by prof. lydia ayers. origin of music linked with sex music evolved from mating calls of birds and...
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by Prof. Lydia Ayers
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Origin of MusicLinked with Sex
• Music evolved from mating calls of birds and animals.
• <1:6> Bird calls and gibbon songs
http://www.enature.com/guides/birding_identify.asp
– <1:7> Doves in Bali – "reeds and gongs around their necks …"
NaturalistCharles Darwin
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Early Instruments
• The rhythm slowly came from the body and took up residence in:
wood metal and skin
bone
stone
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Early Instruments• 7700-9000 year-old red crane bone flutes
from burials at Jiahu, Henan Province, China
– Scientists believe the flute, second from bottom, is the world's oldest still-playable musical instrument.
– [i:3] Example using ancient Chinese folk song Xiao Bai Cai (Little Cabbage)
http://www.pubaf.bnl.gov/pr/bnlpr092299.html
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Types of Instruments
• Membranophones
• Idiophones
• Chordophones
• Aerophones
• Electronic
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Membranophones• Drums
• A membrane covers one or more openings in a hollow body.
• Striking causes the membrane to vibrate
• <8:01> Nez Perce, “War Dance” (Native American)
Native American drumshttp://www.southweststore.com/pgs/drum.html
http://sioux.org/traditional_dancer.htm
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<4:05> Pangut (Korea)
• Farmer's Band Music, performed at Korean Folk Village– Drums
• Puk (barrel drum)• Changgo (hour-glass drum)• Sogo (small frame drum)
– Gongs• Kkwaenggwari (small gong)
Changgo –
hour-glass drum
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Taiko (Japan)
• Drums
• <4:07> Za-kyo composed and performed by: Furyu-dagaku Matsuri Shu on Kyoyu http://www.taiko-center.co.jp/enshiwa.html
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African Drums
djembe bendirframe drum
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<7:3> Talking Drums
• African languages have high and low sounds
• drum language uses high and low tones to represent the words
talking drum
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Tabla (India)Ustad Alla Rakha
• <3:01> Ustad Alla Rakha plays basic tabla sounds in Ravi Shankar in Concert
• <3:03> [ii:29] Zakir Hussain and Ustad Alla Rakha, Tabla Duet, with Ustad Sultan Khan, Sarangi
Zakir Hussain &Zakir Hussain &Ustad Alla RakhaUstad Alla Rakha
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