by biplab ketan paul, ashoka changemaker fellow, india 00919825506900 [email protected] april 2013...
TRANSCRIPT
by
Biplab Ketan Paul, Ashoka Changemaker Fellow, India
April 2013
Soil water Rejuvenation, Desertification Control Soil water Rejuvenation, Desertification Control & Agro Productivity Augmentation& Agro Productivity Augmentation
Field experience through InnovationField experience through Innovation (winner World Bank India Development Marketplace 2007 & (winner World Bank India Development Marketplace 2007 &Awarded as the Best Environmental Practice in Gujarat 2013)Awarded as the Best Environmental Practice in Gujarat 2013)
Objectives of this practiceGeological/soil and aquifer issues attended by Bhungroo •Freeing of lands from water logging = reducing salt deposition & curtailing desertification •Creation of lifelong sustainable water sources (ie irrigation supply)= both monsoon and winter cropping for poor farmers •Yearly augmentation of subsoil saline aquifer (with non saline storm water) = reducing salinity in subsoil aquifer i.e. rejuvenating subsoil water , which is also creating of better water source over long term
Crop/farming and ecology issues attended by Bhungroo •Ensuring higher soil productivity
Socio economic issues attended by Bhungroo •Entrustment of food security, emancipation from debt trap & reversing of migration
Gender dimension attended by Bhungroo•Women driven gender centric programme in unique commune agro system
Ensuring Sustainable Agro-Livelihood for vulnerable farmers of Salinity affected &/or Flash Flood prone
areas through World Bank IDM 2007 awarded Socially Innovative Irrigation Technology (Bhungroo)
And/or
What is World Bank awarded technology?It is awarded in World Bank’s Socially Innovative Ideas competition IDM 2007 and it is named as “Bhungroo” (in local language means straw for water) .
How does it work?
Bhungroo, a filtered injection method is actually injecting low density storm water underground
Creating water lenses due to density variation between filtered storm water and subsoil high density saline aquifer.
Top soil gets free from water logging
Existing soil moisture takes care of monsoon cropping.
In winter period (the cash crop period) the farmers lift the injected low density storm water from subsurface storage for winter irrigation.
What is “Bhungroo”?Meaning of “Bhungroo” • “Bhungroo” is a local term in Gujarat. In Gujarati it means a
“straw”• But in local dialect it means a “Straw” through which
“Dharti (i.e. mother earth)” can sip in water inside as well as can give water to its children for lifelong
Impact:• Now highly popular in the region especially within women
members
Plots, which were perennially unproductive for decades due to water logging, produce at least 2 crops from the very first year due to installation of Bhungroo. Retain soil water and reduces the salt deposition ie controlling desertification
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Work Diagram
Impetus towards Social Enterprises For Local Partners – For below poverty line vulnerable farmers
– Major focus on women
– Designed into community driven company ie Joint Asset Groups = benefit to more than 5 farming families = cooperative/group cultivation= risk minimization=economic of scale
– Definite time-line
On Global issues– Controlling of desertification, Mitigation of climate change and
– Women led development
Waterlogging Installation of Bhungroo on the land which is water logged
Freeing of land from water logging
Injecting of rainwater underground & creation of
subsoil lenses of low density water
Food crop= nutrition securityWater lifting from
under ground water lenses by pumping
Supplying of water for alternative season cropping
Cash crop = income generation
Issues attainedDisaster prone- Desertified, Water-logging= flash flood affectedSoil and Aquifer Salinity, Near zero Irrigation availability,
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How is it relevant in local area?• Flash flood/salinity affected areas are defeating agro process of local people due
to water logging in every monsoon. It solves the poor agro productivity issue in the area
• Water depth in tubewell 1200/1300 ft needs an investment of USD 30000 for deep tubewell. Bhungroo needs an one time investment of<USD 10000
• The erratic rainfall and current water storage process does not result better conservation. It solves that problem
• Due to heavy sheet flow of muddy water the water percolation rate is very low. By reducing the water logging it is actually increasing soil productivity
The aquifer depths 62 -100 ft. The filtered storm water collected through Bhungroo can be stored underground. It stays over there for next 365 days. Makes landholdings free from water logging= rainydays cropping= food security. In Alternative season injected water is pumped out for irrigation= cash crops=higher income= economic richness.
Planning- “Bhungroo” Suitability- locations?
Salinity Affected areas: • Regions with high soil salinity • Regions with high subsoil salinity • Regions with low top soil
permeability/porosity
Flash flood regions: • Regions with long duration water-
logging • Regions with subsoil water TDS
level > 1000 ppm within a depth of 40-80 ft
Pre installation technical, social, soil, geographical data collection is needed
Monsoon rainfallCollection of runoff surface water in farmers plot through
farm bund and filter it to inject underground
Finalization of quantum of Landholdings + irrigation of selected farmers. Their lands get free from water logging = near zero salt deposition from capillary force = increasing soil fertility & ensuring monsoon cropping = Food security= reverse migration= ecological rejuvenation of erstwhile fallow
land
Training of SHGs and farmers = understanding of commune agro process & Bhungroo based irrigation system development= water quantum finalization based upon land geography detail = crop
specific agro water balance finalization with local knowledge
Post Monsoon cropping, Lifting of stored water
Higher irrigation coverage for winter crop with higher return
Reuse the lifted stored water for winter cropping=cash cropping =economic richness
Bhungroo Implementation (Process)
Process1-Concept Promotion
Village level SHGs do the local level poverty mapping
Village level SHGs do the local level poverty mapping
List the potential beneficiaries as per their poorest poor rank in the
poverty mapping
List the potential beneficiaries as per their poorest poor rank in the
poverty mapping
Finally agreed members from the SHGs’ list, who are keen to access Bhungroo as
per given agreement and acceptable terms
Finally agreed members from the SHGs’ list, who are keen to access Bhungroo as
per given agreement and acceptable terms
SHGs are responsible to for beneficiaries’
performance & norms abiding
SHGs are responsible to for beneficiaries’
performance & norms abiding
Papers Verification by SHG & community
Papers Verification by SHG & community
SHGs are responsible for
beneficiaries’ paper authenticity
SHGs are responsible for
beneficiaries’ paper authenticity
Screening of potential beneficiaries based upon Sites’ technical feasibility
(soil strata report) and peer group assessment at
community level
Screening of potential beneficiaries based upon Sites’ technical feasibility
(soil strata report) and peer group assessment at
community levelList of beneficiaries gets
finalized; Commune is formed for next 10 years operation
List of beneficiaries gets finalized; Commune is formed
for next 10 years operation
Short listed members submit land entitlement legal papers
& poverty certification to local SHGs
Short listed members submit land entitlement legal papers
& poverty certification to local SHGs
Process 2-Beneficiary Selection & Site Finalization
Process 3-Technology erection, machinery installation &
maintenance at site
Commune members’ sites gets ready with
drilling completion & machinery installation
within 30 days of commune formation
Commune members’ sites gets ready with
drilling completion & machinery installation
within 30 days of commune formation
Machinery team deliver the machines to local SHGs; in
presence of village institution and SHGs machines are
installed by the machinery agency
Machinery team deliver the machines to local SHGs; in
presence of village institution and SHGs machines are
installed by the machinery agency
Commune members are
informed about their selection.
They form their labor team and work timing is
finalized
Commune members are
informed about their selection.
They form their labor team and work timing is
finalized
Commune members are responsible to manage
the system on their land
Commune members are responsible to manage
the system on their land
Onsite full service & parts replacement
warranty by machinery and
drilling agencies
Onsite full service & parts replacement
warranty by machinery and
drilling agencies
Process4-Water injection and crop mapping
Rain water collection, water logging duration, water
quantum measurement by Commune members with
approval from SHG, verified by community
Rain water collection, water logging duration, water
quantum measurement by Commune members with
approval from SHG, verified by community
SHG and Commune members upkeep
water injection units aprior
SHG and Commune members upkeep
water injection units aprior
SHG and Commune assess water injection & possible water draft for
irrigation
SHG and Commune assess water injection & possible water draft for
irrigation
Commune decide on crop planning for monsoon and winter along
with irrigation water quantum
need and timing
Commune decide on crop planning for monsoon and winter along
with irrigation water quantum
need and timing
Commune prepare the irrigation Plan
Commune prepare the irrigation Plan
Irrigation chart and timing is shared within commune in
advance
Irrigation chart and timing is shared within commune in
advance
Process5-Irrigation supply
Commune start winter irrigation on rotation process i.e. machine
time is dedicated to single farmers, so each farmers is getting irrigation cycle within next 5 days.
Commune start winter irrigation on rotation process i.e. machine
time is dedicated to single farmers, so each farmers is getting irrigation cycle within next 5 days.
SHG &Commune keep note on
monsoon irrigation
SHG &Commune keep note on
monsoon irrigation
SHG keeps tab on water distribution & farmers’
on site water management to
minimize the wastage & stealing
SHG keeps tab on water distribution & farmers’
on site water management to
minimize the wastage & stealing
Commune daily updates water usage by each commune
member
Commune daily updates water usage by each commune
member
water usage, cost of usage & agro input use by each
farmer is shared within; this gives actual picture of crop
growth
water usage, cost of usage & agro input use by each
farmer is shared within; this gives actual picture of crop
growth
The Bhungroo Process
Process• Gender centric– from partner selection, approval,
technology erection and sale proceed control by women
• Priority -Food security and economic upliftment• Crop selection by women –
– Monsoon- food security, AH & fuel security
– Winter- minimum risk, minimum agro input usage
• Technology- inclusive and risk sharing
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Program Output -- Direct measurable result• Within first monsoon after irrigation operation from
Bhungroos: – Inclusion of 20 acres of land into cropping system– Net income from 1 Bhungroo USD 5000 to 10000– Guaranteed Food Security for at least 25 BPL members – Lifting of 25 poorest poor farmers to APL level – Reduction in migration of targeted farmers
1. Good no of poor rural people are saved from flash flood. 2. Works as buffer zone for the Flash flood. 3. Reduces threat to hygiene and health 4. Saves good no of animals’ lives in low lying areas.
Program Output -- Indirect result
Bhungroo Achievement
Bhungroo Impact
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Impact• Facilitation of Millennium Development Goals • Regenerate the dairy industry of all the project villages through grass
growing on water logging free lands= near zero land erosion• Freeing the BPL members from the clutches of village power groups. • Empowerment of underprivileged women in the area • Technical knowledge ownership with SHG members - inbuilt sustainability. • Local women members working as resource person - auto replication. • Local wage creation• Improvement of women health and education status over time.
Most importantly it implies a new ecological era for this degraded and disaster-prone region leading to flood coping and/or disaster preparedness
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Potential of scaling up • Best Agro solution for drought/flash flood affected areas • Innovative low cost easy to use irrigation process for poor farmers- takes care of
95% of scaling up issues.• Emancipation of farmers from debt-trap • Instead of single ownership, it is equally-shared-asset and community shared
knowledge. • High knowledge ownership Reduce/ reverses out-migration of farmers as bonded
labors to other areas • Promotes best agro practices • Women leadership and informed animators (i.e. least-cost-second-line is getting
ready) • Being people-centric and targeted to immediate need of livelihood of the poorest of
poor, dependent upon most precious natural resource Land and Water
Integration
Business plan based agro activity in both land owner & landless women farmers
Extension services towards crop loss minimization (women
run)
Market information provision services for higher
income
Need-oriented financial services and uplifting the clients to be credit
worthiness
Market information on Agro-allied sector
Linking with existing public services (e.g. WATSAN, health, education etc.) and scoping exercise on
innovative ideas on the subject
Learning Major lessons & learning by community & implementer Major lessons & learning by community & implementer Technical:
What is innovationHow to operationalize the process of innovation
Technical: What is innovationHow to operationalize the process of innovation
Social: How to internalize the innovation at larger scale Roles and responsibilities of each stakeholders in the internalization process
Social: How to internalize the innovation at larger scale Roles and responsibilities of each stakeholders in the internalization process
Institutional:How to streamline the replication process with a view of better outputRole of Financial institutionsAdvocacy for credit worthiness of the poor farmers for Bhungroo experiment
Institutional:How to streamline the replication process with a view of better outputRole of Financial institutionsAdvocacy for credit worthiness of the poor farmers for Bhungroo experiment
Local level understanding:Technology –process inclusiveness, gender centricity in innovation, visual &functional literacy in correlation to innovation execution etc
Local level understanding:Technology –process inclusiveness, gender centricity in innovation, visual &functional literacy in correlation to innovation execution etc
Understanding AcquiredAddressing two fold issues: Increase in Agro income & Self reliance of poor
farmers in fragile ecology of desert & flash flood prone areas
Economically viable: possibly the lowest cost of per cubic feet irrigation water (among all other irrigation structure)
Environmentally sustainable : locally acceptable
Low/zero maintenance cost
Solve the major crisis of drought affected area: agro productivity through better water management
Solve the major crisis of flash flood affected area: Freeing of land and animal husbandry from water logging in monsoon as well as ensure consistent water supply for irrigation in winter and summer
Have a strong possibility for: replication
Able to change the social and power equation in the village
Involve the underprivileged women in each step of work thereby: knowledge endowment
Future Scaling up, Echoing, nurturing,
self sufficiency, knowledge building
Scaling up, Echoing, nurturing, self sufficiency, knowledge
building “technology transfer”“technology transfer”
“business plan based development approach”.
“business plan based development approach”.
“right set of knowledge carrier”“right set of knowledge carrier”
Support Agencies
SEAPCP, Kualalampur knowledge sharing centre for south east Asia.
“Ashoka Global Change maker network” in its Rural Innovation in Farming-
“Globalizer “ programme’s part.
Mentored by “Safe Water Network”
Support Agencies
SEAPCP, Kualalampur knowledge sharing centre for south east Asia.
“Ashoka Global Change maker network” in its Rural Innovation in Farming-
“Globalizer “ programme’s part.
Mentored by “Safe Water Network”
Future Expansion planINGOs/ Global Networks/ DONORs/ Foundations/ Local NGOs/ MFIs/ CSR
Geography centric training conducting, module preparation, backed with SEED CAPITAL
Free access to the technology to like minded people, support from Research Instt
Paradigm shift1.New Government Policy2.New loan product for Banks
The Need- National & Global
National and Global
• Strong prospect in– Maharshtra, Bihar, Haryana, Orissa, West bengal etc.
• Further Potential in Pakistan, Indonesia, Bali, Papua and Timore and African countries etc
As per geo-hydrology principle, The technology can easily work where water logging is due to rainfall or flash flood with at
least 3 ft height Subsoil aquifer table is available within 30 mt The underground geology shows coarse grain
permeable sand
As per geo-hydrology principle, The technology can easily work where water logging is due to rainfall or flash flood with at
least 3 ft height Subsoil aquifer table is available within 30 mt The underground geology shows coarse grain
permeable sand
Opportunity
Source: (FAO/UNESCO Soil Map), http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_salinity_control
Zones/area/opportunity
Gujarat opportu
nity India level Global
Total gross area (in million ha)(in million ha) 0.73 6.7 901total poor family members affected (in Million)(in Million) 0.2 1.9 260.6Total crop production possible per three monthsper three months (USD Million)(USD Million) 160 1580
208450
New Technology
New Process
New Horizons
Web: http://naireetaservices.com/Email: [email protected]
[email protected]@yahoo.com
Ph- 0091982550690000919925007097
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Thank YouThank You
Biplab K Paul - Credential• Got selected as Changemaker for India by Noble laureate IPCC General
Secretary, Dr. R K Pachauri.
• Awarded as Ambassador for Peace by UPF, New York
• Made his NGO to win prestigious World Bank India Development Market Place award 2007 for innovative irrigation technology.
• Commonwealth Scholar, US dept of State Scholar, TREE (German) Scholar
• Ashoka Change Maker fellow from India in 2011
• Jal Star award in 2012.
• Awardee as Best contributor for State Rural Development in 2012
• Globalizer fellow in RIF from India in 2012
[email protected]@rediffmail.comhttp://naireetaservices.comSkype: biplabkpPh: 09825506900Director – Naireeta Services pvt ltd (a social enterprise)