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CALVIN J.WERNERGeneral Manager

Cadillac Motor Car DivisionGeneral Motors Corporation

Finish two ouerlapping bores at the same time?PRECISELV on a Heald Bore-matic!

"Chase boring" does it...a unique Healdtechnique that cuts machining time in halfon this Model 332A Slide Unit Bore-Matic.It precision finishes overlapping rotor boresin meter bodies...simultaneously.

In "chase boring", the right quill rapidtraverses through the workpiece to its startposition. Then both quills begin boringfrom left to right with the left quill "chas-ing" the right quill.

Major production gains stem fromsharply reduced idle time. A two-station fix-ture mounted on a cross slide lets the oper-

Circle 101 on Inquiry Card for more data

ator load one station while the machine isboring at the other.

This meter body family covers a widerange of sizes: bore spacing from 1.226"to 7.298"; bore size from 1.942" to11.546"; and bore length from 1.812" to12.508". Such flexibility makes "chaseboring" equally productive for other appli-cations like blower and diesel superchargerbodies. There's more about Slide Unit Bore-Matics in Catalog 2-25-3. Send for it. Whenit comes to profit-making production ideas,it pays to come to Heald.

THE HEALD MACHINE COMPANYAssociate of The Cincinnati Milling Machine Co.

Worcester, Mass. 01606

On target with

SPRINGFIELD, MASS. A fine hand gun. Fewprecision instruments must perform so flawlesslythrough so many cycles involving severe shock.Yet, Smith & Wesson, Inc. turns them out by thethousands, each gun a master blend of materials andcraftsmanship. And each a strong testimonial to the servicecapabilities of forged steel.

In Smith & Wesson guns there is zero room for malfunc-tion, hence zero room for a flawed or off-tolerance part. Andthere are comprehensive inspection and testing procedures forchecking out each part, as well as the assembled gun, for aservice life that is measured in decades and that often coversthe firing of well over 100,000 rounds.

S&W is extremely selective of their gun steel, much of whichcomes from Bethlehem. Internal soundness is a must for theguns' major operational parts. S&W orders carbon and alloysteels to special soundness and surface qualities, and they hot-forge them to attain maximum soundness and shock strength.In the S&W K-38 Masterpiece revolver, for example, the barreland cylinder are produced from 4140-grade alloy steel. Thehammer and trigger are forged from 1022-grade carbon andcase-hardened to increase wear resistance.

One of the 75 parts in a Model K-38, theintricate trigger is forged, machined,ground, and quenched and tempered. Thefamous "S&W blue" pattern is achievedby their unique process of carburizingin charred bone.

THIS "GUN" IS POWEREDWITH A TOOL STEEL PISTON -

LANTANA, FLA. The Arvin PoWerChiZel is an air-powered hammerthat cuts mufflers free from autoframes. The piston you see here de-livers up to 3,500 powerful strokesa minute. And it's made of ourBearcat Tool Steel (AISI Type S7).

Virtually every other possible steelwas tried without success, accordingto the manufacturer, FloridaPneumatic Mfg. Corp. Some didn'trespond uniformly to heat-treatment;others cracked. None gave adequateservice life.

Then they tried Bearcat, suppliedin j^-in. rounds that are ground to0.691-in. diam, air-hardened, anddrawn back to Re 56/58. In thewords of Florida Pneumatic presi-dent James O. Taylor,' 'Bearcat is the

only steel that does the job for us."It's hard to beat Bearcat for

strength and impact properties. Lookat these figures:

Charpy impact:224.6 ft-lb at Re 58

Ultimate tensile strength:300,000 psi min.

Ultimate compressive strength:600,000 psi min.

It will pay you to consider Bearcat,or one of Bethlehem's many othertool steels, when faced with perplex-ing component part problems. Writefor Booklet 2334, "Bethlehem ToolSteel Selector and Properties Guide.''

Bethlehem Steel Corporation, Beth-lehem, Pa. 18016. ±££n*.

BETHLEHEM STEEL STBETHI tHEM

EL

RUTGERS UNIVERSITY

LIPE makes the grade-

with GALION!Galion specifies Lipe Oil Spray Clutches on fourof its motor graders, and notes:

"You're miles and money ahead with theseconstant-mesh transmission models featuringseparate final drive and oil clutch. Famous forlow-cost maintenance, many of these modelshave been operated for thousands of hours with-out need for overhauling."

The Lipe Oil Spray Clutch takes the beating ofstop-and-go, inching, and shock loading. And, atthe same time, dissipates heat better, absorbs

and cushions jars and jolts, extends life of clutchand drive line components, reduces maintenancetime and cost.

They're made for all the tough jobs—fork lifts,refuse removal trucks, on-highway, off-highway,industrial, agricultural—as well as Galion Graders.

Find out more about the Lipe Oil Spray Clutchand how it smooths frequent, even high enginespeed, clutch engagements. Ask for brochure.Lipe-Rollway Corporation, 806 Emerson Avenue,Syracuse, New York 13201.

LIPE-ROLLWAyCircle 103 on Inquiry Card for more data AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRIES, January 15, 1968

AUTOMOTIVEIHPUSTRIESA C H I L T O N 0 P U B L I C A T I O N

VOL. 138, No. 2 P U B L I S H E D S E M I - M O N T H L Y January 15, 1968

COVER

Calvin J. Werner, Cad-illac general managerand GM vice presidentsays qual i ty controlhelped Cadillac to set

record sales in 1967

mama nsuas ness, me

Business PublicationAudit of Circulation

FEATURES

Producing Buick's 350-CID V-8

The well-known Buick V-8 engine plant has been retooled for the machin-ing of components of the current 350-CID V-8. Here is a look at themajor changes. 7

Cadillac Engine Production—Part I

Cadillac's new 472-cu in. V-8 is the biggest in the passenger car field.Producing it has created many changes. The engine machining depart-ment, for example, has 123 new machine tools. Page 61

N/C at Detroit Diesel

The author inspects a group of 46 N/C machines at Detroit Diesel Divi-sion, many of them the largest and most expensive on the market. Andthis is only the beginning. Page 65

Pressure Angle Increment

John Thornton, Applications Engineer for The Fellows Gear Shaper Co.,says that answers to many problems of the transmission designer havebeen found in closer attention to the gear-tooth root-fillet area. Page 69

Growing Inventory of LARCS

In addition to the LARC V and the LARC LX, the Army has added theLARC XV to its growing inventory of these multi-mission amphibiousvehicles. Page 72

Modes of Mobility—Part II

Here is the concluding installment (Part I appeared in Dec. 1 issue ofAI) of ATAC's Chief Scientist, E. N. Petrick's detailed study of the vari-ous methods of moving men and equipment. Page 75

Developments in Industrial Engines—Part I

Here is the first part of AI's annual report centered on recent develop-ments in the engines for industrial installations; it is based upon a surveyof 21 engine builders. Page 79

© Chitfm Company, 1968AT'TOMOTIVE INDUSTRIES Is a consolidation of The Automobile (weekly* and the Motor- Review (weekly) May 1902; Dealer and Repair-man (monthly) October 1903; The Automobile Magazine (monthly) July. 1907, and the Horseless Age (weekly), founded in 1895, May. 1918.EDITORIAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES, Chestnut and 56th Sts., Philadelphia, Pa. 19139. U. S. A. Cable address—Autoland, Philadelphia.

AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRIES, Published semi-monthly by Chilton Co., Chestnut and 56th Sts.. Phila., Pa. 19139. Controlled circulation postage paid at Philadelphia. Pa.Subscription price: To manufacturers in and suppliers to the automotive industries in the IT. S. and U. S. Possessions, $5.00 per year; $8.00 for 2 years; all others $10.00per year. Canada $15.00 per year; Foreign $30.00 per year. Air Parcel Post in the U. S. $;50.00 per year. Air Parcel Post, Foreign per year as follows; England or GreatBritain $77.00'; France $91.00; Italy $90.00; Germany $79.00; Spain $89.00; Japan $84.00 ; Australia $106.00; Mexico $61.00; Sweden $80.00; Israel $99.00; India $109.00; Canada$58.00. Other Foreign Air Parcel Post rates on request. Single copies Regular Issues $1.00; Statistical Issue and Products Guide Issue $3.00 each net. Construction and FarmEquipment Issue, International Issue, Machine Tool and Production Equipment Issue, National Auto Show Issues and Military Equipment Issue, $1.50 per copy net. Backissue prices on request.

AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRIES, January 15, 1968

Whychoosea face seal?Mechanical face seals can solve

problems a radial lip seal can't. . .as much as 1,000 psi and shaftspeeds up to 10,000 fpm.

Mechanical face seals can toler-ate greater off-center shaft condi-tions . . . they're superior in abra-sive environments . . . seal bothstatically and dynamically (includ-ing duo directional shaft rotationsand high-pressure reversals) . . .and seal a wide variety of mediaover a broad temperature range.

IPC mechanical face seals pro-vide the extra assurance of in-plantcontrol over metal stampings,springs and plastic or eiastomericmolding, as well as the final assem-bly.

One more reason why the OEMrelies on IPC.

PACKINGSOIL SEALSPRECISION MOLDING

©IPC15.8.17

INTERNATIONALCORPORATION

Dept. Al, Bristol, New HampshireI'd like to discuss a face seal appli-cation with my IPC representative

NAME

COMPANY

ADDRESS

CITY

TITLE

STATE

AUTOMOTIVEINDUSTRIESCONTENTS Continued

NEWS TOPICSU. S. Steel Displays Military Truck 19Werner Hails '67 Cadillac Records 21Oceanography Still a Puzzle . . . . 47VW's Semi-Automatic Transmission 50N. Y. Auto Show to Set Records . . 50Aluminum Records Seen in '68 . . . . 50Machine Tool Orders Still Off 90Battery Delays Electric Car 90AMC to Get Tax Refund 962 Cummins Engine Divisions 102W. G. Gordon Heads Studebaker . 102Pollution-Free Cars Possible . . . . 104

DEPARTMENTSCalendar 8Letters to the Editor 13Automotive News 19Industry Statistics 22News Features 47European Roundup 51Men in the News 53Editorial Page 55New Production Equipment 85New Automotive Products 87Manufacturers' News 92Free Technical Literature 100Advertisers' Index 108Advertisers' Products Guide

At Back of Issue

HARTLEY W. BARCLAY, Editor and PublisherJOHN F. PFEFFERAssistant Publisherand Business Editor

NORMAN M. LLOYDManaging Editor

EDITORIAL STAFF DETROIT ^JOSEPH GESCHELIN. Detroit Editor

Phone: 215, 748-2000 KENNETH G. ELLSWORTH. Regional New!Editor

CHARLES A. WEINERT, Engineering Editor W A S H ' N G T ° N p h o n e - 202 393-3474C. B. CAMPBELL, News Editor George H. Baker, Washington EditorWILLIAM J. BICKLEY, Materials Editor ?"d, Ch'e* of the Washington Bureau,,,„ ,„ l t _„ - . 1093 National Press Bldg., Washington, D. C.MARCUS AINSWORTH, Statistical Editor 20004HAROLD M. NELSON, Specifications Editor Neil R. Regeimbal Wash. News Editor

Daniel G. PenmngtonROBERT P. HOMER, Editorial Production Mgr. Phone: 703, 354-1100JUDITH M. MESERVE.Asst. Production Mgr. C. R. Wilhide, Defense/Space Editor

and Assistant Art Director LOS ANGELESHOWARD KOHLBRENNER, Art Director LONDONm°nd " ^ ' " "SHARON BUDDENDORF, Products Guide Editor DAVID SCOTT, European Correspondent

BUSINESS DEPARTMENT REGIONAL MANAGERSPh •• l i e 74«-Minn CHICAGO—Carl A. Zehner, 120 S. RiversidePhone. 215, 748-2000 p|a I a Chicago, Ml. 60406. Phone: 312, 782-1400

E. H. MILLER, Advertising Mgr. DETROIT—Thomas L. Pickrell, Boulevard WestBldg., 2990 West Grand Blvd., Detroit, Mich.

JAMES CADAGAN, Circulation Mgr. 48202. Phone: 313, 875-2090

JOHN H. KOFRON, Chilton Research Dir. PHILADELPHIA fn,d C X

N L E W Y P * K T N e ' 1 . o n D

W -Sieber, Chestnut & 56th Sts., Philadelphia, Pa.,

KENNETH D. LIPTON, Marketing Manager 19139. Phone 215, 748-2000; and 100 East 42ndSt., New York, N. Y. IMI7. Phone: 212, 697-

° V E RE S P^ESENTA!T IVES I N S CLEVELAND-George Kilbride, Suite 450, Invest-REPRESENTATIVES m e n t | n s u r a n c e ^ Bldg., 601 Rockwell Ave.,

DUSSELDORF-RATH—M. F. Holsinger Cleveland, Ohio, 44114. Phone 216, 781-2860Eitelstrasse 32 Phone: 632031 DALLAS—Harold E. Mott, 189 Meadows Bldg.,

LONDON S. W. #1—M. F. Holsinger Expressway at Milton, Dallas, Tex. 75206. Phone:67/68 Jermyn St St. James, TRA 6318 214, 363-6426

PA>n'SR «8rf pin?h-JrhaUdrOp>mn • Fl« . « « 7 7 S A N FRANCISCO-Frank W. McKeniie, 839MANCHEstER^-D'rGouldSn6- ' " " " "'" ^ " ' i V ^ B u M i n a a m 9 ' C a l i f - '«">• Phon<>:

Haletop, Wythen.hawe Clv j^Cjmtr . ^ ^ A N G E L E S _ L . H . j Q c k s o n _ , M 3 W e s , O l y m p . e

TOKYO C T Sakaguchi Blvd., Los Angeles, Calif. 90015. Phone: 213,CPO Box No. 1572 Phone: 211-3506-3509 387-1271

• • • HOLLYWOOD, FLORIDA—Frank A. Smith, 2419Classified Adv. Sales—William Prohovich Hollywood Blvd., Hollywood, Fla. 33021. Phone:

Philadelphia, Pa. 19139... .Phone: 215, 748-2000 305, 927-7829

All unsolicited and contributed articles submitted without advance approval by the editors are sententirely at the author's risk and the editors will not be responsible for safekeeping or prepaid postagereturn of such materials or photographs.

As part of its worldwide automotive and aviation news coverage AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRIES is servicedby United Press International and has editorial correspondents in major United States and Foreignindustrial centers.

(2) CHILTON COMPANY OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS (J)

Chairman of the Board: G. C. Buiby Treasurer: James MiadesPresident: R. E. McKenna Secretary: J. A. Montgomery, Jr.Executive Vice-President: G. T. Hook Other Directors: C. W. Hevner, T. J. Casper,Vice Presidents: L V. Rowlands, M. E. Cox, J. H. W. A. Barbour, R. S. Davidson, S. H. Collmann

Kofron, L. F. King, H. W. Barclay Asst. Secretary: I. C. HollowayFinancial Vice-President: Stanley Appleby

AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRIES is one of the Publications Owned by CHILTON COMPANY. Title registeredin U. S. Patent office. Executive Offices, Chestnut & 56th Sts., Philadelphia, Pa. 19139. U. S. A.


Metal...maybe?

UNlVERSl'iBRARY

Plastic...perhaps?

Precision is in the best position to help you decide

When question marks pop up in your materials thinking, get the answer from Precision. • Our modernplants can supply you with both custom metal die castings and molded plastics. That makes us absolutelyimpartial about which you should choose. You can bet our recommendation will be the one that will doyour job best and most economically. • Because we're a single source for plastic and metal componentsand combination metal/plastic assemblies, we can better help you assess the advantages and limitations ofboth materials. And we can give you an unbiased evaluation of techniques in terms of close tolerances, dimen-sional stability, impact strength and finishes. • In addition, paper work is reduced, production and qualitycontrol are coordinated and deliveries are faster. From the materials decision through the finest plating andfinishing facility in the industry, your job can be Precision all the way. • Want to know more about the prosand cons of metal die casting versus molded plastics? Write for our two informative booklets,/! New LookAt Die Castings and A New Look At Molded Plastics. P rec is ion C a s t i n g s C o m p a n y ,Division of Fulton Industries • Cleveland, Ohio 44111 • Fayetteville, N. Y. 13066 • Globe Imperial Division, Rockford, III. 61101 c

Four points make the great difference QUALITY SERVICE

AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRIES, January 15, 1968 Circle 104 on Inquiry Card for more data

We crossedwith a

and got a self-containedcharging system.


regulatorgenerator..That was five years ago—the first self-containedcharging system for heavy-duty vehicles. Now,thanks to miniaturized integrated circuitry,we have the first one for cars. We call it theDelcotron® Integral Charging System.

This revolutionary idea eliminates :

the traditional external regulator.Instead, the system voltage is con-trolled by a miniature integrated-circuit regulator within the generator.

Imagine! No separate regulator mount-ing. No external wiring between theregulator and generator. No voltageadjustments for the life of the unit. Noperiodic maintenance.

And the enclosed unit has greater shockresistance. This means higher reliability.

Watch for it. The new Delcotron IntegralCharging System—the first of its kind. It's beingintroduced to the industry as standardequipment on 1968 Pontiac Grand Prix models.

Division of General Motors • Anderson, Indiana

AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRIES, January 15, 1968 Circle 105 on Inquiry Card for more data

THIS IS AMPLEXOLOGY

\

Give us your partlike this...

I

We'll shew you howto save materials...and money

Material costs are rising sharply today. If you can eliminate costly waste, you'll save money.The Amplex powdered metal process may be the answer. Since Amplex parts are formedrather than machined, there is no waste. And higher volume means even greater savings.

Amplex value analysis can adapt the process to your parts as it did for the part shownabove. Originally these hubs were machined from bar stock, accounting for their round shape.Amplex value analysis showed that over 40% of the material could be saved by using a newdesign. An additional saving was realized when two other parts could be produced with onlyminor tooling changes.

These savings can make sense for you. See Sweet's Product Design Catalog, lOd-AM, orthe Yellow Pages for your nearest representative and stocking Oilite distributor, or write:Amplex Division, Chrysler Corporation, Detroit, Michigan 48232.

AMPLEX DIVISION CHRYSLERCORPORATION

CALENDAROF COMING SHOWS AND MEETINGS

Illlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll

Automotive Accessories Manu-facturers of America, 41st An-nual International AAMA Ex-position, Philadelphia CivicCenter, Philadelphia, Pa. Jan. 29-31

American Society for Metals,William Hunt Eisenmann(ASM) Conference on FailureAnalysis, Conrad Hilton Hotel,Chicago, 111 Jan. 30-Feb. 1

FEBRUARYSociety of the Plastics Industry,

Inc., Reinforced Plastics/Com-posites Division Conference,Shoreham Hotel, Washington,D.C Feb. 6-9

National Association of Engine &Boat Manufacturers, Inc. 1968NAEBM National Boat Show,Coliseum, New York, N.Y.

Feb. 10-18

National Farm Machinery Show,Kentucky Fair & ExpositionCenter, Louisville, Ky...Feb. 14-17

Chicago International AutomobileShow, International Amphi-theatre, Chicago, 111. Feb. 24-Mar. 3

MARCHAmerican Society for Abrasive

Methods, ASAM 7th AnnualNational Technical Conference,Sheraton Hotel, Philadelphia,Pa Mar. 10-12

American Society of MechanicalEngineers, ASME Gas TurbineDivision Meeting, ShorehamHotel, Washington, D.C. Mar. 17-21

Plant Engineering & MaintenanceShow & Conference, Civic Cen-ter, Philadelphia, Pa. . . Mar. 25-28

International Automobile Show,Coliseum, New York, N.Y.

Mar. 30-April 7

APRILAmerican Institute of Chemical

Engineers, 1968 AIChE Mate-rials Engineering/Sciences Ex-position, Sheraton Hotel, Phila-delphia, Pa April 1-4

American Society of Tool & Man-ufacturing Engineers, 20th An-nual ASTME Engineering Con-ference & Tool Exposition, CivicCenter, Philadelphia, Pa.

April 29-May 3

Circle 106 on Inquiry Card for more data AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRIES, January 15, 1968

The new high-performance clutch

is ready- Are you?Borg & Beck/Long recently developeda new two-plate clutch. Not for trucks.But for all of the high-performancecars that need a clutch to match. The400-plus C.I.D. engines that need ahigh-speed, low-inertia clutch. Thesleek low-profile body styles that needa smaller clutch housing. And for the"more fun to drive" sales image—asmaller clutch that operates smoothly,with surprisingly less pedal effort.

Where was this clutch a few yearsago when sales of high-performancecars really started to take off? A 10,000

rpm forerunner was being successfullydemonstrated by Borg & Beck/Long inthe winning cars at LeMans andSebring. And at Indianapolis, whereA. J. Foyt won in 1964 with a specialthree-plate clutch designed by ourengineers.

Now that the high-performanceclutch is here, take advantage of it.Get less facing wear at higher speeds.Lower warranty costs. Fewer bodydesign problems. And for housewiveswho suspect their sports-mindedhusbands aren't family minded, get a

First came LeMans.Sebring. Indianapolis.Then Borg & Beck/Longtook on all 400-plusC.I.D. engines withnew 2'plate clutches.And now they're ready.

softer pedaled clutch.The new Borg & Beck/Long clutch

is clearly superior to all the single-plate clutches currently used in high-performance cars. Including our ownsingle-plates. Our new two-plateclutch is ready right now to replaceany single-plate model.

Sounds like we're high on the highperformance clutch. Well, we are. Fora lot of good reasons. That's why thisclutch is now on test programs forseveral hot-model cars.

Is it on yours?

7Sv.;,..--» High-Performance 2-Plate Clutch

BORG& BECK/LONGBorg & Beck/Long Divisions, Borg-Warner Corporation • Dept. AA-8, 12501 Dequindre St., Detroit, Michigan 48212 • (313) 868-4600

Circle 107 on Inquiry Card for more dataBORG/WARNER

Looks trim.Trims costs.The insistent metalfrom Alcoa.

Indulge your Tiffany style on a tightbudget. You can . . . with aluminum.Aluminum that's anodized—a processperfected by Alcoa—has a surface ofhard, brilliant aluminum oxide (thematerial from which sapphire isformed). It checks corrosion. Can'tchip or peel. Stays show-off brightfor years.Aluminum can be colored in a brilliantspectrum, from flashing gold to a rich,ruby red. Not just the surface—butthe metal itself—so it won't scuffand wear thin.Aluminum can be textured by

mechanical finishing such as buffing,polishing or burnishing. Bright,reflective surfaces can be created bychemical bright dips; matte texturesby acid or alkaline etching. Like finejewelry, aluminum can be worked in amultitude of ways. It can be cast,rolled, drawn, extruded—virtually cutlike a diamond or rounded like a pearl.Aluminum accents the elegance offine cars, but it insists on doingpractical, everyday jobs just as well.That's why we call it the insistentmetal from Alcoa.

Change for the better withAlcoa® Aluminum 0ALCDA


Why do you suppose we keep the ball jointas simple as we can?

Have you ever seen an air hammerwork? Suppose you took an airhammer and sprayed in some sandand salt and water, then turned it onfor 24 hours a day for 6 solid months.And clunked it a few thousandtimes with rocks and gravel.

If you did this, you'd almostsimulate what happens to a ball jointduring the course of its life.

Naturally, all of the bounces and joint isn't one of the more beautifuljars and scrapes and grinds tend towear things out, knock them outof position, and quite generallycause havoc.

That's another of the reasons wedon't try to make a ball joint dosomething it isn't intended to do.

We keep it simple. And strong.And dependable. We'll admit a ball

aspects of a car. But it's simple.And it works. And that's the bestkind of engineering, isn't it?

TRW Michigan Division, TRWINC., Warren, Michigan 48093.

Looking for UNIFORM RESULTS?

With Ohio Steel Tubing you can count on the sameexcellent results order after order. Why? Because weare able to duplicate such features as good surface,dimensional accuracy, strength values, machinability,time after time by following proven manufacturing andinspection practices. To do it takes:

Experience. Ohio has it. Our master tubemakers possessthe hard-learned skills that come from undivided atten-tion to making quality steel tubing only. Every foot ofOhio Steel Tubing is the end-product of over half acentury of seamless tubing experience, over a quarter-century of welded tubing know-how.

Modern equipment. Ohio has it. Tools, equipment andprocesses are continuously improved as newer, betterdesigns become available. In many cases equipment isdesigned especially for Ohio.

Quality control. Ohio has it. At every single step ofmanufacture—right from purchasing of selected rawmaterials . . . through product processing . . . to shippingof finished Ohio Steel Tubing—quality control is themost stringent, most inflexible in our long history.

Tubing service. You get it when you specify qualityOhio Steel Tubing. Seamless to 7" OD, welded to IV2"OD. ««.*

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Products of OHIO SEAMLESS TUBE

Division ofCOPPERWELD STEEL COMPANY

SHELBY, OHIO 44875Birthplace of the seamless

steel tube industry in America

Representatives in principal cities


TO THEEDITOR

Readers' opinions or requests for additional information on material appearingin the editorial pages of AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRIES are invited for thiscolumn. No unsigned letters will be considered, but names will be withheldon request. Address Letters to the Editor, AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRIES, 56th &

Chestnut Sts., Philadelphia, Pa., 19139

ALLOY STEEL CHARTThank you for the advance copy

of the Alloy Steel Chart which wasforwarded to me at my new ad-dress. This is of great interest,not only to me, but also to othersat my new location who are morefamiliar with diesel-electric loco-motives and their components. Yetglancing down through your chart,there is some degrea of similaritybetween the components of thesetwo distinctly different products.

Your form of presentation is souseful for quick reference that wewould be glad to help prepare asimilar chart for high horsepowerdiesel engine components if thereis sufficient interest.

I will be looking forward to thefuture issue (January 1, 1968) ofyour magazine in which the finalchart will be published.

John J. MartinDiesel Engine Design Engrg.General Electric Co.Erie, Penna.

MILITARY ISSUEYou cannot know how deeply

impressed everyone was with yoursplendid December I issue. It hasreceived many warm and enthu-siastic comments from those towhom I have sent the copies whichyou kindly forwarded.

PLAUDITYour November 1 issue of AUTO-

MOTIVE INDUSTRIES proved to ex-tremely beneficial to those in ourengineering staff, particularly thearticle on page 69 entitled "Frank-fort Auto Show" by David Scott.

J. L. AvesianSpec Ass't, Tech. Info.Project ManagerGeneral Purpose VehiclesDepartment of the ArmyWarren, Mich.

AUTO COST FACTORSThank you for sending the draft

of the chart on cost factors in


automotive design and manufactur-ing.

This is a most interesting study.We would like to see the final copywhich was scheduled to appear inthe November 15 issue of AUTOMO-

TIVE INDUSTRIES. We want to con-sider whether this information canbe used in our efforts to bringabout reductions in Federal ex-penditures in nonessential pro-grams.

James F. SteinerDirector, Action Program

for Economy in Federal SpendingNational Economic Development

GroupChamber of Commerce of the U.S.Washington, D.C.

LEAD TIMEIn some issue during 1967,

AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRIES magazine

published an article describing theadvance planning and scheduling,design, tooling, and preparationfor putting a new model car intoproduction.

We would like tearsheets.Robert R. RennerVice PresidentCasco Products Corp.Bridgeport, Conn.

• We are happy to send you thearticle "Lead Time Practices" byour Detroit Editor, Joseph Ges-chelin—Ed.

MILITARY ISSUEWe are delighted with the re-

sponse to date of your publicationof Dr. Ernest Petrick's article,"Modes of Mobility", in your De-cember 1 issue of AUTOMOTIVE IN-

DUSTRIES. We have filled five re-quests for Fig. 1 in the article.

Dr. Petrick has received manyrequests for the article and wouldlike to know if reprints are avail-able.Don. H. BallInformation OfficerDepartment of the ArmyArmy Tank-Automotive CommandWarren, Mich.

The chairrecognizesyour wife

(she can have it for 1/3 off)

This time, bring her along onyour convention trip. We'lltake a full % off her regularJet Coach fare whereveryou're going. And with ourroutes, that could be justabout anywhere USA. CallTWA or ask your travelagent. (Note: we take off forEurope, too.)

1968P.A.S.-I.A.S.I. ShowLas VegasFeb. 22-24

•Service mark owned exclusively by Trans World Airlines. Inc.


13

Cowles Buff-Off does a beautiful job cleaningzinc-base die castings without pH control.

Cowles Buff-Off cleaning processesare designed to quickly and econom-ically remove both bar and liquidbuffing compounds from zinc-basedie castings and nonferrous metals.No need for pH control additions —because Buff-Off is heavily bufferedfor long life.

Buff-Off cleans effectively, eitheras a soak or an ultrasonic cleanerand on optimum or shortened clean-ing cycles. Applied in an alkaline

soak cleaning cycle with Cowlesspray cleaners, Soak 565, andanodic electro-cleaners, Buff-Offcleans beautifully without darken-ing or etching castings or contami-nating subsequent plating baths.

Buff-Off rinses free, but leaves aprotective film for long transfer pe-riods. A subsequent alkaline dipremoves the protective film com-pletely. The ultimate result is abright plated finish, free of streaks,

speckles, or haze.For technical assistance, call your

Cowles representative — or writetoday for bullet in describingprocesses for removing buffing com-pounds from zinc-basedie castings, steel,brass and aluminum.

The bright ideas in metalfinishing come fromCowles Chemical.

ChemicalCompany

CLEVELAND, OHIO 4412O

Circle 111 on Inquiry Card for «a»re data|

it A. O. Smith Corp

Two VERSON800 ton EccentricGear PressesForm ComplexFrame Parts

One of the complexautomobile frame componentsproduced onVerson presses atA. 0. Smith Corporation.

Got a tough job? . . . a complex job? Bring it to the Verson problemsolvers. Our specialty is the development of metal forming equipmentto answer your specific requirements, no matter how tough they are.For A. O. Smith Corporation in Milwaukee, the two 800 eccentric gearpresses shown above are just part of the array of equipment developedby Verson to help make the production of automobile frames moreefficient. Why not let us do the same for you. Call or write.

Originators and pioneers of allsteel stamping press construction

VERSON ALLSTEEL PRESS CO.9307 South Kenwood Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 6O619

Telex: O2-53444-NOSREV-CGO

MANUFACTURERS OF MECHANICAL AND HYDRAULIC PRESSES AND PRESS BRAKES • TRANSMAT PRESSES • IMPACT MACHINING PRESSESTOOLING • DIE CUSHIONS • VERSON-WHEELON HYDRAULIC PRESSES . HYDRAULIC SHEARS • PLASTICS MOLDING PRESSES


performance

proved . . .

7OOO times!

CONSTANT-MESHSPUR GEAR

2ND"j FORWARD

1ST FORWARD

TORQUECONVERTE!

HIGH OUTPUT GEAR

1ST

REVERSE

CONSTANT-MESH SPUR GEAR

Twin Disc's line of power - shifttransmissions in the 50 to 150 horse-power range has been successfullyused and widely accepted by original

equipment manufacturers in over 75separate applications throughout thefree world.

This converter-transmission pack-age employs an integral single-stage,rotating - housing torque converter,and includes hydraulically-actuatedduplex clutch packs typical of allTwin Disc power-shift transmissions.Twin Disc's simple countershaft de-sign and spur gear construction per-mit a selection of ratios (from .61:1overdrive to 6:1 reduction) to fitpractically any driveline requirement.Also, Twin Disc's engineering-salesgroup and warranty are available for

consultation and service practicallyanywhere in the world.

Machinery utilizing Twin DiscConverter-Transmision packages in-cludes: front-end loaders, sideloaders, fork lifts, cranes, shovels,road rollers, winches, tractors,graders, dump trucks, locomotives,drilling rigs and others, to total over7000 applications.

When you design or manufacturemachinery in the 50 to 150 hp, 3000rpm class, consider this proved solu-tion to your driveline problem.Chances are it has been solved be-fore, by Twin Disc.

T W I N DISC, INCORPORATED, Racine, WlSCOnSln Rockford Works, Rockford, Illinois • Branches

or Sales Engineering Offices: Cleveland a Dallas • Los Angeles • Newark • New Orleans • Seattle

FOREIGN SUBSIDIARIES AND AFFILIATES: British Twin Disc Ltd. - Rochester, Kent, England • Twin Disc International S.A. - Nivelles,Belgium • Twin Disc (Pacific) Pty. Ltd. - Sydney, Australia • Niigata Converter Co., Ltd. - Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan


Circle 114 on Inquiry Card for more data-

You'dappreciate themachinability ofE3&L bars if youhad to grind the

¥

You'dappreciate themachinabilityof B&L barsif you had togrind thetools.

Every time a gummy, mushy, pullingpiece of steel causes frequent tool grind-ing, it costs you money. Money youcould save by specifying B&L coldfinished bars. When that same tool-wrecking steel is cold drawn, it pro-duces a crisper structure which cutsmore freely, gives a much improvedfinish. The tools stand up better. But,don't get us wrong. We're not trying totake away your tool grinder's job. Justmake it easier. Next time, specify B&Lcold finished steel bars.

X

SPECIALISTS IN THE PRODUCTION OF COLD FINISHED STEEL BARS

LAUGH Li f>Jsteel co.

Division of Bliss & Laughlin industries ^ Executive Office: Oak Brook, III.

M I L L S :Buffalo • Cleveland • Detroit • Harvey, III. • Houston • Los Angeles

Mansfield, Mass. • Seattle • Mexico City

NEWSMilitary Truck in DebutU. S. Steel Used High-Strength Family

A new experimental military-typetruck was unveiled at the Societyof Automotive Engineers show inDetroit by United States Steel Corp.

The XM7621, a 2y2-ton off-high-way, 5-ton-on-highway version ofthe standard military personnel-cargo carrier was inspected by hun-dreds of engineers in Cobo Hall.Tests over 12,000 mi. show the six-wheel truck, fabricated of U. S.Steel's high-strength steels, to beone of the most mobile and toughvehicles of its type.

Tested in Nevada

Prior to its arrival in Detroit,the XM761 was put through allmanner of torture tests over sev-eral months at the Nevada Auto-motive Test Center, Carson City,Nev.

Testing was conducted on a 100-mi. course containing 79 obstaclesin mountain, desert and marshyterrain as well as on open high-ways.

In NATC Test Area No. 1, whichfeatures obstacle courses, where astandard truck achieved a 60% per-formance level, the XM761 rated a73% grade. In Test Area No. 2,


featuring sandslopes and sand hum-mocks, the XM761 accomplished89 % of the obstacles compared with67% for the standard truck.

In a bridging test, the independ-ently suspended rear wheels allowedthe XM761 to negotiate a gap of 36in. when empty and 39 in. when

loaded. The XM761 climbed a ver-tical step 20.5 in. high while empty,or 27% higher than a standard ve-hicle. Loaded, the test truck climbeda 19.5 in. high vertical step, 22%higher than the loaded standardvehicle.

Hail Automatic Transmission

Experts at the test center saiduse of an automatic transmission inthe XM761 enabled the vehicle tobe restarted on steep hills and tonegotiate obstacles at low speeds.

Soft-soil mobility of U. S. Steel Corp.'s XM761 experimental military truck is seenas it crosses shifting sands of Sand Mountain, Nev.

Unique mobility of the XM761 is shown as six-wheeler continues to move forwardalthough two driving wheels have lost contact with the ground.

XM761 negotiates rugged portion of "China Mine" obstacle course at NevadaAutomotive Test Center. Truck easily withstands wracking action.

Designed in early 1966, theXM761 was custom built in Detroit.It began its testing program in thespring of 1967. It will soon be pre-sented to the Army for evaluation.

The experimental truck was fab-ricated chiefly of USS TKI-TENsteel. The high-strength steel in3/16-in. thickness was used to formthe main frame of the cargo unitand cargo bed cross membersrather than 5/16-in. carbon steel.

The U. S. Steel designers elimi-nated structural framing in thetruck cab by constructing a mono-coque type unit of USS EX-TEN-50with each component acting as astructural member.

The XM761 has a wheelbase of129 in. with an over-all length of257 in. It is 95 in. wide and 93 in.high to the top of the windshield.It has a 49-in. front overhang tothe bumper. The cargo bed is 89%in. wide, 142 y2 in. long and 46 in.high.

Powered by a six cylinder 478-cu-in. in-line water-cooled multi-fuel Diesel with a compression ra-tio of 22:1, the truck has a maxi-mum speed of 52 mph at 3050 rpm.It develops 145 hp at 2800 rpm.

Six Forward SpeedsThe automatic transmission has

six forward and one reverse gears.The front suspension has standard,leaf type semi-elliptical springs.The rear suspension has two inde-pendent coil springs at each wheel.

"The experimental truck camethrough each of the tests with su-perior ratings and demonstrated amobility advantage not achieved be-fore in a standard military vehicleof its type," said Morris E. John-son, U. S. Steel's manager, truck,for automotive marketing.

(Turn to page 104, please)

20 AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRIES, January 15, 1968

CONTINUED NEWS

1967 Cadillac Records Hailed(Cover Story)

Quality control second to none inthe industry helped Cadillac MotorCar Div. to set record sales lastyear. Calvin J. Werner, Cadillacgeneral manager and General Mo-tors Corp. vice president, said do-mestic deliveries in 1967 totaled208,112. This surpassed by morethan 4% the former record of 198,-789 set in 1966.

Werner also disclosed the recordsales performance was accompaniedby a new high production total inCadillac's Clark St., Detroit, facili-ties. Cadillac production for thedomestic and export markets lastyear hit 213,161 cars to break the1966 record of 205,001.

Cadillac set sales records in eightof the 12 months of 1967.

Cadillac dealers, operating withlow inventories, wound up the yearwith December new car sales of18,838, compared with the record23,023 set a year ago.

Additional production accom-plishments in 1967 included thebest month in 65 years, October,when 23,408 Cadillacs were built.Also, during the week of October 9,a weekly production mark of 5918was posted. On March 30, an all-time high was achieved when 1036Cadillacs rolled off the assemblyline in a single day. CALVIN J. WERNER

Quality Control Hailed"Our quality control, the sales

momentum of Cadillac dealers, andoverwhelming appproval of the newmodels are among the reasons whywe see Cadillacs continuing the rec-ord-breaking performance in theyear ahead," Werner stated.

Fourth quarter domestic deliver-ies of 61,646 topped Cadillac's pre-vious best quarter in 1966 when60,394 Cadillacs were sold.

"The record-breaking fourthquarter is proof of what our qualitycontrol means to the fine car buyer,"Werner stated.

"Shortly after introduction ofthe 1968 models, Cadillac dealerssold an astonishing total of 9697cars in the September 21-30 salesperiod. Averaging 1077 units perselling day, this marked an all-timehigh Cadillac sales period.

"And in October, domestic deliv-eries totaling 22,072 established thedivision's best sales month in his-tory."

WERNER STARTED AS TOOLMAKER APPRENTICE

Calvin J. Werner, vice presi-dent of General Motors Corp. andgeneral manager of the CadillacMotor Car Div., was born in Day-ton, Ohio, August 27, 1907. Hewas appointed to his present po-sition September 1, 1966. He isalso a member of the GeneralMotors Administration Commit-tee and is on the Board of Re-gents of General Motors Institute.

He joined General MotorsDelco Div. June 6, 1923, as atoolmaker apprentice and coop-erative student of the DaytonCooperative High School. He con-tinued his training with Delco asa cooperative electrical engineer-ing student at the University ofCincinnati, and received his elec-trical engineering degree in June,1930.

Following graduation, Wernercontinued at Delco Products asan engineer and designer of elec-tric motor and control devices.In January, 1940, he was pro-moted to assistant chief engineerand earned the general man-ager's Gold Coin Award for out-standing service. He served aschief engineer for Delco from

1945 to 1951. Sixty-four U. S.patents, which cover many prod-ucts in current production weregranted as a result of his engi-neering efforts at Delco andMoraine.

He was promoted to manufac-turing manager of Delco Prod-ucts in October, 1951, and con-tinued in that capacity until hewas transferred to the MoraineProducts Div. January 1, 1955,as general manager. On Decem-ber 1, 1959, he was named gen-eral manager of the GMC Truck& Coach Div. where he serveduntil assuming his present posi-tion. He was elected a GM vicepresident on December 7, 1959.

Mr. Werner is a past presidentof Engineer's Club of Dayton;Fellow of the Institute of Electri-cal & Electronics Engineers, Inc.;life member of American Ord-nance Association and formerpresident of the Michigan Chap-ter; member of the Society ofAutomotive Engineers; memberof the board of trustees of theForemanship Foundation, and amember of both Tau Beta Pi andTau Kappa Nu.

AuTOMOTtvE INDUSTRIES, January 15,1968 21

INDUSTRY

STATISTICSBy MARCUS AINSWORTH, STATISTICAL EDITOR

WEEKLY U. S. MOTOR VEHICLE PRODUCTIONAs reported by the Automobile Manufacturers Association

Weeks Ending

MakeMonth ofDecember

Yetr-to-Oate

Dec. 30 Dec 23

PASSENGER CAR PRODUCTIONAmerican....HavelinRebelAmbassador.

Total—American Motors Corp.

ValiantBarracudaBelvedereFuryDartCoronetChargerPolaraChryslerImperial

1,1471,4531,5421,245

1,483686

4,3574,7952,9904,0611,7721,8905,510

302

5,387

1,837868

5,1775,4273,6125,1422,2102,1496,267

411

4,8735.4385,8165,014

21,181

8,6113,791

24,14326,44316,98423,3299,846

11,10229,8482,239

1967

63,29126,59588,53250,391

1966

85,107

122,03668,084

299,057*

100,84862,094

181,872265,284167,444208,19136,34285,403

240.71215,506

279,225*

134,68341,796

174,295289,676146,361239,45739,074

107,134255,487

17,653

Tctal—Chrysler Corp. .

FordFairlaneFalconMustangThunderbirdMercuryMontego-CometCougarLincoln

Total—Ford Motor Co..

ChevroletCorvetteChevelleCamaroChevy IICorvairPontfacTempestFirebirdOldsmobileToronadoF-85Bulck. . .RivieraSpecialCadillacEldorado

27,848

18,3167,798

3309,8302.0523,4582,2363,6131,338

33,100 156.336 1,363,696 1,445,616

21,0108,597

38510,5982,2113,6102,7723,9511,506

48,971

21,658448

6,3864,5082,987

3208,3755,2131,8865.828

4184,0136.096'

8123,7153.485

419

54,630

27,600562

7,9165,5084,674

40210,5546.7512,4387,294

5194,9977,478

9974.4454,377

525

Total—General Motors

Checker Motors

Total—Passenger Cars

76,567

99

96,437

127

87,70434,675

1,60848.3868.985

16,70610,75916,7606,038

231,621

107.5822,243

32,10621,44415,1701,563

41,54526,9959.581

28.9402,06920,06430,0503,982

18,16817,5022,964

381,088

516

699,356190,38333,527

394,48259.64096,30956,451131,74334,333

948,462304,659131,793580,76772,734153,680133,16548,01352,169

1,696,224 2,425,442

1,150,27223,778

375,831216,211135,88418,701

445,956288.924122,291277,91018,444

256,643336,36643,145194,355192,33920,822

4,117,871

5.822

1,431,02224,939

423,31794,426155,72673,362

481,591384,794

318,66737,420

237,982315,63948,073216,708198,7976.204

4,448,668

5,761

153.483 189,681 790,742 7.412.670 8,804.712

ChevroletGMCDodgeFord.FWDInternationalKaiser-JeepMackWhiteOther Trucks and Buses

Total—Trucks arid BusesTotal—Passenger Cars

Total—Motor Vehicles

TRUCK AND BUS PRODUCTION. . . . . . . 9,634 12,137 47,767

2,305 2,473 10,5193,371 4,112 18,2139,207 10,522 47,799

. . . . . . 13 15 952,488 3,182 12,7412,245 1,994 9,450240 340 1,325207 469 1,774144 180 720

29,854153,483

35,424189.681

150,403790,742

549,676130,659141,865452,253

1,251167,926116,74416,64124,6939.406

1,611,1147,412,670

621,354127,294153,139553,719

1,619170,38599,6241(,57932,42212,452

1,791,5878,604,712

183,337 225,105 941,145 9.023.784 10.396.299

*—Includes makes no longer in production,

1967 TRUCK TRAILER SHIPMENTS

Industry Division, Bureau of the Census

Ten Months

Type of TrailerVansTanksBulk commodity and dry materialPole and loggingPlatformLow-bed heavy haulers (over 10 ton)Dump trailers and dump chassisDollies or converter gearAll other trailers and chassis

Total—Complete Trailers & ChassisDetachable trailers1

Detachable trailer chassis1

October5.373

61333

1201,452

258279338137

8,6031,575CD)

Units49,0536,090

9901,148

13,5012,7992,5532,9882,140

81,26214,578

(D)

Value2

$266,04761,15110,6054,234

51,84514.57314,5864,9178.217

$436,17544,803(D)

1 —Sold separately. 2—Add 000.ID)—Withheld to avoid disclosure.

TRACTOR SHIPMENTS


WHEEL TYPE

Hp Ratings OctoberS-34 P.T.O. hp \ , „„

35 39 P.T.O. hp / 3 ' 8 7 8

40-49 P.T.O. hp 2,06650-59 P.T.O. hp 3,02860-69 P.T.O. hp 2.95070-89 P.T.O. hp 1 B „ .90-99 P.T.O. hp / B ' 1 1 0

100 P.T.O. hp and over 1,877

Total 19,909'

TRACKLAYING TYPE

Ten Months

196743.01722,41428,90624,222

72,746

17,075

1966

52,90929,82135,64930,75361,37316,330

208,3802 226.8353

20- 44 net engine hp45- 59 net engine hp60- 89 net engine hp90-199 net engine hp200 net engine hp and over.

Total.

320

816

1.136*

5.007

13.154

18,161s

7,319

17,107

24,426s

•— Valued at S69.940.0O0.2—Valued at $822,935,000.3— Valued at $841,495,000.

"—Valued at $17,614,000.s—Valued at $327,572,000.'—Valued at $418,245,000.

SHIPMENTS OF CRAWLER-TRACTOR

SHOVEL LOADERS


Ten Months

Hp Ratings20-89 net engine hp90 net engine hp and over

Total

'—Valued at $6,900,000.2—Valued at $107,175,000.

October388142

19673,8383.466

6,1694.021

5301 7.3042 10.1903

3—Valued at $133,649,000.

100 Million DriversLicensed drivers in the United

States now exceed 100 million; ac-cording to estimates released by theU.S. Bureau of Public Eoads.

The record total of 100,959,000drivers surpasses the total number

of U.S. inhabitants in 1915 whenthe population was 100,549,000.

The largest group of drivers isbetween the ages of 20 and 24,which accounts for 12% of the Na-tion's total. Drivers in the 25 to 29age group comprise 10.6% of the

total, followed by the 40 to 44 agegroup with 10.5%.

The District of Columbia has thehighest ratio of licensed drivers toregistered motor vehicles with 1.48drivers per vehicle. Massachusettsis second with a ratio of 1.28.


ENGINE FLYWHEELB

A Bendix starter drivewon't kick your flywheelin the teeth.This is the Bendix® Positork® starter drive. It offersperformance that's far superior to sprag-type designs,that's for sure. Positork's unique indexing abilityautomatically aligns its pinion teeth (A) with fly-wheel teeth (B). Only then does cranking action begin.After the engine fires, a unique separator mechanismautomatically disengages dentile clutch teeth (C) anddentile pinion teeth (D). There's no chance of damage

caused by prolonged high-speed pinion overrun.What about grease seals? Spline covers? Positork

doesn't need them. Price? Less than competitivemodels. Positork is for all your heavy-duty construc-tion equipment, large industrial engines and largeover-the-highway trucks, gasoline or diesel. For com-plete details, write: The Bendix Corporation, MotorComponents Division, Elmira, New York 14903.

Automotive

AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRIES, January 15, 1968 Circle 115 on Inquiry Card for more data 23

Circle 116 on Inquiry Card for more data >

Today, more thanever before...DSC dedicatedto customersatisfactionFrom the day of its founding in 1923, Detroit Steel hasbeen a dedicated company... dedicated to its originaldeclaration that "customer service is our No. 1 job."

Today, more than ever before, DSC people arededicated to that cause.

People DEDICATED to quality production . . . peopleDEDICATED to on-time delivery . . . people DEDICATED tocustomer service . . . people DEDICATED to you, thesteel-buying public.

Any way you look at DSC—facilities, products or per-sonnel—you'll see constant improvement, ever con-sistent dedication. And that's the way it's going to be.

For this is America's DEDICATED STEEL COMPANY.

Whatever yourproduct needs...make DSC your sourcefor quality steel

DSC offers a wide range of quality steelproducts to meet your everyday needs.When unusual production problemsarise, our dedicated metallurgical andproduct specialists are available to helpwith their solution. Call your nearest DSCrepresentative or write Detroit SteelCorporation, P. 0. Box 7508, Detroit,Michigan 48209.

THE DEDICATED STEEL COMPANYDETROIT STEEL CORPORATION

You can AUTOMATE these jobs betterwith a Bokumatic Recess Tool Holder

• Only Recess Tool Holder available with quick-changeadaptor.

• Quick-change adaptor allows cutting tool to be pre-setwithout removing tool holder from machine and alsopermits machining of recesses up to 7" in diameter.

• Cutting tools in special quick-change adaptors can bedesigned to be offset as much as three inches. This per-mits savings of as much as 80% over competitive"on center" or "limited offset" tools.

• Cutting tools are circular form or radial relieved with220° of tool life.

All Bokum cutting tools have straight shanks, thus sav-ing $10.00 to $12.00 on each perishable tool.

Even if users already have other recess holders, thecost savings from approximately 12 of our cutting tools,allow them to get a Bokumatic recess holder FREE.

Replaceable tool-holder shanks are located by twopilots for positive concentricity.

Holder actuated by two Vi" diameter cam pins 180°apart for smooth, free recessing.

Cam pins accessible for easy replacement.

Write for Catalog Section "D".

BOKUM TOOL COMPANY, INC.

32301 DEQUINORE ROADMADISON HTS., MICH. 48071

Circle 117 on Inquiry Card for more dataAUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRIES, January 15, 1968

Allen-Bradley can handleall of your motor control needs-

so complete!

• The variety of Allen-Bradley controls adds up to many thou-sands—virtually every operating requirement can be satisfied. Along, trouble free operating life is "standard" with each of theseitems of control. The units described here are but a few of themore commonly used A-B controls. Our Handy Catalog is chuckfull of control information. Please permit us to send it to you.Allen-Bradley Co., 1324 S. Second Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin53204. In Canada: Allen-Bradley Canada Limited. Export Office:630 Third Avenue, New York, New York, U.S.A. 10017.

BULLETIN 709across-the-line magneticstarters feature a solenoiddesign with only one mov-ing part. It's so simple andrugged, nothing can gowrong. Millions of depend-able operations are as-sured. Available in sevenratings from Size 00 to Size5 rated 100 hp, 240 v; 200hp, 480-600 v. Also avail-able as reversing, multi-speed, and combinationstarters.

•SB

BULLETIN 802T oiltight limit switches have both operatingmechanism and operating heads sealed against oil. Silvercontacts are good for many, many millions of operations. Canbe supplied with various actuating means, contact arrange-ments, mountings, including plug-in units. Also available inNEMA Type 4 watertight and NEMA Type 7 hazardouslocation enclosures.

BULLETIN 800 standard duty push buttons have contactsmounted in molded wrap-around cover. When removed,terminals are completely exposed for instant wiring. A matterof seconds will change selector switch from 2 to 3 position(or vice versa). Furnished with one, two, or three pushbuttons, or a selector switch. Pilot lights also available.

BULLETIN 700 control relays, also having only one movingpart solenoid design, likewise guarantee millions of troublefree operations. Silver contacts are maintenance free. Thepressure molded coils successfully resist damage by themost corrosive atmospheres. You have the advantage ofbeing able to choose from many types of Allen-Bradley relaysto satisfy your own particular requirements. Available alsofor d.c. operation.

BULLETIN 800T oiltight control stations have enclosuresand control units sealed against oil. A wide selection of con-trol units and accessories will satisfy your every need. Castaluminum enclosures available for up to 16 units. Sturdysheet metal enclosures are used to accommodate largernumbers of control units.

BULLETIN 350 manual reversingdrum switches are for startingand reversing motors up to 2 hp.Removal of wrap-around cover ex-poses terminals for easy wiring.Easy changeover from "springreturn" to "maintained contactoperation," or vice versa. TheBulletin 350 will provide extrasales appeal for any machine onwhich it is mounted.

BULLETIN 1492 terminal blocks feature the Style C, 600 volt blocks, and theStyle F, 300 volt blocks. All mount on the same channel. Made of tough whitenylon and available with a variety of terminals. Blocks can be furnished intimesaving factory assembled 6-foot lengths. Just count off the number ofblocks needed, and snap them off. Channel breaks cleanly without sawingor filing.

ALLEN-BRADLEYQ U A L I T Y

Circle 118 on Inquiry Card for more dataM O T O R C O N T R O L

high strength steel bars...

at J. I. Case, it takes La Salies big fourSTRESSPROOF®, FATIGUE-PROOF®, " e . t . d . " 150® a n d

"e.t.d." 180® are La Salle's big four high strengthspecialty steel bars.

J. I. Case uses them all to meet differentstrength requirements in parts for a variety oftractors. Guts-and-go tractors by Case demandstrong, long-wearing, reliable components.

La Salle's big four deliver parts with charac-teristics that live up to heavy-duty service, yet

keep finished part production costs low. All fourhave different strength levels. Problems of heattreating are eliminated.

All have exceptional uniformity, are low inresidual stresses and offer minimum warpage.Distinct advantages if you're looking for partsproduction with lower costs, better quality.That's what Case gets from La Salle's big four.You can, too. Test them. You'll see.

Available From Leading Steel Service Centers.

FATIGUE-PROOF'- Rollershafts used for Case 1000

fiHHT Series D crawler tracks.'.TRESSPROOF'"'" — Studs for Extra strength in genet-km I teat wheel option on ally unhardened shaftCase 430 and 5JQ tractors ends. Eliminate through-and on backhoes. Strength hardening of former matewithout heat treat, plus fast rial C 1045. Minimuimachining. Yir'd 7 00,000 125,000 psi yield, Re ipsi minimum in the bar. hardness in the bar.

'e.t.d." 150 "•—Power take-off and hydraulic drive cshafts for Case 930 trac-tors. Desired strengthwithout heat treat. Exactdimensional control. Goodexample of Case qualityengineering. Minimum of

) 130,000 psi yield, Re 32hardness in the bar.

'e.t.d." 180*—Power take-off and hydraulic driveshafts used on big,ruggedCase 1030 tractors.Enough strength tomeasure up—withoutheat treat. 165,000 ps,minimum yield ant

? Re 38 minimunhardness in the bar.

Name_

Company.

Address.

City

LaSalle SteelCOLD-FINISHED STEEL BARS1438-150th St., Hammond, Ind. 46320East: Keystone Drawn Steel CompanySpring City, PennsylvaniaPlease send Bulletin 34 on STRESSPROOF®,FATIGUE-PROOF®, "e.t.d." 150® and "e.t.d." 180®.

_Title_

_State_ _Zip_


Why. is Bendix so fanatical abouttesting brake and steering products?These five reasons:1. To make certain that each andevery product works to fullspecification before we offerit to you.2. To give you better value.3. To assure both you and ourselvesthat no potential problem areais overlooked.4. To develop new products andadvanced systems.5. To try out new ideas for yourfuture use.

Every brake and steering product istested and re-tested to make surethat problems are left on thedrawing board. Bendix test facilitiesare unique among automotivesuppliers. A 625-acre AutomotiveDevelopment Center with a 3-mile-high speed track, plus skid pad andcross-country roads. A quadrupleinertia dynamometer with fullyautomatic computer control fromeither punched or magnetic tape.

A full-time mountain test station inthe Alleghenies. A test fleet of allAmerican standard passenger cars,plus varied trucks, trailers andoff-highway vehicles. Two fullyinstrumented, articulated mobiletest laboratories. And much, muchmore. All operated by technicallyqualified personnel with bothknowledge and experience.

We invite you to inspect ourfacilities—see our tests. Then you'llunderstand why we say that thename Bendix on the automotivepart means quality performance eachand every time. Brake & SteeringDivision, The Bendix Corporation,South Bend, Indiana 46620.

Bendix

Automotive

testingCircle 120 on Inquiry Card for more data

Design for self-contained Mobile Fire Station,featuring rear engine, front and rear steeringand four wheel drive. Courtesy ofIndustrial Design Department, University of Cincinnati.

For over 60 years, Perfect Circle invention and innovation

have helped keep America moving.

Today, Perfect Circle compression systems technology

-encompassing piston rings, valves, pistons and sleeves—

can help you carry out your designs for the engines of tomorrow.

For more information write: Dana Corporation, Dept. 86, Toledo, Ohio 43601. Circle 121 on Inquiry Card for more d«t

DANA

P E R F E C T C I R C L E • C O N - V E L • P A R I S H • S P I C E R • V I C T O R

load.drill,drill again,mill,mill again,mill once more,ream,chamfer,ream again,unload...21 seconds (whew)

An auto maker asked if we could speed up hisconnecting rod line. Bolt hole machining was

a bottleneck. We said yes. We designedand built a multi-station transfer

machine. 63 feet long. It combinesseveral metalworking operations,

and puts out more than 1,000sets of connecting rods and

caps per hour. Racked sixabreast, they march through

simultaneous machinings likesguads of infantry. The auto

maker is pleased. If you havea need for special machines

or a machine process, trysomebody special. The

Machine Tool Division ofEx-Cell-O Corporation,

1200 Oakman Blvd.,Detroit, Michigan 48232.

You'll be pleased, too.We guarantee it.

XLOEX-CELL-O CORPORATION


What can you dowith tubing thatyou can't dowith a solid bar?Cut machining costs!

There are 4,000 different sizes and over 100 grades ofcarbon, alloy and stainless USS Mechanical Tubing avail-able. So it's possible to purchase a custom tube thatrequires less costly machining. For instance: (1) tubingcan meet a nut manufacturer's exact specifications.When bar, instead of tubing, is used to make (2) an-nulus gears for automatic transmissions and (3) hy-draulic cylinders for earthmovers, machining is extensiveand transportation costs are higher. USS MechanicalTubing reduces these costs.

For more cost-cutting ideas, call your near-est USS Sales Office or write United StatesSteel, P.O. Box 86 (USS 5173), Pittsburgh,Pennsylvania 15230.

See the new USS Mechanical Tubing insertin the Design Section of Sweet's Catalog.

United States Steel: where the big idea is innovation


When the lights go out,this driver wont he in the dam

Packard Electric's new Fiber Optic Vigilitesystem will alert him if his high beam, drivingbeam, tail lamp or turn signal lights burn out.Here's how it works. Two Vigilite "sentrys" aremounted on the front fenders of a car. They'reconnected to the high beam, driving beam andturn signal lights with Packard Electric SeeLite—a non-electric light-conducting wire. A thirdsentry, mounted inside therear window, is connected to P i a o k a - r ithe tail lamps and rear turn 4 ^ ^signals. Vigilite has no me-chanical or electrical parts to war,tS IO Warren, Ohio Wai

Packard Electric, "Live Wire" division of General Motors

fail, so if the car lights are working, coloredlenses on the mounted sentrys light up. If theydon't light up, it's time to replace a bulb.Vigilite is simple, meaningful and inexpensive.It even gives motorists that extra dash of spice—that feeling of "cockpit control" that so oftenmakes a difference in new car sales.Vigilite. Developed from our experience in

working with SeeLite wire.E l e c t r i c j0 g e t m o r e light on the

^ ^ subject simply call or writeus at our main office in

Ohio Warren, Ohio.


GENERAL PURPOSEJOBBER LENGTH DRILLSFractional, Wire, Letterand Millimeter Sizes

TAPER SHANK ANDTAPER LENGTH DRILLS

SPECIAL PURPOSEJOBBER LENGTH DRILLSFor Aluminum, Brass,Plastics, Stainless Steels,Cobalt

AUTOMOTIVE SERIESAND AIRCRAFT DRILLS

SCREW MACHINE DRILLSRight and Left HandFractional,Wire and Letter Sizes

CORE DRILLSBLACKSMITH DRILLS

for maximum accuracy and performanceon N/C or conventional machines, specify

Besly DrillsBesly Drills meet the most exacting requirements ofmodern metal-cutting methods—N/C machines, transfermachines and conventional machine tools. Every Besly Drillis produced to the industry's highest standards—indesign, metallurgy and manufacturing.

To assure maximum accuracy and performancefor your drilling operations, specify "Besly"on your next drill order!

Call your distributor for this new Besly Drillcatalog, or write:The Besly-Welles Corporation,

a Subsidiary of The Bendix Corporation,

South Beloit, Illinois 61080.

Besly Cutting Tools and Gagesare sold exclusively throughselected stocking distributors

Besly

Bendix^ Automation


Looking rug9ed service

r o

your fasteners^ 9 a i n-

5whether your

b U c


If your engineworks for a living,we probablymake a Zenithcarburetor for it.In fact, we make more kinds of carburetors for morekinds of equipment than anyone else.* Including up-draft, downdraft and side-draft carburetors. As well as ,LP fuel systems and niters. And with more to offer,we're more certain to fit your needs precisely. Or adapta unit more economically. Or design a new one better.No matter what your problem, we'll solve it. Just call orwrite: Fuel Devices Division, The Bendix Corporation,696 Hart, Detroit, Michigan 48214.CARBURETORS, FILTERS, MARINE FLAME ARRESTERS

*For bailing presses, combines, dusters, sprayers, genera-tors, garden tractors, tillers, pumps, harvesters, grinders,loaders, spreaders, saws, pickers, compressors, wheel-barrows, blowers, farm tractors, lift trucks, crawlers,cement mixers, paving machines, switching locomotives,marine engines, hoists, trucks, boats, shovels, trenchers,bulldozers, fire trucks, snowmobiles.

(end Automotive


J»

Designing weldedaluminum militarystructures?

For efficiency's sake,call on Alcoa first.

To get the most out of welded alumi-num designs, and to avoid possiblepitfalls, you should consider severalrelevant factors: the kind of weld, themagnitude and direction of static anddynamic stresses with respect to theweld, compatibility of the filler andparent metals, and the effect of join-ing different thicknesses together.Sometimes combined effects must betaken into consideration for properdesigning. A welded amphibiousvehicle like the LARC XV, above, mustwithstand both corrosive environmentand residual welding stresses. Toavoid stress-corrosion cracking, thedesigner should know the significanceof residual stresses and environmenton aluminum alloy selection andjoint design.

The Ferris wheel-like apparatusshown above is used by Alcoa in theresearch of stress-corrosion cracking.With this test we determine whichalloys and tempers are immune tostress-corrosion cracking, and whatmagnitude and direction of residualstresses can be accommodated bysusceptible alloys and tempers.Because Alcoa leads the worldlight-metal industry in research anddevelopment, we can provide accu-rate design data. Just call yournearest Alcoa sales office. To sendfor the free, newly revised booklet,The Military Equipment Industryand Alcoa, write Aluminum Companyof America, 557-N Alcoa Building,Pittsburgh, Pa. 15219.

Change for the better withAlcoa® Aluminum 0ALCDA


It wouldn't say "Uncle!'For a year and a half we tortured our new GTO-280.

We tested it in dumpers, transporters, mixers and freight rigs—behindgas and diesels, in tilts and conventionals, on and off highway. And itmade our torture test seem more like a Sunday drive.

Built for heavy-duty trucks, and designed around Clark's famous split-pinsynchronizers, the constant-mesh GTO-280 transmits 350 lbs/ft throughfive-silk-smooth speeds. Plus features: PTO's off 4th for up to twicenormal HP capacity; positive spline locks to stop gear "popout"; big, solidcountershaft; lighter weight; and a new control cover for additionaleconomies in servicing.

Enough? Not really. There's a lot more we can tell you about what makesClark's new Model GTO (greater torque output) 280 something special.Write us for the full story. And while you're at it, ask about Clark axlehousings for heavy-duty equipment, too.

Our new GTO(greater torque output)280 transmission

CLARK EQUIPMENT COMPANY / AUTOMOTIVE DIVISION1300 Falahee Road, Jackson, Michigan 49203

EQUIPMENT

42 Circle 128 on Inquiry Card for more data AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRIES, January 15, 1968

Circle 129 on Inquiry Card for more data >

Any computer can turn out paper.

Westinghouse computers turn outpaper, textiles,steel, kilowatts,

chemicals, minerals,auto parts, aluminum...

and profits.

The reason you get more profits isthat Westinghouse computers giveyou all the trimmings, hardware andsoftware, that are needed to put acomputerized process control sys-tem into efficient operation in yourplant.

Trimmings: Complete systemsengineering, instrumentation forprocess control, computer program-ming, and system start-up . . . allsupplied by Westinghouse.

For more information on how aWestinghouse computer system can

put your next paper mill, or powerplant, or steel mill, or automatedwarehouse into profitable operationquicker, call or write WestinghouseElectric Corporation, Hagan/Computer Systems Division, Box868, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15230.

You can be sure if it's Westinghouse

For more brakingpower here.. .

Ausco disc brakesOutstanding choice of leading manufacturers

Hydraulic Brake withAutomatic Adjustment

Ausco disc brakes and clutches are user-approved ... preferred by the man in the driver'sseat! That's just one reason for their havingbeen chosen for use on more makes and modelsof tractors and self-propelled farm implementsthan any other brake. They're designed to pro-vide maximum torque in minimum space.They're built to stand up in rugged service andthey're easy to maintain in the field.

Chances are, one of the many standard Auscomodels will fi l l your needs. If not, Ausco brakeengineers will be happy to work with you on adesign that fits your application precisely.

Write for data

High-TorqueBall Actuated Brake

Brake DivisionAuto Specialties Mfg. Co.St. Joseph, Michigan 49085

Link ActuatedTorque-Pin Brake


"•*•

50x microphotograph

Behind this microphotographlies the secret of the

exclusive Kao process...the performance-proved

rubber-fiber alloygasketing material

No flow system is any stronger than its least reliable gasket, andthat is why LEXIDE the rubber-fiber alloy gasket material can provideyou with added insurance in your product engineering.

LEXIDE out-performs other gasketing materials because of the uniqueKao process that for the first time provides total fiber encapsulationthus producing a gasket material that is truly free of the fiberlumps and voids usually associated with other beater-add types.This unique patented Kao process demands carefuf selectionof ingredients and controlled non-mechanical agitation. LEXIDEgasketing materials are engineered to assure unusually highresistance to both creep and cold flow.

Examine the photograph. Notice that the coating of elastomer tofiber is both uniform and complete. The Kao process guarantees nosplitting of fibers; thus assuring unsurpassed ease of die cuttability.

LEXIDE gasket materials are engineered to effectively resist water,fuel, oils, glycols, and can be used in all other corrosive environments.

Write to us about your problems or applications and find out whyLEXIDE is known as the unique engineering material.

•LEXIDELATEX IFIBERINDUSTRIES, INC.Beaver Falls, New York 13305

AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRIES, January 15, 1968 Circle 1S1 on Inquiry Card for more data 45

Start withour patented

Sealed Power Oil Ring,Basic Design, then tell us your

new engine oil ringrequirements

and well come up with avariation that delivers top performance

One of the greatest advantages of theSealed Power Stainless Steel Oil Ring isits adaptability to infinite modificationsto fit the requirements of new engine

developments . . . without diluting itsbasic benefits one iota.

No wonder all U.S. car manufacturerskeep using Sealed Power year after year!

Sealed Power PISTON RINGS

46

PISTONS • SLEEVES • SLEEVE ASSEMBLIES • PRECISION CASTINGS • SEALING RINGS FOR ALL APPLICATIONS

Sealed Power Corporation, Muskegon, Michigan 49443 • St. Johns. Michigan • Rochester. Indiana • Mexico City, MexicoDetroit Area Office: 17320 West 8 Mile Road, Southfield, Michigan 48076; Phone (313) 442-5777 • Available in Canada


NEWSFEATURES

Oceanography PuzzleLack of Requirement Limits Exploitation

By C. R. WNhide Defense/Space Editor

At least two major factors areaffecting the progress of oceanog-raphy. First is the pervading im-pact of the Vietnam war. Second—and perhaps of more far reachinginfluence—is the lack of any na-tional or international requirementto exploit the oceans to the limit oftheir admitted potential.

Last September, WestinghouseElectric Corp. formally dedicatedits glittering, new Ocean Researchand Engineering Center at the footof the Chesapeake Bay bridge notfar from Annapolis, Md. In thehandsome, two-story structure on115 acres, scientists, planners, en-gineers and hard-nosed marketingmen are grappling with current andfuture activity of Westinghouse inthe vast and elusive field of ocea-nography.

Westinghouse PhilosophyUnderlying Westinghouse's inter-

est in the underwater field is aphilosophy which embraces lookingat the underwater spectrum of ac-


tivity from just that viewpoint—underwater.

In spite of what should be an ob-vious approach to the oceans, toomany people look upon the oceanfrom the surface down instead of

from the ocean bed up. To someWestinghouse officials, this is abasic misconception which theyhave no intention of perpetuating.

Another keystone on which West-inghouse is trying to build its un-derwater program is that of eco-nomic feasibility. They admit tothe potential of underwater vehi-cles as well as the potential in suchareas as mining, food processing,salvage, transportation, etc. At thesame time, the Westinghouse peo-ple feel there is a considerable gapbetween recognizing the potential

Deepstar-4000 Emerges After Dive

47

of the oceans and transferring thatpotential into visible and market-able reality. Along this line ofthought, Westinghouse managersand engineers alike, feel that prog-ress in oceanography is, and willcontinue to be a "slow and painfulprocess."

Requirement LackingWestinghouse thinkers suggest

that if the same national require-ments were directed toward devel-opment of an underwater vehicleas there has been toward develop-ment of spacecraft, such a vehiclewould be produced in relativelyshort order.

The closest thing to such an un-derwater vehicle requirement is inthe selection of Westinghouse andLockheed as contractors to developa prototype of a Deep Submergence

Search Vehicle for the Navy. Thisvehicle is to be designed for thespecific mission of diving to depthsof 20,000 ft to perform search andrescue operations and some objectrecovery. This is the kind of na-tional requirement Westinghousefeels must be generated if the en-tire underwater potential is to showrapid and meaningful development.

The people at the Ocean Researchand Engineering Center see themanned submersible market as asomewhat marginal one at presentdue to a lag in technology and limi-tation of capital investment funds.This has required potential buyersof submersibles to work from themore economical ocean surfaceswhenever possible rather than fromunder the ocean. The market, there-fore, has simply not been lucrativeenough to warrant an all-out re-

Deepstar-4000 at Work

search program on ocean bottomvehicles.

Competition IncreasingThe market itself is an ill-defined

one, but in spite of this factor com-petition in getting a true under-water vehicle is a fierce one andone which will become increasinglycompetitive. Should a national re-quirement ever be established, themarket could become considerablyclearer and the competition couldbecome as keen as that between themajor automobile companies.

Another factor controlling thedevelopment of submersibles is thestate of the art itself. There willbe no "Kitty Hawk" for oceanog-raphy. The airplane started with areciprocating engine already devel-oped and tested. It would be over-simplification to say such a devel-opment made the aircraft andaerospace industry possible. Thefact remains, however, that no suchbench mark is available to firms in-terested in producing vehicles capa-ble of performing useful work onthe ocean bottom.

Until the early '60s submersiblevehicles were primarily a develop-ment of military necessity. ThePolaris program, in spite of thesophisticated technology involved infiring missiles from underwater,was an outgrowth of the subma-rine.

More Needs to be DoneTo achieve underwater objectives

such as transportation, salvage,mining, petroleum or recreation,much more needs to be done otherthan to agree that such objectivesare worthy of attainment.

What does a profit-making cor-


CONTINUED NEWSFEATURES

poration like Westinghouse do inlight of the foregoing? They com-bine their approaches into as manysimilar activities as possible withprofit from one segment offsettingdevelopmental expenses incurred inothers.

Thus, Westinghouse has investedheavily in a prolonged submergenceprogram called "Cachalot." This in-volves a compression chamber inwhich a team of divers stays forthe duration of a particular salvageoperation. Such a procedure elimi-nates the need for time consum-ing compression and decompressionprocedures each time the divershave to descend into the ocean.

The chamber is connected to asubmersible diving bell which low-ers the divers underwater to per-form their work, is hauled up tothe surface and connected to thecompression chamber where thedivers rest until the next under-water work session without under-going decompression. The diverslive in the decompression chamberfor a regular work period and havelogged as many as eight hours perday underwater.

Some Profitable SuccessesThe Cachalot system has had

some notable—and profitable—suc-cesses. Divers removed the wreck-age of oil rigs in the Gulf of Mex-ico in four months. Ordinarily, thiswould have taken much longer. Thesame system was used in removingtrash from the intakes of the SmithMountain Dam in Virginia. Here,an estimated work period of 18months for normal replacement oftrash screens was completed in 2*/2months.

In the pure vehicle field, West-

inghouse has pinned its hopes on aseries of craft known as Deepstars.They currently have Deepstar-4000which has been operating undercontract to the Navy since late1965. The DS-4000 is designed foroperating at depths of 4000 feet.It is a close relative of JacquesCousteau's diving saucer and cancarry three persons.

Deepstar-2000 is in the processof fabrication and is designed tooperate on the continental shelf.Its primary purpose is as a "work"boat for salvage, construction, res-cue and exploration, and scientificapplication. It will have two manip-ulator arms compared to the oneon DS-4000, a forward lookingsonar and a propulsion system fortraversing the "canyons" near theshelf.

FREE BOOKLETON 'SYSTEMS' METHODA comprehensive "systems"

method of "Communications forEngineers" is now availablewithout charge to readers. This26-page booklet is complete withstandard operating proceduresshowing a step-by-step sequenceof actions for engineers to takein building a communicationsprogram.

Topics include: QualifyingData; Types of Information;Time, Actions and Costs; Or-ganizing Time-table; News Dis-tribution Survey; IndustrialNews Production; Survey ofMedia Needs; Official Review Re-quirements; and a typical, high-quality news release. Individualreaders of AI may obtain com-plimentary copies by writing tothe editors, using their companyletterhead and office address.

98% of Ocean FloorUnder design is a Deepstar-20,-

000. When completed, it will pro-vide coverage of 98% of the oceanfloor—but this is still a long dis-tance away.

In summary, profit-making or-ganizations looking into oceanog-raphy as a potential market arestill trying to find a particular"handle" to fit their capabilities. Inthe absence of any national re-quirement, the search for this"handle" must be financed largelythrough their own resources.

One of the biggest problemswhich must be confronted in ex-ploiting the admitted potential ofthe oceans is to determine the eco-nomic feasibility of a potentialmarket. This has proved to be amajor headache for marketing man-agers. It is likely to remain oneuntil such time as the entire ocean-ographic picture can be delineatedinto manageable proportions of spe-cific definition.

Thus far, many persons havespent most of their time agreeingthat the oceans have great poten-tial—but it's getting a bit repeti-tious.

One thing begins to emerge andthat is the character of the vehicleproducing firms of the future. Withthe possible exception of GeneralMotors, it's beginning to look likethe underwater farmer, resident,sportsman, miner, etc. of the fu-ture is going to go shopping forthe latest model submersible fromfirms like Westinghouse, Lockheed,Litton, Grumman Aircraft, Gen-eral Dynamics or North AmericanRockwell.

AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRIES, January 15, 1968 49

CONTINUED NEWSFEATURES

New VW TransmissionVolkswagen of America has an-

nounced the availability of a semi-automatic transmission which doesaway with the clutch pedal andminimizes shifting.

Named the VW "AutomaticStickshift," the new transmissionis optional equipment on the VW1500 "beetle" and Karmann Ghiacoupe. It consists of a torque con-verter, a vacuum-operated single-plate dry clutch, and a three-speed-synchronized manual gear box.

When shifting, the clutch is dis-engaged by an electric switch in theshift lever that actuates the servocylinder through an electro-magnetic valve. As soon as the shiftlever is released by the driver, theclutch automatically re-engages,speed of re-engagement varies withengine load. A vacuum tank pro-vides a reserve supply for shifting.

In operation, the second-speed"Drive 1" can be used up to 55 mphand is the normal gear used intraffic without shifting. "Drive 2"(third speed) is for highway

travel, although it too may be usedfor starting from standstill. Forbetter acceleration, "Drive 1" canbe selected for starting, with ashift to "Drive 2" at about 30 mph.The first low-gear range is intendedprimarily for use when starting upsteep hills. Pattern of the shift isconventional, with reverse gear atthe forward left.

Record N. Y. Auto ShowThe largest automobile show ever

held in New York City has been as-sured with the announcement thatthe 1968 International Auto Showwould occupy an additional 40,000sq ft of floor space in the New YorkColiseum. The show is scheduledfor March 30-April 7.

Charles Snitow, president of theauto show, said "The desire of al-most every domestic and overseasmanufacturer for more space wasso fierce this year that we wereforced to find extra exhibit spaceon an additional floor of the Coli-seum."

Sectional View of New VW "Automatic Stickshift" Transmission

Aluminum Record SeenThe president of the Aluminum

Co. of America predicted 1968would be a record year for alumi-num production and earnings.

John D. Harper said aluminum'sprogress next year easily could sur-pass the 6 to 8% growth the lightmetal was expected to achieve as anannual average over the next dec-ade.

Harper also forecast a brightyear for other domestic producersand fabricators.

He said an advance in aluminumproduction in 1968 would bespurred by a rising demand foraluminum in existing and new mar-kets, the depletion of customer in-ventories and greater industrycapabilities brought on by capitalimprovement programs.

He also predicted sharp gains inaluminum consumption by the con-tainer and packaging, electrical,building and construction, trans-portation and consumer durable in-dustries.

Harper said total primary alumi-num production this year shouldreach 3.3 million tons, 10% abovethe record set in 1966. Shipmentswere expected to equal the 4.5 mil-lion tons reached last year.

Harper said he also expected astronger economy this year becauseof the early conclusion of auto in-dustry labor negotiations and hisanticipation of union-managementsettlements in the can manufactur-ing, basic aluminum and steel in-dustries.

New aluminum uses in masstransit systems, water desalinationplants and oceanographic equip-ment will have a considerablegrowth impact on aluminum in thefuture, Harper said.


EUR

By DAVID SCOTT • European Correspondent

Formica has started a pilot proj-ect for making plastic trunk lids,using the Duroplast technique de-veloped by the Sachsenring carplant in Zwickau, East Germany,with which the British companyhas a licensing agreement.

Described in AI, June 1 andAugust 1, 1964, the high-outputprocess uses hot-forming pressesto mold body components from amulti-layer blanket of carded cot-ton fibers impregnated with pow-dered phenol and kresol resins. Thetrunk lids are being supplied toPressed Steel Fisher, a BritishMotor Corp. subsidiary, which isdoing advanced research on all-plastic car bodies.

BASF is manufacturing a plas-tic gasoline tank for Porsche rac-ing and rally cars. Made from ahigh-density material called Lu-polen, it is one-third the weightof a comparable metal tank, hashigh resistance to fracture onimpact, and minimizes the riskof fire.

The German firm is also produc-ing a variety of panels for truckcabs, made from glass-reinforcedpolyester resins. Most complex isthe floor, which is constructed inone piece by the fiber spray-upmethod. The only machining orfinishing operation required istrimming the edges.

Ford has patented an electro-static air cleaner for internal com-bustion engines, in which dust par-ticles in the induction air streamare negatively charged by a coil

wound around the end of an ex-tended non-magnetic intake pipe. Apositively-charged electrode plate,placed inside the outer radius of aright-angle bend some distancedownstream, attracts the particles.

Accumulated particles are auto-matically removed at intervals toprevent excessive build-up on theplate. This is achieved by a switchthat grounds the electrode when-ever the throttle is closed, thus re-leasing the particles, which thendrop off the inclined plate into adust trap incorporated in the tubejust beyond the bend.

New Renault Front DriveRenault will launch the Model

"6" this spring, an all-new front-drive car with the currently-fash-ionable wagon-type sedan body pio-neered by the larger "16." Rivallingthe recently-introduced Simca 1100,which it closely resembles in sizeand construction, it has a trans-versely-mounted 45-hp engine, tor-sion bar suspension, and a disc-drum brake layout.

The Renault 1100 engine powersthe DAF 55, a new and largersedan brought out by the Dutchcompany. The first 40,000 engineswill be built in France, but theunits will ultimately be manufac-tured in Holland at the new DAFfactory at Born.

The transmission for the 55 willbe a version of the Variomatic usedin the smaller Dutch cars and cross-country Pony. Renault is interestedin this infinitely-variable belt-drivedesign, and technical cooperation

between the two companies is ex-pected.

Czechs Build French TrucksCzechoslovakia has signed a li-

censing agreement with Renaultcovering local manufacture of Sa-viem 1.5- and 3-ton trucks at theAvia plant near Prague. Produc-tion is expected to start at the endof 1968, and planned output is 12,-000 vehicles a year.

The 10-year, $8 million contractalso provides for counter-deliveriesby the Czechs of truck componentsand machine tools to France.

Another inter-European enginedeal covers a completely new over-head camshaft 105-cu-in. 87-hp unitfrom Standard-Triumph for theforthcoming Saab 99 two-doorsedan, which starts in productionin late 1968 and will compete di-rectly with the larger Volvo. De-signed for front-wheel drive, theengine has an underslung trans-mission as in the Triumph 1300,but is unique in having the clutchand flywheel on the front end forimproved cooling and access.

A further unusual feature of theSaab is that the handbrake workson the front wheels, where smalldrums are incorporated with thediscs. The hydraulic brakes havedual circuits diagonally linkingfront and read wheels.

Standard-Triumph will deliver50,000 of these engines a year toSaab. The basic OHC unit in vari-ous capacities will be progressivelyapplied to Triumph's own vehiclesduring the next few years.

Scania-Vabis in Sweden is fit-ting an automatic transmissionof its own design and productionto two of its latest buses. Inputtorque is split by a planetary-typedifferential that gives two-stagedrive, the lower being hydro-mechanical through a torque con-verter and the upper whollymechanical.

A new 10-speed version of theLeyland semi-automatic transmis-sion has a two-speed splitter boxthat doubles the usual number ofratios. This is built as an integralunit positioned between the fluidcoupling and main gearcase.


It's customers like Scott Paperwho've made Foster GrantNo. 3 in Polystyrene.

Here's looking at you, Dow.Cheers, Monsanto.

c Foster Grant Co., Inc., Leominster, Mass.

B. F. Goodrich Co.—Anton Vittone, Jr.,has been electedvice president-man-ufacturing services.

Standard PressedSteel Co., PrecisionFastener Div.—JohnF. Hughes has beennamed an applica-tions engineer.

Standard Screw Co.,Chicago Div.—Wil-liam J. Gardner hasbeen appointedmanager- engineer •ing and reliability.

Goodyear Interna-tional Corp.—C. J.Pill iod has beenelected a vice pres-ident and director.

American BoschArma Corp., Ameri-can Bosch Div.—R.Robert Cox has beenappointed assistantmanager.

Parker-Kalon Corp.—Mathew W. Mc-Lean has been ap-pointed plant indus-trial engineer.

Martin Wells Co.—Harry Comer hasbeen appointedsales director.

MENIN THE NEWS

Wheel Trueing Tool Co.—WilliamB. Jackson has been elected presidentand Wendell E. Lloyd has been namedvice president and controller.

General Motors Corp., ChevroletMotor Div.—Robert L. McKee hasbeen appointed program manager-Manufacturing Dept.; Kenneth G.Marks succeeds him as manager ofthe Flint, Mich., pressed metal plant;Alfred S. Warren, Jr., succeeds Marksas manager of the six-cylinder engineplant at Flint, and Melvin E. Wenzelhas been named manager of the St.Louis Army ammunition plant.

Lundberg Screw Products Co.—Rob-ert D. Muir has been promoted to gen-eral manager.

Prestolite Co.—C. Walter Wells hasbeen named manager of the Oakland,Calif., battery plant.

Hooker Chemical Corp., CoatingsDiv.—Theodore E. Gilbert has beenappointed research director.

Dow Chemical Co., Plastic MoldingDept.—William E. Brown has beennamed senior section head.

Firestone Tire & Rubber Co.—Rob-ert A. Brown has been named man-ager of the new tire plant under con-struction in Albany, Ga.

Essex Wire Corp., Electro-Mechani-cal Div.—Donald R. Ford has been ap-pointed vice president and generalmanager.

International Harvester Co., MotorTruck Div.—Robert E. Schmidt hasbeen appointed manager of productreliability and safety.

Standard Screw Co. — Richard J.Hawes has been named director-Man-agement Information Systems.

McNeil Corp., Lincoln St. LouisDiv.—John E. Renner has been ap-pointed president.

U. S. Industries, Inc.—Sanford B.Kaynor and Alvin M. Singer havebeen elected vice presidents.

Sandvik Steel, Inc., Spring Div.—Charles M. Ferner has been promotedto assistant manager.

General Motors Corp., OldsmobileDiv.—Harold A. Haughton has beennamed superintendent of the differen-tial plant; Douglas H. Tracy suc-ceeds him as superintendent of theengine and engine parts plants; Mi-chael E. Spitzley has been promotedto assistant superintendent of theassembly plant; and Eugene C. Wes-ley has been named assistant super-intendent of the engine and engineparts plant.

General Motors Corp., Allison Div.—Raymond P. Klein has been namedmanager of the Washington, D. C,office.

NecrologyMilton O. Cross, Jr., 59, presi-

dent of the Cross Co. and a pio-neer in the automation and specialmachine tool building industries,died Dec. 26, in Detroit.

John Osmers, 70, retired gen-eral assistant to the board chair-man of the United States SteelCorp., died Dec. 25 in Montclair,N. J.

Leland R. Taylor, 55, vice presi-dent and assistant to the presi-dent of the North American Rock-well Corp., died Dec. 22 in WestLos Angeles.

Herbert W. Graham, 76, retiredvice president in charge of re-search for Jones & Laughlin SteelCorp., died Dec. 18 in Pittsburgh.

C. Gordon Cockshutt, 73, retiredpresident of Cockshutt FarmEquipment of Canada Ltd. andformer vice president of the FarmEquipment Institute of America,died Dec. 12 in Brantford, Ont.

Raymond D. Mains, 62, vicepresident-sales, North Central Re-gion, for the Fruehauf Corp., diedDec. 12 in Hinsdale, 111.


•< Circle 132 on Inquiry Card for more data

53

Move intoRed Ring's Quiet zone

There's a new silence in gear operation—one you'vealways been looking for. Red Ring's hard gear honingprocess puts it there. It may be the elimination oftooth nicks—the removal of furnace scale—the correc-tion of fire distortion—or, the improvement of geartooth surfaces. Regardless, Red Ring honing won'ttolerate imperfections which result in noisy gears andminimal load capacities.Red Ring's hard gear hones correct these faults—whether they're gears finished by grinding or shaving—and do it fast. Finish of gear teeth working surfaces

can be improved to 8-10 RMS or less for greaterservice life, too.What's more, the Model GHD Honer provides thewidest range of honing flexibility. Four distinctly differ-ent methods are available. Precise interface honingpressure is readily selective. And, the process can beequipped with full automation.To get a better concept of the mechanics of this Honerand typical production data, write or call NationalBroach & Machine Co. for a honing specialist, or Bul-letin H64-9. You owe it to your customers.

PRIDE OF CRAFTSMANSHIP. . . STILL A FACT OF LIFE

NATIONAL BROACH & MACHINE CO.12-67.NBM.t50 5 6 0 0 S T J E A N ' DETROIT, MICHIGAN 48213


An Editorial

A Time-tablefor 1968

ABOUT THIS TIME of the year, the hot-tip rumor mills start grinding and mostof the rumors are hardly worth hearing.More than 90% are sheer bunk. Theusual anvil chorus of the non-drivingsafety mongers will be heard again as abackdrop to upcoming federal actions.Being an election year, large claims willbe made for hypothetical improvementsin safety and hypothetical schemes formaking electric cars which may or maynot be produced at some distant date.The usual gloom of the Wall Street bearswill induce some financial loud calamityhowling while short sellers try to makehay out of the off season, since the bullsusually appear only after March 15 andApril 15 tax dates have passed.

MORE AND MORE federal aids to overseascar producers will appear as more andmore backdoor diplomatic efforts throughthe State Department amplify the dualpattern of safety rules, tough ones fordomestic producers and eased up rulesfor overseas makers. Meanwhile, the

sorry plight of the superhighways, turn-pikes and state and county local roadswill continue without much relief andmunicipal metropolitan area chiefs willtry to find new ways to keep cars out ofthe cities instead of building modernhigh capacity parking facilities to getparked cars off the city streets.

AMID ALL OF THIS GLOOM, mostly manu-factured for a purpose, the domestic in-dustry will move steadily ahead prepar-ing for adequate deliveries in the springwhen another all-time record in peaksales can be expected. By June, for twoyears back-to-back, many, many car mod-els will be in tight supply and lucky buy-ers who bought cars in the winter willcongratulate themselves for their fore-sight. Domestic companies will also fur-ther improve their output and sales over-seas. Thus history will repeat itself inthis year, as it has previously, therebyillustrating the powerful and dynamicnature of this vast industry.

Editor and Publisher


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PRODUCINGBUICK'S350-CID V-8

By Joseph GeschelinDetroit Editor

THE WELL-KNOWN BUICK V-8 en-gine plant has gone through anumber of major changes duringthe past two years. Last year theplant area was expanded to housetransfer lines for machining com-ponents for the then new 430 V-8.For the '68 model year the planthas been retooled for the machin-ing of components for the current350 V-8.

The cylinder block line is com-posed primarily of rebuilt and re-tooled machinery which has beenemployed previously. Althoughthese major transfer lines containvery little new transfer equipment,manufacturing engineering cameup with some intriguing ideas onseveral operations.

First of these is a change in tool-ing of the eight-spindle V-typeBarnesdrill honing machines. Upto now Buick has employed a 6-stone honing tool. Now they are inthe process of adopting a 10-stonehoning tool as standard practice,following some considerable ex-perimental testing on the produc-tion line. Advantages for the 10-stone hone include: improved boregeometry; and longer hone lifeconducive to higher productivity.

This set-up removes stock fasterand permits use of a softer gradestone, thereby reducing the amountof heat generated by the honingaction plus lower and more evenlydistributed pressure on the bore.

Stone life is increased approxi-mately three times. In addition,hone maintenance is lower despitethe fact that cycle time has beendecreased by 10 percent.

Buick is also exploring the pos-sibility of using Carborundum ce-ramic throwaway tooling for cyl-inder boring. To faci l i ta te thisexperimental project the double-index XLO boring machine, for-merly used on the same line, wascompletely rebuilt prior to thestart of '68 production to provideimproved spindles, higher speeds,and increased horsepower in an-ticipation of employing ceramictooling. The machine also featuresremote control of tool adjustmentwith fine 0.0003-in. increments onthe diameter for adjustment. Anautomatic counter, in conjunctionwith the adjusting button aids theoperator to determine when thetool must be changed.

If the ceramic tooling works outsatisfactorily, it is anticipated that


M29

**•*<* **r+

f

This is the horizontal Cincinnati surface broaching machine emDloved for thebroaching of intake manifolds for the 350 V-8.

View of one section of the LaSalle transfer ma-chine for machining intake manifolds.

BUICK'S350CIDcontinued

productivity should increase by afactor of almost six to one, com-pared with conventional carbidepractice.

Cylinder heads for the 350 V-8are machined completely along anew line equipped entirely withLamb transfer machines. The com-bustion chamber is left in as-castcondition. The individual transfermachine units along this line arerather widely separated and con-nected by a special roller conveyor.This provides ample space forbanks of parts ahead of each unitin the event of a shut-down for anycause.

The new intake manifold is ma-chined completely on a new linewhich consists essentially of a Cin-cinnati surface broaching machineand a LaSalle transfer machine.A LaSalle machine had been em-ployed on the 430 V-8 line last yearand performed so well that theywere selected for the '68 program.


ABOVE LEFT. One section of the Lambtransfer line for machining 350 V-8cylinder heads. This view, taken on theerection floor, shows the general ar-rangement of heads.

Incidentally, the intake manifold ismachined selectively either for atwo-barrel or a four-barrel car-buretor. To facilitate this require-ment the transfer machine incor-porates separate heads for eachtype. While manifolds are runthrough in batches, a simple switchon the control panel serves to idleone set of heads, activate another.Consequently, there is no downtime for changeover.

Machining of intake manifoldsfor the 350 V-8 engine is handledin two stages. The first stage isthe broaching of all joint faces ina two-way Cincinnati horizontalsurface broaching machine. All ofthe machining then is completedin a 42-station LaSalle transfermachine which consists of twosections: Section 1—Station 1 to11; Section 2—Station 12 to 40. Itis in keeping with modern manage-ment that the LaSalle Line con-tains certain idle stations intended

ABOVE RIGHT. Detail of one of theLamb transfer machines; tapping isperformed by means of an angular headcarried on a horizontal slide. The slidereturns for part clearance during trans-fer and for changing taps.

for anticipated future added opera-tions. Thus the alignment of themachine will remain unchangedlater on, except for the addition ofheads as required.

The sequence of operations is asfollows :

Station Operation

3 LH Comb, drill and reamRH Drill holes

4 LH Drill, comb, drill & ream4 LH Probe four holes

RH Probe six holes

5 LH Drill two holes through;comb, drill & ream two

RH Comb, drill & chamfer twoholes

6 LH Probe four holesRH Probe four holes (vert.)

7 LH Ream four holesRH Drill through four holes

8 LH Probe four holes (vert.)RH Probe four holes

Space is left for two added stationsat this point on both sides of themachine for future operations.

910

13

14

16

18

20

22

2426

28

29

31

32

33

34

35

36

38

40

LH•12

LH

LH

LHRH

LHRHLHRHLHRHRHLHRHRH

LHRH

RH

RH

RH

RH

RH

RH

LH

Mill seal rails and endsPart reoriented

Rough mill carburetor face

Finish-mill carburetor face

Mill choke padOpen for future operation

Open for future operationSpot-drill 14 holesOpen for future operationDrill 13, Bore & chamfer twoOpen for future operationDrill 5, Bore & chamfer twoProbe 18 holes;Drill one holeMill water outlet faceDrill one; core drill & c'bore

oneProbe one holeSpot-drill two

Drill one, probe one

Drill two holes

Probe three holes

Tap two holes

Probe two holes

Tap 14 holes

Probe 15 holes

UnloadNote: Stations omitted above are allidle stations.

Buick has three cylinder headlines for the 350 V-8, one of whichis entirely new. Except for theinitial surface broaching opera-


B U I C K ' S 3 5 0 C I D . . . continued

tion, the head is machined com-pletely on a line consisting of fourLamb transfer machines, having atotal of 100 s ta t ions . Surfacebroaching of various faces andbracket mountings, plus a notch onthe intake face and locator spotsover the exhaust face is handled inone setting in a Cincinnati surfacebroaching machine.

First of the Lamb transfer ma-chines consists of 34 stations andis designed primarily for milling

the ends; drilling and reamingbolt holes; drilling rocker shaftholes; drilling oil holes; drillingpushrod holes; dri l l ing coverholes. This unit as well as thethree other units comprising thecylinder head line has certain loca-tions left idle to provide room forfuture operations.

It may be noted at this pointthat the multiplicity of stationsand heads is justified by the factthat push rod holes and oil holes

Another detail of a Lamb transfer ma-chine . . . use of a 360-deg, four-com-partment, chip dumping fixture. Thisarrangement does not interfere with thetransfer bar and thus requires only onetransfer drive bar.

are drilled in three passes each.In addition, separate stations areinterspersed for probing all holes,and probing and blowout of oilholes and pushrod holes.

The second Lamb transfer ma-chine consists of 41 stations andis connected to the first section bymeans of Lamb automation. Thissection is concerned primarily withfinishing spark plug holes and endbracket holes: drilling, counterbor-ing, probing, reaming, and tapping.One of the interesting features ofthis section is the arrangement fordumping chips at Station 22. Thisis a trunnion type unit, as illus-trated, containing four compart-ments, i.e., holding four heads ata time. This method does not inter-rupt the action of the transfer bar,thus dispensing with the mech-anism usually required when asecond drive is necessary. More-over, the 360-deg. dumping cycleassures more complete chip re-moval.

The third section of the Lambtransfer line consists of 22 sta-tions. In the main, it is designedfor spot-drilling, tap-drilling, drill-ing and milling, probing and tap-ping intake mounting holes; ex-haust mounting holes; heat holesand heat box holes; and tappingspark plug holes. This machine toofeatures some idle stations for fu-ture ins ta l la t ion of additionalheads.

The fourth section of the Lambtransfer line, consisting of 25 sta-tions, is concerned primarily withdeveloping valve guide holes, valveguide bosses, valve throats, andvalve seats. Valve guide holes aredrilled in stages and finally gun-bored to finish. In general, the oper-ations include: hollow-milling,chamfering, end-milling, drilling,forming of throats, gun-boring, andfinishing of valve seats. •


PARTI

CADILLACENGINE PRODUCTION

By Joseph Geschelin Detroit Editor

View at loading end of theIngersoll transfer machine forcylinder rough boring

IT IS ALWAYS EXCITING to reporton an entirely new engine. It isparticularly so in the case of the472-cu. in. Cadillac V-8, largestand highest torque engine in thepassenger car field. This engine isa notable example of evolution indesign as well as in manufacturingmethods.


Back in 1948 the Cadillac OHV,high performance, high compres-sion V-8 became the forerunner ofthe new generation of V-8 enginesthat gained acceptance throughoutthe industry. Refined and changedin design detail over the years,the basic engine persisted for some19 years, culminating in the

stepped up displacement of 429-cu.in. several years ago.

The 1968 engine marks the be-ginning of a new generation ofengines at Cadillac. The cylinderblock is more massive, has in-creased main bearing size, now in-corporates at the front end the

61

CADILLAC ENGINE

View of work station at Cincinnati mill-ing machine which mills the ends ofblocks plus other milling operations

View looking into the 19-station Foot-Burt transfer machine tooled for drillingoil holes, mounting holes, and machin-ing six cup plug holes

continued

accessories formerly housed in thealuminum front cover.

The engine machining depart-ment includes 167 machine tools,only 44 of which are not new. It isinteresting to note that A. I. hasfollowed the course of the Cadillacengine over the years, startingwith the first realignment of ma-chine shop equipment in 1957; themajor tool program in 1962 thatestablished an entirely new ma-chine line; and the machining set-up for the aluminum front cover.

One of the interesting featuresis the fine honed finish of cylinderbores, ranging from 8 to 15-mu.It emphasizes the fact that eachengine has its individuality.

To achieve this fine honed finish,Cadillac employs Barnesdri l l 4-spindle honing machines for semi-finish honing. Then a Barnesdrillhoning machine provides the de-sired surface finish. Since this finesurface finish represents a breakwith precedent, it was thought ini-tially that it might be necessaryto monitor the honing operation atintervals during the day. Earlyproduction experience, however,showed that the fine finish is main-tained without variation and re-quires checking only once a day,using a portable Profilometer.

One of the many modern touchesalong the machine lines is the em-ployment of power-free conveyorlinks between machines to providea bank of blocks ahead of each setof operations. This, combined withmany idle stations as well as theprovision of idle machine bases onsome transfer machines, providesfor the accommodation of changesin product design in the future.

Finally we may observe that theengine tooling program evolvedfrom close coordination betweenengineering and manufacturing.While such 'give and take' now iscommon practice, it is significantthat Cadillac manufacturing peo-ple also worked hand-in-hand withmachine tool builders on specialfeatures conducive to economy aswell as the maintenance of quality


Perspective of W. F. & John Barnestransfer machine that handles drillingof front and rear faces

standards. In some instances themachine tool builder contributedmachine design ideas that solvedknotty production problems.

With this introduction considerthe sequence of major operations,employing the key used on the offi-cial routing.

Operation 10—Broaching thepanrail, bearing locks, half-round,bank faces, and top cover surfaceall are handled in one setting inthe Cincinnati horizontal surfacebroaching machine.

Operation 20—Here a 16-stationFootBurt dri l l ing and millingtransfer machine handles the fol-lowing operations: drill and reamtwo process holes which are usedas locators for all subsequent op-erations; mill front and rear sur-faces of bearing bulkheads; millmain bearing locks. This machineincludes five idle stations.

Operation 30—11-station Inger-soll boring transfer machine han-dles the following operations oneight cylinder bores; rough-bore,semi-finish-bore, chamfer top andbottom of cylinder bores. This ma-chine has five idle stations.

Operation 40—A 13-station Cin-cinnati transfer milling machine isresponsible for the following op-

erations : mill cam thrust surface;mill a variety of bosses; surfaceand rough-mill the front and rearends. This machine has four idlestations and is of double-indextype (handling two blocks at atime starting with Operation 8).Double-index implies use of doublestations, on lengthy operations soas to maintain the speed of the line.

Operation 50—W. F. & JohnBarnes 24-station transfer ma-chine of double-index design isnext in line with the following op-erations : drill, chamfer, ream allholes in front and rear ends. Theseoperations also include the drillingof two, long oil gallery holes insuccessive stages. The machine hasa total of 11 idle stations.

Operation 60—Tapping of allholes perpendicular to the frontand rear ends of the block is donein a 9-station FootBurt tapper.This machine includes four idlestations, one station for blow-out,and Station 8 for rotating the blockby 90-deg.

Operation 70—A 16-station In-gersoll transfer machine accountsfor the drilling of a group of oddholes, including the distributormounting hole in several passes;the oil gallery cross-over hole in

several passes; reaming and tap-ping where indicated; probing andblow-out at two stations. The ma-chine has five idle stations.

Operation 80—Here a 15-stationFootBurt transfer machine doesthe drilling of water meteringholes; drill, chamfer, and tap cyl-inder head bolt holes; drill, cham-fer, and ream cylinder head dowelholes; probe and blow-out allholes. The machine has six idlestations.

Operation 90—Complete machin-ing of the 16 valve lifter holes ishandled in a 15-station Greenleetransfer machine. This includesdrilling, milling, spot-facing, andgun-reaming stages. The machineincludes three idle stations, oneturnover station for dumpingchips, and a probing station.

Operation 100—This block em-ploys cup plugs instead of Welchplugs. Machining of six cup plugholes; five main bearing angle oilholes; and fuel pump mountingholes is handled in a 19-stationFootBurt transfer machine. Thereare five idle stations, plus Stations14 and 18 for probe and blow-out.

Operation 110—Various opera-tions for the machining of two dip-stick holes; milling of the oil pumpmounting surface; machining ofoil pump mounting holes are donein a 26-station Ingersoll transfermachine. Dipstick holes are drilledin two passes. The machine includesnine idle stations plus two probeand blow-out stations.

Operation 120—Next in line is a14-station Buhr transfer machinefor a variety of operations on twodifferential support bracket holes,including spot-facing, chamfering,drilling, and tapping. It has sevenidle stations plus two probe andblow-out stations. It is interestingto note that this machine was builtdeliberately longer than is neces-sary initially to provide stationsfor future changes in product de-sign. This means that later on it


The Detroit broaching machine surfacebroaches the main bearing locks

CADILLAC ENGINE . . . continued

will be possible to accommodatecertain changes without affectingthe length or disposition of theline.

Operation 130—The major op-eration on the case before assem-bly of bearing caps is performedin a 24-station FootBurt transfermachine. Its function is to drilland tap all vertical holes in thetop and bottom surfaces of theblock, including main bearing capholes. The machine includes 10 idlestations, two probe and blow-outstations for 48 holes, and Station23 for rotating the block by 90-deg.

Operation 140—Broaching bear-ing locks. Bearing caps now aremounted and fastened and theblock assembly is ready for thefinal stages of machining. The fol-lowing sequence of operations

again has the same key as the rout-ing sheets.

Operation 20—Rough- and semi-finished line boring of the camand crank lines is handled in an18-station W. F. & John Barnestransfer machine. Due to the timerequired to perform these opera-tions, the machine employs doublestations, handling two blocks at atime. Seven idle stations are foundon this line.

Operation 30—Five camshaftbearings are inserted by means ofa 4-station Detroit Broach pressingmachine. Beyond this point theline splits into a double line.

Operation 40—Finish-milling ofbank faces is done in two 6-stationIngersoll transfer machines. Cadil-lac engineering prefers milling to

surface broaching as a surface fin-ish on these gasket faces.

Operation 50—Finish line-bor-ing of cam and crank lines is per-formed in one of two 10-stationW. F. & John Barnes transfer ma-chine. This machine also com-pletes a number of other opera-tions: finish-bore the distributorhole; finish-bore two rear housingdowel holes; counterbore in the#5 main bearing; finish-face andchamfer the #3 main bearingthrust faces; planetary-mil l oilseal and slinger grooves in the #5bearing; finish-mill front and rearend surfaces. This machine has fiveidle stations.

Operation 60—Two Beach 4-sta-tion machines are employed forprobing and blow-out of all holesin both ends, both banks, and pan-rail; also brushing two oil galleryholes.

Operation 70—Cylinder boresare finish-bored in two, 3 stationIngersoll transfer machines. Fol-lowing this the blocks are washed.

Operation 90—Two four-stationBarnesdrill honing machines areinstalled for the first honing ofcylinder bores.

Operation 100 — Cylinder boresthen are finish-honed to producethe 8-15-mu surface finish in an-other group of Barnesdrill honingmachines.

Operation 110—Here the blockis turned to a vertical position inone of two vertical type Barnes-drill honing machines for honingthe five main bearings in line.

Blocks now are given a finalwash in a Hydromation washer,then go to a Beach assembly ma-chine for installation of the sixcup plugs. This is followed by anair leak test in a Beach machine.

This completes the machiningstages to be followed by inspec-tion overall before the blocks arerouted to the assembly line.

Part II, describing some of themajor operations on the nodulariron crankshaft and the cylinderheads will appear in an earlyissue. •


atDETROIT DIESEL

By Joseph Geschelin Detroit Editor

ALMOST SEVEN YEARS AGO we de-scribed an installation of a singleN/C Milwaukee-Matic which wasused in the machining of miscella-neous parts by Detroit Diesel En-gine Division. This was at a timewhen you could count productionN/C applications in the automotiveindustries on the fingers of yourhands. At that time the divisionwas running some 80 parts in smalllots, some parts in lots up to 150pieces.

Seven years later we inspected agroup of 46 N/C machines inter-spersed among various manufac-turing departments, many of thesebeing among the largest and mostexpensive on the market. This im-pressive array of N/C equipmentis only the beginning since DetroitDiesel intends to acquire still morein the future as the need arises.

This is indeed a notable exposi-tion of the cost economy and util-ity of N/C equipment. Certainly itpoints the way to similar applica-tions by parts makers serving theautomotive industries.

Although the division is a majorsupplier of diesel engines forcountless applications, the machin-ing of miscellaneous parts does notlend itself to mass productionmethods and is not economical toprocess with conventional equip-

ment. The reason for this is thatmany of these parts are requiredonly in very small lots. Such num-bers do not justify the special tool-ing and fixturing required for con-ventional machine tools.

Root of the matter is commonto all commercial engine buildersand many parts makers; the factthat engines and heavy duty com-ponents are tailor-made for eachcustomer and require many specialitems in small numbers. For ex-ample, among the parts handled byN/C equipment at Detroit Dieselare: air intake housings, miscella-neous small parts, miscellaneousbrackets and adapters, pump cov-ers, inlet elbows, various gearhousings, valve bodies, grooving ofcylinder block banks, addition ofnumerous odd holes in large cylin-der blocks, plus other items.

Although much has been saidabout the complexity of N/C equip-ment and its programming, DetroitDiesel finds it feasible to managesuch machines within its manufac-turing engineering department asa matter of course without resort-ing to a specialized N/C group.Selection of parts, routing, andproduction of tapes is done bymanufacturing engineering.

Applications are selected bymanufacturing engineering on the


DETROIT DIESEL continued

basis of cost economy. Similarly asthe numbers involved grow largeenough with increased engine de-mand, parts assigned to N/C equip-ment may be shifted to conven-tional equipment.

Major advantages of N/C equip-ment in this set-up are: improve-ment in quality control, and thefact that tape control assures con-formity with dimensional toler-ances and spacing. Apart fromthese factors, cost economy is thefirst consideration since small lotproduction does not justify themultiplicity of tooling and fixturesrequired with conventional ma-chining methods.

Noteworthy feature here is thatwhile all production parts manu-facture is managed by manufactur-ing engineering, the division alsomaintains an autonomous experi-mental engineering machine shopin which many components for en-gine prototypes are machined onN/C equipment.

With the inception of this pro-cedure, they realized major sav-ings in time and money. In thenormal course of events, prepara-tion of a small number of parts,whether small drilled plates orbrackets or cylinder blocks, in-volves toolroom methods: blueingfor hole patterns, precise layout ofhole patterns which must be accu-rately prick-punched. This is thenfollowed by meticulous care indrilling, boring, milling, etc. Thebig problem is that this proceduremust be repeated on each similarpiece if more than one is required.

With N/C equipment, the sameskilled mechanics prepare the se-quence of operations and the tape.When this has been completed, theN/C machine does the rest. If morethan one piece is required, thesame tape does the job. Inciden-tally, a major advantage in pro-ducing samples and prototypes isthat only the first piece requiresoverall inspection to assure accu-

racy; additional pieces will not re-quire overall inspection, only thechecking of critical dimensions.

It may be of interest to list theequipment current ly instal ledhere:

8—Milwaukee-Matics2—Avey drills6—G&L turret lathes2—Lucas boring mills3—Monarch lathes5—G&L Numeridrills3—Pratt & Whitney drills3—Cleereman drills2—Sundstrand Omnimills1—G&L horizontal boring mill2—Burgmaster drills7—Warner & Swasey chuckers2—DeVlieg boring mills

(to come)

In general the machine controlsfound here are those made by theN/C manufacturers as in the caseof G & L, P & W, W-S. The others,including Milwaukee-Matics areall General Electric.

We may mention too that al-though the division has parts thatrequire 5-axis equipment, there is

This is the Pratt & Whitney Tape-O-Maticmachine found in the experimental de-partment. It is used for drilling andtapping of small parts of all kinds, em-ploys manual tool changing.

Here is a close-up of the latest installa-tion of the Milwaukee-Matic machine.As seen here it is capable of handlinglarge cases such as the clutch housing.

not sufficient volume at present tojustify purchase of such largeequipment. Where 5-axis work isrequired it is farmed out to anoutside source.

Since some of the N/C equip-ment is set up in the experimentaldepartment, let us look at a fewof the applications in this area.Three of the G & L Numeridrillsare installed here to handle a widevariety of operations on manyparts. The Lucas boring mill isemployed primarily for boring andmilling cylinder blocks.

All of the Monarch lathes haveGeneral Electric control and arelocated in the experimental de-partment. They handle a variety ofparts, such as the gas turbine dif-fuser, pistons, and other intricateturned parts. A tape is preparedfor even a single piston since theengineers usually have to makeseveral trials before they are satis-fied. It is quite practical to makeminor changes and revisions of a

tape to accommodate requiredchanges in such features as com-bustion chamber geometry.

Another major cost advantagerelated to a part such as a pistonis this: previously if engineeringordered 100 experimental pistonsfor a special project, once the jobwas set up the experimental shopran the entire lot. Today, if it isfound that the pistons are requiredfor a six-cylinder engine and onlyone engine would be on test, theshop makes just six pistons. Laterthey can produce other numberssince the tape is available. More-over, if initial testing shows theneed for changes or revisions,these can be made on the tapewithout machining more than thenumber actually required. One cansee the great economy in this pro-cedure. Previously, if the entire lotwere run off and then it was foundnecessary to make changes, the en-tire lot might have to be scrapped.

Shifting to operations in the pro-

duction area, it is notable thatmuch of the N/C equipment is con-centrated in the flywheel depart-ment. This is explained by the factthat the division currently hassome 350 different variations insize and form and drilling. One ofthe principal machines here is theG & L vertical turret lathe whichis programmed to handle the vari-ety of stepped turning and facingand boring operations on many ofthe flywheels. This equipment issupplemented by the Avey drill,index tool head, for producing thedrilled holes. Interesting featureof this machine is the provision oftwo, independent horizontal headsfor the occasional drilling of oneor more holes in the periphery offlywheels. These heads are acti-vated by tape control.

One of the Cleereman drills inthe production department is asimple machine with manual toolchanging for a variety of miscel-laneous small parts required in

One of several Sundstrand Omnimillmachines in the production department.It is used mainly for the machining ofsections of the new 149 cylinder blocks.

An example of the G & L NumenCenterin the production department. Capabil-ity is for handling the larger compo-nents such as the flywheel housing seenhere.

DETROIT DIESEL continued

lots of one to ten. Although eachone has a tape, the set-up is mostsimple: no fixture is employed, thework being lined up with spacersand clamped securely.

The G & L NumeriCenter ma-chine is used for handling a vari-

ety of large cast iron parts forproduction as well as service. Thismachine is equipped with an auto-matic tool changer.

A noteworthy feature in the pro-duction area is the group of twoSundstrand Omnimills reserved

for large parts such as cylinderblocks. One of the jobs is the cyl-inder block section for the recentlyintroduced Series 149, 1000-hp 12-cylinder engine. At the start ofthe sequence of operations, theblock is presented to this N/C ma-chine for qualifying, then is trans-ported to conventional machinelines for the variety of operations:milling, boring, drilling, tapping,etc. At the end of the productionline the blocks are routed oncemore to the Sundstrand for com-pleting the drilling of all odd holes.

Milwaukee-Matics with theirGeneral Electr ic controls aregrouped in one area where theycan be scheduled to handle a largevariety of miscellaneous parts ma-chining.

Finally, the management at De-troit Diesel has some suggestionsto the N/C machine producers,based upon many years of experi-ence with a large installation.First is the matter of durability.It is estimated that with intensiveuse the tape-controlled machine isin operation about ten times therate of a conventional machine andat a higher rate of travel. Some ofthe parts wear out in the space ofa year, whereas similar parts ofconventional machines normallylast for ten years. Obviously, thereis a need to study the wearing andmoving parts and to seek improve-ments in size and design that maycontribute to greater durability. •

ABOVE LEFT. In the flywheel depart-ment this Avey drill does the drilling ofa variety of holes in flywheels. Thetwo heads in the background are re-quired occasionally for drilling the pe-riphery. These heads are activated bytape control for the special jobs.

LEFT. One of the Cleereman machinesin the miscellaneous machining de-partment. It handles a variety of smallparts such as the front runnion supportin this set up without fixtures, withmanual tool changing.


PRE-FINISH PROFILE

FINISHED PROFILE

B

FINISHINGTOOL CONTACT »- Z _ ~Z_

TROCHOID FILLET BYPREFINISHING CUTTER

TOO LITTLE STOCK-

RESULTING IN EXCESS

UNDERCUT AT S.A.R DIAMETER

PREFINISHINGCUTTER CONTACT

PATH OFFINISHING TOOL

PROPER STOCK -RESULTING IN SMOOTHBLEND NEAR FINISHING TOOLCONTACT

TOO MUCH STOCK-

RESULTING IN LEDGE (STEP)

NEAR THE ROOT

Fig. 1—Comparison of gear-tooth profile errors (A and C) introduced by improperblend of finishing cut with pre-finish cut formed by protuberance cutter. S.A.P.=start-of-active-profile

PRESSURE ANGLEINCREMENT

A New Concept in Cutting Intermediate-Pitch Gears

HIGHER TORQUE, broader ratio cov-erage, lower noise-levels andlonger life are some of the automo-tive gearing requirements that con-tinue to escalate year after year.Compounding these problems, thetransmission designer also has toface critical restrictions on gear-box size, materials and manufac-turing costs. Answers to many ofthese problems have been found incloser attention to the gear-toothroot-fillet area.

Optimum gear-tooth beamstrength is achieved when the filletcoincides precisely with the pathof the mating gear tip. Unfortu-nately, this "ideal" condition is

Bjf John ThOrntOn Applications EngineerThe Fellows Gear Shaper Co., Springfield, Vermont

entirely impractical. Nevertheless,to approximate the ideal model asclosely as possible under operatingconditions—and at productioneconomies — cutting-tool geometrybecomes a vital consideration.

Today's nearly universal two-op-eration cutting-technique producescompleted gear teeth which are acombination of the pre-finish andfinish cuts. The root/fillet area isactually finish-formed in the pre-finish cut, while the tooth flanks

are brought to finish form in thesecondary finishing operation. Con-sequently, the first-operation orpre-finish tool actually must per-form both as an efficient stock-re-mover and finishing tool—at leastat the tips of the cutter teeth. Thetool designer must therefore strikea compromise since features thatfavor the stock-removal functiontend to be detrimental to the fin-ishing function, and vice versa.

During the years since gear-


PREFINISHED PROFILE

. . . INCREMENT continued

M Fig. 2—When a full-fillet root isspecified, protuberance-type pre-shav-ing tools tend to sweep a portion ofthe undercut above the S.A.P. (start-of-active-profile)

shaving first became popular as afinishing method, it has generallybeen considered desirable to pro-vide undercut in the pre-shavedform. Ideally, the amount of un-dercut would precisely equal theamount of stock removed in thefinishing operation and be con-tained entirely below the start-of-active-profile (S.A.P.) to provide aperfect blend (Fig. IB). The finish-ing tool must contact the flanklower than the mating gear tip(0.010-in. radially is common), andthe deepest point of undercut andmaximum height of fillet must beplanned accordingly.

However, when a full-fillet rootis specified—and particularly whenthe mating par t contacts near

Fig. 3—Pressure-angle-increment cutter profile

' START OF ACTIVE PROFILED

PR6FINISH PROFILE

{p. A, INCREMENT TYPE)

m• L \ t

.....

^•*—j rI Ii i

--

, LOWEST\ CONTACT OF

FINISHING> TOOL•

L

FINISHED PROFILE

.0002


Fig. 5—Close-up of pressure-angle-in-crement shaper cutter

Fig. 6—View of work area of Fellows No. 4 Fini-Shear, with shroud removed,showing workpiece, cutter, and integral cutter-hone for self-sharpening

the base-circle diameter—the pre-shaving tool tends to sweep a por-tion of the undercut above theS.A.P. as seen in Fig. 2. In fact,cases have been encountered whereit was impossible to obtain anyundercut in the desired location.The condition can be improved byreducing the operating pressure-angle of the cutter, but this tendsto increase its wear-rate and mayproduce a rough finish in com-monly used steels such as SAE8620. Of course, the usable life ofthe tool is also decreased.

In cases where the desired un-dercut can be provided, the prob-lem of matching the two operationsremains. A perfect blend is ob-tainable only if the planned tooththickness is precisely achieved inboth the pre-finish and finishingoperations. In addition, stock-re-moval from different teeth in thefinishing operation must vary ifeccentricity, lead and spacing er-rors in the pre-finished gear are tobe corrected by the finishing proc-ess. Therefore, depending on theamount of correction actually ob-tained, some teeth will have goodblends (Fig. IB), some may haveundercut remaining (Fig. 1A), andothers may have a "step" in thefillet (Fig. 1C). Both of these im-perfections are considered detri-

•^ Fig. 4—Pre-finish form provided bypressure-angle-increment cutter is de-picted graphically on Proficorder re-cording of an actual gear inspectedbefore and after finishing

mental to gear strength, but thelatter is even less desirable if thestep is severe.

Modern finishing techniques ca-pable of greater correction haverecently become available, and thishas prompted a new look at thepre-finish tooling problems whichconfront the process engineer. Oneresult has been the increased .useof a cutting-tool profile termed"pressure angle increment." Thisprofile (Fig. 3)—effective witheither shaper cutters or hobs—eliminates from the cutter tip theprotuberance normally incorpo-rated to provide undercut in theroot/fillet area.

Actually, the "pressure angle in-crement" profile is basically thatwhich has been commonly used inproducing fine-pitch gears (18-pitch and finer) for many years,but was not believed practical forthe coarser pitches (6 to 18-pitch)suitable for highly-loaded automo-tive transmissions—primarily be-cause a greater amount of flankcorrection is required in the fin-ishing operation.

The "pressure angle increment"profile consists of a true involutefrom an enlarged base-circle diam-eter. The cutter geometry createsa pre-finish form where more stockis left to be removed at the tip ofthe tooth than at the root—in effectproviding tapered stock as seen inFig. 4. Starting as far below theS.A.P. as specifications permit, theinvolute rises gradually toward thetip. This procedure can provide up

to 0.0010-in. relief below the activearea, while allowing higher operat-ing-pressure angles for the pre-finish operation.

Elimination of protuberancefrom the cutter tip has severalmajor advantages, including:

1. Lower initial tool cost2. Longer life3. Better finish (since the pres-

sure angle increment profiledoes not have the protuber-ance design's inherent ten-dency to load and tear)

Although trial runs indicate thatshaving-cutter designs can be mod-ified to handle the unique toothform produced by the pressure an-gle increment cutters (Fig. 5), themost satisfactory results havingbeen achieved by using FellowsFini - Shear gear - finishing equip-ment. These machines (Fig. 6) fea-ture a cutter with the form of amaster gear, with the cutter-spindle mechanically-synchronizedwith the work-spindle.

This arrangement permits a rel-atively large amount of stock tobe removed with a high degree ofprecision and correction control—even correcting tooth-spacing er-rors automatically where they ex-ist. This pre-finish/finish toolingcombination assures an acceptableflank-root blend in the fillet areasof all teeth—and at substantiallylower tooling costs—as indicatedby production records of one majormanufacturer of manual transmis-sions who is currently producinga number of gears entriely by thisnew method. •


GROWING INVENTORYof LARCS

IN ADDITION TO the LARC V andthe LARC LX, the Army has addedthe LARC XV, to its growing in-ventory. LARC stands for Lighter,Amphibious Resupply Cargo. Des-ignation by V, XV, and LX indi-cates the load carrying capacity intons. Used to provide lighteragefor movement of cargo betweenship and shore or from ship toshore in logistical over-the-shoreoperations, the LARCs have proved

An aft-end-view of the LARC XV indi-cates the direction of travel during landoperation. The medium-size vehicle hascompleted confirmatory tests at Ft.Story, Va., the training center for am-phibians.

valuable in combat situations. TheLARC V, the smallest, and LARCLX, the largest, are being utilizedin Vietnam today. Capt. MichaelC. Redman, a former companycommander of an amphibian unitin Vietnam, who is presently seniorinstructor in the operation sectionof the Amphibian TransportationBranch at Fort Story, verifies that"In Vietnam, time and time again,the use of amphibian's has resolvedbottlenecks that would otherwisehave been unsolvable due to the lackof other resources. They can travelover terrain impassable for mili-tary trucks. By using amphibians,the mission is accomplished muchmore efficiently than would be thecase if conventional lighteragetrucks and materiel handling equip-ment were used," he says.

The LARC XV has just com-pleted confirmatory tests conductedby the U.S. Army General Equip-ment Test Activity (GETA) atFort Story, Va., training center forthe amphibians. Here all modifica-tions installed as a result of find-ings in previous tests were evalu-ated. How well the test vehicleperformed under simulated tacticalconditions was considered. The re-sult of the tests was favorable andthe LARC XV has been recom-mended for troop use.

At present, two are assigned tothe 305th Transportation Company


A ten-ton truck crane is transportedfrom ship to shore during tests at Ft.Story, Va.

at Fort Story commanded by 1stLt. Clarence I. Lewis Jr. Accord-ing to Lt. Lewis, maintenance onthe new LARC XV is easier sinceparts are interchangeable with theLARC V. Lieutenant Lewis findsthe LARC XV useful because ithas dual engines, is a lot faster,and can haul medium loads of fif-teen tons. The LARC XV carriesthree times the payload of theLARC V and is equipped with ahydraulically operated bow rampwhich, when lowered, provides anine-foot-wide access to the deck.Unlike the LARC V, it can carrylight wheeled and light weighttracked vehicles or three conexcontainers which can be loaded anddischarged over its ramp or by forklift. It is likely to see action in com-bat areas, such as Vietnam.

Capable of transporting a maxi-mum load of 30,000 pounds duringland and marine operations, themedium-sized amphibian has a landspeed of 20.5 miles per hour onsmooth, hard surfaces and 9.7 milesper hour on water. It is 15.5 feethigh, 14.5 feet wide and 45 feetlong. Like the other amphibians,the four-wheeled vehicle is equippedwith off-road type low-pressuretubeless tires which permit travelover soft surfaces such as mud orsand. Operated by a two-man crew,it can ascend or descend forty per-cent slopes at one mile per hour

and operate on side slopes oftwenty-five percent without harmto the cargo, which is secured onthe vehicle by tie down hooks lo-cated on each side of the 24-footby 10-foot cargo compartment. Re-inforced bulwark curtains on eachside of the cargo deck help protectthe cargo by reducing the amountof water shipped over to its lowfreeboard.

Constructed of welded aluminumand powered by two Cumminsdiesel engines, its aluminum alloyhull with its boatlike shape allowsthe medium sized LARC maximumspeed during marine operations.Controls and instruments in theoperator's cab at the LARC's sterncontrol both land and sea opera-tions. Instrument panels are in-stalled on the control tower in sucha manner that control and instru-ments can be read from either side.Adjustable land drive seat, steer-ing wheel, and braking controls arelocated facing aft. An adjustablemarine steering wheel and seat arelocated facing forward. For bettervisibility during marine operation,a plexiglass bubble has been pro-vided and the marine steering pivotarm can be rotated 180 degrees thusallowing all around visibility. Theoperator can stand, as on any ship,during marine operations.

The LARC XV is equipped withtwo complete independent hydraulic

systems. One system, the main hy-draulic system, a closed center sys-tem, operates the power steering,the bilge pumps and ramp installa-tion. The other system operates theservice branches of the vehicle suchas the brake system. For emer-gencies, a 24-volt electric drive hy-draulic pump is provided. Forpumping water from the bilge area,which keeps the LARC afloat, hy-draulically operated bilge pumpsare used.

The amphibian is powered bytwo, four cycle, eight cylinder "V"type Cummins diesel fuel engines,each having a power rating of 300horsepower at 3000 revolutions perminute. The two engines are locatedforward of the fan drive in thestern of the LARC and are coveredby three watertight hatches. Eachengine is provided with a completeand independent cooling, startingand generating system. Outputfrom each engine is applied to thepower train through a torque con-verter consisting mainly of an im-peller, a turbine, and a stator. For-ward and reverse movement is con-trolled by the FNR transmission.The transmission can be used forboth land and sea operations andhas no speed range selections. TheLARC XV is capable of single en-gine operation.

Power is transmitted from boththe converter and FNR transmis-


1 Engines 62 Propeller shaft 63 Torque converter 74 Differential transmission 8

BrakesRight angle drivesAxle endTransfer transmission

9 Differential end10 P-N-R transmission11 Main drive shafts

Power train components of the LARC XV.

View of the three LARCS: The LARC LX (left) is thelargest; the LARC XV (middle) is the medium size,and the LARC V (right) is the smallest.

sions by means of drive shafts andrespective input housings of thetransfer transmissions, a spur geartype transmission with two hy-draulic clutches located forward ofthe converter and FNR. The trans-fer transmission provides high, neu-tral, and low range gearing to thedifferential transmission for landdrive and engagement or disengage-ment of the propeller shaft.

The unique characteristic com-mon to all amphibians is theirability to traverse on both land andsea. During land operations, a dou-

ble acting hydraulically operatedclutch on the input shaft of thetransmission connects either gearto the output shaft of the differen-tial transmission. On land theLARC is usually operated with cabend forward for better operatorvisibility but can operate with theramp end forward if necessary. TheLARC can be operated by oblique,four-wheel or two-wheel steer. Inoblique steer, used in areas ofsofter terrain and steep slopes, allfour wheels turn simultaneously inthe same direction. During four-

wheel steer, thirty degree turns canbe made. Here all four wheels turnsimultaneously with the forwardwheels turning in opposite direc-tions from the stern wheels. Two-wheel steer, used on hard smoothsurfaces and improved highwaysonly, navigates angles up to fifteendegrees.

For marine operations, the LARCXV is equipped with a 60.16 poundanchor, 250 foot anchor line and50 foot mooring line. When enter-ing the water in marine and landdrive (throttle at desired settingand steer selector switch on twowheel steer) the LARC is thenheaded into any surf breakers, tide,currents, or wind with ramp endforward. A single acting hydrau-lically operated clutch connects ordisconnects power to the marinedrive shaft. Power from the en-gines is applied through a marinegear to drive a four blade propellerlocated at the stern. Speed is con-trolled by the throttle shift lever.The amphibian can be operatedwith the land drive in either highor low range. Ships are approachedat a twenty degree angle. And whenlanding, the LARC leaves the wa-ter at ninety degrees to the shoreline and slowly maneuvers out ofthe water. The amphibians are ca-pable of entering or leaving thewater over sharp rocks and coralsand are maneuverable on sandbeach areas.

The LARC XV has come a longway. Testing was begun in 1959by the prototype manufacturerBorg-Warner Corp. of Kalamazoo,Mich. Freuhauf Corporation ofFullerton, California has the cur-rent production contract. Freuhauflighters have been tested in thedeserts of Yuma, Ariz, the surfsat Monterey and Camp Pendleton,Calif., and the sand dunes of FortStory, Va. One experimental modelwas assigned for use in space cap-sule recovery at Cape Kennedy. Alltests have proved favorable and theLARC XV is definitely destined fora combat career in future logisticalover-the-shore operations. •


MODES ofMOBILITY

P A R T I I . . . By Ernest N. PetrickChief Scientist and Technical DirectorU. S. Army Tank—Automotive Command

This is the concluding installment of a two-part article.Part I appeared in the December 1 issue of AUTOMO-TIVE INDUSTRIES

IT IS OBVIOUS from the foregoingthat a complexity of requirementsis placed on an organization whichmust support component subsys-tems and vehicles ranging fromstrictly conventional devices to de-vices on the forefront of technolog-ical knowledge.

The recent reorganization of theCommand provided an opportunityto restructure the Laboratories tomeet two basic objectives:

(1) To continue and expand lab-oratory research and developmentalsupport of existing and near-futurecomponents and vehicular systems.

(2) To provide advanced vehicu-lar and components concepts "forwhich tactics can be evolved to mil-itary advantage." The latter pur-pose is a distinct expansion overprevious efforts. Heretofore themilitary user had specified a vehicle

to meet a particular requirement,now the developer is enjoined toprovide a vehicular concept fromwhich the user can devise a newmilitary tactic.

Presently numbering 500 people,a growth to 800 is anticipated.Four major laboratories: AdvancedVehicle Systems, Mobility Systems,Propulsion Systems, and Automo-tive Components and Materials,coupled with a smaller Physical Sci-ence Laboratory and a group ofAdvanced Concept Managers, con-stitute the organization.

The Advanced Vehicle SystemsLaboratory is a new grouping, or-ganized specifically to provide moreattention to (1) the long-range re-quirements of the Army and (2)the pursuit of radically new ap-proaches to long-standing militaryproblems. Its mission is to accom-


Electrical subsystem

Mechanical suspension system

Marginal terrain vehicle


Prototype five-ton truck

BELOW. Propulsion system evolution

PROPULSION SYSTEM EVOLUTION^!

ENGINES I* NUCLEAR Oc DIRECT ENERGY *

CONVERSION §

100%INTEGRATEDPROPULSION

SYSTEM

• ADVANCE CONVENTIONAL 1975ENStNES

# f U E L CELL

HIGH OUTPUT C.I.ENGINES (AC!

I1966

• TURBINE• VERY HISH

OUTPUT MULTIFUEtC.I. (AC £.LC!

• HYBRID• STIRLING

• TURBINE "• HIGH OUTPUT 1 9 6 8

C.I. MULT!FUELENGINE ( A C C L C "

1970

1

1070

1 9 7 5 • • ELECTROMECHANICAL

I»HYDROMECHANICAL*INFINITLY VARIABLE FRICTION DEVICES#INTEGRATED CONVERSION SYSTEMS

*£L£CTRICSfHYDROMECHANICAL RANGE

& STEERsMNFINITLY VARIABLE FRICTION DEVICES

MJLTiFUELv.t ENSINES

n1963

•1966,

1968 »HYDROM6CHANICAL RANGE WITH„ HYDROSTATIC STEER & FULL SPEED REVERSE

HYDROKINETIC RANGE WITHHYDROSTATIC STEER it FULL SPEED REVERSE

1965 » HYOROKINETIC RANGE WITHHYDROSTATIC STEER

TRANSMISSIONS1QK1- * HYDROKINETIC RANCE WITH" D 1 SEAREO &/0R CLUTCH BRAKE STEER

LEFT. M60 tracked vehicle

MOBILITY continued

plish long-range concepts of enditems and, in turn, to indicate thedirection of research and develop-ment work on components. It is in-tended, when a mutually satisfac-tory procedure is developed withautomotive vehicle firms, to place"borrowed" (and skilled) indus-trial vehicle designers in this labo-ratory on an exchange basis in or-der to enhance both the Army's andIndustry's know-how in fields perti-


QUADRUPED TRANSPORTER

MOBILITY . . . continued

nent to Army's vehicle require-ments.

The Mobility Systems Labora-tory has consolidated the Frame,Suspension and Track Laboratoryand the Land Locomotion Labora-tory into a single group in order toeffect better translation of the soilmechanics effort in ground strengthand terrain-vehicle interactions intovehicle design. A new ScientificComputer Division has been estab-lished within the Mobility SystemsLaboratory. In addition to provid-ing new computer facilities andcentralizing all analytical work per-taining to vehicle performance, thecomputer organization is respon-sible for all of the activities in vi-bration research, particularly theman-vehicle interaction.

{Turn to page 98, please)

CHIEF SCIENTIST/TECHNICALDIRECTOR of LABORATORIES

ADVANCED CONCEPTMANAGERS

VEHICULAR COMPONENTSand MATERIALS LABORATORY

MattDiv

ElecDiv

iAuimvCompsDiv

LabsSup*Div

ADVANCED VEHICLESYSTEMS LABORATORY

ConceptFormulationDivision

Long Rong«TechnicalForecastingDivision

Fire PowerSub-SystemInteg Div

US Army Tank-Auto-motive CommandLaboratories

PROPULSION SYSTEMSLABORATORY

PistonEng Div

PowerTrainDiv

Turb aRotaryEng Div

PowerSystemsEval Div

MOBILITY SYSTEMSLABORATORY

1FrameSuspen 8Track Div

1LandLocomDiv

1ScientificComputerDiv

PHYSICAL SCIENCELABORATORY


DEVELOPMENTS IN

INDUSTRIAL ENGINESBy Engineering Editor

PARTI

Allis-Chalmers prototypeModel 45000 is a V-8Diesel displacing 1358cu in. Turbocharged-and-intercooled, it wasdesigned to produceabout 700 hp

As has been the case in prioryears, this Al annual report is cen-tered on recent developments inengines for industrial installations—stationary and the multitude ofother work equipment. It is basedupon information obtained from ageneral survey of 21 engine build-ers.

Inasmuch as many new engines—for a variety of applications, in-cluding industrial—have alreadybeen described in Al during thepast year, the report is not all-inclusive. Essentially, its main ob-jective is to round out, or supple-ment, this earlier coverage—withrespect to engines being offeredfor industrial uses.

Since the report will describethe latest models of several enginemakers, it will be continued in aforthcoming issue of AUTOMOTIVEINDUSTRIES

ALLIS-CHALMERS MFG. CO.

Four large 4-stroke turbochargedDiesel models are new in the indus-trial and heavy-equipment powerfield of Allis-Chalmers. Two areredesigns of prior models and justbecoming available—while the other

two are prototypes only at the pres-ent time and will not be marketeduntil around mid-1968.

The two models in the prototypestage—and now being field-tested—are the first in a new series of60°-V engines that will eventuallyexceed 1000 hp. They are V-8s

with bores and strokes of 6 x 6 in.,displacing 1358 cu in. One—theModel 41000—is turbocharged, andits companion model—the 45000—is turbocharged-and-intercooled.The Model 45000 is designed to pro-duce about 700 hp and operate atspeeds up to 2200 rpm. L-w-h di-


Allis-Chalmers new Mark II series Model 25000 Diesel dis-places 844 cu in. in its six cylinders. Also turbocharged-and-intercooled, this engine is rated 435 hp maximum at2100 rpm

Transverse sectional view of Allis-Chal-mers Mark II series Models 21000 and25000

ALLIS-CHALMERS . . . continued

mensions of the 45000 are 61 in.,52 in. and 74 in.; and it weighsapprox. 5000 1b.

Each cylinder of the new V-se-ries has twin directional intakeports, and the unit fuel-injectorsare Allis-Chalmers. Camshafts arelocated just below the top deck ofthe cylinder block, and the entirevalve mechanism is located in thecylinder heads. This is said to re-sult in performance comparable tooverhead-camshaft engines, with-out the use of additional gearing.The gear train is at the flywheelend of the engine for minimizingtorsional effects. Provision hasbeen made for multiple gear-drivenauxiliary ptos that will handle upto 200 hp.

Called the Mark II series, thenew versions of the 21000 and25000 Diesels contain many engi-neering improvements. These com-panion 6-in -line models have boresand strokes of 5% x 6% in., dis-placing 844 cu in. Model 21000 is

turbocharged and has a maximumrating of 385 hp at 2100 rpm. Model25000 is turbocharged-and-inter-cooled, and is rated 435 hp maxi-mum at 2100 rpm. Both modelshave a compression ratio of 16:1;and net basic-engine weights areclose to 3300 lb.

Among the improvements madein the Mark II Models 21000 and25000 are:

New cylinder block with 32 ribsto strengthen and stiffen the cast-ing.

Micro-finish on cylinder walls foradded oil-holding capability.

New piston and ring combination—including 3rd ring with a beveledface to provide improved lubrica-tion.

Crankshaft is new, and madefrom vacuum-degassed steel.

Connecting rod bearings have al-loy-steel backings.

Newly-designed cooling jet addedto spray oil on undersides of pis-tons.

Piston pins have increased stiff-ness to minimize deflection at highspeeds.

Exhaust-valve and valve-seat-in-sert angles changed from 45° to30°.

Larger turbocharger.Larger 13y2-in.-diam viscous tor-

sional-vibration damper on front ofcrankshaft.

New fuel-injection pump with12-mm plungers and barrels, newlines, and larger nozzle, holes andan injection-pressure increase to3800 psi. Fuel-pump coupling hasbeen strengthened, and sealed.

Larger oil pump and piping.New multi-stage oil filter.Larger oil cooler, for holding oil

temperature to a maximum of220 F.

Front engine supports rede-signed and strengthened.

New shielded dipstick enables oil-check with engine running.


BRIGGS & STRATTON CORPORATION

"Synchro-Balancing" on the new Briggs & Stratton 7-hpengine is accomplished by counterweights which move ina direction opposite to that of the piston. For ease of view-ing, the sketches are turned 90°—since the 7-hp modelis a vertical-shaft engine

Briggs & Stratton's new Series 170700"Synchro-Balanced" 7-hp single-cylin-der aircooled engine

The latest model in this maker'sline of single-cylinder 4-stroke air-cooled gasoline engines is the 7-hpSeries 170700. With a bore andstroke of 3 x 2% in., piston dis-placement of the Series 170700 en-gine is 16.79 cu in. Its maximumrating of 7 hp is at 3600 rpm. Netweight amounts to 43% lb. Fea-tured is "Synchro - Balancing"—claimed to reduce engine vibrationby 80%.

Briggs & Stratton initially in-troduced "Synchro-Balancing" inthe fall of 1966 on a 12-hp horizon-tal-shaft engine. The new "Syn-chro-Balanced" 7-hp is the first ap-

plication by B&S to a vertical-shaftengine. Essentially, the system onthe 7-hp model (as illustrated) con-sists of heavy counterweights whichturn opposite to the direction ofthe piston, approximately equalingthe moving weight (or force) ofthe piston and connecting rod as-sembly.

Of "Kool-Bore" design, the Se-ries 170700 engine is largely of alu-minum construction. Cylinder block,including bore, is of high siliconcopper-aluminum alloy — and thepiston is of aluminum alloy, hardchrome-plated. Cylinder head andthe I-beam connecting rod also are

of aluminum alloy. Seats for thepoppet valves are inserts of sin-tered alloy.

Crankshaft is of heat- treatedductile iron, and the crankpin andmain journals are induction-hard-ened. Main bearings are of alumi-num alloy. Integral with the crank-shaft are the counterweights andcamshaft drive gear.

Starter is of the positive rewindtype—assisted by Briggs & Strat-ton's "Easy-Spin" starting system(which holds the intake valveslightly off its seat during a por-tion of the compression stroke).

CATERPILLARTRACTOR CO.

Cutaway view of Caterpillar's new 270-hp Model 1674 six-cylinder motor-truckDiesel—which in the industrial versionis Model D334. Note the twin overheadcamshafts with four valves per cylinder—also that the gear train is at theflywheel end of engine

Two Diesels—a 6-in-line and aV-16—plus a gas turbine are thenewest models in the wide powerrange being offered by the Indus-trial Division of Caterpillar Trac-tor Co.

In the Diesel type are 4-in-line,6-in-line, V-8, V-12 and now V-16configurations, with piston dis-placements from 252 to 3928 cu in.


CATERPILLARTRACTOR CO. i continued

Caterpillar's new Model D399 is a turbo-charged-and-aftercooled V-16 Diesel,with a displacement of 3928 cu in. andintermittent-duty rating of 1425 hp at1300 rpm

Power ratings are from 50 hp con-tinuous-duty to 1700 hp maximum.These engines also are available inthe form of Diesel-electric sets withoutputs from 30 to 800 kw. Mostare obtainable as natural-gas en-gines for stationary applications,having an overall continuous-dutypower range from 115 to 930 hp—with or without electric generators.

Designated the Model D334—with an equivalent truck enginecalled the Model 1674—the new6-in-line industrial Diesel is turbo-charged and aftercooled. Bore andstroke are 4.75 x 6 in., for a totaldisplacement of 638 cu in. Indus-trial ratings are 220 hp continuous-duty at 2000 rpm—280 hp intermit-tent-duty and 335 hp maximum at2200 rpm. Dry weights are about2260 lb for the truck model and2390 lb for the industrial model.Design and construction details ofthese two Diesel models include:

Twin overhead camshafts, withfour valves per cylinder.

Cylinder sleeves are of molybde-num alloy iron, induction-hardenedand precision-honed, and of thereplaceable wet type.

Crankshaft is of forged alloysteel — with journals induction-hardened, shot-peened and. super-finished to within 5 to 10 mil-lionths. Bearings are of steel-backedaluminum alloy.

Pistons are of aluminum alloy,elliptically-ground—and have inte-grally-cast iron bands for the toprings. They are jet-oil cooled. Thethree piston rings on each pistonare chrome-faced.

Valves are Stellite-faced, andfitted with rotators. Valve seatsare inserts of hard alloy steel.

In the fuel system are no-adjust-ment individual injection pumpsand single-orifice fuel injectors.Precombustion chambers are em-ployed.

Largest engine in the current

In the latest Caterpillar industrial line is this "second-generation" gas turbine engine. Of two-shaft design andweighing but about 400 lb, it produces up to 400 hp

Caterpillar line, the new V-16 in-dustrial Diesel represents an ex-tension (four more cylinders) ofCaterpillar's 6.25-in.-bore series.Called the Model D399, the V-16has a bore and stroke of 6.25 x 8in. and displaces 3928 cu in. ItsDiesel ratings are 1125 hp continu-ous at 1225 rpm—1425 hp inter-mittent and 1700 hp maximum at1300 rpm. Dry weight is approx.15,000 lb. This engine is availablein a natural-gas version.

Also turbocharged and after-cooled, construction details of theV-16 Model D399 are generally likethose listed above for the ModelD334—except that the D399 has atypical overhead valve mechanism

with pushrods (and not overheadcamshafts).

Brand-new in the Caterpillarpower line-up is a "second-genera-tion" industrial gas turbine engine.This engine is of two-shaft design,with two independent single-stageaxial turbines—one driving thecompressor and the other the out-put shaft (through torque-sharingtriple - lay - shaft double - reductiongearing). The power turbine oper-ates at a maximum speed of 24,500rpm. Output ratings are 300 hpcontinuous at 2250 rpm, 360 hp in-termittent at 2400 rpm, and 400 hpmaximum at 2450 rpm. Weight ofthe industrial gas turbine engine isabout 400 lb.

MINNEAPOLIS-MOLINE, INC.

In the Minneapolis-Moline seriesof industrial powerplants, the latestoffering is the Model DHD504-6Aself-contained power unit.

This unit has a 6-in-line ohv4-stroke Diesel engine with a boreand stroke of 4% x 5 in., displacing



ANOTHERPRESTOLITECAPABILITY

Machining customers' semi-finished partsto exacting specificationsA customer's semi-finished distributor bowl is precision-machined to his exacting specifications and returned for finalassembly.

Prestolite has proven capabilities in the areas of machining,metal forming, injection molding, compression molding, chromeplating of plastics, assembly, and coil winding. And, we havemanufacturing facilities available in Canada for firms locatedin the U. S.—and vice versa.

With a broadening exchange of products between U. S. andCanada, services such as these become more important. If youare interested, why not give us a call. Area Code 41 9-244-2811.

THE PRESTOLITE COMPANY - Division of ELTRA Corporation • TOLEDO, OHIO 43601


\

Use TheseSCULLYJONES I Adapters

i

To Tool1ial & Upright Drillsret LathesItiple Spindle Machines.ling Machines

and get

withscaurJONES

_ _ 13'1. Quick-Change Chuck and Collet 2. Turret Tool Holder 3. Adjustable Adapter4. Collet Holder 5. Center Drill Driver 6. Drill Chuck 7. Drill Stop 8. Close CenterTap Driver 9. Heavy Duty Tap Holder 10. Safe-Torque Tap Driver 11. FloatingHolder 12. C'Bore Driver, Cutter and Pilot 13. Recessing Tool and CutterScully-Jones Company, a Subsidiary of The Bendix Corporation,1903 South Rockwell Street, Chicago, Illinois 60608. Phone: 312—Bl shop 7-5900.

' tools and tooling systemsyou get these advantages:• Complete versatility• Lower inventory costs• Reduced skill requirements• Increased machine utilization• Protection against obsolescence• Repeatable accuracy, etc.

Send for a copy ofour standard toolingsystems manual...contains completetooling diagrams onall four systems.

R 226-1

Automation


N E W EQUIPMENTI l L l V fnr PRODI lOTION S. PI Jfor PRODUCTION & PLANT

FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION, please use reply card at back of issue I By Bill Bickley, Materials Editor

Fitting WindowsA transparent glass window may

be hermetically fused into any stand-ard or special tube fitting of steel,cast iron, or copper by this fusingprocess.

Pressures up to 5000 psi and tem-peratures up to 700 °F can be han-dled by such glass-metal assemblies.They are available in many configu-rations, conforming to MS or indus-trial standards, with clear or tintedglass windows. Technical Develop-ment Co.


Strain RecorderThe Datran II Strain Indicator,

Model 321, can accurately scan 10channels per second and has a basicrange of 10,000 microstrain.

The unit is a self-balancing preci-sion dc millivolt/volt instrument formeasuring outputs of strain gagesin the 60 to 1000-ohm range.

Readout, with automatic polarity,is by an illuminated "Nixie" digital

Assemble-matic Works Differential Carrier Assemblies

display. The Model 321 can scan thestrain sensing channels in any offour switch-selected modes: 1) con-tinuously read one channel; 2) onechannel once and stop, next commandwill read the next channel in sequence,etc.; 3) read each channel once in anyconsecutive series of 2 to 100, thenstop automatically; and 4) read eachchannel in any consecutive series of2 to 100, repeating this sequence untilstopped manually. Instruments Div.,The Budd Co.


Ring gear and pinion backlash are set on 500 differential carrier assemblies perhour by this Assemble-matic. The machine handles two different assemblieswhich are simultaneously transferred through 22 stations. At station 7, it auto-matically rotates the ring gear and pinion in zero backlash position, measuringaxial movement of the ring gear, stops the ring gear in mean runout position,measures spaces for shims, and relays these dimensions to a digital readout unitin station 8. The Cross Co.


Electron Beam Weld Tube Mill

Two components makeup this continuous, out-of-vacuum electron beam(EB) weld tube mi l l .These are a Yoder W-15tube mill and a standardelectron beam non-vac-uum welding system.Tube has been producedof 304 and 304L stain-less steels and Inconelat speeds from 40 to 80fpm on the mill. The testfacility produces tubehaving a y2 in. OD withwall thicknesses from0.016 and 0.040 in. TheYoder Co.

Circle 34 on InquiryCard for more data


CONTROLWHERE1HE

No need to risk crankshaft and accessory drives when answering thebig demand for increased power output. Houdaille applies overtwenty years experience in viscous damper design to meet the chal-

Slenge. Damper rotational speed limits have beenextended. Components are fabricated from specialmaterials to meet critical requirements in weight,inertia and non-magnetic properties. These are just

some of the most recent advances in a torsional vibration damper line alreadyproved to outlast and outperform all other designs. Untuned Houdaille dampersprovide effective control across the range of engine criticals. Completely sealed,heavy-duty construction makes them unsurpassed for engine-life duty with zeromaintenance.To getmaximumout-

put from your engine de- H O U D A I L L Esign and reduce torsional U V F I D A I I I I O Qstress "where the action n ¥ U M # % M 1 - I * # ais" check with Houdaille. D £ U W A N '™ U ° E 'Write for catalog TVD-165. BUFFALO, NEW YORK 14211


NEW PRODUCTS...AUTOMOTIVE-AVIATION

FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION, please use reply card at back of issue By BUI Bicklejf, Materials Editor

Brake ValveWM-621 is the designation of a dual

control valve for spring actuatedparking brakes. It will operate anyof the variety of spring brakes avail-able requiring air pressure to release.It performs the functions of a springbrake control, an emergency springbrake release, and contains an in-ternal check valve that isolates andmaintains the highest tank pressure

(high governor setting) to insurecomplete positive brake release at alltimes and avoid the possibility ofdragging brakes.

The control works on manual re-lease only; the driver must be in thecab to release the parking brake. Itcannot be left in a released positionbelow 35 pounds of pressure. Manualapplication is possible at any timeand automatic application will takeplace between 35 and 40 psi tank pres-sure. Williams Air Controls Co.


Ball JointThe Type SR ball joint has a re-

taining ring inside the socket. Theretaining ring reduces end play andvirtually eliminates vibration wear,according to the manufacturer. Thering also increases angularity to a

Exclusive ftetatning Ring

full 40-deg cone. Shock loads andend pull up to 3135 pounds are han-dled without shoulder separation ornoticeable distortion.

All components are heat treatedsteel. J. J. Tourek Mfg. Co.


Wheel Oil SealThe 5000 series wheel oil seal is

primarily designed for truck andtractor front axles. It has two sealinglips. One seals the lubricating oilinside the wheel bearing and theother seals out dirt and dust.

The 5000 series model consists ofa seal assembly that is installed inthe wheel hub and a highly polishednickel-plated axle sleeve. The twosealing lips rotate against the axlesleeve. The Mechanex Corp.


BearingsType RAX needle roller bearings

combine both radial and axial loading.

The inseparable assembly com-prises a needle thrust bearing and acage-guided needle radia l bearing.

The thrust portion has an integralraceway which supports high axialloads, whether the movement is rotaryor oscillatory.

Currently available with bores from10 to 70 mm, RAX bearings also canbe furnished with a matching thrustrace attached by means of steel rimfitted to the OD of the bearing. Gar-lock-Nadella Inc.


Hydraulic PumpsDump trucks, on-the-farm hoists

and similar applications are wherethe DP 2 Series pumps can be used.They come in two models delivering11% or 15 gpm at pressure settingsof 1000 to 2500 psi. A hydraulic cir-cuit breaker relief valve in the pumpcannot be over-ridden.

The pumps weigh 19 pounds. Valvesand seals can be adjusted or replacedwithout removing the pump from thetruck. Tyrone Hydraulics, Inc. Circle 74 on Inquiry Card for more data


HA OSEHe's right and that's it. He'll never back down. RO ADR ANGER6 Transmissions are justas hard-nosed. They never back down either. • Twin countershafts in all models . . .5-, 10-, 13-, and 15-speed.. . divide torque load in half . . . cut gear wear. One stickhandles every shift. • One of them can help increase the profitability of yourtractors. Drop us a line. We'll tell you why. Then, you make your "call."

EATONYALE eTOWNE F U L L E R TRANSMISSION DIVISION

222 MOSEL AVENUE. KALAMAZOO. MICHIGAN 49001


NewProducts

(Continued from page 87)

Power Take-OffSpicer PTO models GA, GB, and

GC were designed specifically for the1968 Chevrolet 4-speed transmissionCH-465. They have heavier double-roller needle bearings on the shiftable

input gear, taper roller bearings onthe output shaft, and wider gears toprovide longer life. The unit is pack-aged with cable control and stud kit.Dana Parts Co.


Fastener AlloyMultiphase is a fastener alloy that

offers the combination of highstrength and high ductility with ex-cellent corrosion resistance and re-sistance to stress-corrosion cracking.

The material has a nominal comp-osition of 35% nickel, 35% cobalt, 20%chromium and 10f/< molybdenum. Itwas developed by E. I. DuPont deNemours & Co., with rights and tech-nology acquired by SPS. A familyof fasteners made from the alloy sys-tem will be introduced.

With current technology, fastenerswith a minimum ultimate tensilestrength of 260,000 psi and minimumshear strengths of 130,000 psi can beproduced. The high strength isachieved by a combination of coldwork, transformation and aging. Atthe 260,000 psi strength level, the ma-terial has a minimum elongation of8r/r. Precision Fastener Div., Stand-ard Pressed Steel Co.


Roller BearingsThis company's MC Series roller

bearings have a newly designed bear-ing cage. The smooth, tapered cagepockets have no sharp contact edgesand offer maximum holding securityfor the rollers. The relieving processused is said to promote greater lubri-cation distribution and less lubrica-

Drain Valve

tion "wipe-off" under load conditions.Punched from a flat steel strip, the

cage is formed into a tubular shapeand lap welded. Lap welding isclaimed to cover more than three timesthe area, thus forming a strong weld.Orange Roller Bearing Co.


Nameplate FinishesArmor-Plate and Chem-Tex are

nameplate finishes with good solventand abrasion resistance. They arechemically fused over the surface ofself-bonding nameplates, and protectprinted legends with a hard, toughfinish.

The finishes are used over alumi-num or vinyl surfaces. Armor-Plateis clear and smooth. It produces adeep-luster shiny finish, or a thickvelvet matte finish. Chem-Tex can be

00Q0Q-Armor-Plate or Chem-Tex Finish

-Printed Legend or Design

Self-Bonding Adhesive-1 Liner-used to create scratch brush, woodgrain, leather grain and other tex-tured effects. They chemically becomepart of the nameplate. W. H. BradyCo.


The DV-2 automatic drain valveejects moisture from a vehicle's airbrake system upon a slight reductionin reservoir pressure. It operatesautomatically from increasing anddecreasing air system (reservoir)pressures and requires no manual as-sistance or control lines from othersources.

The valve weighs approximatelyone pound, has only one moving partand is simply screwed directly intoeither the bottom or end drain portof the reservoir. It has a Dutch weaveMonel wire cloth filter and a die castaluminum body and cover. Bendix-Westinghouse Automotive Air BrakeCo.


Fluidic Connector

PLASTIC TUBING

The USM fluid flow connector isused to link the plastic tubing whichcarries fluid to the logic board in afluidic assembly. The connector andassembly kit are especially for use influidic circuitry, development, proto-type and limited production work.

The connectors are made of 5052aluminum with brass colored alodinefinish. They accommodate % in. plas-tic tube connections. They have testedto holding pressures in excess of 100psi, and can be set conventionally, orcountersunk where additional strengthis required. USM Fastener Co., Div.of United Shoe Machinery.



BALL BUSHINGSbe BALL BEARING

for your

SEVENStandard

Types

Precision Type

Adjustable DiameterType forZero Clearance

Open Typefor Supported Shafts;Zero Clearance

Instrument TypeVB", 'At" and <A

Die-Set Type

Low Friction and WearLasting Precision Alignment

Eliminate Binding and ChatterZero Shake or Play

Long Life —Low MaintenanceEliminate Stick-Slip

Solve Sliding LubricationProblems

Sliding linear motions are nearly alwaystroublesome. Thousands of progressive engi-neers and designers have solved this problemby application of BALL BUSHINGS on guiderods, reciprocating shafts, push-pull actions,and in support of any mechanism that ismoved or shifted in a straight line. Improveyour product! Up-date your design and per-formance with THOMSON BALL BUSHINGS!

Seven types cover a shaft diameter range of'.s" to 4". Small sizes available in StainlessSteel.

Progressive Manufacturers use BALL BUSHINGS-

A Major Improvement at a MINOR COST!

We will promptly send.on request, catalog

containing completetechnical information m mm mm I f «K m9 mW A

and prices •Circle 139 on Inquiry Card for more data

TOUCH-TRANSFER Table

Dept.NNMANHASSETNEW YORK

M-T Orders Still OffCompared with the boom-year

situation of 1966—and even com-pared to the earlier months of 1967—net new orders for machine toolsin November continued at the lowerlevel which prevailed in Septemberand October.

The November total, as computedby the National Machine ToolBuilders' Assn., amounted to a pre-liminary $90.6 million. This com-pares with $90 million in October,$89.65 million in September, and$122.55 million in August. As re-lated to November, 1966's $127.8million, the drop in November, '67,was $37.2 million (29.1%).

For 1967 thus far (11 months),net new orders total $1166.3 mil-lion—favorable with many prioryears, but off $557 million (32.3%)from the $1723.4 million bookedduring the 1966 boom.

Shipments of machine tools inNovember, at $132.9 million pre-liminary, not only exceeded incom-ing orders, but also bettered No-vember, 1966's, $124.6 million by$8.3 million (6.6%).

The 11-month '67 total is now$1435.9 million—a gain of $115million (8.7%) over the $1320.8million shipped in the same monthsof 1966.

Electric Car Delay?Motorists may have to wait 5 to

10 years before a practicable bat-tery can be found for assembly lineproduction of an electric car, aChrysler Corp. vice president pre-dicted in Long Beach, Calif.

The electric car is not "justaround the corner," said Byron J.Nichols, Chrysler marketing vicepresident. He said the turbine en-gine might offer a better short-range alternative to the piston en-gine for transportation.

But noise and acceleration prob-lems, along with fuel consumption,a special transmission and newmanufacturing techniques must besolved before the turbine-drivencar can be marketed, Nichols said.

"At the present time—while welook into other avenues of electri-cal and turbine power—we believethat improving what we alreadyhave shows the greatest promise ofeasing a serious national problem,"he added.

Extreme rigidity of massive col-umn, hardened and groundsquare steel ways, heavy dutyhead, rigid spindles . . . plus stepfeeding of the abrasive elements. . . make possible the high rateof metal removal. Each 15 HPspindle is capable of removing 1.5cu.in. of hardened close grainedcast iron per minute. Accuracy,or total geometry is being held to± .0005.

Four different sized "cylinderliners" may be honed on thisNATCO/Jes-Cal equipment.Versatile fixturing, plus automatichandling or transfer of pieceparts, permits roughing with onespindle and finishing with the sec-ond, or roughing or finishing withboth spindles.

Another example of NATCO/Jes-Cal Hones doing a tough jobprofitably and economically.

Up to 3 Cu. In. HardenedMetal Removal per Minute

NATCO JES-CALTwin Spindle HoneWrite today for technical literature and engineering assistance

NATIONAL AUTOMATIC TOOL COMPANY, INC.RICHMOND, INDIANA 47374, U.S.A.

MULTI-SPINDLE DRILLERS-TAPPERS •WAY-TYPE MACHINES • HONING MACHINES •"HOLEWAY" TRANSFER MACHINESNUMERICAL CONTROL MACHINING CENTERS • INDUCTION HEATING EQUIPMENT • PLASTIC MOLDING MACHINES

MANUFACTURERS'

And that's just the beginning. When it comes tofractional HP and small DC electric motors in anyquantity for any application, American Bosch be-longs. With motors that move the product to itsdesigned capability. Millions of motors guaranteeAmerican Bosch know-how. Hundreds of modelsavailable. A company on the move to serve youwith positive performance motors to meet any need.

AMERICAN BOSCH ARMA CORPORATION AMERICAN3670 MAIN STREET BOSCHSPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS 01107 BELONGS


92

New Vickers DivisionsTwo new divisions, the Industrial Hydraulics

Div. and the Marine & Ordnance Div., havebeen established at the Vickers Div. of theSperry Rand Corp. Both had been departmentsof the former Machinery Hydraulics Div. TheIndustrial Hydraulics Div. will serve the ma-chine tool, metalworking, and processingequipment industries. Naval and commercialmarine, ordnance support and military vehiclesmarkets will be served by the Marine & Ord-nance Div. R. L. Ruth has been named man-ager of the Industrial Hydraulics Div. and A.H. Van Wormer is general manager of theother new division.

Armco's Coating LineOne of the world's largest continuous coating

lines is in operation at the Ashland, Ky., worksof Armco Steel Corp. The line was designedto produce 30 tons an hour of zinc-coated oraluminum-coated steel strip from 18 to 30 gageand up to 60 in. wide. G. H. Todd, worksmanager, said the new line was providing cus-tomers with more uniform gage, more uniformcoating, closer width tolerance, greater sur-face flatness and a variety of finishes. Theline is 1187 ft long and rises to more than 155ft at its highest point.

Monroe to ExpandMonroe Auto Equipment Co. plans to spend

$2.5 million for plant expansion, C. S. Mclntyre,president, told stockholders. New shock ab-sorber production capacity is slated for theCozad, Neb., and St. Truiden, Belgium, plants.

Goodyear Test TrackGoodyear International Corp. will build a

tire proving ground and test track in Luxem-bourg. Situated on 150-acre site, the test circuitwill represent a $1 million investment. R. V.Thomas, president, said the site would beoperated by the Goodyear Technical Center-Europe. It will have a 3.3-mi. track with aone mi. straightaway. Thomas said that whilethe track would be available for auto races, itspurpose would be tire testing.

Steel Processing PlantThe Cuyahoga Steel and Wire Div. of Hoover

Ball and Bearing Co. will build a 122,000 sq ftsteel processing plant in Solon, O., a Clevelandsuburb. The present Cuyahoga plant is in



Now you get immediate deliveryon bits, finders, sockets.WE'LL PROVE IT. There may be ashortage in the industry. But not atCleco. We've set up 17 warehousestockpoints—each with a full supplyof our newly-acquired Magna Driverline of power tool bits, finders andsockets.

Just call your nearest distributor.Our warehouse locations include Bir-mingham, Ala.; Buffalo, N. Y.; Boston,Mass.; Chicago, III.; Cincinnati, Ohio;

Cleveland, Ohio; Dallas, Tex.; Detroit,Mich.; Houston, Tex.; Kansas City,,Kan.; Los Angeles, Calif.; Milwaukee,Wise; Philadelphia, Penn.; Pittsburgh,Penn.; San Francisco, Calif.; Seattle,Wash.; and Union, N. J.

For a catalog of Cleco's Magna Driv-er line of bits, finders and sockets,write Magna Driver Dept., Cleco Pneu-matic, P. 0. Box 40430, Houston,Texas 77040.

ClecoPNEUMATICA G.W. MURPHY INDUSTRY


Are auto-makers usingCromo-N Tool Steel

for die casting dies?

Aluminum and ZinC automotive partsshown on these pages are produced at a midwestdie-casting plant of the Big Three. All the dieswere made of Bethlehem's patented Cromo-N Hot-Work Tool Steel.

This plant originally tried Cromo-N for cavitiesproducing aluminum rear-clutch bearing rings andseals. The die inserts are still in use, nearly threeyears later.

Of the many dies made of Cromo-N (several setsof dies were made for each part), only one hasfailed in service—and this was attributed to exces-sive welding due to design changes. All othershave performed well and show every indication ofcontinued service.

Improved Resistance to Heat-checking

Cromo-N is a costlier steel than ordinary 5%chrome steels, and well worth the difference. Itcontains more than twice the chromium (11.25typically) and about one-half the carbon (0.25).Nitrogen is added. This formulation vastly in-creases resistance to heat-checking and cracking.Cromo-N dies frequently give two, three, or fourtimes longer life than standard die-casting grades.

Cromo-N is stocked by independent distributorsof Bethlehem Tool Steels. If you would like tech-nical assistance, call on your local distributor,or get in touch with the Bethlehem sales officenearest you.

Cromo-N was used for oneejector and two cover dies pro-ducing this zinc horn shroud.The die shown here producedabout 300,000 parts in its firstten months of operation, and theshrouds have a better finish-thus requiring less buffing thanthose made in dies of anothersteel.

This new Cromo-N die is makingaluminum carburetor throttlebodies for '68 model cars. Theuse of Cromo-N was based onsuccessful experience with ear-lier dies.

Four 2-cavity Crome-N dies pro-duce this aluminum tilt steeringwheel bearing housing. The cavi-ties are in fine shape after pro-ducing 105,000 parts per cavity.

BETHLEHEM STEELBETHLEHEM STEEL CORPORATION, BETHLEHEM, PA.

BETHIST 5*

INDUSTRIAL ENGINES continued from page 82

504 cu in. Bare-engine output rat-ings are 139 hp maximum, 118 hpintermittent-duty, and 105 hp con-tinuous-duty at 1800 rpm. Com-pression ratio is 14.3:1. Approxi-mate weight of the unit, stripped—but with PTO, legs and instruments—is 2400 lb.

Of heavy-duty construction, thebasic components of the engine areof cast alloy iron. Both the cylinder

Minneapolis - Mo-line's Model DHD-504-6A power unitis fitted with a 6-cylinder Diesel en-gine displacing 504cu in. and having amaximum rating of139 hp at 1800rpm

Whatdoes aweldercost

mi

Model SR-200D-C Welder

Price tags are incidental: the true cost ofa welder is ascertained from other, less obvious,sources. For instance:

Production: More work and less power con-sumption of a Miller welder can quickly coverthe original cost. In -addition, the more theMiller Welder is used the greater relativebargain it becomes as daily operatingexpenses quickly outstrip the once-onlyprice tag.

Quality: Welding speed and quality arereflected in the amount of metal deposition.Precisely here, in the speed-quality ratio,is where the Miller welder "profit-line" ,reputation was born.

Reliability: Sound design, high qualitycomponents and dedicated productionline personnel round out the Millerwelder story. Minimummaintenance, reduced down time andlong welder life are simplyassumed by Miller owners.

Write for free Catalan #FLFW-3-67,"A Full Line of Fine Welders."

ELECTRIC MANUFACTURING COMPANY Appleton, WisconsinIn Canada: CANADIAN LIQUID AIR, LTD., Montreal

heads and the cylinders are cast inpairs—as well as being removable.

Connecting rods are of drop-forged steel. The crankshaft is adrop forging of heat-treated steel—counterbalanced and having atorsional vibration damper. Bear-ings are precision type, Tri-metal—include four mains of 2 29/32-in.diam. Pistons are of aluminum al-loy, and each has four rings.

The camshaft is of cast Proferallmetal, and is driven by helicalgears. Exhaust-valve seats are in-serts of Stellite.

The fuel-injection pump is aRoosa Master single-cylinder op-posed-plunger type.

In the drive is a 14-in. Twin Discclutch.

Protective accessory equipmentcauses engine cut-off if the oil pres-sure drops below a safe limit, or ifthe cooling-water temperature ex-ceeds a safe limit. •

AMC Tax RefundPresident Johnson has signed

legislation that will give AmericanMotors Corp. a tax refund of morethan $20 million.

The tax break was tacked ontoa rleatively minor measure thataffects tax treatment of bank hold-ing companies.

Congressional advocates of thetax refund argued that AMC,which was losing money at thetime, could be forced out of busi-ness if it did not receive favorabletax treatment.

The measure allows AMC tocarry back its unused 1% incometax credits to years when the com-pany was making money. It is esti-mated the refunds will total morethan $20 million.


They're building 'em better than ever•with cleaning help from Wheelabrator

Cars and trucks, construction equipment, trailersand mobile homes—almost everything on wheelstoday lasts longer, looks better. And Wheelabratorhelps make it so.Last longer, because Wheelabrator shot peeninghammers greater strength and longevity into gears,axles, springs, and many other components sub-jected to stress and fatigue. Look better, becauseWheelabrator airless blast cleaning scours awaythe surface contaminants on forgings, castings,stampings and sheet steel, leaving an etched

surface that retains protective and decorativefinishes longer.Manufacturers rely on Wheelabrator blast cleaningand shot peening machines to give them thesuperior products demanded by today's criticalcustomers, and the production economy demandedby today's competitive market. Write for com-plete information on how you can useWheelabrator processes to improve your products,cut manufacturing costs.

Shot peening gears for trucks and con-struction machinery, in a Wheelabratorspecial cabinet.

Deburring transmission parts in aWheelabrator Spinner-Hanger Cabinet.

Fine finishing close-tolerance parts inLorco continuous automatic vibratorysystems.

VITAL VALUESwFOR INDUSTRY

WHEELABRATORAIRLKSS BLAST CLKANINO

®

Wheelabrator Div. • THE WHEELABRATOR CORP.. 784 S. Byrkit St., Mishawaka, Ind.

In Canada, WHEELABRATOR CORP. OF CANADA, LTD.WORLD-WIDE OPERATIONS:Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, England, France, Germany, India, Israel, Japan, Mexico,Peru, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thai land, Venezuela.

AIRLESS BLAST CLEANING

STEEL ABRASIVES

DUST & FUME CONTROL

VIBRATORY 4 WET BLAST

FINISHING EQUIPMENT


MODES OF MOBILITY continued from page 78

As the principal engine-powertrain organization in the Army, thePropulsion Systems Laboratory op-erates extensive test and experi-mental facilities. Past experiencehas shown the advantages of main-taining a single group of propul-sion systems specialists to coverall phases of research, development,and engineering in propulsion sys-tems and power trains. A signifi-cant feedback of technical progressranging from highly experimentaldevices through development intoproduction equipment results fromthe assignment of cradle-to-gravetechnical responsibility to this lab-oratory.

The Components and MaterialsLaboratory consists of three divi-sions which, although not closelyrelated in function, are consideredsufficiently important to organizecollectively as a separate labora-tory. The Electrical Division is per-forming fundamental work on elec-trical accessories for vehicles and,

in addition, is codifying and updat-ing all electrical componentry. Forexample, solid state throw-away de-vices are being introduced into thefleet. The Materials and Automo-tive Components Division havesimilarly-oriented programs under-way.

The Physical Science Laboratory,although quite small as a labora-tory entity, is developing a closeralliance with the other laboratoryorganizations. A select group ofscientists are being developed tohandle, either collectively or on anindividual consultant basis, thelong-range scientific problems ofthe other laboratories. The princi-pal in-house program of the labo-ratory is the identification and con-trol of the entire range of vehiclesignatures, including infra-red,sonic, seismic, and magnetic.

The Advanced Concept Managersconstitute a small group of profes-sionals to provide the emphasisneeded to expedite or expose unique

new vehicles or component con-cepts. The engineers assigned tothis group operate as "researchproject managers" who incorporatenew hardware concepts into the"test rig" phase for presentationto prospective military users, en-couraging the development of newtactics based on feasible vehicleconcepts.

In summary, translation from adefined mode of mobility to a realvehicular device is the scientific-engineering problem the AT ACLaboratories have been reorganizedto initiate and foster. Research anddevelopment in advanced conceptscan provide to the military usernew tactics and capabilities. Thefuture of military vehicles is ex-pected to provide a new spectrumof fighting methods with vehiclesand transportation systems to aug-ment and perhaps replace virtuallyevery item of current equipmentand doctrine.

With the assistance of industry,principally the automotive indus-try, the U. S. Army will retain itstraditional position as the best-equipped force in the world. •

THE COMPLETE SAFETYFUEL TANK LINE

XWrite for latest Catalog offering the mostcomplete Safety Fuel Tank Line in theindustry. Snyder steel and aluminum tanksmeet ICC and UL requirements. CompleteEngineering services available.When you "Specify Snyder" you're assured theFuel Tanks on your truck meet every safetyrequirement.

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EXCLUSIVELY TINNERM AN . . .T-MARKED TO PROVE

Extra Strength, Extra Security, Extra Economy...with high-torque SPEED NUT brand fasteners

You can get the simplicity of a Tinnerman SPEED NUTbrand fastener in this high-torque design. AnotherTinnerman innovation, this Tinnerman U-type nutprovides opposing locking forces through a dualthread engagement that is actually stronger thanthe bolt. In exhaustive laboratory tests, the bolt hasbeen driven to destruction without harming theT-marked high-torque fastener.

Also included are these proven SPEED NUT brandfastener advantages . . . self-retaining on metalpanels, will not cross-thread, will not freeze to

threads, vibration-proof, self-locking, low-cost andeasy to apply, no clogging problems if fasteners areapplied before painting.

Available from ample stocks in sizes for No. 10and 14AB screws and panels from 0.025"to 0.075"thick. For samples, data, and production-line recom-mendations, call our local sales office listed in Yel-low Page Directories and Sweet's Product DesignFile under "Fasteners." Or write:TINNERMAN PRODUCTS, INC., Dept. 12,Box 6 6 8 8 , Cleveland, Ohio 4 4 1 0 1 .

TINNERMAN SPEED NUTSLook for the Tinnerman "T"the mark of total reliability

AUSTRALIA: Firth Cleveland Pty. l td . , P. 0. Box 199, Ballarat, Victoria. CANADA: Dominion Fasteners Ltd., Hamilton, Ontario.GERMANY: Mecano Slmmonds GMBH, P. D. Box 1206, Heidelberg. GREAT BRITAIN: Flrti Cltvaland Fastenings Ltd., Trelorest, Wales.

FRANCE: Rapid S. A., 3 rue Salomon do Rothschild, Suresnes (Seine).MEXICO: Resortes MecanlcosS. A., Apdo. Postal 14-713, Mexico 14, D.F.


Free Technical Literature . . . for YourFree Postcard Inquiry Service. Circle the number you want on the fold-out

inquiry postcard at back of issue—and mail promptly

Relays 1Pub. LA-109 describes Type MX

relays in 12 pages. They have up toten intrinsically safe pilot circuits inone enclosure. Listed are various ex-plosive atmospheres in which the pilotdevices can be operated safely, suchas acetylene, hydrogen, ethyl-ethervapors, gasoline, natural gas, mag-nesium dust and grain dusts. Cutler-Hammer, Inc.

Thrust Bearings 2Catalog 673 discusses four needle

and roller thrust bearing lines. De-tails and specs are given on AXneedle roller, AR cylindrical roller,AXJ needle roller, and HP high pre-cision needle roller bearings. Gar-lock-Nadella Inc.

Parts 3"This Is Borg-Warner" contains 16

pages. Torque converters, wet anddry clutches, oil coolers, vibrationdampers are some of the products oftheir Automotive Division. Then,there is chemical and steel materials,industrial equipment, and builder andconsumer products. Borg-WarnerCorp.

Fasteners 4Torque tensions, dimensions and

mechanical properties are among theindustrial fastener data presented inthis 28-page book. Explanations aregiven about special fasteners suchas SABCOA's Morlok and Weldnutand the Jay-Lok additive. Threadforming properties of Square-Floscrews and clamping action of Beck-looVt are defined. Industrial FastenerDiv., Screw and Bolt Corporation ofAmerica.

Polyester 5Two polyester resins for automotive

body putty applications have beenannounced. Plaskon PE-648 is a flexi-ble material with high elongationproperties. Plaskon PE-629 is a me-dium material with greater tensilestrength than PE-648 but with lowerelongation characteristics. PlasticsDiv., Allied Chemical Corp.

Locking Fasteners 6"The Cost-Safe Story" describes

locknuts and lock washers in 40 pages.Fastenings by various types of lockwashers are compared to the FlangeWhiz-Lock nuts and screws. Lockingpower tests are also covered. Lockingpower is defined as the difference be-tween torque needed for securing afastener and the torque required toloosen it. Positive locking power re-sults when it takes more torque forremoval than was needed for applica-tion. MacLean-Fogg Lock Nut Co.

Cold Bend Testers 7Technical Data Bulletin TD671 de-

scribes a line of cold bend testers. Thehydraulic-powered machines are avail-able in 90,000, 120,000, or 200,000 lbcapacities. They are for bendingmedium- or high-carbon steel jointbars in accordance with ASTM A-4or A-5. Tinius Olsen Testing Ma-chive Co.

Bending Machines 8Catalog 13-193A covers tangent

bending methods and machines in 44pages. Its five major sections discussprinciples and applications; descrip-tion and specifications of 4 types ofmedium series tangent benders; typi-cal installations; and use of tangentbending stations in automated fabri-cating lines. The Taylor-WinfieldCorp.

Machine Tools 9"Snyder Corporation in Perspec-

tive" is a 12-page illustrated brochure.It describes engineering and plantfacilities for producing special ma-chine tools and automated equipment.Also covered are numerically-con-trolled production equipment, designand development programs, standard-ized components, special machine tools,and a variety of special machines forthe automotive and earthmovingequipment industries. Snyder Corp.

Adhesives 10Catalog Z-SBVA describes three

SCOTCH-GRIP V i n y l Adhesives.They are specifically designed forbonding flexible and rigid vinyl ex-trusions and sheeting, fabi'ics, foamsand flexible plastics. It contains in-formation on application methods,color, features, solids content, con-sistency, coverage and bonding range.Adhesives, Coatings, and Sealers Div.,3M Co.

Bearing Uprating 11Rating Supplement to "The Tim-

ken Engineering Journal" contains 8pages. In this supplement, the Tim-ken Roller Bearing Company "an-nounces new bearing ratings that sub-stantially increase the life per dollarvalue on 406 series of Timken taperedroller bearings. This change affectsratings on bearings up to 181 mm(7V8 in.) inside diameter." The Tim-ken Roller Bearing Co.

Machine Tools 12General Catalog (1968) describes

all the machines the company makesin 20 pages. Jones & Lamson, Div.of Waterbury Farrel.


Pigsties 21

Engineering LibraryBulletin D-400 is a 16-page general

information bulletin covering this com-pany's products. Included are thermo-setting molding compounds, bondingand coating resins, foundry resins,Hetron fire-retardant resins for rein-forced plastics, and Hetrofoam polyolsfor fire-retardant rigid foams. Theliterature also includes a 4-page quickreference selection guide to represen-tative phenolic, diallyl phthalate,alkyd, and specialty molding com-pounds. Durez Div., Hooker ChemicalCorp.

Grinder Attachments 13Optidress and Projectorscope at-

tachments for DoALL surface grind-ers are described and illustrated inthis 4-page brochure. The Optidressoptical wheel-dressing attachment isa precision wheel-forming instrument.The Projectorscope optical inspectionattachment is mounted on a subplatewhich is aligned to the surface grindertable pad and spindle. DoALL Co.

Cam Followers 14CAM-CENTRIC cam followers are

covered in this engineering datasheet. The units permit adjustmentor repositioning, enabling broadertolerances for mounting members andallowing adjustments for play, back-lash and wear. They come sealed orunsealed in sizes from V2 to 4 in.Orange Roller Bearing Co., Inc.

Cleaning Equipment 15Bulletin F. 12479 details the Oakite

Hydro Blitz. It is a high pressurecleaning (up to 500 psi) system withas little as 2 gpm water delivery andautomatic control of detergent/watermix. The unit provides jet-powercleaning at temperatures up to 140 °Fand changes to cold water rinse witha flick of the switch in the cleaningwand handle. Oakite Products, Inc.

Switches 16Series E66 mechanically actuated

reed switch is covered in this 4-pagebooklet. It uses coil-spring snap actionto position magnets for a positivepush-pull drive of the reed to open orclosed position. It is available in dou-ble throw, single throw normally openor single throw normally closed ver-sions. Cherry Electrical ProductsCorp.

Taped Fasteners 17Spec Sheet TP-1 describes threaded

fasteners with self-sealing, self-lubri-cating Teflon tape. Screws, bolts, pipeplugs and any other male threadedfastener can be treated with the tapewhich, when applied, contracts intothe thread roots foi-ming a troublefree seal against almost any liquid orgas. Also, galling, binding and stick-ing are eliminated, and assembly anddisconnection are faster. Nylok-De-troit Corp.

Testing System 18Sixteen-page catalog describes the

Dillon Stress/Strain Testing System.The system has an X-Y Recorder andextensometer combination for testprograms which demand high accu-racy data. Recorder charts have ascale length of 10 in. (X-axis) witha total of 100 divisions. The Y-axisis 7 in. long with 70 divisions. Speci-men's modulus of elasticity may bederived from the slope of the re-corder trace. W. C. Dillon & Co.

Abrasive Discs 19"Coated Abrasive Discs for Indus-

try" is a 6-page illustrated folder. Itcovers the company's line of abrasivedisc products. Grit sizes, disc diame-ters, paper discs, cloth discs, resin fi-ber discs and fiber combination discsare described. Armour Abrasives Co.

Routers 20Quackenbush routers are described

in this 26-page catalog. It lists fea-tures and applications, plus completespecification charts on each model.Cleco Pneumatic, Div. of G.W. Mur-phy Industries, Inc.

Metallurgical Thesaurus"The ASM Thesaurus of Metallur-

gical Terms" is now being offered asa durably bound book. Compiled bygroups of experts, each representinga specialized phase of metallurgy, thethesaurus is designed for the index-ing, storage and retrieval of metallur-gical information. The work containsapproximately 9000 entries, withnearly 70,000 cross references. Costis $15.00 per copy. Additional infor-mation may be obtained by writingto the Director, Metals Information,American Society for Metals, MetalsPark, Ohio 44073.

Heat Treating Guide"Guide to Heat Treating Services"

is a 53-page book. It provides infor-mation useful to non-technical peoplewhose work requires a knowledge ofthe language of heat treating and itsprocesses. It also provides an ele-mentary introduction to the theoryof heat treating for engineers, tech-nicians, and heat treaters who areclosely associated with heat treatingactivities. The 15 chapters cover howto use your heat treater's facilities,relationship between design and heattreatment, hardness measurement,tool steel grades, chemical composi-tion of carbon and alloy steels, theoryof heat treating, and heat treatmentof non-ferrous alloys. Other topicsinclude heat treatment of steel andcast iron (slow cooling), heat treat-ment of steel (fast cooling), surfacetreatments of low carbon steels, fur-nace brazing, surface protection dur-ing heat treatment, cold treatment,surface hardening, and a glossary ofterms. Copies are available at $3.50each. Please order from Metal Treat-ing Institute, Box 448, Rye, NewYork 10580.


in one hot tankthat does the job of three

In one tank of Oakite Super Rustripper you can do all this: Strip rust,heat scale, paint, phosphate coatings as you also remove shop soils,carbon, forming lubricants. Separate acid treatment and neutralizingstages are out. Just Super Rustripper and a rinse, that's your clean-ing line.

Naturally, not all applications require the special qualifications ofOakite Super Rustripper. Regular Oakite Rustripper, a tank cleanerof all work, or Oakite Stripper R-8, popular utility cleaner, may bemore than equal to the soil combinations present. But, for the excep-tional jobs that demand it, Oakite Super Rustripper is available.

This is typical of the cleaning flexibility put at your disposal byyour local Oakite Technical Service Representative. We do so manythings with metal these days, you might overlook the fact that clean-ing it has been an Oakite specialty for 58 years.This experience is reflected in a broad line of tankcleaners, one of which we'll be pleased to job-matchto your requirements.

OAKITE PRODUCTS, INC., 50 VALLEY ROAD, BERKELEY HEIGHTS, N. J. 07922International Division, Cable: OAKITE, BerkeleyHeights

New Cummins Set-UpCummins Engine Co. has grouped

its operations into two divisionsunder Richard B. Stoner, executivevice president and corporate gen-eral manager. Vaughn L. Beals wasnamed vice president and generalmanager of the newly formed Do-mestic Engine Div. and Henry B.Schacht was named group vicepresident, heading the new Interna-tional and Subsidiary Div.

The Domestic Engine Div. in-cludes all Cummins' Columbus, Ind.,based operations, including manu-facturing, marketing, the $22 mil-lion technical center and all supportfunctions.

Schacht will be responsible forthe eight international plants andlicense agreements and five domes-tic plants outside Columbus, as wellas the marketing activities of theseunits.

In other new executive assign-ments, Marion Dietrich was namedvice president-marketing. He hadbeen head of European marketing.George Rehfeldt, who was vice pres-ident-Americas, has been namedvice president-international, andwill direct all Cummins interna-tional operations.

Thomas W. Head, formerly vicepresident - engineering, replacesBeals as vice president-researchand engineering.

Studebaker ChangesThe directors of Studebaker

Corp. have elected Charles F. Prattas chairman and W. G. Gordon aspresident.

Pratt had been executive vicepresident and Gordon vice presi-dent, operations, of Studebakerprior to Studebaker's merger withWorthington Corp. The presentStudebaker Corp. is a subsidiary ofStudebaker-Worthington, Inc., thenew parent company.

Randolph H. Guthrie, formerboard chairman of Studebaker, hasbecome chairman of Studebaker-Worthington, and Byers A. Bur-lingame, former president of Stude-baker, has retired as an officer. Hehas been elected a director ofStudebaker-Worthington and is amember of the executive and com-pensation committees of the board.


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AI RETOOLAiretool nutsetters. . . rugged design,powerful motors. Compact, lightweightand reversible.

Model 502-ANdesigned for

heavy stall torque jobs.

Airetool grinders... powerful and versa-tile. Horizontal or vertical models forevery type of grinding and wire brushingjobs.

550Huse with wheel,

brush or cone. Beltsanding attachment for fine finishing.

Airetool impact wrenches... designed tosave time and give operator comfort onthe assembly line. Lightweight, compactand reversible. Sturdy construction giveslong service. Pistol grip or straightmodels.

AiretoolModel 405

Call your local representative for afree demonstration or write forBuifetin #80.

AIRETOOL

U.S. Steels Military Truck(Continued from page 20)

"From the moment that off-high-way testing began, it became ap-parent that we had a high-perform-ance vehicle—one strong enough toresist severe wracking in roughterrain and yet capable of climbinghill of sand.

"The tests have shown that de-

sign with high-strength steel intruck fabrication is most practica-ble, producing a lightweight vehiclewith the rugged construction de-manded by rough service," Johnsondeclared. "It is apparent that thehigh-strength steel design conceptused in the XM761 would be justas successful when applied to com-mercial vehicle design."

AIRETOOL MANUFACTURING COMPANYSpringfield, Ohio 45501 • Tel. 513-323-4987Subsidiary of Symington Wayne Corporation

Action of independently suspended rear wheels is shown as truck climbs testroad. The "A" arms are shown in action as they allow each wheel to maintaintraction over the uneven ground. The transition member connecting the upperand lower "A" arms of each wheel is made of " T - l " steel for rugged service.

Pollution-Free Cars?Within 20 years, engineering ad-

vances will make possible an in-ternal combustion automobile en-gine that is essentially pollutionfree.

This prediction has been madeby Jay A. Bolt, professor of me-chanical engineering at the Univer-sity of Michigan whose present re-search deals with engines and airpollution. He was a member of arecent technical panel on currentautomotive systems for the U. S.Dept. of Commerce Technical Ad-visory Board on Electrically Pow-ered Vehicles.

Prof. Bolt said the importantproblem was to determine to whatlevel the harmful emissions could bereduced and at what price so thepublic would obtain the greatestbenefit per dollar spent.

However, he added, for mostareas of the country, including allof Michigan, industry is a much

more serious source of air pollu-tion than vehicles. "Therefore, formost parts of the country, priorityin the spending of money shouldbe given to cleaning up industrialsmokestacks and vents. An extremeexample of this is the area aroundGary, Ind., where the steel industryis the very predominant source ofpollution and just plain dirt andgrime."

Although he sees many possibleuses for battery-powered vehicles,Prof. Bolt does not see them as aserious competitor for the gasolinevehicles of today in spite of wide-spread concern over air pollution.

Fiene Heads AEAEarl R. Fiene, vice president and

director of marketing of the Presto-lite Co., has been elected presidentof the Automotive Electric Asso-ciation.


BFG disk brakessolve 3 unusualbraking problems

BFG BRAKES TRIPLE LINING LIFEThis Carco Yarder, made by Pacific Car & FoundryCompany, mounts on a large crawler tractor, operatesoverhead cables used for high-lead logging. Both main andhaulback drums are equipped with self-adjusting hydrau-lically operated BFG disk brakes, providing superiorcontrol and safety.

FAILSAFE BRAKES FORBELT CONVEYOROver 10 miles of conveyor belts are operating 'round-the-clock to help build California's huge Oroville Dam. BFGdisk brakes, each with a capacity of 10,225,000 foot-poundsKE, are used on 9 of the conveyor units. The brakes arespring applied, hydraulically released, and designed toprovide emergency braking in event of power failure. Sinceconveyors are in multiple sections, brakes are pre-program-med for different stopping times, so that when all beltscome to a stop they will be empty.

Material handling system designed and installed byMcDowell-Wellman Engineering Company.

POSITIVE LOCKING FORVERSATILE ANTENNAThis shipboard tracking and communications antenna wasdeveloped and produced by the General Electric OrdnanceDepartment for the U. S. Navy. The pedestal incorporatesBFG disk brakes which permit positive locking of the an-tenna in any position, contributing to ease of operation.The pedestal can move the antenna in each of three axes,individually or simultaneously through direct-drive motors.

Bring your special braking requirements to BFG to get the broadest brake capability:caliper disk brakes, Hi-Torque drum brakes, multiple-disk aircraft brakes. You'll getunbiased engineering assistance from BFG. Contact B.F.Goodrich Aerospace and DefenseProducts, a division of The B.F.Goodrkh Company, Dept. AI-J, Troy, Ohio 45373. Phone:Area Code 513 332-5610.

BF Goodrich


BLHstrain

gagescan

brightenyour

field ofendeavor

Whenever your engineeringand research projects

include measurements,remember the precision

you get by using BLH strainand temperature sensors.

Whenever you need test results ina hurry, remember the speed and simplicity

of using BLH strain gages and instrumentation.Wheneveryou design weighingorforce-measuring

components and systems, remember that,by using BLH strain gages and readout, you

' eliminate moving partsandtheassociated problemsof wear and maintenance. And whenever you

need technical help, remember to call1 on BLH engineers and field service representatives

—they wrote the book on strain gages.BLH Electronics, Inc., Waltham, Mass. 02154.

BLH ELECTRONICS, INC.A subsidiary of Baldwin-Lima-Hamilton Corp.


consider how Capl l lgScan be used...

as plug buttons in body work; componentguards and grease caps before final assemblyf( Get this FREE 23-piece trial kit of Caplugs and catalog/price list showing more than 1000 styles and sizes in stockfor "off-the-shelf" delivery.

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MANUFACTURERS'

-.NEWS(Continued from page 92)

Maple Heights, O., eight mi. from Solon. James-Veras, Cuyahoga president, said "it is esti-mated that 64% of America's manufacturingplants are within 500 mi. of Solon. This areaincludes just about all of our customers."

Goodyear's Largest ProjectGoodyear Tire & Rubber Co. will build a mul-

timillion-dollar tire plant in Union City, Tenn.This will be the largest single construction proj-ect in Goodyear's 69 years. It will be Good-year's 100th production facility worldwide andits 49th American plant.

Walter H. Rudder, executive vice president,said the plant would contain more than 27acres of floor space and would employ morethan 500. Limited production is slated beforethe end of 1968. The one-story building will belocated on a 593-acre site just outside UnionCity. With 1.2 million ft of floor space, the plantwill be Goodyear's third largest manufacturingfacility. It will be exceeded in size only by tireplants at Gadsden, Ala., and Topeka, Kan.

NOW in STOCK

INSTANT SERVICE219-749-5105 Type "P" Disconnect

Design.

Type "AL"Spring Loaded

Long Adjustment.

J P Type"SS"¥ Quick Discon-* nect With Maxi-

mum Ball Diameter.

Type "SPG"Shielded AsSpecified By

S.A.E.

Superior is ready for you. Callus today. Tell us your needs andwe'll tell you the cost of anystock item INSTANTLY! Or, ifyou need a special we'll give youa close estimate and confirm aquotation.

Superior is No. 1 in bal ljoints. Our many patents enableus to offer you MORE . . . withbetter performance . . . so whytake chances? Items illustratedare only a sampling of what wecan do for you.

Superior offers all types ofS.A.E.-G.M.C. and other pub-lished Standard as well as spe- Typecial ball joints and linkages. "DC"

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| SUPERIORI B A L L J O I N T C O R P O R A T I O N

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*

CRYSTAL BALL-

RECO*STYLEWhat's ahead?

* More use of molded fiber glass parts,assemblies...

* Sophisticated new techniques formolding, bonding...

* Process refinements for widerapplication of MFG...

. . . that's what's ahead/

It's RECO (MFG Research Company) that acceler-ates that future day, with intensive tests and find-ings that will let YOU know what MFG can do for you.

MFG engineers and production staff plus RECO areat your service to help you make your productBETTER! To find out how. . .wr i te :

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AWELLNUTfastenerfastens anything toanything. Anywhere.

And it seals thefastening against leaks.HERE'S HOW: Position a WELL-NUT fastener and a machinescrew in the parts to be assembled. Tighten the screw. The WELL-NUT neoprene bushing expands to secure the fastening . . . andform an air-tight, water-tight seal at the hole. You get the sameleak-proof fastening in thin wall or solid material. WELL-NUT fasten-ers install from one side of the work, solve difficult blind fasteningproblems. They're also resistant to oil and temperature extremesand have electrical insulating qualities. Versatile WELL-NUT fasten-ers will meet your fastening needs. Write for folder, samples, andname of local distributor.


SPECIAL WELL-NUT KIT FOR DESIGNERS lets you visual-ize and test the various sizes available. Metal kit contains 15 differentstyles, with specifications. At your distributor or order direct. $1084

IUSMI The Molly CompanyDIVISION OF UNITED SHOE MACHINERY CORPORATION

445-C MT. LAUREL AVE., TEMPLE, PA. 19560 . TEL.215-929-5768Circle 154 on Inqu i ry Card for more data

107

INDEX TO ADVERTISERSThis Advertisers' Index is published as a convenience and not as a part of the advertising contract. Every care will betaken to index correctly. No allowance will be made for errors or failure to insert. When writing to advertisers please

mention AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRIES

To get catalogs, engineering data , or other additional information from advertisers,please circle appropriate number on postcard at back of this issue. An inquiry cardnumber usually appears at the bottom of each advertisement. No allowance will be made

for errors or failure to insert such a number.

Airetool Mfg . Co 104Allen-Bradley Co 27Aluminum Company of America .10, 41American Bosch Arma Corp 92Amplex Div.

Chrysler Corp 8Auto Specialties Mfg . Co 44

BInc. 106BLH Electronics

Bendix Corp.Brake & Steering Div 30-31Fuel Devices Div 40Motor Components Div 23

Besly-Welles Corp 37Bethlehem Steel Corp 1, 94-95Bliss & Laughlin Steel Co 17-18Bokum Tool Co., Inc 26Borg & Beck/Long

Div. Borg-Warner Corp 9

CCaplugs Div.—Protective ClosuresChrysler Corp.—Amplex DivClark Equipment CoCleco PneumaticCowles Chemical Co

DDANA CORP.

Perfect Circle Rings & Parts . . .32-33Delco-Remy Div 6-7Detroit Steel Corp 24-25

1068

429314

Eaton Yale & Towne Inc.Fuller Transmission Div.

Ex-Cell-O CorpF

Foster Grant Co., Inc. . . .G

Goodrich Co., B. F

HHeald Machine CoHobbs Corp., John W. . .Houdaille Industries

8834

52

105

. 2nd Cover10886

International Packings Corp 4L

La Salle Steel Corp. 28-29Latex Fiber Industries, Inc 45Lester Castings, Inc 103Lipe-Rollway Corp 2

MMiller Electric Mfg. Co 96Molded Fiber Glass Body Co 107Molly Co.

Div. United Shoe Machinery Corp. 107Muskegon Piston Ring Co. . 3rd Cover

NNational Automatic Tool Co., Inc. 91National Broach & Machine Co. . . 54

OOakite Products, Inc 102Ohio Seamless Tube Div 12

Packard Electric Div 36Precision Castings Co 5Prestolite Co.

Div. Eltra Corp 83

RReichhold Chemicals, Inc 56Republic Steel Corp 38-39

SScully-Jones Co 84Sealed Power Corp 46Snyder Tank Corp 98Street, Inc., Gordon 108Superior Ball Joint Corp 106

TTRW Michigan Div IIThomson Industries, Inc 90Timken Roller Bearing Co. . Back CoverTinnerman Products, Inc 99Trans World Airlines, Inc 13Twin Disc, Incorporated 16

UUnited States Steel Corp 35

Verson Allsteel Press Co 15

WWestinghouse Electric Corp 43Wheelabrator Corp 97

PRESSURE in then c c i p i i o for p°sitive

U L U I U H I performanceand low cost...specify HOBBS switches!

For pressure or vacuum actuation of electricalcircuits, you can rely on Hobbs Switches forpositive performance. They make and breakcircuits positively — actuate instruments,warning signals, safety devices or enginecut-off. Vacuum switches are ideal as asafety control in filter systems.FEATURES — non-ferrous pressure

chamber . . . silver alloy contacts . . .contact circuit factory set and sealed. . . plastic coated, weatherproof hous-i n g . . . wide range for contact settings. . . high operating maximums . . .LOW IN PRICE.

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m108



Guide toService

Listed below are theature advertised in t lIf you are interestedon any one of these,of the attached frpromptly. Important

Circle No. Descrip

PARTS153 Ball joints. Spring ]

shielded, crank arm,perior Ball Joint Co

Brakes, disc. Brake DiCo. Page 44.

Brake & Steering proDiv., The Bendix Co:

Carburetors, Zenith. 1side-draft types, asand filters. Fuel DeviiPage 40.

Closures. Caplugs canin body work; compicaps before final ass«tective Closures Co.,

Clutches, Oil Spray. Fmoval trucks, on-hig}

See reverse side o

130

120

126

152

103

Open this flap for

Free Technical Literature

B U S I N E S S R E P L Y M A I LNo Postage Stamp Necessary if Mailed in the United States

FIRST CLASSPermit No 3 6New YorW,N.Y.

POSTAGE WILL BE PAID BY

AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRIESP.O. Box 11074

Philadelphia, Pa. 19141

Readers Service Dcpt.


FIRST CLASSPermit No, 36New York, N. Y.




Readers Service Dept.


FIRST CLASSPermit No. 36New Yerk, N. Y.




Readers Service Dept.

FREt L ITERATURE - - - USE THESE P O S T C A R D S

Circle No. Description Circle No. Description

Motors, electric. For cranking motors, seat andwindow motors, wing flap motors, and rotatinglight motors. American Bosch Arm* Corp.Page 92.

Piston rings. And valves, pistons and sleeves.Dana Corp. Pages 32-33.

Starter drives, Positork. For all heavy duty con-traction equipment, large industrial engines,and large gasoline or diesel over-the-highwaytrucks. Motor Components Div., The BendixCorp. Page 23.

Switches. For pressure or vacuum actuation ofelectrical circuits. Hobbs Div., Stewart-WarnerCorp. Page 108.

Transmissions. Power-shift units are in the BOto 150-hp range. Twin Disc, Inc. Page 16.

Transmissions. ROADRANGER twin counter-shaft units are in the 5, 10, 13, and 15-speedrange. Fuller Transmission Div., Eaton Yale& Towne Inc. Page 88.

MATERIALS AND SUPPLIES

Aluminum. Aluminum oxide hard, brilliant sur-face checks corrosion, can't chip or peel, staysbright. Aluminum Company of America. Page10.

Castings. Metal die and molded plastics. Preci-sion Castings Co. Page 6.

Castings, aluminum die. Lester Castings, Inc.Page 103.

Castings, grey iron. The Wheland Foundry Div.,Gordon Street, Inc. Page 108.

Gasket material, Lexide rubber-fiber alloy. LatexFiber Industries, Inc. Page 45.

Metal processing. Machining, metal forming, in-jection molding, compression molding, chromeplating of plastics, assembly and coil winding.The Prestolite Co. Page 83.

Metal treatment. Buff-Off cleans zinc-base diecastings without pH control. Cowles ChemicalCo. Page 14.

Plastics. Polystyrene. Foster Grant Co. Page 52.

Plastic foam. Polylite urethane foam is used asinsulation material for refrigerated trucks.Reichhold Chemicals, Inc. Page 56.

Powdered metal parts, Oilite. Amplex Div.. TheChrysler Corp. Page 8.

Steel. Detroit Steel Corp. Pages 24-25.

Steel bars. Cold finished material for grindingtools. Bliss & Laughlin Steel Co. Pages 17-18

Steel bars, cold finished. La Salle Steel CorpPages 28-29.

123 Steel tubing. 4000 different sizes and over 100grades of carbon, alloy and stainless USSMechanical Tubing. United States Steel Corp.Page 35.

109 Steel tubing. Seamless to 7-in. OD, welded to7%-in. OD. Ohio Seamless Tube Div., Copper-weld Steel Co. Page 12.

PLANT ANDPRODUCTION EQUIPMENT

110 Air travel. Trans World Airlines, Inc. Page 18.

139 Bearings. BALL BUSHINGS are for linear mo-tions. Thomson Industries, Inc. Page 90.

101 Boring machines, Bore-Matic. The Heald MachineCo. Inside front cover.

118 Controls. Magnetic starters, limit switches, pushbuttons, control relays, control stations, re-versing drum switches, and terminal blocks.Allen-Bradley. Page 27.

124 Drills, tool. The BesJy-Welles Corp. Page 37.

133 Gear honing machines, Red Ring hard. NationalBroach & Machine Co. Page 54.

140 Honing machines. NATCO JES-CAL twin spindlehone removes up to 3 cu-in. of hardened metalper minute. National Automatic Tool Co., Inc.Page 91.

147 Metal treatment. Super Rustripper strips rust,heat scale, paint, phosphate coatings, shopsoils, carbon and forming lubricants. OakiteProducts. Inc. Page 102.

129 Process control systems. Computers turn outauto parts, aluminum, steel, chemicals, textilesand kilowatts. Hagan/Computer Systems Div.,Westinghouse Electric Corp. Page 43.

151 Strain gages. Strain and temperature sensors.BLH Electronics, Inc. Page 106.

136 Tool adapters. For radial and upright drills, tur-ret lathes, multiple spindle machines, and mill-ing machines. Scully-Jones Co. Page 84.

149 Tools, hand. Pneumatic nutsetters, grinders, im-pact wrenches, etc. Airetool Manufacturing Co.Page 104.

117 Tool holders, recess. Have quick-chanfe adapters.Bokum Tool Co., Inc. Page 26.

142 Tool parts, power. Bits, finders, and sockets.Magna Drive Dept., Cleco Pneumatic. Page 93.

122 Transfer machines. "Load, drill, drill again, mill,mill again, mill once more, ream, chamfer,ream again, unload" in 21 seconds. MachineTool Div., Ex-Cell-0 Corp. Page 34.

143 Welders. Free catalog is titled "A Full Line ofFine Welders." Miller Electric ManufacturingCo. Page 96.

Pat. Pend.

Exclusive nylon insertprevents overlap.

The MuskegonMPR-260Oil Control Ring

It prevents overlap, • • installation is foolproof andless costly. Improved rail support eliminates ringsqueak. It's the best oil control ring around today.But, the best is what you expect from MUSKEGON.

musKEGon"SINCE 1921...THE ENGINE BUILDERS' SOURCE"

MUSKEGON PISTON RING COMPANY-Muskegon, Michigan 49443


P I S T O NR I N G SANOTHER PRODUCT OF

AP PARTS CORPORATION

How Timken® steel tubingholds down the cost

of cushioned railroad rides

Lots of groceries ride the rails. In cans,in bottles, in boxes. But even when cars are

coupled, their containers don't crush, orbreak, or burst. One reason: Timken® steel.

At Houdaille Industries in Buffalo,Timken seamless steel tubing is carefully

machined into hydraulic cylinders. At NationalCastings Co. in Cleveland, the cylinders

are assembled into hydraulic shock absorbers.

Snuggled behind the couplers of modernfreight cars, these cushion underframe units buffer

freight from shock damage. The Timken steelcylinder (indicated in solid black below) lives a

lifetime of pressure, stress, impact and wear.

But, say Houdaille engineers, tube-to-tube reliabilitypromises a cushioned ride for every container.

Uniform size and surface of Timken steeltubing simplifies fabricating for Houdaille.

It helps them hold costs down. Whether you'reguarding groceries, or protecting

a nation, it can do the same for you.Be sure to specify Timken steel by name.

The Timken Roller Bearing Company,Steel and Tube Division, Canton, Ohio.

TIMKENFINE ALLOY STEEL

calvin j.werner · january 1 5 196, 8 ineering f man ducti* sign u^ in i co t--ih -p ^h o oc c o a)...

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