by: olga solleder-skorobogatova, itc date: 18 june 2012, geneva
DESCRIPTION
UNECE Committee on Trade 5 th Session Joint ITC-UNECE trade-needs-assessment study on Kazakhstan: major findings and key recommendations Regulatory and procedural barriers to trade (based on the enterprise survey on NTMs). By: Olga Solleder-Skorobogatova, ITC Date: 18 June 2012, Geneva. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
UNECE Committee on Trade 5th Session
Joint ITC-UNECE trade-needs-assessment study on Kazakhstan: major findings and key recommendations
Regulatory and procedural barriers to trade(based on the enterprise survey on NTMs)
By: Olga Solleder-Skorobogatova, ITCDate: 18 June 2012, Geneva
Plan
• ITC enterprise surveys on non-tariff measures (NTMs) and their implementation in Kazakhstan
• Preliminary survey results and their comparison to the results in other countries
• Recommendations
Country coverage of the NTM surveys
ITC NTM programme
Global methodology
…based on large-scale company level surveys
…representative by sector and company size
…adjusted to country-specific requirements
• Identify trade impediments faced by companies on product and partner country level.
• Enable companies to voice their concerns and needs regarding the identified problems and create dialogue among national stakeholders.
• Reinforce country capacity: survey and analysis implemented in collaboration with local specialists, after intensive training.
Project process
Country request
Stakeholder workshop - initiation
Training, survey of
enterprises
Analysis of the results; draft report
Stakeholder workshop - validation
Apr 2011 Nov 2011 Jan 2012 Sep 2012 Dec 2012
Kazakhstan: timeline
Survey methodology Kazakhstan: current coverage
Business register
Phone screening
In-depth face-to-face interviews
NTM cases and procedural
obstacles
800 companies
243 companies
28 companies
45 cases
…regulatory barriers in partner countries:
…regulatory barriers in Kazakhstan:
…regulatory and procedural barriers in transit countries:
… procedural barriers and problems with business environment at home and abroad:
“Uzbekistan introduced a new regulation requiring adding the details of Certificate of Origin into invoices, which should be done within one day. Before it was possible to have a single certificate for the entire shipment, currently it is necessary to do this for every part.”
“Kazakhstan Government Resolution about temporary prohibition to export sunflower oil due to the domestic deficit is an issue for our company.”
“While exporting beverages from Kazakhstan to partner country, Tajikistan, cargo is inspected in the transit country, Uzbekistan. The cargo is opened and some products are getting lost.” “Railroad transport: Insufficient rolling stock.”
Exporting and importing companies report…
Survey coverage: Companies
48%
21%
31%
Direction of trade (n=243)
1. Export2. Import3. Export and Import
52%
20%
28%
Company size (n=243)
SmallMediumLarge
Survey coverage: Sectors
14%
39%
1%1%
13%2%
16%
8%
2% 2% 4%
Export sectors
01. Fresh Food02. Processed Food03. Wood Products04. Textiles05. Chemical06. Leather Products07. Basic manu-factures08. Non-elec-tronic machinery
6%
8% 4%
27%
17%
17%
2%5%4%
2% 8% 1%
Import sectors
01. Fresh Food02. Processed Food03. Wood Products05. Chemical07. Basic manufactures08. Non-electronic machinery09. IT & Consumer elec-tronics10. Electronic Com-ponents11. Transport equipment12. Clothing
International comparison
Egypt
Jamaic
aKen
ya
Madag
asca
r
Mauriti
us
Morocc
o
Paragu
ayPeru
Rwanda
Urugua
y
Kazak
sthan
0%20%40%60%80%
43.8% 49.4%
75.4% 72.1%
44.0%56.5% 63.3%
50.3%
68.3% 65.3%
23.5%
Share of affected exporting companies: agriculture
Egypt
Jamaic
aKen
ya
Madag
asca
r
Mauriti
us
Morocc
o
Paragu
ayPeru
Rwanda
Urugua
y
Kazak
sthan
0%20%40%60%80%
34.3% 33.1%
74.3%63.8%
27.7% 30.7%
73.0%
39.6%
79.4%
49.5%
10.7%
Share of affected exporting companies: Manufacturing
Small companies are more affected in other countries. In Kazakhstan?
Small
Medium
Large
Total
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
14
2
5
21
30
21
31
82
Importing companies reporting obstacles
1. Yes 2. No
Small
Medium
Large
Total
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
10
5
7
22
37
31
39
107
Exporting companies reporting obstacles
1. Yes 2. No
Does Customs Union work?
Importing partner country Share in total export (2009)
No. of surveyed companies that export to this country
No. of surveyed companies that reported NTMs applied by this country
Share of affected companies among those exporting to this country
- Belarus 0.5% 2 0 0%
- Russian Federation 16.1% 10 1 10%
Customs Union average 16.6% 12 1 8%
World average 17 14 82%
Most reported regulatory issues
Partner countries on exports from Kazakhstan - Inspections- Quality control measures- Anticompetitive measures
Kazakhstan on imports- Charges and taxes- Conformity assessment
Kazakhstan on exports- Export certification- Export prohibition and licensing
Problems with business environment
Top issues in Kazakhstan- Limited transportation infrastructure- Time delays- Lack of human resources in agencies involved in export and import- Lack of access to information
Top issues in partner and transit countries- Time delays- Corruption- Low security level for persons and goods- Road blocks
• Regulatory barriers in partner countries:
• Procedural barriers in partner/transit countries:
• Regulatory barriers in Kazakhstan:
• Procedural barries in Kazakhstan:
Potential response to most reported issues:
• Addressing transit issues
• Enforcing existing agreements
• More predictable and less stringent regulation of exports, e.g. reduced number of certificates
• Regularising customs valuation for imports
• Removing red tape, especially intentional time delays
• Better railroad infrastructure
Preliminary reccommendations
For questions or comments please contact
Non-tariff measures: [email protected]
International Trade Centre (ITC)Palais des Nations
CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland
Fax: +41 (0)22 730 0577
Thank you!