BY : dr. MEILAND TINA J. D. SSUPERVISOR: Dr. P. S. PANDIA, Sp.P

P. D. Blanc, I. H. Yen, A. Chen, at alSan Fransisco

ABSTRACTABSTRACT

SOCIO-ECONOMICSTATUS

HEALTH STATUSIN

AIRWAY DISEASE

INDIVIDUALLEVEL

AREA LEVEL

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

INDIVIDUAL LEVEL

Lower-payingoccupational

Poorer indoor quality

Gas cooking stove

Environmentaltobacco smoke

exposure

AREA LEVEL

SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS

Traffic density

Pollution from industrial

Social-communitystressors

Poor airquality

METHODSMETHODS

416INTERVIEW

GeocodingNot possible

(n=1)

Insufficient income/Occupational data

(n=4)

Discordance between Residence at interview &

At spirometry(n=7)

N=404

METHODSMETHODS

Regression analysis

Associations amongIndividual-& area level

SES

Severity of asthmascores

SF-12 PCS

Asthma –specificQoL

FEV1%predicted

RESULTRESULT

RESULTRESULT

RESULTRESULT

RESULTRESULT

RESULTRESULT

RESULTRESULT

DISCUSSIONDISCUSSIONIt was found that SES at the area level predicts general and asthma-It was found that SES at the area level predicts general and asthma-specific health status in adult asthma and rhinitis.specific health status in adult asthma and rhinitis.

A group of such variables (factor 1) consistent with lower SES was A group of such variables (factor 1) consistent with lower SES was associated with greater asthma severity, in contrast a group other associated with greater asthma severity, in contrast a group other variable (factor 2) consistent with suburban SES was associated variable (factor 2) consistent with suburban SES was associated with lower lung function.with lower lung function.

In the case of severity of asthma score, the relationship with the In the case of severity of asthma score, the relationship with the area-level SES didn’t remain statistically significant after taking into area-level SES didn’t remain statistically significant after taking into account the effect of individual-level SES account the effect of individual-level SES

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

Area-level socio-economic status is Area-level socio-economic status is linked to some, but not all, of the studied linked to some, but not all, of the studied health status measures after taking in to health status measures after taking in to account individual-level socio-economic account individual-level socio-economic

status.status.