c ve 346 intro lecture 2013

7/29/2019 c Ve 346 Intro Lecture 2013

1/32

Transportation Engineering

CVE 346


2/32

Civil Engineering in

Transportation Physical work including design,

construction, maintenance

Systems engineering Planning, demand analysis, capacity and

operating analysis, design of traffic control

and strategies


3/32

Transportation Engineering

Application of technological and scientificprinciples to the planning, functional

design, operation, and management offacilities for any mode of transportation inorder to provide for the safe, rapid,

comfortable, convenient, economical, andenvironmentally compatible movement ofpeople and goods.


4/32

Major Act Shaping Americas

Tranx System Federal Aid Highway Act (FAHA), 1956

Authorization and appropriation of National System

of Interstate and Defense Highways Creation of Highway Trust Fund Series of road-user taxes to provide revenue

Taxes on motor fuels, vehicle purchases, motor oil,federal fuel tax


5/32

Interstate System
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Map_of_current_Interstates.svg


6/32

The Transportation System

Facilities Fleets

Operating Bases Organizations Operating Strategies


7/32

Facilities

Streets, Roads, Highways Railroads

Airports Pipelines, Canals


8/32

Fleets (& engineers concerns)

Automobiles, heavy goods vehicles Ships

Trains BusesAircraft


9/32
http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=image+of+semi+trucks&id=3163AAD4C686DC9D65B89C03922BB9BF9A27B084&FORM=IQFRBA


10/32

Transit

Buses, Streetcars,light rail, heavy rail,

commuter rail, etc


11/32

Air Transportation

Commercial Airlines,airfreight carriers, and

general aviation Airport multiple typesof transportationservices (airside and

landside)


12/32

Rail

Private railroadcompanies

AMTRAK Primary market isintercityfreightmostly bulk

cargo


13/32

Water Transportation

26,000 miles ofnavigable waterwaysin US

Typically barges,towboats on inlandwaterways

Large freighters,tankers at coastalports


14/32

Operating Strategies

Vehicle Routing Scheduling

Traffic Control


15/32

Organizations

United States Department ofTransportation

SecretaryFHWA

FTA

FRA

FAA

MARAD

Coast Guard


16/32

Highways

3.9 million miles including the InterstateSystem and the National Highway System


17/32

Transportation System &Challenges


18/32

Traffic Congestion

What is it? Simply when demand meetssupply

To curb it or mitigate it Travel demand techniques

System supply techniques


19/32

Tranx System

Travel demand on the system is increasingand producing lower speeds, higher lane

density, and higher numbers of vehiclesduring peak hour(s)


20/32

Traveling Tendencies

Driving AloneAverage vehicle occupancy (persons per

vehicle) been on steady declineApproximately 2% of all work trips made are

taken by public transit


21/32

Smarter Use of Signals

Actuated Signal ControlAdaptive Signal Control

Signal Coordination/ProgressionYellow Light triggers (Dilemma Zone

reduction)

Ramp Meters


22/32

Yellow Signal and the

Dilemma


23/32

Inductive Loop Detectors (ILD)


24/32

Ramp Metering


25/32

Traffic Safety

Most critical issue for designers andoperators of the system

supply demand


26/32

Transportation System Security

Bridges, TunnelsVehicles

General Facilities (ports, terminals,stations, etc)

General Monitoring


27/32

Sustainability in Transportation

Strategies to meet current needs withoutdenial of needed resources to future

Energy Issues Environmental Issues Technology Issues


28/32

Impacts to Transportation

Means the following for transportationsystem

Clean and quiet Efficient

Doesnt contribute to pollution and global

warming Uses nonrenewable resources wisely

Contributes positively to nations economy


29/32

ITS Definition

The application of advanced sensor,computer, electronics, and communication

technologies and management strategies--in an integrated manner--to increase thesafety and efficiency of the surface

transportation system.


30/32

Structure of the US National ITSArchitecture


31/32

ITS Components

Communications Backbone (radio, fiber optic network,microwave)

Traffic cameras

Traffic detectors Variable message signs (VMS) Highway Advisory Radio (HAR)

Road Weather Information Systems (RWIS) Traffic Management Centers (TMC) Closed loop traffic signal control


32/32

Cam View at RTE 1 and RTE 138

c ve 346 intro lecture 2013

Documents