CLASS

#4Driver Operator Refresher Training

Operating Emergency VehiclesClass #4

Henderson Fire Department

Certified Driver Operator

Refresher Training

These guys aren’t busy !!!There’s always time to train !!

Course Objectives NFPA 1002 ,Standard on Fire Apparatus

Driver/Operator Professional Qualifications 2009 Edition

• 5.2.1 Produce effective hand or master streams, given the sources specified, so that the pump is engaged, all pressure control and vehicle safety devices are set, the rated flow of the nozzle is achieved and maintained, and the apparatus is continuously monitored for potential problems:

Course Objectives

NFPA 1002 ,Standard on Fire Apparatus Driver/Operator Professional Qualifications 2009 Edition

• 5.2.2* Pump a supply line of 65 mm (2½ in.) or larger, given a relay pumping evolution.

• 5.2.4 Supply water to fire sprinkler and standpipe systems

• 6.2.5 Deploy and operate an elevated master stream (Skyboom)

Pumping Skills

• Captains will evaluate Driver / Operators during pumping evolutions to produce effective fire streams.

Cab Work

• In cab procedure:• Spot apparatus appropriately

• Set parking brake

• Shift transmission to neutral

• Ensure engine at idle

• Engage pump

• Shift transmission to Drive

Panel Work

– After exiting cab:

• Chock wheels

• Open tank to pump valve

• Charge proper hand lines

• Develop and maintain adequate fire streams

• Set PRV or switch to pressure control mode

Panel Work

• Establish external water supply (hydrant hook-up with 2 ½ valve)

• Open Bleeder valve• Transition to hydrant supply• Close Bleeder valve• Isolate tank• Refill tank• Operate pump safely at all times

Hydraulics

• Ability to Apply Hydraulics– Fire ground hydraulics (estimate and rule of

thumb methods)– Proper use of HFD pump chart– Demonstrate an understanding of hydraulics

and principals governing hydraulics

• Driver / Operators must develop proper pressures within 10 psi

Pumping Operations

• Relay Pumping• Tandem Pumping• Dual Pumping• Sprinkler Systems• Standpipe Systems• Elevated Master Streams

Relay Pumping Defined

• Uses two or more engines to move water from a distant source.

• Engines operate in a series (discharge to intake).

• Function of the relay is to compensate for the pressure lost by friction, elevation or contours of the hose lay.

Relay Pumping Operations

• Source engine (engine at the water supply) establishes water supply.

• The source engine is connected to the relay engine discharge to intake with LDH.

• If LDH is not available multiple MDH (medium diameter hose lines 2.5” -3”) may be used.

Relay Pumping Operations

• When the relay engine is ready, the source engine slowly fills the supply lines.

• The relay engine waits with pump out of gear.

• Upon receiving water from the source engine, the relay engine needs to bleed off air in the lines through an unused discharge.

• The unused discharge can now be closed.

Relay Pumping Operations

• The source engine can now engage the pump and increase the engine discharge pressure to the required pressure.

• PRV is set to desired setting.

• Intake pressure relief valve is set for 10 psi above incoming pressure.

• This continues until water arrives at the attack engine.

• Communications are essential !!!

Relay Pumping Considerations

• Amount of water required at emergency scene

• Distance from water source to emergency scene

• Available equipment

Tandem Pumping Defined

• Short relay operation used when pressures higher than one engine is capable of supplying are required.

• Engines are connected in a series (discharge to intake)

Tandem Pumping Operations

• Source engine establishes water supply

• Connections are made discharge to intake between the source engine and the relay engine.

• Due to high pump discharge pressures MDH (2 ½” or 3”) should be used to accommodate these pressures.

Tandem Pumping Operations

• Engines should be as close as possible to prevent additional friction loss within the hose.

• Multiple hose-lines may be used to reduce friction loss enabling higher pressures to be produced.

• Communication between engines is essential.

Dual Pumping Defined

• Operation using one strong hydrant to supply two engines

• 2nd engine receives the excess water not being used by the primary engine.

Dual Pumping Operations

• The primary engine establishes a water supply

• Engines are then connected using LDH or MDH intake to intake.

• The primary engine then pumps the needed pressure to its attack lines.

Dual Pumping Operations

• The primary engine opens unused intake valve allowing the excess water to flow to the 2nd engine.

• Air is bleed off and water is introduced into the 2nd engine.

Dual Pumping Considerations

• Does the primary engine have excess available water to maintain operations for the 2nd engine?

• If not an additional water source should be considered.

Pumping Sprinkler &Standpipe Systems

• Spotting– Generally position as close as possible

to sprinkler connection

– Usually a hydrant is located near this connection

Pumping Sprinkler &Standpipe Systems

–Consider the collapse zone• Reverse out to safe water supply• Drop necessary tools and equipment for

connection and fire operations

–May need to give priority to other apparatus• Example - aerial apparatus require more

precise spotting than pumping apparatus

Pumping Sprinkler &Standpipe Systems

• Pumping Sprinkler Systems

–Connection–Two 3” lines–LDH - 5” - 2 1/2” 30 Degree Reducer

–Pressures–Pressures stamped on a plate next to FDC–HFD pump chart - Maintain 150psi

Pumping Sprinkler &Standpipe Systems

• Pumping Standpipe Systems

–Connections

• Use two 3” when connecting to support standpipe

– Higher pressures maybe needed

– Max pressure for 5” (185 psi)

– If one line is severed - 1 line will still supply crews on fire floor

Pumping Sprinkler &Standpipe Systems

• Pumping Standpipe Systems

–Pressures• Use HFD Pump Chart for Hydraulic

calculations–25 psi for Standpipes–5 psi per floor for elevation (-the 1st floor)–Know what hoselines are deployed on fire

floor –Pump required GPM - Communicate !–Don’t forget to add in FL from 3”

Elevated Master Stream

• Familiarization of Department Equipment and Apparatus– Skyboom

• Safety and emergency procedures• Knowledge of types of nozzles and effective

reach

• Setting up for the elevated stream– Spotting– Stabilization

Elevated Master Stream

• Pumping– Must have adequate water supply for

operations– Fireground Hydraulic Calculations

• Understand Friction Loss–Elevation–NP-Nozzle Pressure–Appliance

– Effective placement and reach

Summary

• Cab work

• Panel work

• Safety

• Ability to Apply Hydraulics

–Driver / Operators must develop proper pressures within 10 psi

Summary

• Relay pumping - extending water supply, LDH, engines operate in a series (discharge to intake).

• Tandem pumping - pressures required over capacity of one engine, LDH or multiple MDH depending on need, engines operate in a series (discharge to intake).

Summary• Dual pumping - sharing a strong

water source, LDH or MDH, engines connected intake to intake.

• Sprinkler Systems– Maintain 150 psi unless

• Standpipe Systems– Fireground Hydraulics

– Communication

• Elevated Master Streams