2) Detail Design Stage (Detail Piping Flexibility Study) At this design stage, piping flexibility study is made to check and finalize the layout of all piping, including reactions on equipment and pipe supports, with the selected vendor's print incorporated.

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2.2 Calculation Temperature

2.2.1 The most severe condition for piping flexibility shall be considered from both of the normal and occasional operations.

Design Guide for Thermal Stress Calculation

2.2.2 The calculation temperature used for flexibility calculation is determined by the following ;

DOC NO. : &MES-L-SD 0091 Issue : 0 1 Sheet No. 511 0

- For insulated and non-insulated lines : the maximum operating temperature of fluid - For steam traced lines : the maximum operating temperature of process fluid or 75% of saturated

temperature of steam, whichever is higher - For occasional operations : Start-up, steaming or such occasional temperatures - For normally no flow lines :Atmospheric temperature or elevated temperature when flowing, whichever

is more severe in flexibility for the connected piping system. However, in case of a short distance such as by-pass, the calculation temperature may be 75% of the maximum operating temperature.

- Unless otherwise specified in Project Specification, atmospheric temperature shall be 27.7 %.

2.3 Simplified Method

Simplified method specified in APPENDIX-1 shall be done in accordance with this paragraph.

2.3.1 For piping systems having a uniform size, no more than two points of fixation, or no intermediate restraints, the first check shall be done by the following equation ;

DxY ---------- 5 208.3 (2.3.1) (L - u)'

where : D = Outside diameter of pipe (mm) Y = Resultant of total displacement strains to be absorbed by the piping system (mm) L = Developed length of piping between anchors (m) U =Anchor distance, straight line between anchors (m)

If the piping system satisfies the above equation (2.3.1), no more analysis is required.

2.3.2 For piping systems which can not satisfy the above paragraph, thermal stress calculation shall be done in accordance with one of the following methods ;

- Kellogg simplified method - Grinnel simplified method - Tubetum

3.2 Reaction Forces and Moments

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Reactions to pressure vessels and tubular exchangers shall not exceed the limitations shown in APPENDIX-2. However, calculation resub shall be sent to equipment design group for further study in one of the following cases ; - D 2 100 (T+Tr) - d 2 0.5D

where: D = Shell outside diameter d = Nozzle outside diameter T = Wall thickness of shell Tr =Wall thickness of nozzle pad

3.2.2 For rotating equipment, all the loads including reactions due to the thermal expansion and contraction, dead loads, live loads and other sustained loads including those due to pressure shall be kept within the - following limitations, except where the manufacturer presents any other limitations ;

Design Guide for Thermal Stress Calculation

- Centriigal Pump - Turbine - Centrifugal Compressor - Air Fin Cooler

- Others

C. A. DOC NO. : &MES-L-SD 0091 Issue : 0 1 Sheet No. 811 0

: API 610 : NEMASM23 : NEMA times 1.85 : Manufacturer's Standard

(Preliminary API 661) : Manufacturer's Standard

3.2.3 Reactions to anchors and restraints shall be checked not to make overstress on supporting elements. All the data required for civil design and structural design shall be sent to each design group.

3.3 Disglacement Value

3.3.1 Movements at the specific locations of piping systems shall be checked to keep a clearance to the other piping, duct, equipment, structure, or etc. if clearance problems are involved.

3.3.2 Small branches not analyzed comprehensively with stiffer mains shall be checked by setting the expected linear and angular movements at the branch point.

3.3.3 Movements of intermediate restrains shall be checked not to make any conflict to support design.

3.3.4 In case where expansion joints, spring hangers, or other supporting devices are used to keep the adequate flexibility for piping systems, all data required for these design shall be specified on each data sheet, which covers the specific requirements for design.

3.4 Cold Sprinq

No cold spring shall be permitted for lines connected to rotating equipment without approval of the responsible engineer.