NUCLEAR PLANTS

Czech Technıcal Unıversıty In Prague

BY KAGAN POYRAZkagan96@hotmail.com

Research on Nuclear Waste Disposal

• In1934 Italian scientist Enrico Fermi in Rome most of his experiments as a result neutrons could split the atom type was found. The neutron bomb is the element uranium rather than waiting for light atoms found more than uranium.

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• Otto Hahn and Frittz STRASSMAN in Germany in 1938 from a source containing radium and beryllium when bombarded uranium with neutrons, such as Barium-56 were surprised to find the lighter elements.

• As a result of their experiments, barium, and other new substances formed by the fission of uranium, which they think matter, but the reactant and the atomic mass atomic mass of the products did not match.

• After Einstein's formula of E = mc² as they found out so that the energy output of both fission and have proven the theory of transformation of mass into energy.(Fisyon and mass convertion to energy)

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• In 1939, Bohr went to America, FERMI met in Washington and in a controlled environment to keep itself alive for a long time discussed the possibility of chain reactions. This reaction occurs as a result of great energy atoms were being split.

• Scientists all over the world can keep himself alive for a long time had a chain reaction could be explained. Sufficient quantities of uranium had to be brought together under appropriate conditions. The amount of uranium needed to the critical mass that was called

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• Fermi and Leo Szilard in 1941, according to a chain reaction of uranium reactors were designed. This was made up of a stack of uranium and graphite. Uranium in the form of graphite, stacked in a cubic lattice in a suitable hiding fisyon.

• In 1942 Fermi and his team came together at the University of Chicago and the Chicago-1, they opened the world's first rector.

Kagan Poyraz

Kagan Poyraz

December 20, 1942 03:25 hours at reaction can become self-feeding and the world entered the nuclear age was.

Kagan Poyraz

In the U.S. Manhattan Project nuclear activities' have been carried out under military purposes.

In studies of the nuclear bomb for the first time in U.S. cities of New Mexico, whether success was achieved in the experiment.

In 1945 to Japan, the first atomic bomb was dropped.

After the war, for civil purposes in 1946 for nuclear research in the AEC (Atomic Energy Commission) was established.

1951 at Arco also opened the first electricity-producing reactors.

In 1957 the first plant Shippingport to generate for financial electricity in Pennsylevania began full production.

Kagan Poyraz

Kagan Poyraz

• In 1962 they established in Istanbul on the shores of Lake Küçükçekmece 1 MW TR-1 research reactor was started with the research in Turkey.

• Today, the Akkuyu in the work of a new nuclear power plants are underway.

Kagan Poyraz

Kagan Poyraz

NUCLEAR ENERGY AND ELECTRICITY

In America between the years 1995-2005, depending on the type of fuel used in electricity costs resulting table.

Kagan Poyraz

According to statements obtained from nuclear electricity is the cheapest and most expensive electricity when the truth are derived from petroleum.

Not on the table and after 2006 the situation is as follows; Cost of natural gas in the first place, took second place in oil. Ranks fourth in coal and nuclear third. As you can see the cheapest electricity is produced from nuclear.

Kagan Poyraz

TOPIC NUCLEAR HYDROLIC N.GAS COALPLANT AREA SMALL HIGH SMALL MIDDLE

INVESTMENT COST HIGH HIGH MIDDLE HIGH

ESTABLISHMENT PERIOD MIDDLE LONG SHORT MIDDLEPLANT LIFE 50 40 40 35

Expropriation LESS MUCH LESS MIDDLEELECTRICITY COSTS LOW HIGH LOW HIGH

FUEL COST LESS ZERO HIGH MIDDLEPOWER STRUCTURE HIGH MIDDLE MIDDLE MIDDLEForeign dependence LESS ZERO HIGH PARTLYGAS NO NO YES YES

CO2- NO NO MUCH MUCHNOx- NO NO MIDDLE MUCH

SO2- NO NO NO MUCHASH NO NO NO MUCHIMMIGRATION NO YES NO NO

AVERAGE 10 8 5 1

April 25, 1986 at Chernobyl in the same explosion occurred in the U.S. in 1979, but lived through containment structure prevented the spread of radiation into the environment.

Such protection does not exist in the Russian technology in the 100km-wide problem of radioactive pollution have emerged.

Kagan Poyraz

Kagan Poyraz

NUCLEAR PLANT BOMBS AS NUCLEAR BOMB?

• Like the atomic bomb a nuclear power plant likely to be an explosion of theoretical and practical as it is impossible. That is ZERO. Absolutely necessary for the formation of an atomic bomb is the two conditions which is never possible in nuclear power plants are not.

• 1. At least 90% of a fuel rich. (Nuclear power plant fuel, 1% - 5% is rich.)

• 2. Explosion of the prerequisites for "KINETIC ENERGY" There is no source at the plant.

Kagan Poyraz

• FRANCE 77%BELGIUM 58%UKRAINE 46%SWEDEN 44%JAPAN 34%GERMANY 31%USA 20%RUSSIA 15%INDIA 4%

Kagan Poyraz

NUCLEAR PRODUCTION ENERGY FOR SOME COUNTRIES

THANK YOU

Kagan Poyraz