by: bm. intelligence is the ability to interpret and understand everyday situations and to use that...
TRANSCRIPT
Intellectual Development from One to
Three
By: BM
Intelligence is the ability to interpret and understand everyday situations and to use that experience when faced with
new situations or problems.
Roles of Intelligence
A persons intelligence is determined by heredity and environment.
During early period, the foundation for later learning is formed.
They are curious about everything and want to try it all.
Continue…
Children learn on their own through everyday experiences and also through play.
Methods of Learning
Researchers made 4 groups of learning1. Incidental Learning Is unplanned learningChildren learn by doing things with their bodies2. Trial and error learning Is learning in which a child tries several solutions before
fi nding out what works. Ex. Doing a puzzle3. Imitation Is learning by watching and copying others. Ex. Mimicking Both skills and attitude is learned by imitation4. Directed learning Is learning from being taught, either formally or
informallyDirected learning begins in the early years and continues
throughout life
Four Groups of Learning Methods
Children form concepts which are general categories of objects and
information.
Concept Development
Children start to organize what they have learned into their senses.
As child's knowledge grows the concepts are more refined and accurate.
They also learn to categorize objects by color, size, and shape.
Concepts of life and time aren’t understandable yet at this age group.
They believe everything is alive.Concepts of time are slowly
improved during the third year.
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Most basic element of intellectual are attention, memory, perception,
reasoning, imagination, creativity and curiosity.
Mind at Work
Aware of size, shape and colors.
As children mature they gradually develop the ability to ignore most of the info their senses provide and to concentrate on one item of interest.
1-3 years old can focus more then a one year old.
Attention
A child reacts to a situation by remembering similar experiences
If a one year old is frightened by a dog for an example then they will be scared of all animals, but as they grow up and become older they can remember the particular dog and can compare judge from others.
Earliest skill of memory is recognizing parents faces
By age 2 their memory grows incredibly
Memory
Perception
2-3 year olds are encouraged to learn by constantly asking “why?” “what is it?” and “how does it work?” that’s why people hear child say it so often
Commenting on the environment and answering questions helps improve a child's perception and helps there concept development.
The more you ignore their questions, the less motivation they have to learn
Babies at their fi rst year intend to push away “toys” to get another, but as they grow up the child solves problems by trying more possible solutions by putting away toys
Enjoy playing with a box which you match the block shape into the box
Parents should give chances to make right decisions.
By letting them make decisions the child will learn how to focus on the choices and thoughtful decisions on their own.
Reasoning
It became noticeable at about two years of age that children where using their imagination more often.
Its important to learning.Children use their imaginations to
connect what they see and hear with themselves.
Till about age 5 children don’t understand where imagination ends and reality begins.
Imagination
The use of imagination to produce something
Normally something others can seeSome ways a to promote creativeEncourage play activates that
depend on exploration, imagination, and creativity.
The process of creating is more important than the product.
Parsing the child will encourage future creativity.
Creativity
Is a source of learning and increases with age.
Parents sometimes smother a child’s curiosity by protecting them to much.
Young children seem to be into everything and this should be allowed
Curiosity
Children can only learn a new skill when they are physically and intellectually
ready.It’s important to push children to learn
skills, but even more important to avoid delaying skills that children are ready to
learn.
Readiness for Learning
Giving your time and attention:Children learn best when
there encouragedBeing their with them is very
importantAllow time for thinking:Toddlers need time to
consider choices and make decisions
Give only as much help as the child needs:Let the child do the most
they can If possible let the child do
the final step in an task
Guiding Learning
Encourage children to draw their own conclusions:Seeing and doing helps reinforce learningShowing how to solve problems:Never take over a child's projectWatch and encourage a childMaintain a positive attitude:Encourage learning by letting the child
know you have confidence in it’s abilities.
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Allow children to explore and discover:Constantly saying “don’t do
this” and “don’t touch that” inhibits sensor and motor experiences.
Children learn through all their senses and through play.
Help Children understand the world and how it works:Always bring children along
on daily routines and errands and whatever possible.
Encourage children to participate at home
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Playing with allows children to experience imaginary situations
and act out different roles.
Play Actives and Toys
Also develop large and small motor skillsShare and cooperate with othersNon talking toys are usually better because it leads to
the child using there imagination more.Colorful toys are more desirableWhen picking toys for your kids to play with ask! It’s the toy safe? Is it well made and durable?Will it be easy to care for? It is colorful?Will it be easy for the child to handle? Is it appropriate for child’s age?
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One to two years old: A child practices body control and learns through exploration The noise from toys help teach and entertain a child
Two to three years: Children become more coordinated and understanding Is very inspired by what adults are doing Toys which are great for this age group are child-sized broom,
small shovel, plastic or wooden tools, play dishes, empty food containers, similar items to what parents are using.
Three to Four years: Continue to enjoy some toys as when two Imagination and motor skil ls increase their interests Love to paint with their hands Love the tricycle and playground
Continued…
Everyone learns to speak at their own speed and learn individual words.
Speech Development
Babies learn to say words by repeating the sounds they hear
During age 1 they use one word to express a thoughtAt age two children begin to combine wordsAt age three grammar starts to implyListening to others talk is a way children start to
speak
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Not all children are blessed with the ability to speak properly but some have diffi culties that follow them through out
life.
Speech Difficulties
Parents shouldn’t be concerned if their child isn't talking lots before the age three.
Some children have trouble with certain sounds.
Stuttering is a serious speech diffi culty Child’s speaking and thinking abilities are
still immature before age three Some stutters aren't actually stutters but
instead a child is trying to think The child is always learning new words
and ways to describe things so it sometimes takes a few seconds for the right word to come with some parents think is a stutter.
A speech therapist is commonly contacted if a child has a stutter or has trouble say some sounds.
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Text Book- The Developing Child By Holly E. Brisbaine
Google Imageshttp://www.parents.com/baby/development/
intellectual/3-best-toys-for-intellectual-development/http://glencoe.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0078883601/
student_view0/unit4/chapter12/http://www.dshs.wa.gov/ca/fosterparents/training/
cdevguid/cdg03.htm
Bibliography