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THE CANADIAN ATLAS ONLINE ALBERTA – GRADE 4
www.canadiangeographic.ca/atlas
Calgary over 100 years Lesson Overview:
This lesson plan offers students the opportunity to investigate the differences
between Calgary in the early 1900s and Calgary in 2009, focusing on the changes in
people, economy, size, population. (This lesson may easily be adapted for different
cities.)
What did the city look like in 1910? What type of education system was in place?
What was the population? What natural resources did people rely on? How has the
economy changed over 100 years? What similarities exist between communities 100
years ago and today? What predictions can be made as to how the city will look in
100 years?
Students will participate in a teacher guided brainstorm to complete a Venn diagram
that illustrates the differences in Calgary in 1910 and now, as well as the similarities
between the two time frames. Students will then work to complete a collage that
illustrates the evolvement of Calgary over 100 years. Students will develop an
appreciation for the past and examine how respect is important to a community.
Students will be able to apply their knowledge of Calgary to make predictions of how
Alberta has changed over 100 years.
This lesson may be extended by having all the pictures quilted together, which would
also serve to show the connection between the past and the present. This lesson
may be modified by adding different sources for the students to use to come to
different conclusions, bringing in different art forms or music. It is possible to
challenge the more academic students by having them draw more complex
conclusions between Calgary in 1910 and Calgary now. These may include
connections to economic activity, city planning, and evolving populations.
Grade Level:
Social Studies Grade 4
Time Required:
Two classes to allow for effective brainstorm and illustration time. Time may be
extended if the project turns into a quilting activity or if more extensive research is
completed.
Curriculum Connection for Alberta Social Studies Grade 4:
Alberta Social Studies Grade 4
Link to the Canadian Atlas Online (CAOL):
www.canadiangeographic.ca/atlas/
Additional Resources, Materials, and Equipment Required:
• Student Activity Worksheets
“Calgary” Work Booklet
THE CANADIAN ATLAS ONLINE ALBERTA – GRADE 4
www.canadiangeographic.ca/atlas
“Calgary” Venn diagram
• Large chart paper
• Markers
• Blank paper
• Pencil crayons, crayons, markers
Additional Resources that may be used to guide students or to extend the lesson:
Calgary Economic Development. “Demographics.”
http://www.calgaryeconomicdevelopment.com/liveWorkPlay/Live/demographics.cfm
##ethnic_diversity
Calgary Economic Development. “History of Calgary.”
http://www.calgaryeconomicdevelopment.com/liveWorkPlay/Live/historyOfCalgary.cf
m
The Canadian Encyclopedia (in conjunction with the Youth Encyclopedia and
Maclean’s Magazine) has various entries on Calgary. Have students enter “Calgary”
into the search criteria. Ensure that “Youth Encyclopedia” and “Maclean’s Magazine”
are also selected.
http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/index.cfm?PgNm=TCESubjects&Params=A
1.
Main Objective:
Students will demonstrate an understanding and appreciation of how Calgary has
grown and changed economically, socially, and culturally over 100 years.
Learning Outcomes:
By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:
• Explain the economic, social and cultural dimensions of Calgary in the early
1900s.
• Explain the economic, social, and cultural dimensions of Calgary now.
• Evaluate the information presented and come to conclusions that explain the
differences and similarities in Calgary over 100 years.
• Use a variety of sources to draw connections between the past and present.
• Illustrate their understanding of Calgary in the past and in the present.
• Using learned knowledge, make predictions about the future of Calgary.
The Lesson
The Lesson
Teacher Activity Student Activity
Introduction Teacher introduces topic
by providing and reviewing
booklet with students.
Students engage in
reading of booklet
materials and respond to
questions.
Lesson Development Teacher directs class
brainstorm then guides
and prompts students with
questions. Teacher
instructs how to complete
*Students participate in
class brainstorm and
record answers on Venn
Diagrams. Students
review sources given
THE CANADIAN ATLAS ONLINE ALBERTA – GRADE 4
www.canadiangeographic.ca/atlas
the Venn Diagram; then
divides class into three
sections, each with one
portion of the Venn
Diagram.
them; then work in groups
to create
illustrations/writing
samples for each section
and link all illustrations
together.
Conclusion Teacher gives a summary
of finished collage,
reviewing key concepts
and subjects covered.
Students explain
significance of their
collage.
*Students will participate in a teacher-guided brainstorm to complete a Venn
diagram that illustrates the differences in Calgary in 1910 and now, as well as the
similarities between the two time frames. Students will then work to complete a
collage that illustrates the evolvement of Calgary over 100 years. Students will
develop an appreciation for the past and examine how respect is important to a
community. Students will be able to apply their knowledge of Calgary to make
predictions of how Alberta has changed over 100 years.
Lesson Extensions
This lesson may be extended by having all the pictures quilted together to show the
change in a city over 100 years. Students may also investigate online and print
sources to create their own Venn diagram before a whole-class one is completed.
This lesson may be extended by having all the pictures quilted together, which would
also serve to show the connection between the past and the present. This lesson
may be modified by adding different sources for the students to use to come to
different conclusions, bringing in different art forms or music. It is possible to
challenge the more academic students by having them draw more complex
conclusions between Calgary in 1910 and Calgary now. These may include
connections to economic activity, city planning, and evolving populations.
Assessment of Student Learning
Student illustrations may be evaluated using a rubric that outlines the criteria
(relation to the past or present, accurate illustration, etc.). Students may also
complete a journal response explaining their understanding of how Calgary has
changed over 100 years, or predicting changes that may occur in the next 100 years.
This will allow students to internalize the content in relation to themselves.
THE CANADIAN ATLAS ONLINE ALBERTA – GRADE 4
www.canadiangeographic.ca/atlas
STUDENT ACTIVITY WORKSHEETS
Downtown Calgary early 1900s
Downtown Calgary early 2000s
THE CANADIAN ATLAS ONLINE ALBERTA – GRADE 4
www.canadiangeographic.ca/atlas
Calgary Aerial View early 1900s
Calgary Aerial View early 2000s
THE CANADIAN ATLAS ONLINE ALBERTA – GRADE 4
www.canadiangeographic.ca/atlas
The city of Calgary is in south-central Alberta at 51°02'43" north latitude and 114°02'23"
west longitude. When the Canadian Pacific Railway reached the area in 1883, Calgary began to
grow into an important commercial and agricultural centre. Today, Calgary is the third-largest
civic municipality by population in Canada. As of the 2008 civic census, Calgary had a
population of 1 042 892iv. The oil and gas industry, agriculture and tourism are mainstays of
the economy. Calgary holds many annual festivals, including the Calgary Stampede. In 1988,
The City also played host to the XV Olympic Winter Games.
Calgary is situated at the junction of the Bow and Elbow rivers in an area of foothills and high
plains, approximately 80 kilometers (km) east of the Canadian Rocky Mountains. Average daily
temperatures range from 16°C in July to −9°C in January. The city is among the sunniest in
Canada, with 2 400 hours of annual sunshine on average.
Most residents rely on natural gas for space heating and domestic hot water. Most electricity is
generated by natural gas and coal. Calgary’s CTrains, however, are powered entirely with
electricity generated by 12 wind turbines in southern Alberta, offsetting 26 000 tonnes (t) of
carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions annually.
http://canmetenergy-canmetenergie.nrcan-
rncan.gc.ca/eng/buildings_communities/communities/publications/calgary.html
THE CANADIAN ATLAS ONLINE ALBERTA – GRADE 4
www.canadiangeographic.ca/atlas
Calgary
Originally established in 1875 as a fort by a contingent of the Northwest Mounted Police,
Calgary has grown from a frontier settlement to a world class city. The fort was named
Fort Calgary, after Calgary Bay on Scotland's Isle of Mull. When Canadian Pacific Railway
arrived in Calgary in 1883, the outlook of the settlement immediately improved.
Thousands of settlers, businessman and tourists flooded into the area. In 1894 Calgary
officially became a city. In the following years the population grew from 1,000 to 3,900.
See Calgary Quick Facts for more information.
After the arrival of the railway, the Dominion Government started leasing grazing land at
minimal cost (up to 100,000 acres for one cent per acre per year). As a result of this
policy, large ranching operations were established in the outlying country near Calgary.
Already a transportation and distribution hub, Calgary quickly became the center of
Canada's cattle marketing and meatpacking industries.
Between 1896 and 1914 settlers from all over the world poured into the area in response
to the offer of free "homestead" land. Agriculture and ranching became key components of
the local economy, shaping the future of Calgary for years to come. The world famous
Calgary Stampede, still held annually in July, grew from a small agricultural show and
rodeo started in 1912 by four wealthy ranchers to "the greatest outdoor show on earth."
Two major oil discoveries sealed Calgary's fate as the "oil and gas capital of Canada" and fueled the city's growth.
• The first occurred in 1914 in the Turner Valley area 30 miles south of Calgary • The second in 1947 at Imperial Oil's famous Leduc field near Edmonton
The economic booms and busts associated with an oil-based economy had a significant
impact on Calgary's development and character as a city. In the years leading up to the
deep recession of the early 1980s, politicians and businessmen diversified the economy in
an effort to minimize the impact of fluctuating oil prices and build a stronger economic
base for the future.
Although agriculture and the petroleum industry continue to play a significant role,
Calgary is now home to a wide range of companies involved in telecommunications,
environmental sciences, consulting engineering, food processing, finance and advanced
technologies.
http://www.calgarykiosk.ca/history.php
Schools in Calgary
Number of Schools in Calgary – 1910 Number of Schools in Calgary - 2009
12 – mostly one and two room schools
that taught grades one to twelve.
Around 350. There are elementary
schools, elementary/junior high schools,
junior high schools, and high schools.
There are also specialty schools like
French Immersion, Spanish Immersion,
Sports schools, and Fine Arts schools.