By Mrs. Suthimol Kessomboon Deputy Director General of Department of Drainage and Sewerage

Bangkok Metropolitan Administration

Water Quality Monitoring Program in Bangkok

• Bangkok : Area 1,568.74 km2 (Inner 266.77, Middle 426.20, Outer 875.77)

• Population : Register Population 5.69 million (2015) • Surface Water: Canal 1,682 canals Length 2,604 km • Chao Praya River 372 km (Total Length) Bangkok 35 km • Source of Water Supply to Bangkok and vicinity:

Upstream of Chao Praya River at Sam Lae,Pathum Thani • Water Consumption (2015) : 2.54 mil.m3/day

NONTHABURI

PATHUMTHANI

SAMUT PRAKAN

SAMUT SONGKRAM

BANGKOK

THAILAND BANGKOK MAP

• Major Sources of Wastewater 1. Domestic 75%

2. Industry 20% 3. Agriculture 5% • 300 Sampling Points in 165 major canals and 9

Sampling Points in Chao Praya River

75%

20%

5%

300 Sampling Points

• DO in major canals (mg/l)

Most of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) in major canals are very low (< 1 mg/l 121 sampling points). That’s effect to the living organism in the canals

• BOD in major canals (mg/l)

Most of Biochemical Oxygen Demanded (BOD) in major canals are around 15-55 mg/l (133 sampling points). That’s effect to the purposes of water use in Bangkok.

BOD (2016)

0-4 mg/l (5 points) >4-10 mg/l (69 points) 10-15 mg/l (93 points) 15-55 mg/l (133 points)

DO (2016)

>3 mg/l (70 points) 2-<3 mg/l (50 points) 1-<2 mg/l (59 points) <1 mg/l (121 points)

15 WWTPs in Future Plan Bangsue EECC 1. Year of operation : August 2014 2. Service Area: 20.7km2

3. Population 223,990 4. Capacity120,000m3/d

4 WWTPs Implementation 8 WWTPs under O&M

• Capacity 0.665 mil m3/d (Total Capacity 1.777 mil m3/d) • 71% of WW generation • Construction Cost 34,170 mil B • O&M Cost 485 mil. Baht/year (~13.65 mil. USD)

• Capacity 1.631 mil m3/d (Total Capacity 3.408 mil m3/d) • 96% of WW generation • Construction Cost 71,033 mil B • O&M Cost 1,190 mil. Baht/year (~33.48 mil. USD)

Wastewater 2.54 mil m3/d

Wastewater 2.54 mil m3/d

Future Wastewater 3.55 mil m3/d

Year 2015

Year 2022

Year 2040

• Capacity 1.112 mil m3/d • 45% of WW generation • Construction Cost 26,578 mil B • O&M Cost 612 mil. Baht/year (~17.22 mil. USD)

Remark : Exchange rate 35.542 Bath = 1 USD (November 2016)

“Polluter-Pay-Principle”

• Principle of Wastewater User Charge in Bangkok

2

3 4

5

6

7 8

1

Nong Khaem Bang Khae

Phasi Charoen

Tung Kru

Rat Burana Chom Thong

Pom Prap Sattru Phai Phra Nakhon

Samphanthawong

Chatuchak

Bangsue

Huai Khwang

Dindaeng Phaya Thai Dusit

Ratchathewi

Pathum Wan

Yannawa

Bang Kho Laem

Sathon

Bang Rak

No. of District 21

Area Coverage (m2) 212.74

1. Si Phraya WWTP

2. Rattanakosin WWTP

3. Chong Non Si WWTP

4. Nong Khaem WWTP

5. Tung Kru WWTP

6. Din Daeng WWTP

7. Chatu Chak WWTP

8. Bangsue EECC

1. Household > 10 𝐦𝟑/day

Fix cost = 30 Baht/month

2. Government Sector, Real Estate, Office, Religion Place, Foundation, Education Organization, Hospital and Clinic

• <500 𝐦𝟑/day = 500 Baht/month • 500 – 1,000 = 1,000 Baht/month • > 1,000 = 1,500 Baht/month

3. Hotel, Industry, Shopping Mall, and Department Store

80% × Water Supply ×4 Baht/𝐦𝟑

Database of water consumption from MWA

Collecting fee from households (Group 1) by BMA district officer

Group 2 and group 3 will be paid through BMA district office, MWA branch office and counter service or bank (alternative)

Punishment by BMA officer

Cost Recovery for Operation & Maintenance Cost

Cost Recovery for O & M plus Replacement Cost

Cost Recovery for O & M plus Capital Cost

Cost Recovery for includes all cost

9

-

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

2544 2545 2546 2547 2548 2549 2550 2551 2552 2553 2554 2555 2556 2557 2558

10.64 12.72 12.70 13.45 15.59 16.92 14.53 15.82 18.96 18.80 21.53 18.00 19.70 19.58 19.06 29.99 17.65 20.21 20.68 20.71 21.73 20.53 20.40 21.50 21.00 20.09 21.18 22.77 25.31 21.67

56.03 52.14 62.73

109.80 100.32 102.54 101.38 102.65 59.80 52.74 65.53 66.35 60.54

91.05 104.06

76.66

82.39 95.34 102.71 103.97 105.34

63.80 57.24 61.15 63.62 88.00

86.44 85.44 27.97

24.29 24.26 37.03 48.15 51.07

32.21 30.90

32.39 33.56

47.29

47.72 47.48

252.36 211.67 211.73 226.43

224.06

195.56 160.99 159.28

164.40

171.54 175.81

36.34 62.24 77.11

65.49

63.60

69.17 105.64 111.84

110.33

90.40 87.73

27.31

71.06

Mil

lio

n b

ah

t

สี่พระยา รตันโกสินทร ์ ชอ่งนนทรี หนองแขม ทุง่ครุ ดินแดง จตุจกัร บางซ่ือ Dindaeng

96.66 82.51

200.28

250.61

544.93 554.85 577.40 587.20

483.92 445.41

467.32 473.82 513.03

559.35

612.31

The Construction cost to the 8 WWTPs = 26,578 M.b. The Construction cost of WWTPs (2009 – 2015) = 6,449.58 M.b.

Sripraya Rattanakosin Chongnonsi Nongkhaem Tungkru Jatujak BangSue

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

10

1,2

31.2

2

615.6

1

369.3

7

1,2

31.6

6

615.8

3

369.5

0

1,2

75.5

2

637.7

6

382.6

6

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

100% 50% 30% 100% 50% 30% 100% 50% 30%

ปี 2556 ปี 2557 ปี 2558

Millio

n B

ah

t/year

Percentage of Willing To Pay in the Service Area

In the wastewater treatment Service area

of BMA from 2013 to 2015

2013 2014 2015

National Policy for wastewater tariff should be clear and unity for local authority to work in practical way.

Legal system to support wastewater tariff policy is necessary.

Wastewater tariff should be implement urgently in Bangkok because of financial condition of wastewater treatment project.

Unity of water authority in Thailand related to wastewater tariff is required

Thank You for Your Attention

•Classify 125 Community

in 8 districts

• Give Knowledge

• Improving water quality in the Canals by people in their communities

•Meeting & Discuss

• Improving water quality in the Canals by people in their communities

• Implementation

• Environmental social awareness Give information Good understanding

Learning by doing with 3,000 students at Bang sue