Estimating Abundance of Butterfly Population in

University Putra Malaysia

Butterfly is a good indicator species. Butterflies are adequate indicators for many groups

of terrestrial insects (Thomas and Clarke, 2004). Their association with various plant species makes

them vulnerable to habitat loss and fragmentation. University Putra Malaysia is widely agriculture

place in their university. It good to find out suitable habitat for butterfly by

estimate the population of butterfly between two different area in UPM (open area and plantation).

INTRODUCTION

The main objective of this study to estimate

the butterflies population in University Putra Malaysia.

The specify objective is to identify butterfly species abundance

between open area (faculty area) and plantation area.

to estimate the density of butterfly in open area and plantation

OBJECTIVE

Butterfly is a pollination agent. The status of ecosystem health also can be

indicated by butterfly’s population. (Thomas 2005)

Richness of butterflies species can show the diversity of biodiversity in the area cause of the feeding behavior of butterflies (Astrid & Robert, 2002)

Butterflies as important element to food chain for birds, bats and other insectivorous animals (Butterflies Conservation Europe [BCE], 2008)

LITERATURE REVIEW

Starting 1 nov-30 nov Study conducted in University Putra

Malaysia Location of area - 2o59’57.61oN and

101o42’13.50oE approximately 23 kilometers southwest of Kuala Lumpur

The around of area 1214 hectare - 121 hectare (administrative and faculty area), 1093 hectare (farming and agriculture area)

STUDY SITE

using line transect method 12 point was established standard-length (200m) ,500

meters apart taken 30-45 minutes-walk in length spotted 20m to each side, 20m

ahead and 20m above 0900H and 1500H -active period 3

hours before sunset and after sunrise (butterflyconservation.org).

identify the rest and shady butterfly

METHOD

RESULT

RESULT

ESTIMATING DENSITY AND ABUNDANCE

Open area Estimate %CV df 95% Confidence Interval

Density 41.269 50.95 7.94 13.611 125.13 Abundance 1032.0 50.95 7.94 340.00 3128.0 Plantation

Density 27.016 29.34 39.67 15.113 48.292 Abundance 675.00 29.34 39.67 378.00 1207.0

Open area density is highest than plantation Species abundance in open area is highest.

POOL ESTIMATES

ESTIMATE % CV df 95% CON. INTERVEL

Density 34.142 32.90 10.31 16.761 69.548

Abundance 1707.0 32.90 10.31 838.00 3477.0

Estimation Summary

Open area density is highest than

plantation Spesies abundance in open area is

highest. When at site, the abundance of

butterfly species is high but the species diversity is low.

The histogram shows the distribution of observation of butterflies.

DISCUSSION

The red curve is the fitted detection

function (normal function) It is the right-hand half of normal curve.

DISCUSSION

Based on the results, it can be concluded that

the abundance of butterflies is high in both plantation and open area but it was estimated that the species diversity is low.

This is due to the existing trees and plants of the same species. In return, only certain species of butterflies correspond to it and are present on site.

CONCLUSION

Crozier L. (2004). Warmer winters drive butterfly range

expansion by increasing survivorship. Ecology 85: 231-241. Thomas, J.A., & Clarke, R.T. (2004). Extinction rates and

butterflies—response. Science 305, 1563–1564. Thomas, J.A. (2005). Monitoring change in the abundance

and distribution of insects using butterflies and other indicator groups. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences 360, 339–357.

Pyle, R.M. (2002). The Butterflies of Cascadia: A Field Guide to All the Species of Washington, Oregon, and Surrounding Territories. Seattle, WA: Seattle Audubon Society.

Reference

Thank You