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I am learning to understand the atomic structure

Atomic StructureAtomic Structure

Keywords:protons, neutrons, electrons, atomic

number, proton number, periodic table

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Keyword paragraph constructionKeyword paragraph construction

Use the keywords to create a paragraph

about what you think we are learning in

this lesson.

3mins3mins

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I am learning to understand the atomic structure

Outcomes:Outcomes: I will demonstrate I understand at Grade C byI will demonstrate I understand at Grade C by Label the sub-atomic particles in an atom.

State the charge of the sub- atomic particles in an atom.

Define atomic number (proton number).

Describe how the elements are ordered in the periodic table.Outcomes: I will demonstrate I understand at Grade A byOutcomes: I will demonstrate I understand at Grade A by Explain why atoms are electrically neutral.

Objectives:Objectives: I will understandI will understand That there are particles inside an atom.

That the number of protons equals the number of electrons in anatom.

That the atoms are arranged on the periodic table.

The relative charges on sub-atomic particles.

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The middle of an atom isThe middle of an atom is

called the nucleus.called the nucleus.

TRUE

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In an atom, the protons andIn an atom, the protons and

electrons are in the nucleus.electrons are in the nucleus.

FALSE only neutrons and

protons are in the nucleus.

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The atomic number gives theThe atomic number gives the

number of protons in annumber of protons in an

atom.atom.

TRUE

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The number of protons in anThe number of protons in anatom is equal to the numberatom is equal to the number

of electrons in that atom.of electrons in that atom.

TRUE

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The elements in the periodicThe elements in the periodic

table are arranged in ordertable are arranged in order

of atomic number.of atomic number.

TRUE

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The maximum numberThe maximum number

of electrons in the firstof electrons in the first

shell is 8.shell is 8.

FALSE it is 2.

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The atomic number is alsoThe atomic number is also

called the neutron number.called the neutron number.

FALSE it is called the proton

number.

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The charge on anThe charge on an

electron is zero.electron is zero.

FALSE an electron has a

charge of 1.

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Making compoundsMaking compounds

Elements combine to form compoundsthrough chemical reactions.

Iron and sulfur can combine to make ironsulfide.

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EquationsEquations

We usually write word or symbol

equationsto show the reactants and

products of a chemical reaction.

Wordequation

Iron + sulfur iron sulfide

Formulae Fe + S FeS

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Mass is conservedMass is conserved

The same atoms are present before andbefore and

afterafterthe reaction.

Fe + S FeS

Fe FeS S+

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Reactions of metalsReactions of metals

Some metals

react with

oxygen water

acids.

Reactants Products

Copper andoxygen

Copper oxide

Sodium andwater

Sodiumhydroxide and

hydrogenZinc andsulfuric acid

Zinc sulfateand hydrogen

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Displacement reactionsDisplacement reactions

More reactive metals can displace less

reactive metals from their oxides or push

them out of solution.

The morereactive metal

wins!

I l i d d h i

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Neutralisation reactionsNeutralisation reactions

Bases react with acids in a reaction called

neutralisation.

An alkali is a soluble base.

I l i t d t d th t i t t

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The periodic tableThe periodic table

We can identify patterns in chemical

reactions.

In the periodic table, elements with similar

properties are grouped together.

I l i t d t d th t i t t

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Three minute quizThree minute quiz

1 When potassium metal is added to water, itreacts until there is no more metal. Whathappened to the potassium atoms?

2 Complete this word equation: iron + oxygen ___3 What is the name of the salt made whenmagnesium reacts with sulfuric acid?4 Water has the formula H

2O. What does this

formula mean?

5 When copper metal is added to magnesiumsulfate solution, there is no reaction. But whenmagnesium metal is added to copper sulfatesolution there is a reaction. Why?

I l i t d t d th t i t t

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Answers!Answers!

1 They reacted with the water and made a newsubstance. The products of this reaction arepotassium hydroxide and hydrogen.

2 Iron oxide.

3 Magnesium sulfate.4 There are two atoms of hydrogen and one

atom of oxygen in each molecule of water.

5 Copper cant displace magnesium because it

is less reactive than magnesium. However,magnesium displaces copper because it ismore reactive than copper. This is adisplacement reaction.

I l i t d t d th t i t t

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What are atoms?What are atoms?

I l i t d t d th t i t t

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Atom diagramsAtom diagrams

I am learning to understand the atomic structure

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I am learning to understand the atomic structure

Thinking questionsThinking questions

1. What mostly makes up atoms?

2. What stops electrons whizzing off

into space?3. Which bit of the atom do you think

does the chemistry?

4. Which bit of an atom do you think

radioactivity comes from?

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AnswersAnswers

1. Space

2. The electrostatic force of attraction

between them and the nucleus3. Electrons more specifically the

outer shell electrons

4. The nucleus

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Little MendelevsLittle Mendelevs

You have 5 mins to group your elements

to demonstrate a pattern of some kind.

You will then be critiqued by your peers!

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Critiquing Little MendelevsCritiquing Little Mendelevs

Provide a mark out of 3 for each of the

following (3 being full marks)

Was a pattern observed?

Is the table clear and easy to read?

How original is the grouping?

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EXAM TIPS:

Know the relative masses and relative electric charges ofprotons, neutrons and electrons.

In an atom the number of electrons is equal to the number of

protons in the nucleus. The atom has no net electrical charge.

All atoms of a particular element have the same number ofprotons.

Atoms of different elements have different numbers of protons.

The total number of protons in an atom is called its atomic

number or proton number.

The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom is called its

mass number or nucleon number.

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I am learning to understand the atomic structure

Outcomes:Outcomes: I will demonstrate I understand at Grade C byI will demonstrate I understand at Grade C by Label the sub-atomic particles in an atom.

State the charge of the sub- atomic particles in an atom.

Define atomic number (proton number).

Describe how the elements are ordered in the periodic table.Outcomes: I will demonstrate I understand at Grade A byOutcomes: I will demonstrate I understand at Grade A by Explain why atoms are electrically neutral.

Objectives:Objectives: I will understandI will understand That there are particles inside an atom.

That the number of protons equals the number of electrons in anatom.

That the atoms are arranged on the periodic table.

The relative charges on sub-atomic particles.

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Summary notesSummary notes An atom has a nucleus, made of protons and neutrons, surrounded by

electrons.

Know the charge of proton (+), electron (-) and Neutron (0)

Know the relative mass of proton (1), neutron (1), and electron (0.0005)

In an atom the number of protons = number of electrons so the atom

has an no overall charge.

All atoms of a particular element have the same number of protons.

The total number of protons in an atom is called its atomic number or

proton number.

The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom is called the mass

number or nucleon number. Protons and neutrons are in the nucleus of the atom and electrons move

around the nucleus in energy .

Elements are arranged in order of their atomic number in the periodic

table.

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Check your understandingCheck your understanding

1. Name the three types of particles in atoms.2. What are the charges of the three particles?

3. How many electrons are there in the atom

arrangement?

ANSWERS:

1. Electrons, protons and neutrons

2. Negative, positive and neutral respectively

3. The same as the number of protons

CLICK AGAIN FOR THE ANSWERSCLICK AGAIN FOR THE ANSWERS

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Extra Notes

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What is the atomic number?What are the atomic numbers of these elements?

11

26

50

9

tin

iron

sodium

fluorine

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mass number = number of protons + number of neutrons

Whats the mass number?

What is the mass number of these atoms?

3227

3529

22

59

64

4

cobalt

copper

helium

NeutronsProtonsAtoms

Mass

number

iodine

germanium

53

32

74

41 73

127

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number of neutrons = mass number - number of protons

= mass number - atomic number

How many neutrons?

How many neutrons are there in these atoms?

3888

919

24

50

10

2

strontium

fluorine

helium

Atomic

number

Mass

numberAtoms Neutrons

zirconium

uranium

91

238

40

92 146

51

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g

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g

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g

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g

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g

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g

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