By: Kayla Brooks

Mika Fengler

Alexandra Dorrell

• Steamboat• Sailing • Canal• Railroad

•Transport goods and people

• Built in New York 1825

• Link, east and west coast.

• Called Iron House

• First in 1869

Rising Industrialization in the Romantic Era

• Factories are found in the Northeast• Some inventions=

– Steel plow

– Reaper

– Telegraph

– Morse Code

• Spurred Social Change• Rapid growth=National pride and

self awareness

Moving Outwards and Advances in the Romanic Period

• 16 states eastward coast• As growth Americans began to direct control over

government. • Democratic advances= ONLY WHITE MEN• Gold Rush spurred growth to the west coast

Slavery in the Romantic Era

• North vs. South• Cotton Gin demanded

MORE slaves• 8 million-15 million slaves • 1840- underground

railroad• Civil war fought over

slavery• Lincoln

Types of Literature in the Romantic Period

• Short Stories• Novels• Folktales• Poems

•Speeches

•Sermons

•Diaries

•Essays

•Epistles

Romantic Authors• Do not particularly write about love

• Romantic, by definition, is having no basis in fact; a product of invention or exaggeration

• Most authors used imagination over reasoning and intuition over fact

Washington Irving (1783-1859)

• Born on April 3, 1783 in New York City around the Hudson River Valley

• Youngest of 11

• He wrote for a brother’s newspaper

• He went on a tour of Europe in 1804

• In 1807 he wrote the Salmagundi which is a collection of twenty essays about society of the day

William Bryant (1794-1878)

• Born on November 3, 1794 in Cummings• He attended Williams College in 1810 through

1811 then studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1815

• In 1825 he moved with his wife Frances Fairchild to New York City and became editor of the New York Review and later joined the Evening Post, a New York newspaper

• He wrote his finest poem, “Thanatopsis,” at age 17 • Some other famous works include “To a

Waterfowl,” “Green River,” and “The Yellow Violet”

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807-1882)

• Born in Portland, Maine• Attended Bowdoin College, which he later taught

at along with Harvard University• He wrote “Paul Revere’s Ride.”• He was famous for his ballads such as; The

Village of the Blacksmith, The Wreck of the Hesperus, Evangeline (1847), The Song of Hiawatha (1858) and the Courtship f Miles Standish

John Greenleaf Whittier (1807-1892)

• Born in 1807 in Haverhill, Massachusetts

• Fist poem – “The Exile’s Departure”

• First book – Legends of New England in Prose and Verse

• Best known poem – “ Maud Muller”

• He was a very emotional and sentimental writer

Culture

During the Romantic period, the United States signed the treaty for the Louisiana Purchase. This gave the United States the territory from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains. All of this land was Purchased from the French in 1803.

In 1814, the Star Spangled Banner was written. Francis Scott Key, wrote this poem after seeing the flag still standing at Fort McHenry. Later this poem was turned into a song and adapted to be the United States’ national anthem in 1931.

The electromagnetic telegraph was patented by Samuel F.B. Morse in 1837. This enabled the use of the Morse Code. The Morse Code was a way of conveying the alphabet through a combination of dots and lines.

In 1848, the California Gold Rush began. Gold was found in a mill in California. Soon people all over the world were traveling to California in hopes of striking gold.

In 1838, many Native Americans were forced by the United States government to travel the Trail of Tears. All of these Charokees had to walk from Georgia to Oklahoma. During this, conditions were terrible leaving about 4,000 dead.

Inner Feelings & Emotions

• Freedom of form• Self-expression, unique

personal feelings• Stories based on emotions

or human experiences• Questioning movements &

ideals-effects on human

Quest for Individual to Define Himself

• Subjectivity against rationalism & fixed genres

• Created own forms-mixed several genres

• Individual thinking

Imagination Over Reason

• Stories converted to myth• Transcendentalism, human

mind unlocking any mystery

• “tapped into universal truth through imagination”

Nature Inspires Man to High Ideals

• Direct revelation of truth• “living garment of God”• Viewed as good & kind compared to the

corruption of society• Used for theme/setting• Interested in dark side of nature• Appreciated wonders of nature

Interest In Past

• History major part in fiction• Inspiration for poems/stories• Mysterious, exotic, distant/far away• Middle Ages-folk songs, tales, understanding dreams

Characteristics of Writing

• Simile-two things are compared using like or as• Metaphor-comparison/characteristic is given to

something• Symbolism-word or image represents something more

than itself• Point of View-perspective of who is telling the story• Imagery-writing that forms a mental image • Irving-Devil & Tom Walker-uses omniscient 3rd person• “And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon

the floor”-The Raven, Edgar Allen Poe

WORKS CITED• Pinney, Roy. "slavery." Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia. 2008. Grolier Online. 22

Aug. 2008 <http://gme.grolier.com/cgi-bin/article?assetid=0268740-0>.• "Image:Cotton gin Harpers.jpg". Wikimedia Commons. August 20,2008

<http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Cotton_gin_harpers.jpg&imgrefurl=http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Cotton_gin_harpers.jpg&h=680&w=896&sz=111&hl=en&start=6&um=1&tbnid=P55wDdIQRevZaM:&tbnh=111&tbnw=146&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dcotton%2Bgin%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den>.

• Prentice Hall Literature: Timeless Voices, Timeless Themes: The American Experience. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education, Inc., 2004. 230-237.

WORKS CITED

• "Irving, Wahington". eLibrary. August, 19, 2008 <http://elibrary.bigchalk.com/libweb/elib/do/document?set=search&groupid=1&requestid=lib_standard&resultid=1&edition=&ts=D3657B3B89F68721ED4288294C1961BA_1219244740208&start=1&urn=urn%3Abigchalk%3AUS%3BBCLib%3Bdocument%3B88552001>.

• "Bryant, William Cullen". eLibrary. August, 19, 2008 <http://elibrary.bigchalk.com/libweb/elib/do/document?set=search&groupid=1&requestid=lib_standard&resultid=1&edition=&ts=D3657B3B89F68721ED4288294C1961BA_1219244899141&start=1&urn=urn%3Abigchalk%3AUS%3BBCLib%3Bdocument%3B121712339>.

• "Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth". eLibrary. August, 19, 2008 <http://elibrary.bigchalk.com/libweb/elib/do/document?set=search&groupid=1&requestid=lib_standard&resultid=1&edition=&ts=D3657B3B89F68721ED4288294C1961BA_1219245037274&start=1&urn=urn%3Abigchalk%3AUS%3BBCLib%3Bdocument%3B120309994>.

• “Whittier, John Greenleaf". eLibrary. August, 19, 2008 <http://elibrary.bigchalk.com/libweb/elib/do/document?set=search&groupid=1&requestid=lib_standard&resultid=1&edition=&ts=D3657B3B89F68721ED4288294C1961BA_1219245106593&start=1&urn=urn%3Abigchalk%3AUS%3BBCLib%3Bdocument%3B124731010>.