butanol as an alternative fuel for diesel engines · butanol as an alternative fuel for diesel...
TRANSCRIPT
10/10/2017 Tankai Zhang 1
Project leader
Senior researcher
PhD student
Project 1
Project 2
Programme
Partners
Budget
Butanol as an alternative fuel for Diesel engines
: Ingemar Denbratt
: Karin Munch
: Tankai Zhang
: 2013-09 to 2016-09
: 2017-05 to 2018-12
: FFI
: Chalmers, Neste, Perstorp AB, Scania CV, Statoil,
Swedish Energy Agency, Volvo GTT, Volvo Car
: 3.725 MSEK + 1.720 MSEK
10/10/2017 Tankai Zhang 2
Mixtures applied in the project I Component of
mixture A B C D E F G H I J K L
Diesel X X X X X X X X X X X
n-Butanol X X X
Isobutanol X X X
n-Octanol X X X
2-ethylhexonal X X X
HVO X X X X
DTBP X X X X
Future enginesFactory setting engines(Conventional combustion) (Partially premixed combustion)
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Mixtures applied in the project II Component of
mixture A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R
Diesel X X X X X X X X X X X
n-Butanol X X X X X
Isobutanol X X X
n-Octanol X X X X X
2-ethylhexonal X X X X X
HVO X X X X X X X X X X
DTBP X X X X
RME X X X
Fossil-free (Conventional combustion)
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Diesel
vol.%
n-Butanol
vol.%
n-Octanol
vol.%
2-Ethylhexanol
vol.%
HVO
vol.%
RME
vol.%
Equivalent CO2
Reduction* %
CN
-
Diesel 100 - - - - - - 52.0
n-Butanol - 100 - - - - - < 20
n-Octanol - - 100 - - - - 37.5
2-Ethylhexanol - - - 100 - - - 23.2
HVO - - - - 100 - - 75.1
RME - - - - - 100 - 53.4
nBu30H - 30 - - 70 - 76.1 51.1
nBu28R7H - 28 - - 65 7 - ~51
nOc55H - - 55 - 45 - 72.0 51.7
nOc51R7H - - 51 - 42 7 - 51.7
2EH40H - - - 40 60 - 73.2 51.3
2EH37R7H - - - 37 56 7 - ~51
Tested fossil-free fuels
* K. Munch and T. Zhang, “A Comparison of Drop-In Diesel Fuel Blends Containing Heavy Alcohols Considering Both Engine Properties and Global Warming Potentials,” SAE paper 2016-01-2254.
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More than 80% reduction of soot emissions.
Show how the fossil-free fuels work in production setting Diesel engines.
More than 70% well to wheel Greenhouse gases reduction. [1]
Goals of the Project
[1] Fossilfrihet på väg, Statens Offentliga Utredningar, SOU 2013:84, 2013
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Test bed with the LD engine
Engine typeRicardo Hydra single
cylinder
Cylinder head type Volvo VED4
Bore 82 mm
Stroke 93 mm
Compression ratio 15.8:1
Fuel injection system Common rail
Injection strategy Multi-injection
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Rate of heat release
-5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
-20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Hea
t re
leas
e (J
/CA
D)
CAD ATDC
Speed: 1200rpm, IMEP: 2.7bar, EGR: 37.9%, injection pressure: 35MPa, intake pressure: 1.05bar
Diesel nBu30H nBu28R7H nOc55H
nOc51R7H 2EH40H 2EH37R7H
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
-20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Hea
t re
leas
e (J
/CA
D)
CAD ATDC
Speed: 1280rpm, IMEP: 9.6bar, EGR: 19.4%, injection pressure: 80MPa, intake pressure: 1.35bar
Diesel nBu30H nBu28R7H nOc55H
nOc51R7H 2EH40H 2EH37R7H
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Thermal efficiency and fuel consumption
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1,00 2,00
Ind
icat
ed t
her
mal
eff
icie
ncy
(%
)
Indicated thermal efficiency
Diesel nBu30H nBu28R7H nOc55H
nOc51R7H 2EH40H 2EH37R7H
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
1,00 2,00
IS F
uel
co
nsu
mp
tio
n (
g/K
Wh
)
IS Fuel consumption
Diesel nBu30H nBu28R7H nOc55H
nOc51R7H 2EH40H 2EH37R7H
Point1 Point2 Point1 Point2
Point1 - Speed: 1200rpm, IMEP: 2.7bar, EGR: 37.9%, injection pressure: 35MPa, intake pressure: 1.05bar
Point2 - Speed: 1280rpm, IMEP: 9.6bar, EGR: 19.4%, injection pressure: 80MPa, intake pressure: 1.35bar
0 1 2 3 40
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
Oxygen mass fraction (%)
Norm
aliz
ed s
oot
em
issio
ns (
-)
HVO containing
0,000
0,005
0,010
0,015
0,020
0,025
0,030
1,00 2,00
ISSo
ot
(g/K
Wh
)
Soot emissions (microsoot)
Diesel nBu30H nBu28R7H nOc55H
nOc51R7H 2EH40H 2EH37R7H
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Soot emissions
Point1 Point2
0 1 2 3 40
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
Oxygen mass fraction (%)
Norm
aliz
ed s
oot
em
issio
ns (
-)
HVO containing imep
LD engine
HD engine
51.1%
83.7%
Alcohol/Diesel blends
Fossil-free fuels
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.50
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12
Oxygen mass fraction (%)
IS s
oot
em
issio
ns (
g/k
Wh)
HVO containing
point 1 point 2 point 3 point 4 diesel nButanol isoButanol 2ethylhexanol nOctanol
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.50
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12
Oxygen mass fraction (%)
IS s
oot
em
issio
ns (
g/k
Wh)
HVO containing
point 1 point 2 point 3 point 4 diesel nButanol isoButanol 2ethylhexanol nOctanol
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.50
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12
Oxygen mass fraction (%)
IS s
oot
em
issio
ns (
g/k
Wh)
HVO containing
point 1 point 2 point 3 point 4 diesel nButanol isoButanol 2ethylhexanol nOctanol
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Heat release of fossil-free fuels were similar to that of fossil Diesel at tested
conditions.
Compared to fossil Diesel, fossil-free fuels generated slightly higher thermal
efficiency at higher load, while producing higher fuel consumption due to the
low heating value.
Soot emission declined sharply when using fossil-free fuels instead of fossil
Diesel.
Fundamental spray study will be performed to investigate the differences of
evaporation, sooting and combustion behavior for tested fuels.
Summary and future plan
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Acknowledgements
Thanks for your attention!