by:

Dato' Ir. Hanapi bin Mohamad Noor

Director River Basin Management Division,

Department of Irrigation and Drainage, Malaysia

4th March 2015

CONTENTS

2

• Introduction

• Issues and Problems

• The Way Forward

• Conclusion

3

INTRODUCTION

Surface Runoff 494 bill. m3

(50.9%)

Groundwater 64 bill. m3

(6.6%)

Evapo- transpiration 413 bill. m3

(42.5%)

Annual Rainfall

2940 mm (971 billion m3)

Based on Review of National Water Resource Study 2000-2050

Water Resources In Malaysia

RIVERS – A PRECIOUS GIFT FROM GOD

Sustainability of River Basins

is important and crucial

Beautiful River

Melaka River

Tekala River, Ulu Langat

Sarawak River

7

Beautiful River

Pahang River

8

Beautiful River

9

Beginning of Civilisation

Kuala Lumpur

Water Supply/Hydro power

Agriculture

Business Focal point

River Function

Benefit to people living near river

Aquaculture

Transportation Culture

River Function

Religion

RIVERS provide MAIN WATER SOURCE for 97 % of Water Supply for Domestic, Industrial and Agriculture

IRBM

I NTRODUCT I ON

14

Defined as :

the process of coordinating conservation, management and development of water, land and related resources across sectors within a

given river basin, in order to maximize the economic and social benefits derived from

water resources in an equitable manner while preserving and, where necessary, restoring

freshwater ecosystems.

(Adapted from Integrated Water Resources Management, Global Water Partnership Technical, Advisory Committee Background Papers, No. 4, 2000.)

Integrated River Basin Management

I NTRODUCT I ON

IRBM COMPONENTS (8 components)

16

RIVER BASIN I NTRODUCT I ON

17

River Basin In Malaysia

Area No.

Main River

Basin

(>80km2)

Peninsular

Malaysia

1,235 74

Sabah 1,468 75

Sarawak 283 40

Total 2,986 189

I NTRODUCT I ON

18

ISSUES AND PROBLEMS

Beginilah keadaan di Tanah Tinggi Lojing yang kelihatan hampir gondol akibat pembalakan haram dan penerokaan untuk tujuan pertanian ketika

tinjauan Utusan Malaysia pada akhir November 2014. – UTUSAN

IRBM ISSUES

Lojing, Kelantan

Bertam Valley, Cameron Highland, Pahang

(2014 Mud Flooding)

The floods in December 2014 and January 2015 in Kelantan, Terengganu, Perak, Pahang, Johor, Sabah and Sarawak resulted in devastating damages forcing about 400,000 people to be evacuated. Thus, the Prime Minister has to convene a special Parliamentary Session on 20th January 2015 to approve a special budget allocation of RM893 million for flood mitigation works, RM800 million as initial allocation to repair and reconstruct basic infrastructure like schools, hospitals, roads and bridges, RM500 million rehabilitation works and welfare programmes and RM500 million for flood relief loan Guarantee Scheme.

DID rainfall record shows that for the upper reaches of Sg Kelantan, Sg Pahang and Sg Perak the rainfall exceeded 100-years return period. The Gunung Gagau Rainfall Station at Gua Musang has recorded a total of 1,898 mm of rainfall in 10 days during the December 2014 flood which was equivalent to 2.7 times the average monthly rainfall for December.

Potable water shortages occuring in 2014 and 2015 in several states has led to water rationing. The affected states are Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Johor, Perak and KL. The cause of the water shortage in the Klang Valley was due to the insufficient water resources in the Sg. Selangor Reservoir which is the raw water source for the potable water supply for more than 60% of the populated areas in Selangor, KL and Putrajaya.

Recurring crisis of water shortages due to long dry spell – (Left) Water shortages in Rembau and Tampin, Negri Sembilan, Jan 2015, (Right)

Water crisis in Selangor in August 2014

I SSUES

AN D

PROBLEMS

POLLUTION

SOLID WASTE I SSUES

AN D

PROBLEMS

THE WAY FORWARD

IRBM Implementation Road Map

Environmental Sustainability

Economic Efficiency

Equity

Institutional Framework

Central – Local River Basin Public –Private

Management Instruments

Assessment Information Allocation Instruments

Enabling Environment

Policies Legislation

Balance ‘water for livelihood and water as a resource’

Enabling Environment OPP3 (2001-2010) & 8th MP (2001-2005)

Policy Statements on IRBM National Water Resources Policy

(2012) MSAN directives on IRBM Legislation of National Waters Act,

rules, regulations and guidelines (Target Year 2016?)

Contemporary State Water Enactments and related Regulations and guidelines (Timeline by States?)

Delineation and gazetting of river basins, water catchments and river reserves, water bodies and flood corridors by States (Timeline?)

IRBM Sub-sets (ILBM, IUWRM, IASM, ICM, ICZM)

WSIA 2006, MASMA 2001 and integration with other laws pertaining to resources management

International Cooperation with linkages to UN-Water, WWC, GWP, ESCAP, NARBO, IWMI, ILEC, IWA, etc

IRBM General Framework Balancing River Basin development goals Milestones

IRBM Implementation Road Map

IRBM General Framework

Milestones Balancing River Basin development goals

Environmental Sustainability

Economic Efficiency

Equity

Institutional Framework

Central – Local River Basin Public –Private

Management Instruments

Assessment Information Allocation Instruments

Enabling Environment

Policies Legislation

Balance ‘water for livelihood and water as a resource’

Institutional Framework

Formation of Majlis Sumber Air Negara (MSAN) (1998)

Cabinet Reshuffle and creation of NRE Ministry to ensure separation of powers for resource management from resource users (2004)

National Water Resources Department integrating both surface and groundwater (2015/2016 ?)

Establishment of State WMAs (Timeline by States?)

Establishment of multi-stakeholder RBOs (Timeline ?)

IRBM Implementation Road Map

IRBM General Framework

Milestones Balancing River Basin development goals

Environmental Sustainability

Economic Efficiency

Equity

Institutional Framework

Central – Local River Basin Public –Private

Management Instruments

Assessment Information Allocation Instruments

Enabling Environment

Policies Legislation

Balance ‘water for livelihood and water as a resource’

Management Instruments NWRS 2011 Water Resource Assessment and

Monitoring – National River Register and RB-IMUs (Timeline for 189 RBs ?)

River Basin and Land Use Planning – IRBM Plans for 189 RBs (Timeline ?)

“One State, One River” Implementation Plan

Klang River RoL Project 2012 Flood Management Plan (IFM approach) Drought Management Plan Pollution Control Plan from point and

non-point sources Financial instruments R&D pertaining to IRBM focusing on a

selected representative RB (RoL Project ?) Multi-stake-holder Advocacy, Awareness

and Capacity Building Programs

THE WAY FORWARD – PROPOSED STRATEGY IN IWRM

1. Policy a) Implementation of NWR Policy at state-level b) Development of Federal/State level partnerships to implement NWR Policy

2. Legislation

a) Official enactment of the National Water Resources (NWR) Law b) Official adoption of the NWR Law by state legislature and subsequent

enactment of complementary SWRE 3. Institution

a) New Federal institutional structure for water governance b) Creation of a National Water Resources Management Department (NWRD)

4. Financing a) Financing model for water resources management by the states b) Pricing model for water resources c) Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES)

5. Water Assessment and Allocation (a)Need for a systematic program of assessment of water resources by river basins

and aquifers

(b)Water allocation in a river basin shall be guided by a developed IRBM plan

6. Pollution Control

(a) Control of pollution from all sources : sewage effluents SME Manufacturing industries Sullage (Grey-Water) livestock farming and aquaculture non-sanitary landfill & open dumps sedimentation and siltation

b) Need for review of effluent discharge standards c) Need to develop specific river pollution loading capacity standards

7. Flood Management

a) Increased incidences and cost of flood damages – Implement IFM approach

b) Uncontrolled development in flood prone areas – To legislate and define designated flood protection zones

8. Drought Management a) Management of dry spell (drought-like) conditions in a river basin b) Reprioritize water allocation in times of drought-like conditions c) Development of a climate change mitigation and adaptation plan for

drought-like conditions

9. River Basin and Land Use Planning a) Land use control at the local authority level is not guided by a river

basin plan – To develop IRBM Plans for all river basins in the country

10. River Basin Information System and R&D on IRBM a) Set-up River Basin Information Management Unit (RB-IMU) to

produce and disseminate information products b) R&D on IRBM and a Pilot Project on IRBM

11. Stakeholder Participation

a) Need to get more public participation in river basin management –to implement more IWRM awareness programs and additional funding support to complement the IRBM capacity building efforts of other organisations

• Problems related to rivers, water and

environment are expected to intensify

• IRBM as a subset of IWRM is vital in ensuring

water security and sustainable development

• Conducive enabling environment, effective

Institutional Framework and efficient

Management Instruments are essential to

ensure success in IRBM Implementation

• Need for continuous participation and support

from all stakeholders

CONCLUSION

THANK YOU