by: hajer el furjani, georgina krüger and nita helseth
TRANSCRIPT
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Anxiety disorders
By: Hajer El Furjani, Georgina Krüger and Nita Helseth
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Anxiety : normal human response to situations
Anxiety disorders: mental disorders characterized by excessive feelings of anxiety and fear
Affect more female and children Affect 18% of Americans and 14% of Europeans
Often occur with other mental disorders
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EMOTIONAL SYMPTOMS PHYSICAL SYMPTOMS
Excessive worry Feeling nervous Fatigue Trouble concentrating or
thinking about anything other than the present worry
Sleep disturbance
Headache Tachycardia Tachypnoea /dyspnoea Sweating Dizziness Stomach and chest pain Diarrhea Muscle spasm
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Causes Family history of mental diseases
Stressful life
Health issues :asthma diabetes, heart diseases and hormonal problems
Substance abuse: cannabis, amphetamines, alcohol and sedatives
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Types of Anxiety Disorders
Generalized anxiety disorders
Phobias
Panic disorders
Posttraumatic stress disorder
Mixed
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Generalized Anxiety Disorder
A. >6months with:tension, worry and feelings of apprehension, about everyday events and problems
B. >4 symptoms of list (see handout) Autonomic arousal symptoms
(1) Palpitations or pounding heart, or accelerated heart rate.
(2) Sweating.(3) Trembling or shaking.(4) Dry mouth (not due to medication or dehydration).
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Phobias Specific phobias
• Animal type, natural environment type, situational type, blood-injection-injury type, and other
Agoraphobia• Fear to leave „safe“ places
Social phobias• Diagnosis: Liebowitz social anxiety scale
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Panic disorders Unexpected, recurrent panic attacks,
+related behaviour change+worry about the attack's consequences
May be mistaken by heart attack
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Posttraumatic stress disorder
After exposure to one or more traumatic events
Symptoms:• Flashbacks• Avoidance or numbing of memories of the
event• Hyperarousal
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Obsessive compulsive disorder
May develop from anxiety disorder People feel the need to:
• Check things repeatedly• Have certain thoughts repeatedly• Perform certain routines repeatedly
Unable to control thoughts or activities
Relieve after activities are performed
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Treatment Treatable with mental professionals Two main treatments
• Psychotherapy• Medications
Can use combination Need specific treatment for each
patient Time of treatment varies
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Psychotherapy Talk therapy/psychological
counselling Cognitive-behavioral therapy Reduce anxiety symptoms when they
understand their anxiety Increase awareness Counteract the symptoms Reduce or control anxiety
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Medications Antidepressants
• Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor• Serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
Buspirone Benzodiazepines – relieve acute anxiety
symptoms, short-term• Alprazolam• Chlordiazepexide• Diazepam• Lorazepam• Oxazepam
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References http://www.mindhealthconnect.org.au/anxiety-symptoms http://
www.webmd.com/anxiety-panic/guide/mental-health-anxiety-disorders
http://www.healtorture.org/sites/healtorture.org/files/PSS%20SR%20English.pdf
http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/generalized-anxiety-disorder-gad/index.shtml
https://books.google.cz/books?id=44reFIgFDBMC&pg=PA53&hl=de#v=onepage&q&f=false
http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/generalized-anxiety-disorder/basics/treatment/con-20024562, 25th Sept 2014
http://www.apa.org/helpcenter/anxiety-treatment.aspx, June 2010 http://www.adaa.org/finding-help/treatment http://www.adaa.org/finding-help/treatment/therapy http://www.adaa.org/finding-help/treatment/medication http://legemiddelhandboka.no/Generelle/51824, 15th Juli 2015 Drugs in anxiety disorders, pharmacology lecture