of Thailand (hereinafter referred to as “EGAT”) under the Ministry of Energy manages the

230 kV main transmission lines from the power station to the terminal substation, the Metropolitan

Electricity Authority of Thailand (hereinafter referred to as “MEA”) under the Ministry of Interior is

responsible for supplying electric power to the Bangkok metropolitan area and neighboring areas,

and the Provincial Electricity Authority of Thailand (hereinafter referred to as “PEA”) under the

Ministry of Interior is responsible for supplying electric power to areas other than the metropolitan

area. The subject of this survey is MEA. The outline of MEA is shown in Table 2.1.3-1.

Figure 2.1.3-1 Power supply system in Thailand

Table 2.1.3-1 Outline of MEA

Item Details

Area of the Kingdom of Thailand Approximately 513,000 km2 (Japan: approximately 378,000 km2)

Total population of the Kingdom of

Thailand

Approximately 66 million people (Japan: approximately 126 million

people)

Population within the jurisdiction of

MEA Approximately 8.2 million people

Amount of electricity sold 51,413 GWh

Maximum demand power 9,296 MW (about 1/6 of TEPCO)

Terminal substation

(EGAT connection point) 17 substations + 1 switchgear / 19,534 MVA

Distribution substation 134 places / 18, 485 MVA

Transmission line

230 kV: 58 km line

115 kV: 830 km line

69 kV: 902 km line

Distribution line 24 kV / 12 kV: 18,423 km line

380 V / 220 V: 29,277 km line

Transmission loss rate 3.32%

Ministry of Energy Electric Generating Authority of Thailand

Supplying electric power to the Metropolitan Electricity Authority (MEA), the Provincial Electricity Authority (PEA), and large scale customers by generating electric power in its own company and purchasing electric power from IPP and neighboring countries.

Ministry of Interior Metropolitan Electricity Authority of Thailand

Conducting distribution and retail business in the metropolitan area.

Provincial Electricity Authority of Thailand

Conducting distribution and retail business in areas other than the metropolitan area.

Power system configuration of MEA

Power station

Main trans-mission line

Terminal substa-

tion

Trans- mission line

Power station

High-voltage distribution line

On-pole trans-former

Low-voltage distribution line

Customer Customer Customer

16

2.2 Power Circumstances in Neighboring Countries The power circumstances in major Asian countries other than Hong Kong, Macau and Thailand

are as follows.

Singapore: The Energy Market Authority (EMA) is in charge of administration related to the electric

power business. Under the regulation of this authority, there are 14 power generation sectors, 1

power transmission / distribution sector and 9 power retail sectors, and the electricity liberalization

has been fully started in 2018. Regarding power generation, in the past, oil-fired thermal power

generation accounted for 100% of the domestic power generation facilities, but now, most of them

are occupied by thermal power generation utilizing natural liquefied gas (LNG), the rest are covered

by oil-fired thermal power generation, renewable energy, etc. Both the amount of electricity

generated and the amount of sold electricity tend to increase year by year due to the expansion of

production in the manufacturing industry and the growth of the tourism industry accompanied by the

opening of casinos. The power transmission / distribution facilities consist of power transmission

facilities of 400 kV, 230 kV, and 66 kV and distribution facilities of 22 kV, 6.6 kV, and 400 V, and all

the transmission lines and most of the distribution lines are placed underground. With the rapid

increase in electricity demand recently, an ultrahigh-voltage CV underground network is under

construction.

Malaysia: Administrative offices involved in the electric power business differ depending on the

region, the Energy Commission (EC) is in charge of Peninsular Malaysia and Sabah in East

Malaysia, and the Sarawak state government is in charge of Sarawak in East Malaysia. For each of

the above areas, electric utilities (Peninsular Malaysia: Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB), Sabah:

Sabah Electricity Sdn. Bhd. (SESB), Sarawak: Sarawak Electricity Supply Corporation (SESCO))

are developing the power generation, transmission and distribution business. Both the amount of

electricity generated and the amount of electricity sold tend to be increasing year by year, and the

amount of electricity sold in Peninsular Malaysia (within the jurisdiction of TNB) occupies more

than 90% of the total. Regarding power transmission / distribution facilities, the power transmission

facilities in Peninsular Malaysia consist of 500 kV, 275 kV, and 132 kV, and a 275 kV system

circling the peninsula is maintained. The power transmission facilities in Sabah consist of 275 kV,

132 kV, and 66 kV, and the transmission facilities in Sarawak consist of 275 kV and 132 kV. The

power distribution facilities consist of medium voltage (33 kV, 22 kV, 11 kV, and 6.6 kV) and low

voltage (415 V and 240 V).

Indonesia: The Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM; Kementerian Energi dan Sumber

Daya Mineral) is in charge of administration related to electric power business. The state-owned

electric power company (PLN; Perusahaan Listrik Negara) is developing the power distribution

business. Both the amount of electricity supplied and the amount of electricity sold tend to increase

year by year, and Java / Bali region occupies over 70%. Regarding transmission / distribution

facilities, the power transmission facilities of 500 kV, 275 kV, 150 kV, 70 kV, and 500 kV are only

for Java / Bali region, 275 kV and 150 kV are only for the main islands (Java, Sumatra, Sulawesi,

and Kalimantan islands), and in the other islands, power is supplied through 70 kV distribution lines.

Since the main power supply of the Java / Bali system is unevenly distributed in the east and the

west, two 500 kV main transmission lines connecting the east and the west are placed in the north

and south. For Sumatra Island, a plan to introduce a 500 kV system in the future and an

interconnection plan with Java via 500 kV DC transmission lines are formulated. Also,

interconnection plans with Malaysia, which includes international interconnecting transmission lines

connecting West Kalimantan and Sarawak in Eastern Malaysia, and international DC interconnecting

lines connecting Riau in Sumatra Island and Malacca in Peninsular Malaysia, are formulated.

The distribution facilities consist of medium voltage (20 kV) and low voltage (380 V and 220 V).

Myanmar: The Ministry of Electricity and Energy (MOEE) is in charge of administration related to

electric power business. As for the electric power business structure, Electric Power Generation

Enterprise (EPGE) is in charge of the power generation business, the Department of Hydropower

17

Implementation (DHPI) is in charge of the design and construction of hydropower stations, and the

Department of Power Transmission & System Control (DPTSC) is in charge of the construction and

operation of power transmission, power supply, and system operation. Yangon Electricity Supply

Corporation (YESC) (for Yangon District), Mandalay Electricity Supply Corporation (MESC) (for

Mandalay District), and Electricity Supply Enterprise (ESE) (for other than Yangon and Mandalay

Districts), each of which is under the MOEE jurisdiction, are in charge of construction and operation

of a distribution system of 33 kV or less and substations of 66 kV / 33 kV in the system, charge

collection and other retailing business. Both the amount of electricity supplied and the amount of

electricity sold tend to increase year by year, and Yangon occupies about half. The power

transmission / distribution facilities consist of power transmission facilities of 500 kV, 230 kV, 132

kV, and 66 kV and distribution facilities of 33 kV, 11 kV, and 6.6 kV.

In addition, in Cambodia, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh, it is considered that there is a need for

reinforcement of underground substations and transmission / distribution facilities due to the rapid

increase in electricity demand due to urbanization.

18

Chapter 3 Proposals of O&M Technical Cooperation and Power

Transmission Facility Design

3.1 Needs and Business Issues in Hong Kong

3.1.1 Needs in Hong Kong Table 3.1.1-1 shows the needs and issues related to the facilities of HKE.

Table 3.1.1-1 Needs and issues related to the facilities of HKE

Item Needs / Issues

(A) Renewal of aged submarine OF cables

The aging of the 275 kV submarine OF cables is

progressing, and renewal measures concerning these

are considered to be the most important issue.

(B) Measures to improve the reliability of

important lines

Measures to improve the reliability of the 132 kV

transmission lines, which are important lines, are

under consideration.

(C) Renewal of embedded cables in the

city

Regarding the renewal method of the direct

embedded cables under the road in an overpopulated

area, a construction method without hindering traffic

is required.

(A) Renewal of aged submarine cables

The aging of the submarine OF cables is progressing, and how to renew these is the most important

issue of HKE. As for the renewal method, (a) a method of laying submarine cables as in the current

method, and (b) a method of constructing a submarine tunnel and laying cables in it are conceivable.

However, with regard to (a), there is a possibility of cable damage due to anchor of a ship because

there are a lot of vessel navigation in the area in question, and HKE recognizes the problem in terms

of reliability. With regard to (b), since the construction cost will be high, design and construction

which can minimize the cost are necessary.

(B) Measures to improve the reliability of important lines High reliability is required for one of the important lines in Hong Kong Island, and for example,

installing a continuous monitoring system by partial discharge measurement (hereinafter referred to

as “PD measurement”) of cables is under consideration. However, since installation and maintenance

of the continuous monitoring system will be expensive, rational countermeasures taking into

consideration reliability and cost are necessary.

(C) Renewal of embedded cables in the city

The northern part of Hong Kong Island is an overpopulated area and has many traffic vehicles. Also,

a lot of water and gas pipelines including power cables are embedded under the road.

Therefore, there is a need for a method to rationally renew underground embedded objects which are

congested without interfering with traffic vehicles.

19


Facility Design to HKE Table 3.1.2-1 shows proposals of O&M technical cooperation and power transmission facility design

to HKE.

Table 3.1.2-1 Proposals of O&M technical cooperation and power transmission facility design

to HKE

Needs / Issues Proposals of O&M technical cooperation / power

transmission facility design

(A) Renewal of aged submarine OF

cables

<Lifetime diagnosis>

(1) Diagnosis of lifetime by insulation oil gas analysis

(2) Diagnosis of lifetime by insulation paper

polymerization degree analysis

<Renewal method>

(3) Formulation of cable renewal by asset management

(4) Proposal of tunnel-type cable lines

<O&M method>

(5) Proposal of tunnel monitoring system

(B) Measures to improve the

reliability of important lines

<O&M method>

(1) Continuous monitoring of lines by PD measurement

(C) Renewal of embedded cables in

the city


(1) Diagnosis of lifetime by cable sampling

<Renewal method>

(2) Formulation of annual renewal by asset management

(3) Proposal of construction method which can be

implemented in narrow area


(A) Renewal of aged submarine OF cables


For diagnosis of lifetime of the aged submarine OF cables, it is conceivable to propose “(1)

Diagnosis of lifetime by insulation oil gas analysis” and “(2) Diagnosis of lifetime by insulation

paper polymerization degree analysis” which are widely applied in diagnosis of lifetime of OF

cables.

With regard to (1), residual gas of the insulation oil in the submarine cables is to be analyzed.

As for its diagnostic index, it is conceivable to apply the index for OF cables. (See Figure 3.1.2-1)

Figure 3.1.2-1 Abnormality determination index for insulation oil gas analysis of OF cables

(quoted from the Electric Cooperative Research Vol. 70, No. 1)

With regard to (2), it is conceivable to collect the insulation paper in the cable, analyze its degree of

polymerization, and evaluate the cable life according to the degree of decrease from the initial value.

Rank A Renovated promptly

Am

ou

nt

of

ace

tyle

ne

ga

s (

pp

m)

Rank D Re-inspected after

3 years

Rank C Re-inspected

after 1 year

Rank B

Total amount of combustible gas (ppm)

20

<Renewal method> As a renewal method of the aged cables, “(3) Formulation of cable renewal by asset

management” and “(4) Proposal of tunnel-type cable lines” are conceivable.

With regard to (3), it is conceivable to propose an optimum cable renewal timing in consideration of

the cost of cable maintenance, the cost of restoration at the time of cable dielectric breakdown, and

the cost of cable renewal, after sampling the aged cable to obtain its lifespan.

With regard to (4), it is conceivable to implement the minimum design of the tunnel cross section to

suppress the tunnel construction cost which can be expensive. Specifically, it is necessary to

calculate the necessary minimum inner diameter of the tunnel in consideration of securing the

transmission capacity, workability and maintainability.

<O&M method> When the submarine cable is updated to a tunnel type, “(5) Proposal of tunnel monitoring system” is

conceivable. In more detail, a proposal of a monitoring system using various sensors for rationally

maintaining the cables and tunnel is conceivable.

(B) Measures to improve the reliability of important lines (O&M method) As measures to improve the reliability of important lines, “(1) Continuous monitoring of lines

by PD measurement” is conceivable. In this case, reduction of noise that causes deterioration of

measurement accuracy is an effective means, and a proposal of an inexpensive PD measuring

apparatus to which various noise reduction methods are applied is conceivable. (See Figure 3.1.2-5)


<Lifetime diagnosis> In formulating a cable renewal plan, it is conceivable to propose “(1) Diagnosis of lifetime by

cable sampling” in order to evaluate the cable remaining life.

A part of the aged cable is sampled from the existing line and the dielectric breakdown test by the

commercial frequency voltage is carried out. Based on the test results, the relationship between the

dielectric breakdown voltage and the age of the cable can be obtained, so that it is possible to

estimate the usable period of the cable according to it. If the usable period is obtained, it is possible

to formulate a cable renewal plan based on it.

<Renewal method>

As a renewal method, “(2) Formulation of annual renewal by asset management,” “(3) Proposal of

construction method which can be implemented in narrow areas,” and “(4) Proposal of tunnel-type

cable lines” are conceivable.

With regard to (2), see 3.1.2 (A) (3).

With regard to (3), for example, in Hong Kong Island, infrastructure facilities (power cable, water

pipe, gas pipe, etc.) occupy the underground of the road, and when it is necessary to renew the entire

facilities, large-scale road excavation work is required to remove the entire properties, so they are

often left behind. Therefore it is necessary to conduct cable construction in the place where new,

existing or remaining cables are congested. Therefore, it is conceivable to propose methods such as

an identification method to prevent electric shocks by disconnecting charging cables, and a rational

construction method in narrow areas.

With regard to (4), in order to organize these congested cables, a proposal of construction of tunnels

that can accommodate these cables under the arterial roads is conceivable. In Japan, the Ministry of

Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism has constructed “multipurpose utility tunnels” that can

accommodate public embedded objects in major cities such as Tokyo, Osaka, and Nagoya, so

information on it is available.

21

3.1.3 Business Issues (A) Renewal of aged submarine OF cables

<Lifetime diagnosis> With regard to “(1) Diagnosis of lifetime by insulation oil gas analysis,” we have knowledge

about the index of deterioration diagnosis for OF cables but no information concerning submarine

cables. Therefore, it is necessary to confirm knowledge of domestic and overseas organizations

(CIGRE, the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, etc.) in order to consider the applicability of

knowledge on OF cables to submarine cable diagnosis.

With regard to “(2) Diagnosis of lifetime by insulation paper polymerization degree analysis,” a

method of evaluating with desk study without sampling the insulation paper from the submarine

cables and a method by sampling are conceivable. With regard to the former, it is possible to

diagnose the cable life by utilizing the relationship between the rate of decrease in the degree of

polymerization of the insulating paper and the amount of gas in order to estimate the amount of

decrease in the degree of polymerization over time. In this case, it is necessary to evaluate the

temporal transition of the submarine cable conductor temperature in order to estimate the amount of

generated gas depending on the operating years. For this purpose, it is necessary to grasp the

operation record of the submarine cable. (See Fig. 3.1.3-1.) For the latter, it is necessary to sample

the insulation paper from the actual facility, so consideration of concrete methods is required.

Fig. 3.1.3-1 Relationship between the amount of generated gas and the operating years (quoted

from the Technical Report No. 858 of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan)

(CO

+ C

O2

) d

ete

cte

d a

mo

un

t (p

pm

) Conductor temperature

Operating years (years)

Po

lym

eri

za

tio

n d

eg

ree r

ete

ntio

n r

ate

(%

)

Craft + mineral oil

Craft + synthetic oil Approximate line (all data)

generated amount (ml/g)

22

<Renewal method> With regard to “(3) Formulation of cable renewal by asset management,” it is necessary to

secure a sufficient quantity of cable dielectric breakdown test data to obtain the cable life that can be

subjected to statistical processing, and in order to evaluate the timing of renewal at which the cost

can be minimized, information on costs for cable maintenance, renewal, and restoration at the

occurrence of an accident is required.

With regard to “(4) Proposal of tunnel-type cable lines,” it is necessary to minimize the tunnel

inner diameter in order to suppress the construction cost. In that case, the final tunnel inner diameter

should be determined according to the minimum inner diameter determined based on the cable

transmission capacity and the minimum inner diameter in consideration of the space required for

cable installation, connection section assembly, restoration in case of failure, etc. as shown in Figure

3.1.3-2. In addition, as design specifications for obtaining the cable transmission capacity, it is

necessary to grasp the soil thermal resistance, soil temperature, etc. in the tunnel embedding route.

<O&M method>

With regard to “(5) Proposal of tunnel monitoring system,” it is necessary to grasp essential

monitoring items related to the tunnel and cables, and to design a monitoring system superior in

reliability and maintainability.

(B) Measures to improve the reliability of important lines (O&M method)

With respect to “(1) Continuous monitoring of lines by PD measurement,” in order to conduct

rational PD measurement, it is necessary to grasp the local noise level, which is a factor of lowering

the PD signal level, and to grasp the frequency band excellent in measurement sensitivity in the field.

Moreover, it is thought that it is necessary to develop an inexpensive PD detection sensor and to

establish a measurement system, aiming at cost reduction of the system.


<Lifetime diagnosis> With regard to “(1) Diagnosis of lifetime by cable sampling,” it is necessary to determine

essential sampling items of cables required for evaluation (considering installation place such as dry

land, wetlands, and age, number of sampling, etc.). In addition, it is necessary to actually carry out

cable sampling and dielectric breakdown tests so as to evaluate the cable lifetime based on statistical

processing, etc. using those test data.

<Renewal method>

With regard to “(2) Formulation of annual renewal by asset management,” see 3.1.3 (A) (3).

With regard to “(3) Proposal of construction method which can be implemented in narrow areas,” it

is necessary to consider highly accurate and inexpensive live-cable identification methods so as not

to erroneously cut live cables. In addition, it is necessary to grasp the maximum cable length that can

be transported on a vehicle to narrow areas, and to consider compact laying yards.

With regard to “(4) Proposal of tunnel-type cable lines,” it is necessary to determine the number

of housing of existing cables and to determine the tunnel route, and since large-scale civil

engineering works under the road are necessary, there are various issues such as coordination with

relevant government offices.

23

3.2 Needs and Business Issues in Macau

3.2.1 Needs in Macau Table 3.2.1-1 shows the needs and issues related to the facilities of CEM.

Table 3.2.1-1 Needs and issues related to the facilities of CEM

Item Needs / Issues

(A) Measures to prevent dielectric

breakdown of cables

A rational diagnostic method for perceiving

beforehand dielectric breakdown due to the

deterioration of cables and the initial failure, etc.,

and establishment of cable replacement criteria

based on the diagnosis result are required.

(B) Renewal of embedded cables in the city

It is required to rationally implement cable

construction in a place where the objects

embedded under the road are congested.

(A) Measures to prevent cable accidents

Cables within the jurisdiction of CEM are all CV cables. In recent years, dielectric breakdown

accidents occur frequently due to the initial failure of the cable, and cable replacement is required.

Therefore, it is necessary to grasp the degree of insulation performance of the cable in order to

replace the cable. For that purpose, considering a method to rationally diagnose the insulation

performance of the cable, and establishing the criteria for deciding the order of cable replacement

based on diagnostic results are regarded as issues.


Unlike in Japan, cables within the jurisdiction of CEM are directly embedded under the road as

described above (3.1.1). For this reason, they are embedded under the road along with infrastructure

facilities such as water and gas pipes. Therefore, implementing rational construction in a place where

other embedded objects under the road are congested is regarded as an issue.

24


Facility Design to CEM Table 3.2.2-1 shows proposals of O&M technical cooperation and power transmission facility

design to CEM.


to CEM

Needs / Issues Proposals of O&M technical cooperation / power


(A) Measures to prevent dielectric

breakdown of cables


(1) Continuous monitoring of lines by PD measurement


<Renewal method>

(3) Formulation of cable renewal by asset management


(B) Renewal of embedded cables in

the city



<Renewal method>


(3) Proposal of construction method which can be

implemented in narrow areas


(A) Measures to prevent dielectric breakdown of cables

<Lifetime diagnosis> See 3.1.2 (B) (1) with regard to “(1) Continuous monitoring of lines by PD measurement,” and

3.1.2 (C) (1) with regard to “(2) Diagnosis of lifetime by cable sampling.”

<Renewal method>

See 3.1.2 (A) (3) with regard to “(3) Formulation of cable renewal by asset management,” and

3.1.2 (A) (4) or 3.1.2 (C) (4) with regard to “(4) Proposal of tunnel-type cable lines.”


<Lifetime diagnosis> See 3.1.2 (C) (1) with regard to “(1) Diagnosis of lifetime by cable sampling.”

<Renewal method>

See 3.1.2 (A) (3) with regard to “(2) Formulation of annual renewal by asset management,” 3.1.2 (C)

(3) with regard to “(3) Proposal of construction method that can be implemented in a narrow areas,”

and 3.1.2 (A) (4) or 3.1.2 (C) (4) with regard to “(4) Proposal of tunnel-type cable lines.”

3.2.3 Business Issues See 3.1.3 with regard to the business issues related to this case.

25

3.3 Needs and Business Issues in Thailand

3.3.1 Needs in Thailand Table 3.3.1-1 shows the needs and issues related to the facilities of MEA.

Table 3.3.1-1 Needs and issues related to the facilities of MEA

Item Needs / Issues

(A) Maintenance and renewal of aged

230 kV OF cables

Oil leakage is occurring at the connection section of the

230 kV OF cable installed in the tunnel, and its

countermeasure is regarded as the most important issue.

At the same time, renewal of the aged OF cables, update

to CV cables is under consideration.

(B) Consideration on cable completion

inspection methods

After the construction of the cable lines, it is necessary

to conduct the cable completion inspection by the

charging test, but the method of charging the

long-distance cable lines is under consideration.

(A) Maintenance and renewal of aged 230 kV OF cables

Oil leakage is occurring at the connection section of the 230 kV OF cable installed in the tunnel

whose construction completed less than 10 years ago, so MEA is considering its countermeasures

and aiming for countermeasures by itself. Figure 3.3.1-1 shows an example case of oil leakage from

an OF cable.

There are also discussions about how to diagnose lifetime of aged 230 kV OF cables and

whether to deal with renewal of these cables using “OF cables” or “CV cables” which is the current

mainstream.

(B) Consideration on cable completion inspection methods

Before starting operation of the cable line, a charging test is carried out as a completion

inspection to confirm its soundness. Here, with regard to the long-distance cable in a high voltage

class such as 230 kV, since the cable charging current becomes large, the scale of the charging test

apparatus becomes large. In the past, testing was carried out using commercial frequency charging

test apparatus in Japan, but due to recent improvements in manufacturing technology of Japanese

cables and on-site assembling technology of their connection sections, it has shifted to charging test

by system voltage.

Even in Thailand, it is necessary to carry out an electricity charging test before starting

operation of the cable, but it is not permitted to apply system voltage as in Japan, and in the case of

long-distance line, a charging test by “DC voltage” is carried out. However, as it is globally

recognized that charging of cables by DC voltage may “give bad influence to cables,” MEA is

considering the method of charging test on high-voltage long-distance cable lines.

26


Facility Design to MEA Table 3.3.2-1 shows proposals of O&M technical cooperation and power transmission facility

design to MEA.


to MEA

Item Needs / Issues

(A) Maintenance and renewal of aged

230 kV OF cables

<O&M method>

(1) Countermeasures for oil leakage from aged OF

cables

(2) Improvement of the maintenance ability for aged OF

cables


(3) Diagnosis by PD measurement of aged OF cables

<Renewal method>


(5) Proposal for update to CV cables

(B) Consideration on cable completion

inspection methods

(1) Proposal of cable charging test using various

waveforms

(A) Maintenance and renewal of aged 230 kV OF cables

<O&M method> With regard to “(1) Countermeasures for oil leakage from aged OF cables” and “(2)

Improvement of the maintenance ability for aged OF cables,” it is conceivable to implement training

related to this case for MEA staff with making use of OF cable maintenance experience in Japan.


See 3.1.2 (B) (1) with regard to “(3) Diagnosis by PD measurement of aged OF cables.”

<Renewal method> See 3.1.2 (A) (3) with regard to “(4) Formulation of annual renewal by asset management.”

With regard to “(5) Proposal for update to CV cables,” and the trend of the world is also shifting to

the CV cable, so a proposal for update to CV cables is conceivable.

(B) Consideration on cable completion inspection methods

With regard to “(1) Proposal of cable charging test using various waveforms,” Japanese electric

power utility has experience of the completion inspection by charging test on the 275 kV CV cable

line. It developed a cable charging device (60 Hz) as shown in Figure 3.3.2-4, and implemented

completion inspection including PD measurement at the cable connection section. Therefore, it is

conceivable to propose a cable completion inspection method for MEA by taking advantage of these

experiences.

27

(a) Cable charging device (b) PD measuring apparatus

(c) Test circuit

Figure 3.3.2-1 Outline of cable completion inspection

3.3.3 Business Issues (A) Maintenance and renewal of aged 230 kV OF cables

<O&M method>

With regard to “(1) Countermeasures for oil leakage from aged OF cables” and “(2)

Improvement of the maintenance ability for aged OF cables,” example cases are listed in Table

3.3.2-2 in 3.3.2 (A),

<Lifetime diagnosis> See 3.1.2 (B) (1) with regard to “(3) Diagnosis by PD measurement of aging OF cable.”

<Renewal method>

See 3.1.2 (A) (3) with regard to “(4) Formulation of annual renewal by asset management.” See

3.1.3 (A) (4) with regard to “(5) Proposal for update to CV cables.”

(B) Consideration on cable completion inspection methods With regard to “(1) Proposal of cable charging test using various waveforms,” there are issues

shown in Table 3.3.3-1.

Table 3.3.3-1 Issues in cable charging test using various waveforms

Test method Issues

Charging test using commercial

frequency voltage

- Possibility of securing the test power source

- Measures to reduce cable charging current for long-distance

cables

275 kV cable

Cable electrostatic capacity

Test trans- former

(500 kVA)

Variable reactor

Cable compensa-tion reactor

(installed inside the substation)

28

With regard to “Charging test using commercial frequency voltage,” the possibility of securing

the test power source from the neighboring substation and implementation of appropriate relay

settlement such that the influence of cable dielectric breakdown during the test does not spread to the

said substation are regarded as issues. In addition, as measures to reduce the cable charging current,

it is generally required to insert a reactor in parallel with the line. Japanese electric power utility uses

a compensation reactor device installed on the busbar of the substation, but in Thailand, securing

compensation capacity, such as whether a compensation reactor is installed, for example is regarded

as an issue.

3.4 Business Deployment to Neighboring Countries With regard to power transmission facilities in Asian countries, a trend of shifting from

overhead electric cables to underground cables can be seen in many areas due to the increase in

electricity demand and urbanization, and there are many facilities similar to Hong Kong, Macau and

Thailand which are the targets of this survey. For this reason, it can be considered that the same

issues as the needs and issues of the three regions obtained in this survey are potentially present in

other Asian countries, and it is assumed that horizontally deploying the achievements of the

commercialization scheme of power transmission infrastructure solutions by this project to Asian

countries will lead to business expansion of Japanese companies in the Asian region.

Specific business proposals for Asian countries are as follows.

- Singapore: In line with the rapid increase in electricity demand, construction of an

ultrahigh-voltage underground CV cable network is in progress. O&M has always aroused high

interest and has already been conducted, so it is difficult to dig up new needs.

- Malaysia: The underground CV cables are directly embedded, and we believe that the proposal of

utilizing tunnels regarding new construction projects is effective to deploy O&M for stable supply.

It is also assumed that O&M needs for stable supply of submarine cables will emerge in the future.

- Indonesia: It is assumed that O&M needs will emerge from the viewpoint of stable supply in the

introduction of 500 kV lines.

- Myanmar: It is assumed that O&M needs will emerge from the viewpoint of stable supply

in the construction of 66 kV / 230 kV underground CV cable networks in line with the

progress of urban development in Yangon District.

- Overall: Considering preceding cases in Hong Kong, it is conceivable that in order to construct an

underground CV cable network which can flexibly support the increase in demand, not the “direct

embedding method,” which requires digging up at the time of trouble occurrence or cable

expansion, but the “tunnel installation method” is preferable, so we believe that it is effective to

promote the tunnel installation proposal / design consultation at the time of newly designing in

addition to the O&M proposal regarding existing facilities.

We plan to horizontally deploy these transmission infrastructure solutions not only in the Asian

region but also in the Middle East countries that have transmission facilities similar to those in the

Asian region and have plenty of capital investment deriving from oil money.

3.5 Assumed Business The scales of business assuming the horizontal deployment of power transmission infrastructure

solutions to each country are shown below.

- Maintenance contract contributing to long-term efficient utilization of existing power transmission

facilities (hundreds of millions of yen per year)

- Detailed design contract of power transmission facilities regarding plans for new installation of

power transmission facilities (estimated at hundreds of millions of yen per year)

- Delivery of electric wires (overhead power transmission lines / cables) accompanied with plans for

renewal / new installation of power transmission facilities (billions of yen per year)

29

3.6 Environmental Improvement Effect It is conceivable that improvement of power transmission efficiency can be expected according

to introduction of cooling technology (reduction of conductor resistance) by passing power

transmission lines through the tunnel and adoption of large-capacity cables, and accordingly it is

possible to suppress the amount of power generation, leading to reduction of CO2 caused by power

generation.

Moreover, it is conceivable that by adopting high-quality cables, accessories and introducing an

effective asset management method, long-term efficient utilization of power transmission facilities

becomes possible, and reduction of CO2 caused by manufacturing, transportation, installation, etc.

of cables due to frequent cable replacement can be achieved.

30

Chapter 4 Consideration on Commercialization of This Business

4.1 Consideration on Finance It is possible to manage project finance utilizing JBIC (Japan Bank of International

Cooperation) and NEXI (Nippon Export and Investment Insurance) when launching the

large-scale power transmission infrastructure construction project and forming SPC (Special

Purpose Company) with local companies.

4.2 Prospects for Utilization of Policy Support, etc. As a way of technical cooperation for improvement of O&M technique of power

transmission facilities, it is possible to hold technical seminars at local utilities and conduct

technical training at Japanese training facilities for local engineers by utilizing AOTS

(Association for Overseas Technical cooperation and Sustainable partnership). This enables

to strengthen the relationships with Asian electric power companies, to obtain issues and need

they have and, moreover, to increase possibilities to commercializing Asian power

transmission business.

4.3 Economic Analysis

For power cable business, our country’s cable manufacturers establish their local

factories in the Asian region to necessarily take an advantage of local production for

local consumption in every aspect of transportation costs of heavy-weight products with

large volumes. Therefore, it is anticipated that a business with cost competitive

advantages (transportation cost, labor cost) can be built by using their oversea local

business bases and that at the same time high-quality power transmission infrastructure

solutions following this investigation project can be delivered. For instance, we,

Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. have our own local power cable factories in India

and Indonesia and also intend to maximize the capacity of our factories in Japan further.

4.4 Japan’s Technical Competitiveness on the Equipment, Technology, etc.

Necessary for Commercialization of This Business

Proposals of technical cooperation / power transmission equipment design necessary for

commercialization of this business are listed again in Table 4.4-1.

Table 4.4-1 Contents of proposals of technical cooperation and power transmission facility

design necessary for commercialization of this business (reshown)

Technical item Contents of proposals of technical cooperation and power


(A) Diagnosis of lifetime of OF

cables

Diagnosis of lifetime by insulation oil gas analysis

Diagnosis of lifetime by insulation paper polymerization

degree analysis

(B) General maintenance of OF

cables

Patrol, inspection, repair, renewal, etc. of OF cables

(C) Cable monitoring method Continuous monitoring of lines by PD measurement

(D) Completion inspection

method

Proposal of cable charging test using various waveforms

(E) Diagnosis of lifetime of CV

cables

Diagnosis of lifetime by cable sampling

Formulation of cable renewal by asset management

(F) Facility design / general

construction

Proposal of tunnel-type cable lines

Proposal of tunnel monitoring system

Proposal method which can be implemented in narrow areas

31

(A) Diagnosis of lifetime of OF cables

With regard to usage of OF cables in Japan, since the 66 kV OF cable was adopted in 1928 and

the 154 kV OF cable was adopted in 1958, the OF cable was regarded as the major transmission

cable until the mid-1970s, and it has adoption records of more than 100 years, such as being adopted

for 275 kV and above even since 2000 [1]. Meanwhile, various lifetime diagnoses have been

developed [2], and recently, the support vector machine has been applied to insulation oil gas analysis

of OF cables [3], etc. Also, the results have been reported at the Paris Conference of CIGRE [4].

As described above, the history of the usage of OF cables in Japan is long, development and

application of various lifetime diagnostic technologies related to it have been done, and Japan has

superiority to other countries regarding commercialization of this business.

<References>

[1] Iizuka: “(New edition) Power Cable Technology Handbook,” Denki Shoin (1989)

[2] OF Cable Maintenance Technical Committee: “Maintenance Techniques for OF Cables,” Electric

Technology Research Association, Vol. 55, No. 2 (1999)

[3] Underground Power Transmission Cable Maintenance Technical Committee: “Maintenance

Techniques for Underground Power Transmission Cables,” Electric Technology Research

Association, Vol. 70, No. 1 (2014)

[4] M. Soga et al.: “Improvement of Dissolved Gas Analysis Technique for Oil-Filled Cable

Facilities and Practical Application of Gas Analysis Technique to XLPE Cable Facilities,”

CIGRE 2016 session, paper B1-207 (2016)

(B) General maintenance of OF cables

See 4.5 (A).

(C) Cable monitoring method

With regard to cable diagnosis by PD measurement, as shown in Table 3.3.2-4 in 3.3.2 (2),

Japanese electric power utility has various records, and at TEPCO, PD measurement is conducted as

a part of completion inspection on 500 kV CV cable lines [5] [6]. In addition, at that time, highly

accurate PD test using metal foil electrodes is carried out [7] [8]. Therefore, the cable PD measurement

technology including the system in Japan is high, and Japan has superiority to other countries

regarding commercialization of this business.

<References>

[5] Yonemoto et al.: “500 kV Long-Distance CV Cable LinesTEPCO Shin-Toyosu Line,”

Fujikura Technical Journal, No. 101, pp. 22-26 (2001)

[6] Yonemoto et al.: “Partial Discharging Test for Shin-Toyosu Line 500 kV Long-Distance CV

Cable Lines,” Hitachi Cable, No. 20, pp. 75-80 (2001)

[7] Katsuta et al.: “Development of Live-Line Partial Discharge Detection Method for Ultrahigh

Voltage Long-Distance CV Cable Lines,” IEEJ Transactions on Power and Energy, Vol. 111, No.

11, pp. 1223-1232 (1991)

[8] Goto et al.: “Partial Discharge Detection Method for Long-Distance Electric Cable Lines,” IEEJ

Transactions on Power and Energy, Vol. 121, No. 4, pp. 520-527 (2001)

32

(D) Completion inspection method With regard to the charging test using commercial frequency voltage, see 4.5 (C).

With regard to charging test using VLF, research on its application to CV cable lines for the 77 kV

class is conducted by Japanese electric power utility [9] - [11]. Research on the influence of VLF

charging test on CV cables via GIS is also conducted at Nagoya University [12].

As described above, Japan, which has abundant knowledge of VLF charging test, has

considerable superiority to other countries regarding commercialization of this business.

<References>

[9] Uchida et al.: “Study on Effectiveness of New Field Withstand Voltage Test Method for CV

Cables,” IEEJ Transactions on Power and Energy, Vol. 131, No. 12, pp. 956-961 (1995)

[10] K. Uchida et al.: “Study on Detection for Defects of XLPE Cable Lines,” IEEE Transactions on

Power Delivery, Vol. 11, No. 2 (1996)

[11] Uchida et al.: “Diagnosis of Lifetime of Water-Tree Deteriorated CV Cables by Ultralow

Frequency Withstand Voltage Test,” IEEJ Transactions on Power and Energy, Vol. 120, No. 11,

pp. 1382-1389 (2000)

[12] Saito et al.: “Behavior of Metallic Foreign Materials in GIS and Dielectric Breakdown

Characteristics at Application of 0.1 Hz Very Low Frequency (VLF) AC High Voltage,” IEEJ

Transactions on Power and Energy, Vol. 121, No. 3, pp. 364-370 (2001)

(E) Diagnosis of lifetime of CV cables

With regard to diagnosis of lifetime of CV cable, diagnostic methods focusing on water-tree in

insulation [13] - [15], which is a major deterioration factor of CV cables, have been proposed in Japan

in recent years. For example, the method of accumulating electric charges in a water-tree section and

evaluating the degree of deterioration based on the magnitude of the signal [14] is applied within the

jurisdiction of Japanese electric power utility, and has achieved great results. The results of each of

these methods are reported to CIGRE JWG D1/B1.20 and are summarized in the technical report [16].

As described above, the diagnosis of lifetime of CV cables is an overwhelmingly superior area of

Japan together with the “cable monitoring method” and the “completion inspection method”

aforementioned in this chapter, providing considerable superiority to Japan.

<References> [13] Kumazawa et al.: “Theoretical Consideration on Water-Tree Deterioration Diagnosis Principle

of AC Superimposition Method,” IEEJ Transactions on Power and Energy, Vol. 119, No. 4, pp

491-499 (1999)

[14] Miyajima et al.: “Diagnosis of Water-Tree Deterioration of CV Cables by New Residual

Charge Method,” IEEJ Transactions on Power and Energy, Vol. 125, No. 2, pp 199-205 (2005)

[15] Uchida et al.: “Diagnosis of Lifetime of Water-Tree Deteriorated CV Cables by Ultralow

Frequency Withstand Voltage Test,” IEEJ Transactions on Power and Energy, Vol. 120, No. 11,

pp. 1382-1389 (2000)

[16] CIGRE JWG D1/B1.20: “Non-Destructive Water-Tree Detection in XLPE Cable Insulation,”

CIGRE Technical Brochure 493, April 2012

33

(F) Facility design / general construction Since the CV cable, which is mainly used in Japan, was applied to 66 kV in the latter half of the

1960s, it has become to obtain higher voltage and larger capacity, and recently the operation of 500

kV long-distance CV cable lines started [17] - [19]. In addition, starting from the construction of the

Chita Daini Minamibuhei-cho Line (overall length: 26.8 km), which is long-distance 275 kV CV

cable line, in 1993 [20], the 275 kV Tokai Matsugae Line (overall length: 19.2 km) in 1998 [20] [21], the

275 kV Ama Matsugae Line in 2000 [21] [22], and the 275 kV Kawagoe Nishi-Nagoya Line in 2002 [23]

[24] were constructed. Recently, these CV cable design technologies [25] and construction

technologies [26] are also summarized nationwide. These results are reported to CIGRE WG B1.47

and are summarized in the technical report [27].

As described above, with regard to cable construction technology, Japan has been promoting

technical improvement for long-distance and high-voltage cables ahead of the world, and it has

considerable superiority.

<References> [17] Yonemoto et al.: “500 kV Long-Distance CV Cable Lines - TEPCO Shin-Toyosu Line -,”

Fujikura Technical Journal, No. 101, pp. 22-26 (2001)

[18] Yonemoto et al.: “Partial Discharging Test for Shin-Toyosu Line 500 kV Long-Distance CV

Cable Lines,” Hitachi Cable, No. 20, pp. 75-80 (2001)

[19] Tanaka: “A Journey to Practical Application of 500 kV CV Cables for Long-Distance

TransmissionUltrahigh-Voltage Large-Capacity Cables Supported by Micron Technology,”

IEEJ Transactions on Power and Energy, Vol. 128, No. 4, pp. 623-627 (2008)

[20] Okada et al.: “Recent Technical Trend of Ultrahigh Voltage CV Cable Lines,” 1998 National

Convention Record IEEJ, S.32-1 (1998)

[21] Tsuchiya et al.: “Installation Technology for Ultrahigh Voltage CV Cables,” 1998 National

Convention Record IEEJ, S.32-5 (1998)

[22] Nakano et al.: “Chubu Electric Power Ama Matsugae Line 275 kV CSZV Cable Construction,”

Hitachi Cable, No. 19, pp. 19-24 (2000)

[23] N. Hayashi et al.: “Construction of 275 kV Underground Transmission Line Composed of

Continuous 2,500 m Long Cable,” Proceedings of 6th International Conference on Insulated

Power Cables, A.10.4, pp. 343-347 (2003)

[24] S. Kobayashi et al.: “Results of After-Laying Tests of 275 kV XLPE Cable Line,” Proceedings

of 6th International Conference on Insulated Power Cables, A.8.6, pp. 291-294 (2003)

[25] CV Cable Facility Design Technical Expert Committee: “Design Technologies for CV Cable

Facilities,” Electric Technology Research Association, Vol. 73, No. 2 (2017)

[26] CV Cable Construction Technical Expert Committee: “Current Status and Future Prospects of

Construction Technology for CV Cable Lines,” Electric Technology Research Association, Vol.

53, No. 4 (2005)

[27] CIGRE WG B1.47: “Implementation of Long AC HV and EHV Cable Systems,” CIGRE

Technical Brochure 680, March 2017

4.5 Issues regarding Business Promotion It could be seen that cooperating with a power utility made each country’s power utility

company further discuss issues it has as a corresponding power utility, helped obtain its

hidden needs which could not be seen by manufacturer approaching alone and received its

positive response to the proposal of high-quality power transmission solution.

For the future we will aim to further business expansion by applying this model laterally to

each neighboring country and proposing O&M technology enthusiastically for not only

underground cables but submarine cables and overhead lines.

（様式２）

頁図表番号

Electric power system of CEM (quoted fromthe data of CEM)

2.1.2-213

Relationship between the amount ofgenerated gas and ther operating years

(quoted from the Technical Report No.858 ofthe Institute of Electrical Engineers of

Japan)

3.1.3-122

Abnormity determination index forinsulation oil gas analysis of OF cables

(quoted from Electric Cooperative ResearchVol.70, No.1)

18 3.1.2-1

2.1.1-18

9 2.1.1-2Electric power system of HKE (quoted from

the data of HKE)

2.1.2-1

二次利用未承諾リスト

委託事業名平成30年度質の高いエネルギーインフラの海外展開に向けた事業実施可能性調査事業

報告書の題名　Business FeasibilityInvestigation into ExportingInfrastructure Technology Backedby Cooperation betweenManufactures and Utilities inPower Transmission O&M Field

受注事業者名Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.

タイトルElectric power companies' areas in Hong

Kong (quoted from the data of HKE)

Overview of Macau (quoted from the data ofCEM)

11

business feasibility investigation into exporting ... · manufacturers have traditionally...

Documents