by peony lam 11-07-2002 what expository writing is techniques used in expository writing
TRANSCRIPT
By
Peony Lam
11-07-2002
What Expository Writing is
Techniques used in Expository Writing
• Deal with facts
• May take one of the following forms:
Information
Report
Argument
Discussion
Persuasion
What form of Expository Writing would you have to produce?
•Vitamin pills: effective or not?
•Minutes of General Office Meeting
•The need to ban cigarette smoking in all public places
•Opening a small business
•A sales letter
Discussion
Report
Argument
Information
Persuasion
Techniques used in Expository Writing
Supporting statements with reasons and evidence
Organizing material by using comparison, contrast, classification, analogy.
Reasoning from cause to effect (argue that A causes B)
Using counter-argument (show the opposite points of view and convince the readers that they are wrong)
Giving reasons
List reasons in paragraph forms
Use connecting words
Put the most important reason last
Giving Reasons(Example)
Exercise is good for you. Why? Experts claim that, first of all, regular exercise helps you to relax. Secondly they say it takes your mind off whatever day-to day worries you might have. The most important reason, however, is that those who exercise on a regular basis live longer and happier lives.
Giving Details
Concrete examples
Figures or statistics
Personal experience
Competition for higher education in Hong Kong is very keen. Every year, there are more than 160,000 secondary school students fighting for a total of about 25,000 seats in form six classes. That means only 15 per cent of the form five graduates can continue their studies in form six.
Giving Details
(Examples)
Figures or statistics
Another thing you can do to start your business is to take an ordinary, everyday sort of product and change or improve it. Hamburgers, for example. There are so many bad hamburgers in the world that anyone who makes an honest burger with generous portions and fresh buns will never lack customers.
Giving Details
(Examples)
Concrete examples
Giving Details(Examples)
Biking can be great fun. .Unfortunately, many young people become reckless. Last week, I actually saw two students riding against the flow of traffic. Others like to speed risking their lives. According to government reports, accidents involving bicycle riders have increased by about 20 per cent over the previous year.
Experiences
Figures or statistics
Using ComparisonsThe Chinatown in San Francisco resembles Hong Kong in many ways: business among Chinese is conducted in Cantonese. There are also hawkers at the road side. If you go into one of the many Chinese restaurants, the interior décor will certainly strike you as familiar.
Classifying
There are three arguments for the preservation of wide-life. The first one carries the moral perspective that everything has a right to life. The second argument considers the extinction of wildlife and its effect on the economy. Finally the destruction of the ecological system is discussed in the third argument.The first argument put forward in defense of wild animals is a moral one …After the moral argument comes the economic one …Finally, the third argument for preserving the lives of wild animals is an ecological one …These, then, are the three most common arguments for the protection and preservation of wild animals.
Introduction
Body
Ending
The use of analogy (compare 2 similar cases)
I think it is feasible to have a sales tax in Hong Kong. Such a tax has proven successful in London, a city bearing strong resemblances to Hong Kong
Cause and EffectRecession
sales volume dropped
Made use of stars and the sun to calculate the direction
navigate the bodies of water easily
The facilities in the sports complex is the best
Many people use the facilities
Counter argumentComplain traffic conditions
no confidence in the government?Install expensive security cameras
shoplifting has declined ?Can’t ride a bike
not a good bus driver?Exhausted
stop eating big meals?The most highly sophisticated stereo equipment
told by manager
unrelated
unreliable
unrelated
unrelated
Not enough support
Bulletin Board Discussionso Read some articles related to the topics
o Organize your main points in a logical way
o State whether you agree/disagree with someone’s views
o Give reasons to support your views