california energy commission pier program overview national renewable energy laboratory february...

CALIFORNIA ENERGY COMMISSION

PIER Program OverviewNational Renewable Energy Laboratory

February 2002

Terry Surles, Ph.D

California Energy Commission


Vision Statement

The future electrical system of California will provide a clean, abundant and affordable supply

tailored to the needs of “smart”, efficient customers and will be the best in the nation.

Tailored, clean, abundant, affordable supply

Smart, efficient customers


California has Established a $62M/yr Public Interest Energy Research Program (PIER)

California’s Energy Future

Economy:Affordable Solutions

Quality:Reliable and

AvailableEnvironment:

Protect and Enhance


Attributes for Addressing State Issues

Program Integration

Balanced Technology Portfolio-Temporal-Technology-Risk

TechnologyPartnerships- Universities- Industry- Federal

Focus onCalifornia- Specific to State needs


CEC/PIER is Starting to Work Effectively with DOE/EERE

Office of Building Technology long-term relationship in building systems LBNL is a critical contributor

Office of Power Technology reliability work has already produced systems in use by CAL/ISO interactions in geothermal and biomass technology activities new initiatives in distributed energy resources Collaborations in wind turbine technology and BIPV

Office of Industrial Technology DAS assisted in getting CEC “Industries of the Future” started co-lead technology fairs have been a hit


PIER Public Benefit Objectives

Improve energy cost/value

Improve environment, public health, and safety

Improve electricity reliability/quality/sufficiency

Strengthen the economy

Provide consumer choice


How We Got Here: History of CA Energy RD&D Programs

California has historically been a leader in energy innovations and advancements in science

Legislation in the early 1980’s mandated public interest research programs by California’s major investor-owned utilities

IOU RD&D programs were regulated by the CPUC and totaled about $120 million/yr. before deregulation in the mid-90’s

IOU RD&D programs declined precipitously in the mid-90’s


PIER Program Legislative History

AB 1890 (September 1996) established a new policy (Public Goods Charge) to support public interest energy research (PIER), renewable market support (CEC), and energy efficiency market support (CPUC)

SB 90 (November 1997) created the Public Interest Energy Research Trust Fund

AB 995/SB 1194 (September 2000) continued PIER program for another 10 years (through 2011) at $62.5 M/yr.


PIER Projects Related to Major Topics Funding (in millions)

Supply $82Renewables, EPAG

Demand $50Buildings, Ind/Ag/Water

System / Environment $47Strategic, Environmental


PIER Funding Overview:Mechanisms

Interagency/Intergovernmental agreements

Competitive and Programmatic solicitations

Sole-source contracts

Collaborative research with DOE, NYSERDA, GTI, EPRI, ASERTTI


PIER Research Partners


Our R&D Program Must Address FutureMarket Scenarios

Regulated

De-regulated

De-centralizedCentralized

Status Quo • New energy systems

• Same players

Supermarket of Choices

• Same energy systems

• New players


Given Our Limited Budget and California Characteristics,

We’re Not Going to... Build the next GCM or other large scale

models Work on Generation IV nuclear technologies Work on most Vision 21 coal technologies Duplicate other efforts well-funded by DOE,

EPRI and others Duplicate specific R&D already funded by

industry


Renewable Energy Affordability

Find new ways to reduce costs or increase efficiency Capable of providing peak power, or supply ancillary services

Reliability Demonstrate tools that predict resource availability and system

dispatchability Develop hybrid systems that improve reliability and

dispatchability

Safety and Power Quality Develop standardized interfaces, new control systems and

demonstrate new power conversion technologies

Environmental Benefits Increase utilization of waste materials in a clean manner


PowerLight Corporation Building-Integrated PV Roof System


Yolo County’s Bioreactor Landfill

Only 51 of California’s 3000 landfills generate electricity from landfill gas. Up until this project, it was too costly to generate electricity from many

landfills.

Yolo’s bioreactor approach significantly increases gas generation making landfill electricity generation competitive.


The Yolo County Success Accomplishments

Is opening the way for landfill gas electricity systems to be more widely used in California

• Accelerates gas production from over 30 years to less than 10 years, making landfill electricity more competitive

• Reduces volume of landfill which can extend landfill life by 20 percent

• Significantly reduces the chance for groundwater pollution from leachate release

Has become the leading bioreactor project within EPA’s XL Program and will strongly influence landfill regulations across the country

CEC’s Role Through the CEC’s R&D programs,

we’re bringing bioreactor technology from concept to reality

Control cell without bioreactor

Enhanced bioreactor cell


The Wind Turbine Company

Design, develop and demonstrate a utility-scale wind turbine

Horizontal axis, two-blade, downwind design

Prototype developed for PIER and tested at NREL rated at 250 kW

Commercial prototype demonstration sited at the Fairmont Reservoir in LADWP territory for a 500 kW - scaled up to 750 kW - wind turbine demonstration to begin in October 2001

Goal is to produce electricity $0.035 cents per kWh per 100 unit wind farms with wind resources 15 mph.


Environmentally-Preferred Advanced Generation

Advanced Turbine Generators Develop ultra-low NOx combustor and other advanced

control technologies Targeted microturbine development and

demonstration and testing

Fuel Cells Targeted fuel cell development Residential-scale fuel cell testing and development Fuel cell performance analysis tools


Gas Turbine Semi-Radiant Burner - Alzeta Corporation

Description: Gas turbine combustor that

allows fuel to be premixed with large quantities of air prior to combustion.

Benefits: Lower NOX emissions without

SCR; Cheaper than post-combustion

clean-up systems; Allows deployment of smaller

turbines for DG; and CEC is receiving royalties from

Alzeta


Buildings End-Use EfficiencyTechnology Development

Develop strategies and technologies to: reduce and manage loads; provide both energy efficiency and non-energy

benefits; and increase building value through energy efficiency.

Reduce overall building energy use by 25% by 2015 in both new and existing buildings


PIER Buildings Program HighlightsNight Breeze

Provides ventilation and cooling at night, reducing or eliminating the need for air conditioning during the day


Industrial/Agricultural/Water Demand Side Management Technologies

Reduce the energy required for water delivery, application and processing.

Improve manufacturing energy efficiency through process management, energy efficient technologies, and waste reduction.

Reduce the energy cost of disposing industrial and agricultural waste.

Reduce industrial, agricultural and water process energy costs through improved load management and metering technologies.


High Performance Fume Hood• reduces airflow and energy requirements by 30-50%

• flow reduction from each hood cuts energy costs by $1000/yr

• maintains or enhances worker safety

• ASHRAE standard test achieved containment with 70% flow reduction

• with 30,000 hoods in state, the new Hood could save about 360 million kWh/yr, totaling nearly $30 million


Energy-Related Environmental Research and Assessment

Environmental Research is needed to:

Reduce the air quality, land use, and the biological and water-related impacts of electricity generation, distribution and use in California

Understand global climate change

Develop a policy, regulatory and legal framework that minimizes the environmental impacts of energy use


Stakeholder Consultation


Climate Change Adaptation

Problem: California is unprepared for the likely physical, economic and societal disruptions of climate change


Avian Mortality

Problem: Avian electrocutions not only cause a significant number of deaths, but also result in 25% of all power outages equating to a $ 2 billion loss to the CA economy.

Pictured is an electrocuted golden eagle.


Integrated Electricity Systems Research

Reduce system vulnerability to earthquakes and other natural disasters

Test and improve distributed resources impact on system reliability

Real time pricing and demand-side responsiveness

Storage technologies

Develop better interconnection strategies, inverters and other system controls and predictive models

Power quality enhancements


Technical Support for DG Interconnection Standards

Reduces average cost of interconnection fees to consumers by 37%

Supports Rule 21 by resolving technical safety issues

Establishes technology & size neutral review process

Identified testing and certification requirements

Enables insertion of new generation (e.g. renewables) into the grid


Real Time Transmission Line Monitoring/Rating

• tension monitoring increases transmission capabilities by 15-30%

• highly accurate - measures line sagging to within 1-3 inches

• increased safety - provides the actual real time rating and provides alarms of impending clearance violations

• system 1-3 were built for utilities in Virginia, Colorado and Finland

• 200th system was sold on 8/4/00. The systems are in use on five continents by 70 utilities.


PIER Program Activities will be Designed to:

Maintain mid- and long-term programs that will contribute to long-term solutions to California’s electricity problems

Increase focus on short-term RD&D that will mitigate the current electricity crisis in California

Work with California industries to help them meet their electricity needs while remaining competitive

Develop environmental and safety information, measurement tools, and mitigation technologies that will help California meet its electricity needs with minimum negative impact to the environment

Be accountable for its program expenditures and establish quantitative, measurable goals that can be used to gauge the success of its programs

Serve as a clearinghouse for information about on-the-shelf technologies that can be used to quickly increase end-use energy efficiency and add to available electricity supply

california energy commission pier program overview national renewable energy laboratory february...

Documents

energy research pier

energy innovations

research programs

energy research trust

myr public

public health

continued pier program

s mandated public