c a l i f o r n i a e n e r g y c o m m i s s i o n california energy policy: zero net energy homes...

C A L I F O R N I A E N E R G Y C O M M I S S I O N

California Energy Policy:Zero Net Energy Homes in 2020

Martha Brook, P.E.

High Performance Buildings and Standards Development Office

California Energy Commission

June 28, 2011


Presentation Overview

CA ZNE Policies

ZNE Definition

ZNE Standards

Existing Buildings

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AB 32: CA Global Warming Solutions Act (2006)

• Reduce to 1990 levels by 2020Reduce to 1990 levels by 2020

• Reduce to 80% below 1990 levels by Reduce to 80% below 1990 levels by 20502050


California GHG Emissions546 Mtonne CO2e (2004)

Transportation42%

Buildings24%

Industrial25%

Agriculture6%

Other3%

GHG Reduction Share by Sector

Other14%

Cap & Trade21%

Transportation 36%

Electricity & Natural Gas 29%

Importance of Building Sector in GHG

solutions70% of this is residential &

commercial bldgs.


Why ZNE? A paradigm shift is needed.

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CA ZNE Policies

ZNE new homes by 2020

ZNE new commercial buildings by 2030

Reduce consumption by 40% in existing homes by 2020

50% of existing commercial buildings will be ZNE by 2030

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ZNE Definition

The societal value of energy consumed by the building over the course of a typical year is less than or equal to the societal value of the on-site renewable energy generated.

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ZNE Definition

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For a house, ZNE is achieved by a CA Whole House Home Energy Rating (HERS) of zero (or less)


ZNE Standards

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ENERGY BUDGET___________


ZNE Standards

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2013 Update (under development)• More insulation (+ R4 on walls and roof deck)• Better windows (U=0.32, SHGC=0.25)• Reduce infiltration with air sealing (4 ACH50)• Ventilative cooling (e.g. Whole House Fans)• Communicating T-stat• Reduce wasted hot water through better plumbing design• Stricter high efficacy lighting & vacancy sensor reqs.• Limited ability to use PVs for code compliance

- Prescriptive levels of efficiency must be met first

- Examples:• Large house size – energy budget cap @ 2500 sf.• Window orientation


ZNE Standards

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2017 Update• Increase envelope R-values• Thermal mass requirements• Further reduce wasted hot water (e.g. designed plumbing

systems)• More high efficacy lighting• Heating/Cooling fault detection reporting via communicating

T-stats• More options to use PV for code compliance• Third-party performance verification (HERS rating)


ZNE Standards

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2020 Update• Reduce infiltration (1 ACH50)• Thermal mass & solar targeting reqs. (e.g. “passive design”)• All high efficacy lighting• High efficiency HVAC (e.g. ductless heating & cooling

systems)• Central core water heating design with waste recovery• Solar thermal requirements• High efficiency appliances• Plug load management / home automation system• PV requirements• Cool pavements


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“Reach” Standards for Title 24

Voluntary Standard for additional energy efficiency & on-site renewable energy generation – written in code language

Similar approach as mandatory Title 24Mandatory & prescriptive measuresEnergy performance budgets based on building type and climate zone

Advanced Standard will become:New Construction targets for CA utility incentive programsFuture versions of Energy Chapter in Green Building StandardEnergy basis of green building codes adopted by local agencies

Advanced Standard will provide:List of measures that need field performance, market acceptance studies by PIER, IOU Emerging Technology & CASE programsList of measures for migration to mandatory Standards


ZNE & Existing Buildings

14Existing BuildingsExisting Buildings

ZNE



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ZNE Standards will be influenced from what works in existing buildings

Case studies of field performance and market acceptance occur in existing bldgs.

ZNE Standards will impact EE in existing buildings

Standards tends to “mainstream” technologies, which lowers costs for retrofitsUtilities look to technologies in Standards for measures to incent in existing bldgs.

Many ZNE Standards will apply to additions & alterations



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A Comprehensive Program to Improve the Efficiency of Existing Buildings

AB 758 (2009)


AB 758 MandateCalls for a comprehensive program to achieve energy savings in CA’s existing building stock

Calls for a complimentary portfolio of techniques, applications, and practices to improve the efficiency of buildings that fall significantly below current California Building Energy Efficiency Standards

Calls for CEC to develop and implement program in collaboration with all stakeholders


Public Awareness Campaign

Workforce Development

Financing Options

Energy Performance Rating Systems

Energy Performance Disclosures

Efficiency Recommendations

Efficiency Improvements

AB 758 Elements


Isn’t CA already doing this?IOU 2010-2012 energy efficiency programs for existing buildings ~ $2.5 B

California Building Energy Efficiency Standards applies to additions & alterations of existing buildings

California Long Term Energy Efficiency Strategic Plan (CPUC, 2008)

CA’s American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) funding ~ $740 M building efficiency upgrades


What’s new with AB 758?CEC given the authority to develop, adopt & implement regulations

Potential Rating Requirements

Potential Improvement Requirements

Long term, statewide programCEC using ARRA SEP programs to pilot key components of AB 758:

Increase Public AwarenessPursue Financing Solutions Pilot Rating ProgramsBuild Workforce


Phase 1: Infrastructure Development (2010 & 2011)

ARRA SEP Pilots

Current voluntary energy efficiency programs

AB 1103: Commercial building energy use disclosure regulations

Commercial building asset rating system development

Update HERS II if needed, based on pilot programs

AB 758 Timeline


Phase 2: Ratings & Disclosures (2012 & 2013)

Rulemaking(s) for rating disclosure regulations

Develop recommendations for mandatory improvements

Phase 3: Efficiency Improvements (2014 & …)

Rulemaking(s) for efficiency improvement regulations

AB 758 Timeline


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Residential Business-As-Usual Residential Economic Potential (REP) 2008 Title 24 + REP + ZNE by 2020

1990 GHG level70.9 MMT CO2e

5.4 MMT CO2eadditional emission

reductions necessary

2.1 MMT CO2e achieved by ZNE

Economic Efficiency Potential: 9.6 MMT CO2e reductions

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Achieving AB32 goals… Residential Sector Example


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Energy Conservation

““You can never get enough You can never get enough of what you don’t really needof what you don’t really need””

Conservation Ethic

Social Marketing

Education & Outreach

Facilitate with technology innovation & behavioral researchFeedback devicesCarbon calculators & games

Reward Conservation Heroes


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Residential Business-As-Usual Residential Economic Potential (REP)2008 Title 24 + REP + ZNE by 2020 ENERGY CONSERVATION

1990 GHG level70.9 MMT CO2e

"5 x 5" conservation yields

2.3 MMT CO2e emission reductions

Residential Sector Example

Revisiting AB32 goals…


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Zero Net Energy Homes in CA

c a l i f o r n i a e n e r g y c o m m i s s i o n california energy policy: zero net energy homes...

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