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2015 CHO A5L 4pp.indd 1 7/5/2015 10:21:46 AM
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350 TITLES
Key Features›› Over 350 titles
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Cambridge Histories are a globally respected series of history books, authored by distinguished scholars. They offer a contextualized overview, suggesting how events are related to one another and presenting history as a continuous and evolutionary process. Because they offer a big picture perspective in each subject area, Cambridge Histories are an excellent place to begin research.
Cambridge Histories Online is the online version of the printed series and includes over 350 titles, with content added every month. It is fully searchable by author, title and subject. Content is available as a complete collection, or in smaller subject collections.
2015 CHO A5L 4pp.indd 2 7/5/2015 10:21:47 AM
Cambridge Histories Subject CollectionsCambridge Histories titles are now also available in smaller, subject-based collections.
›› American History 47 titles
›› Ancient history & classical studies 32 titles
›› Asian history 60 titles
›› British & European history 57 titles
›› Literature 70 titles
›› Middle East & African studies 45 titles
›› Music & theatre 14 titles
›› Philosophy & Political Thought 29 titles
›› Religion 22 titles
T H E C A M B R I D G E H I S T O RY o f t h e
R O M A N C E LA N G U A G E S
This Cambridge History is the most comprehensive survey of the historyof the Romance languages ever published in English, offering major andoriginal insights into the subject. Informed by the latest advances inRomance linguistics and general linguistic theory, it engages with new andoriginal topics that reflect wider-ranging comparative concerns, such asthe relation between diachrony and synchrony; morphophonologicalpersistence; form–function relationships; morphosyntactic typology;pragmatic change; the structure of written Romance; and lexical stability.
Volume I is organized around the two key recurrent themes ofpersistence (structural inheritance and continuity from Latin) andinnovation (structural change and loss in Romance). An important andnovel aspect of the volume is that it accords persistence in Romance afocus in its own right rather than treating it simply as the background tothe study of change. At the same time, it explores in depth the patterns ofinnovation (including loss) at all linguistic levels. The result is a richstructural history which marries together data and theory to produce newperspectives on the structural evolution of the Romance languages.
list of volumes
i Structures edited by martin maiden, john charles smith and adam ledgeway
ii Contexts edited by martin maiden, john charles smith and adam ledgeway
‘A refreshing overview of an immense corpus of knowledge.’Fernando Sánchez Miret, Universidad de Salamanca
T H E
C A M B R I DG E
H I S T O RY O F
TH E
R O M A N C E
LA NG UAG E S
v o l u m e i
s t r u c t u r e s
contents of volume i
1 Romance linguistics and historical linguistics.Reflections on synchrony and diachronyrosanna sornicola
2 Syllable, segment and prosodymichele loporcaro
3 Phonological processes michele loporcaro
4 Morphophonological persistence martin maiden
5 Morphophonological innovation martin maiden
6 Change and continuity in form–functionrelationships john charles smith
7 Morphosyntactic persistencegiampaolo salvi
8 Syntactic and morphosyntactic typology andchangeadam ledgeway
9 Pragmatic and discourse changes maria m. manoliu
10 Word formation brigitte l. m. bauer
11 Lexical stability arnulf stefenelli
12 Lexical change steven n. dworkin
13 Latin and the structure of written Romancechristopher j. pountain
14 Slang and jargons john trumper
About the editors
martin maiden is Professor of the RomanceLanguages and Director of the Research Centre forRomance Linguistics at the University of Oxford.
john charles smith is Faculty Lecturer inFrench Linguistics and Deputy Director of theResearch Centre for Romance Linguistics at theUniversity of Oxford, and a Fellow of St Catherine’sCollege, Oxford.
adam ledgeway is Head of the Department ofItalian and Senior Lecturer in Romance Philology atthe University of Cambridge, and a Fellow ofDowning College, Cambridge.
printed in the united kingdom
This Cambridge History is the mostcomprehensive survey of the history of theRomance languages ever published in English,offering major and original insights into thesubject. Informed by the latest advances inRomance linguistics and general linguistic theory,it engages with new and original topics thatreflect wider-ranging comparative concerns, suchas the relation between diachrony and synchrony;morphophonological persistence; form–functionrelationships; morphosyntactic typology;pragmatic change; the structure of writtenRomance; and lexical stability.
Volume I is organized around the two keyrecurrent themes of persistence (structuralinheritance and continuity from Latin) andinnovation (structural change and loss inRomance). An important and novel aspect of the volume is that it accords persistence inRomance a focus in its own right rather thantreating it simply as the background to the studyof change. At the same time, it explores in depththe patterns of innovation (including loss) at alllinguistic levels. The result is a rich structuralhistory which marries together data and theory to produce new perspectives on the structuralevolution of the Romance languages.
T H E C A M B R I DG E
H I S T O RY O F
TH EROMANCE
LA NG UAG E SV O LU M E I
s t r u c t u r e s
E D I T E D B Y
M A R T I N M A I D E N
J O H N C H A R L E S S M I T H
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T H E C A M B R I D G E
H I S T O RY O F
THE FIRST WORLD WAR
VOLUM E I
G L OBA L WA R
EDITED BY
JAY W I N T E R
T h e C a m b r i d g e H i s t o ry o f
P o l i t i c a l T h o u g h t
the cambridge history of greek and roman political thought
Edited by Christopher Rowe and Malcolm SchofieldPublished 2000
isbn 0 521 48136 8 (hardback) isbn 0 521 61669 0 (paperback)
the cambridge history of medieval political thought
Edited by J. H. BurnsPublished 1988
isbn 0 521 24324 6 (hardback) 0 521 42388 0 (paperback)
the cambridge history of political thought 1450–1700
Edited by J. H. Burns with Mark GoldiePublished 1991
isbn 0 521 24716 0 (hardback) 0 521 47772 7 (paperback)
the cambridge history of eighteenth-century political thought
Edited by Mark Goldie and Robert WoklerPublished 2006
isbn 0 521 37422 7 (hardback)
the cambridge history of nineteenth-century political thought
Edited by Gareth Stedman Jones and Gregory ClaeysPublished 2011
isbn 0 521 43056 2 (hardback)
the cambridge history of twentieth-century political thought
Edited by Terence Ball and Richard BellamyPublished 2003
isbn 0 521 56354 2 (hardback) isbn 0 521 69162 1 (paperback)
T H E
C A M B R I DG E
H I S T O RY O F
N I N E T E E N T H -
C E N T U RY
P O L I T I C A L
T H OUG H T
printed in the united kingdom
This major work of academic reference providesthe first comprehensive survey of politicalthought in Europe, North America and Asia inthe century following the French Revolution.Written by a distinguished team of internationalscholars, this Cambridge History is the latest ina sequence of volumes firmly established as theprincipal reference source for the history ofpolitical thought. In a series of scholarly butaccessible essays, every major theme innineteenth-century political thought is covered,including political economy, religion, democraticradicalism, nationalism, socialism and feminism.The volume also includes studies of majorfigures, including Hegel, Mill, Bentham andMarx, and biographical notes on everysignificant thinker in the period. Of interest tostudents and scholars of politics and history atall levels, this volume explores seismic changesin the languages and expectations of politicsaccompanying political revolution,industrialisation and imperial expansion, and less-noted continuities in political and social thinking.
GARETH STEDMAN JONES was formerlyProfessor of Political Thought at the University ofCambridge. He is currently Professor of the Historyof Ideas at Queen Mary, University of London. He is also Director of the Centre for History and Economics and a Fellow of King’s College,Cambridge. Professor Stedman Jones has publishednumerous books and articles, including OutcastLondon, Languages of Class, The CommunistManifesto – Penguin Introduction and An End toPoverty?. He is currently working on an intellectualbiography of Marx.
GREGORY CLAEYS is Professor of the History ofPolitical Thought at Royal Holloway, University ofLondon. He has published two studies of Owenitesocialism, Thomas Paine: Social and PoliticalThought, The French Revolution Debate in Britain,Imperial Sceptics: British Critics of Empire, andSearching for Utopia. He has also edited a number ofprimary source collections, notably Modern BritishUtopias, Political Writings of the 1790s, SelectedWorks of Robert Owen, and The Owenite SocialistMovement: Pamphlets and Correspondence.
LIST OF CONTENTS
Part I. Political Thought after the French Revolution1. Counter-Revolutionary Thought Bee Wilson2. Romanticism and Political Thought in the Early
Nineteenth Century John Morrow3. On the Principle of Nationality John Breuilly4. Hegel and Hegelianism Frederick C. Beiser5. Historians and Lawyers Donald R. Kelley6. Social Science from the Revolution to Positivism
Cheryl B. Welch7. Radicalism, Republicanism and Revolutionism,
from the Principles of ,89 to the Origins of
Modern Terrorism Gregory Claeys and Christine Lattek
Part II. Modern Liberty and its Defenders8. From Jeremy Bentham's Radical Philosophy to J. S.
Mill's Philosophic Radicalism Frederick Rosen9. John Stuart Mill, mid-Victorian Ross Harrison
10. ‘The Woman Question’ and the Origins ofFeminism Lucy Delap
11. Constitutional Liberalism in France: FromBenjamin Constant to Alexis de TocquevilleJeremy Jennings
12. American Political Thought from JeffersonianRepublicanism to Progressivism James P. Young
13. German Liberalism in the Nineteenth CenturyWolfgang J. Mommsen
14. Visions of Stateless Society K. Steven Vincent
Part III. Modern Liberty and its Critics15. Aesthetics and Politics Douglas Moggach16. Non-Marxian Socialism 1815–1914
Gregory Claeys17. The Young Hegelians, Marx and Engels
Gareth Stedman Jones
Part IV. Secularity, Reform and Modernity18. Church and State: the Problem of Authority
John E. Toews19. The Politics of Nature: Science and Religion in
the Age of Darwin Daniel Pick20. Conservative Political Thought from the
Revolutions of 1848 until the Fin de SiecleLawrence Goldman
21. Modern Liberty Redefined James Thompson22. Political Economy Emma Rothschild23. German Socialism and Social Democracy
1860–1900 Vernon L. Lidtke24. Russian Political Thought of the Nineteenth
Century Andrezj Walicki25. European Political Thought and the Wider World
during the Nineteenth Century Christopher Bayly26. Empire and Imperialism Duncan Bell
Epilogue: French Revolution to Fin de Siecle:Political Thought in Retrospect and Prospect,1800 to 1914 Jose Harris
T H E C A M B R I D G E
H I S T O RY O F
NINETEENTH-CENTURY
POLITICALTHOUGHT
EDITED BY
G A R E T H S T E D M A N J O N E S
A N D G R E G O RY C L A E Y S
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philip sabin is Professor of Strategic Studies in the
Department of War Studies at King’s College, London,
having previously held Research Fellowships at Harvard
University and the International Institute of Strategic
Studies. His main academic interest concerns the
analytical modelling of conflict, and especially of the
great land battles of the ancient world. He teaches and
writes about the strategy and tactics of warfare from
ancient times to the twenty-first century.
hans van wees is Professor of Greek History at
University College London. He is the author of Status
Warriors: War, Violence and Society in Homer and History
(1992) and Greek Warfare: Myths and Realities (2004), and
editor of War and Violence in Ancient Greece (2000). He has
coedited (with Nick Fisher) Archaic Greece: New Approaches
and New Evidence (1998), (with Egbert Bakker and Irene de
Jong) Brill’s Companion to Herodotus (2002) and (with Kurt
Raaflaub) A Companion to Archaic Greece (forthcoming).
michael whitby is Professor of Classics and
Ancient History at the University of Warwick. He is the
co-editor of Volume XIV of The Cambridge Ancient History
(2001) and author of Rome at War, AD 293-696 (2002),
and has made several televison appearances talking
about ancient warfare from the Graeco-Persian Wars to
the collapse of the Roman Empire.
Warfare was the single biggest preoccupation of historians in antiquity.
In recent decades fresh textual interpretations, numerous new
archaeological discoveries and a much broader analytical focus
emphasising social, economic, political and cultural approaches have
transformed our understanding of ancient warfare. Volume II of this
two-volume History reflects these developments and provides a
systematic account, written by a distinguished cast of contributors, of
the various themes underlying the warfare of the Roman world from the
Late Republic to the sixth-century empire of Justinian and his
successors. For each broad period developments in troop-types,
equipment, strategy and tactics are discussed. These are placed in the
broader context of developments in international relations and the
relationship of warfare to both the state and wider society. Numerous
illustrations, a glossary and chronology, and information about the
authors mentioned supplement the text. This will become the primary
reference work for specialists and non-specialists alike.
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CONTENTS
part i . the late republic and the
principate
1. International relations
Harry Sidebottom
2. Military forces
Boris Rankov
3. War
Adrian Goldsworthy
4. Combat
Catherine M. Gilliver
5. Warfare and the state
(1) The economics of war Dominic Rathbone
(2) The military and politics Richard Alston
6. War and society
Colin Adams
part ii . the later roman empire
7. International relations
Mark Humphries
8. Military forces
Hugh Elton
9. War
Michael Whitby
10. Combat
Philip Rance
11. Warfare and the state
Doug Lee
12. War and society
Andrew Fear
Chronological table
Glossary
List of ancient authors.
Jacket illustration: mosaic of hunters from Piazza Armerina, Sicily,
showing the probable appearance of infantry, early fourth century.
Photo: Scala/Art Resource, NY.
Printed in the United Kingdom
t h e c a m b r i d g e h i s t o ry o f
G R E E K A N D RO M A N WA R FA R EVolume II: Rome from the Late Republic to the Late Empire
edited by philip sabin, hans van wees and michael whitby
Volume II
Alison Bashford is Professor of Modern History at the University of Sydney and has been elected Vere Harmsworth Professor of Imperial and Naval History, University of Cambridge.
Stuart Macintyre is Ernest Scott Professor of History in the School of Historical and Philosophical Studies at the University of Melbourne, Australia.
Volume 1 of The Cambridge History of Australia explores Australia’s history from ancient times through to Federation in 1901. It begins with an archaeological examination of the continent’s Indigenous history, which dates back 50,000 years. This volume examines the � rst European encounters with Australia and its Indigenous people, and the subsequent colonisation of the land by the British in the late eighteenth century, providing insight into the realities of a convict society and how this shaped the nation’s development. Part I traces the dynamic growth in Australia’s economy, demography and industry throughout the nineteenth century, as it moved towards a system of liberal democracy and one of the most de� ning events in its history: the Federation of the colonies in 1901. Part II offers a deeper investigation of key topics, such as relations between Indigenous people and settlers, and Australia’s colonial identity. It also covers the economy, science and technology, law and literature. This volume is informed by a geographic sensibility: land emerges as a central theme in Australian history, shaping its political, legal and social past; and the authors examine regional and Australian–Paci� c ideas of history and identity.
The Cambridge History of AustraliaVolume 1, Indigenous and Colonial Australia
CONTENTS
Part I1 The past 50,000 years: an archaeological view Peter Veth & Sue O’Connor2 Newcomers, c. 1600–1800 Shino Konishi & Maria Nugent3 Convict transportation in global context, c. 1700–88 Emma Christopher & Hamish Maxwell-Stewart4 The early colonial presence, 1788–1822 Grace Karskens5 Expansion, 1820–50 Lisa Ford & David Andrew Roberts6 The advent of self-government, 1840s–90 Ann Curthoys & Jessie Mitchell7 The gold rushes of the 1850s David Goodman8 Colonial states and civil society, 1860–90 Stuart Macintyre & Sean Scalmer9 Rethinking the 1890s Melissa Bellanta10 Making the federal Commonwealth, 1890–1901 Helen Irving
Part II11 Environmental transformations Andrea Gaynor12 Population and health Janet McCalman & Rebecca Kippen13 The economy Lionel Frost14 Indigenous and settler relations Tracey Banivanua Mar & Penelope Edmonds15 Education Julia Horne & Geoffrey Sherington16 Law and regulation Mark Finnane17 Religion Anne O’Brien18 Colonial science and technology John Gascoigne & Sara Maroske19 Gender and colonial society Penny Russell20 Art and literature: a cosmopolitan culture Robert Dixon & Jeanette Hoorn21 Empire: Australia and ‘Greater Britain’, 1788–1901 Deryck M. Schreuder22 Colonial Australia and the Asia-Paci� c region Marilyn Lake23 The Australian colonies in a maritime world Cindy McCreery & Kirsten McKenzie
T H E C A M B R I D G E
H I S T O RY O F
AU S T R A L I AV O L U M E 1
I N D I G E N O U S A N D C O L O N I A L
AU S T R A L I A
E D I T E D B Y
A L I S O N B A S H F O R D
S T UA RT M A C I N T Y R E
Volume 1
Indigenous
and
Colonial
Australia
The
Cambridge
History
of
Australia
TH E C A M B R I D G E
H I STORY O F
SCIENCEVOLUME 7
THE MODERN SOCIAL SCIENCES
E D I T E D B Y
T H E O D O R E M . P O RT E R
D O RO T H Y RO S S
THE
C A M B R I D G E
H I STORY
OF
SCIENCE
VO LUM E 7
THEMODERNSOCIAL
SCIENCES
Theodore M. Porter is Professor ofHistory at the University of California,Los Angeles. He is the author of The Riseof Statistical Thinking, 1820–1900 (1986)and Trust in Numbers: The Pursuit ofObjectivity in Science and Public Life(1995) and coauthor of The Empire ofChance: How Probability ChangedScience and Everyday Life (1989).
Dorothy Ross is the Arthur O. LovejoyProfessor of History at Johns HopkinsUniversity. She is the author of G. StanleyHall: The Psychologist as Prophet (1972)and The Origins of American SocialScience (1991) and editor of ModernistImpulses in the Human Sciences,1870–1930 (1994).
Jacket design by Dennis M. ArnoldPrinted in the United States of America
his volume provides a history ofthe concepts, practices,institutions, and ideologies of
social sciences (including behavioral andeconomic sciences) since the eighteenthcentury. If offers original, syntheticaccounts of the historical development ofsocial knowledge, including itsphilosophical assumptions, its social andintellectual organization, and its relationsto science, medicine, politics, bureaucracy,philosophy, religion, and the professions.Its forty-two chapters include inquiriesinto the genres and traditions that formedsocial science, the careers of the mainsocial disciplines (psychology, economics,sociology, anthropology, political science,geography, history, and statistics), andinternational essays on social science inEastern Europe, Asia, Africa, and LatinAmerica. It also includes essays thatexamine the involvement of the socialsciences in government, business,education, culture, and social policy. Thisis a broad cultural history of socialscience, which analyzes from a variety ofperspectives its participation in the makingof the modern world. The contributors,world leaders in their respectivespecialties, engage with currenthistoriographical and methodologicalcontroversies and strike out positions oftheir own.
T
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TH E C A M B R I D G E
H I S TORY O F
AMER ICAN
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E D I T E D B Y
d o n b . w i l m e t h
a n d c h r i s t o p h e r b i g s by
the cambridge
urbanhistory
of britain
11
CLARK
Edited by Peter Clark
volume ii 1540–1840
the cambridge
urban historyof britain
general edi tor
Professor Peter Clarku n i v e r s i ty of l e i c e s t e r
The three volumes of The Cambridge Urban History of Britain represent the culmination of a tremendous upsurge of research in British urban historyover the past thirty years. Mobilising the combined expertise of nearly ninetyhistorians, archaeologists and geographers from Britain, continental Europe andNorth America, these volumes trace the complex and diverse evolution ofBritish towns from the earliest Anglo-Saxon settlements to the mid-twentiethcentury. Taken together they form a comprehensive and uniquely authoritativeaccount of the development of the first modern urban nation. The CambridgeUrban History of Britain has been developed with the active support of theCentre for Urban History at the University of Leicester.
volume i 600 – 1540edited by d. m. palliser (University of Leeds)
isbn 0 521 44461 6 (hb)
volume ii 1540 – 1840edited by peter clark (University of Leicester)
isbn 0 521 43141 7 (hb)
volume iii 1840 – 1950edited by martin daunton (University of Cambridge)
isbn 0 521 41707 4 (hb)
the cambridge urban history of britain
list of contents
1 Introduction Peter Clark.
Part I Area surveys 1540 –1840: Introduction Peter Clark; 2 England: (a) East Anglia Penelope J. Corfield (b) South-East C. W. Chalklin(c) South-West Jonathan Barry (d) Midlands Alan Dyer (e) North John K. Walton; 3 WalesPhilip Jenkins; 4 Scotland T. M. Devine.
Part II Urban themes and types 1540 –1700:
5 Towns in an agrarian economy 1540 –1700
Paul Glennie and Ian Whyte; 6 Population anddisease, estrangement and belonging 1540 –1700
P. Griffiths, J. Landers, M. Pelling and R. Tyson; 7 Politics and government 1540 –1700 Ian A. Archer; 8 Reformation and culture 1540 –1700
Vanessa Harding; 9 The urban landscape 1540 –
1700 Michael Reed; 10 London 1540 –1700 JeremyBoulton; 11 Great and good towns 1540 –1700
Paul Slack; 12 Ports 1540 –1700 David HarrisSacks and Michael Lynch; 13 Small market towns 1540 –1700 Alan Dyer.
Part III Urban themes and types 1700 –1840: 14 Urban growth and economic change: from the late seventeenth century to 1841 John Langton;15 Population and society 1700 –1840 PamelaSharpe; 16 Politics and government 1700 –1840
Joanna Innes and Nicholas Rogers; 17 Culture andleisure 1700 –1840 Peter Clark and R. A. Houston;18 The transformation of urban space 1700 –1840
Michael Reed; 19 London 1700 –1840 LeonardSchwarz; 20 Regional and county centres 1700 –
1840 Joyce Ellis; 21 Ports 1700 –1840 GordonJackson; 22 Small towns 1700 –1840 Peter Clark;23 Health and leisure resorts 1700 –1840 PeterBorsay; 24 Industrialising towns 1700 –1840
Barrie Trinder; 25 Conclusion Peter Clark.
printed in the united kingdom
Jacket illustration: background: John Speed’s mapof Bath,1611 (British Library); foreground: BoroughHigh Street, Southwark, c. 1729 (Guildhall Library,Corporation of London).
This second volume in the Cambridge Urban
History offers the first wide-ranging analysis
of urban growth and change during the period
between the Reformation and the onset of the
railway age, when Britain became the world’s
first modern urban nation. The contributors pay
particular attention to the experiences of urban
life and the changing role of different groups in
urban society, and show how communities and
their leaders coped with civic problems. They
examine the relationship between smaller and
larger towns, and assess the impact of cities on
the wider society of Britain and beyond. A major
innovative feature is the sustained comparative
study of English, Welsh and Scottish urbanisation.
Part I examines the national and regional
networks of cities and towns across the island.
Part II focuses on the period 1540–1700 and looks
at the urban economy, demographic and social
change, the transformation of the cultural and
physical landscape of towns and the role of
different types of town – from a resurgent London
to the smallest market centre. The third and final
Part investigates the urban economic and demo-
graphic take-off of the industrial age and the
social, political and cultural implications for
urban communities. Powerful light is shed not
only on the ‘new’ industrial and leisure towns,
but also on the many ancient cities and towns
which contributed to Britain’s exceptional
dynamism in the early modern era.
For full list of contents, please see back flap.
The editor peter clark is Professor of
Economic and Social History at the University of
Leicester. He has published extensively on urban
and social history, and his study of The English
Alehouse: A Social History (1983) was awarded
the Whitfield Prize of the Royal Historical Society.
Clark
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Cover: Nestor’s cup, Mycenae, c.1550-1500 BC, Mycenaean / National Archaeological Museum, Athens, Greece / The Bridgeman Art Library
he Cambridge History of Religions in the
Ancient World provides a comprehensive
and in-depth analysis of the religions of the
ancient Near East and Mediterranean world.
The fourteen essays in Volume I begin in the
third millennium BCE with the Sumerians
and extend to the fourth century BCE through
the fall of the Achaemenid Persian empire and
the demise of Alexander the Great. Its con-
tributors, all acknowledged experts in their
fields, analyze a wide spectrum of textual and
material evidence. An introductory essay by
the General Editor, Michele Renee Salzman,
sets out the central questions, themes, and
historical trends considered in Volumes I and
II. Marvin A. Sweeney provides an introduc-
tion to the chapters of Volume I, as does Wil-
liam Adler for Volume II. The regional and
historical orientations of the essays will en-
able readers to see how a religious tradition or
movement assumed a distinctive local identi-
ty, even as they view its development within a
comparative framework. Supplemented with
maps, illustrations, and detailed indexes, the
volumes are an excellent reference tool for
scholars of the ancient Near East and Medi-
terranean world.
MICHELE RENEE SALZMAN is University of Cal-
ifornia Presidential Chair (2009–2012) Professor
of History at the University of California, River-
side. She is the author of three books and numer-
ous articles, including On Roman Time: The Co-
dex-Calendar of 354 and the Rhythms of Urban Life
in Late Antiquity (1990); The Making of a Christian
Aristocracy (2002); and The Letters of Symmachus:
Book 1, translation (with Michael Roberts), Intro-
duction, and Commentary (2011). She is on the
Editorial Board of the American Journal of Archae-
ology and has served on the Executive Committee
of the American Academy in Rome.
MARVIN A. SWEENY is Professor of Religion at the
Claremont School of Theology. He is the author
of nine volumes and numerous studies, including
1 and 2 Kings: A Commentary (2007) and Form
and Intertextuality in Prophetic and Apocalyptic
Literature (2005). He is the Editor of Hebrew Stud-
ies, the founding Editor of the Review of Biblical
Literature, Co-editor of the Forms of the Old Tes-
tament Literature commentary series, Mitarbeiter
for the De Gruyter International Encyclopedia of
the Bible, and CEO of the Ancient Biblical Manu-
script Center for Preservation and Research.
Designed by pemastudio
Printed in the United States of America
THE CAMBRIDGE HISTORY OF RELIGIONS IN THE ANCIENT WORLD
he Cambridge History of Religions in the Ancient World provides a comprehensive and
in-depth analysis of the religions of the ancient Near East and Mediterranean world. The
fourteen essays in Volume I begin in the third millennium BCE with the Sumerians and extend
to the fourth century BCE through the fall of the Achaemenid Persian empire and the demise
of Alexander the Great. Its contributors, all acknowledged experts in their fields, analyze a wide
spectrum of textual and material evidence. An introductory essay by the General Editor, Mi-
chele Renee Salzman, sets out the central questions, themes, and historical trends considered in
Volumes I and II. Marvin A. Sweeney provides an introduction to the chapters of Volume I, as
does William Adler for Volume II. The regional and historical orientations of the essays will en-
able readers to see how a religious tradition or movement assumed a distinctive local identity,
even as they view its development within a comparative framework. Supplemented with maps,
illustrations, and detailed indexes, the volumes are an excellent reference tool for scholars of the
ancient Near East and Mediterranean world.
This splendid volume provides two services at once. Those who want a concise and au-
thoritative overview of a particular religious tradition can find that here, while those who
peruse it cover to cover can gain a vivid sense of the commonalities and differences in
religious life throughout the ancient Mediterranean world over many centuries. This is
an invaluable resource to which scholars and students will turn for many years to come.
James B. Rives, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Volume 1 of The Cambridge History of Religions in the Ancient World provides an up-to-
date, wide-ranging, theoretically sensitive, and historically deep account of the range
of ancient religions in the Mediterranean world, Europe, and the Near East before the
heyday of the Roman Empire. The volume combines documentary, art-historical, and
archaeological evidence, and will be the fundamental introductory resource for students
and scholars in the next generation, as well as an essential accompaniment to the study
of ancient history and religions.
Jas Elsner, Corpus Christi College, Oxford and The University of Chicago
A goldmine of information on the religious practices and beliefs of ancient peoples, with
sophisticated attention to sources, problems of research, material culture, and social
and political setting. Readers glimpse the diverse ways in which some of our distant
ancestors met the challenges of life and death. A handy reference guide with up-to-date
discussions by experts in each area.
Elizabeth A. Clark, Duke University
THE CAMBRIDGE HISTORY OF RELIGIONS IN THE ANCIENT WORLD
VOLUME I : FROM THE BRONZE AGE TO THE HELLENISTIC AGE
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Edited by
MICHELE RENEE SALZMAN MARVIN A. SWEENEY
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H I S T O RY O F
TH E
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LA NG UAG E
v o l u m e i V
1 7 7 6 – 1 9 9 7
printed in the united kingdom
The Cambridge History of the EnglishLanguage is the first multi-volume work toprovide a full account of the history of English.Its authoritative coverage extends from areasof central linguistic interest and concern tomore specialised topics such as personal namesand place names. The volumes dealing withearlier periods are chronologically based,whilst those dealing with more recent periodsare geographically based, thus reflecting thespread of English over the last 300 years.
Volume IV deals with the history of theEnglish language from 1776 to 1997. Anextensive introduction details the changingsocio-historical setting in which English hasdeveloped in response to a continuing background of diversity as it was transplantedto North America and beyond. Separate chapters on pronunciation, syntax, and vocabulary chronicle the linguistic features ofthe language during this period, taking as thebasis for discussion the common core inheritedfrom the sixteenth century and shared bywhat are now the two principal varieties,American and British English. In addition,there are chapters on English as a literarylanguage, English grammar and usage, andonomastics.
T H E C A M B R I D G E
H I S T O RY O F
TH EE N G LI S H
LA N G UAG EV O LU M E IV
1 7 7 6 – 1 9 9 7
E D I T E D B Y
S U Z A N N E R O M A I N E
T H E C A M B R I D G E H I S T O RY o f t h e
E N G LI S H LA N G U A G E
general editorRichard M. Hogg
The Cambridge History of the English Language is the firstmulti-volume work to provide a full account of the history ofEnglish. Its authoritative coverage extends from areas of cen-tral linguistic interest and concern to more specialised topicssuch as personal names and place names.
Volume IV deals with the history of the English languagefrom 1776 to 1997. An extensive introduction details thechanging socio-historical setting in which English has devel-oped in response to a continuing background of diversity asit was transplanted to North America and beyond. Separatechapters on pronunciation, syntax, and vocabulary chroniclethe linguistic features of the language during this period, tak-ing as the basis for discussion the common core inheritedfrom the sixteenth century and shared by what are now thetwo principal varieties, American and British English. Inaddition, there are chapters on English as a literary language,English grammar and usage, and onomastics.
list of volumes
i The Beginnings to1066 edited by richard m. hogg
ii 1066–1476 edited by norman blake
iii 1476–1776 edited by roger lass
iv 1776–1997 edited by suzanne romaine
v English in Britain and Overseas: origins and developmentedited by robert w. burchfield
vi English in North Americaedited by john algeo
contents of volume iv
1 Introduction suzanne romaine
2 Vocabulary john algeo
3 Syntax david denison
4 Onomastics richard coates
5 Phonology michael k. c. macmahon
6 English grammar and usageedward finegan
7 The literary language sylvia adamson
Glossary of linguistic terms
Bibliography
Index
About the editorsuzanne romaine has been MertonProfessor of English Language at theUniversity of Oxford since 1984. She hasalso held a variety of visiting fellowships atother universities, most recently in 1991–92,when she was Kerstin Hesselgren Professorat the University of Uppsala. She is theauthor of a number of articles and booksincluding Socio-historical Linguistics. ItsStatus and Methodology (1982); TheLanguage of Children and Adolescents. TheAcquisition of Communicative Competence.(1984); Pidgin and Creole Languages (1988);Bilingualism (1989); Language in Australia(1991); and Language, Education andDevelopment: Urban and Rural Tok Pisin inPapua New Guinea (1992). Her most recentbook is Language in Society (1997).
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T H E C A M B R I D G E H I S T O RY O F t h e c o l d wa r
R e v i e w s o f t h e h a r d b a c k v o l u m e s :
‘The Cambridge History of the Cold War (CHCW) marks a coming of age for Cold War studies. This multi-volume compilation provides a synthesis of the “New Cold War History”. It is a signal
moment in the evolution of the field.’
Mike Sewell , H-Diplo
‘[This] trilogy is remarkable for its range of voices and measured judgements. . . As a source of essential information about the Cold War, this
Cambridge History is going to be hard to beat.’
Robert Service, The Times Literary Supplement
‘There has never been a Cold War history like it; everything about it is monumental . . . In total, the volumes represent a successful interconnected
attempt at describing the Cold War in full.’
Jost Dülffer, H-Soz-u-Kult
‘. . . [its] cogent summaries of various aspects and theaters of the conflict from 1945 to 1962 seem likely to stand the [test] of
time . . . many undergraduate courses would benefit from the assignment of some of these readings.’
David Kaiser, H-Diplo
‘. . . the volume presents a very impressive picture of the formation and globalization of the Cold War, tracing its influence on all aspects of postwarsocio-political life . . . Illustrations, diagrams, a bibliographical essay, and a
detailed index give an additional value to the volume, which beyond itsresearch aims can be recommended for use in teaching.’
Nataliya Egorova, H-Diplo
T H E
C A M B R I DG E
H I S T O RY O F
THE COLDWAR
v o l u m e i
Origins
L E F F L E R
A N D
W E S TA D
T H E C A M B R I D G E
H I S T O RY O F
T H E C O L D WA R
VO L U M E I
Origins
E d i t e d b y
M E LV Y N P. L E F F L E R A N D
O D D A R N E W E S TA D
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CAMBR IDG E
MEDIEVALHISTORY
Ic.‒c.
C AM B R I DG EM E D I E VA LH I S TOR Y
Ic.‒c.
The first volume ofThe New Cambridge Medieval History coversthe transitional period between the later Roman world and theearly middle ages, c.500 to c.700. This was an era of developingconsciousness and profound change in Europe, Byzantium andthe Arab world, an era in which the foundations of medievalsociety were laid and to which many of our modern myths ofnational and religious identity can be traced. This book offers acomprehensive regional survey of the sixth and seventhcenturies, from Ireland in the west to the rise of Islam in theMiddle East, and from Scandinavia in the north to theMediterranean south. It explores the key themes pinningtogether the history of this period, from kingship, trade and thechurch, to art, architecture and education. It represents both aninvaluable conspectus of current scholarship and an expertintroduction to the period.
is Professor of Medieval History at theUniversity of Manchester. His previous publications includeProperty and Power in the Early Middle Ages (co-edited withWendy Davies) and The Age of Charles Martel (Addison-Wesley,2000). He is co-editor of Early Medieval Europe and a Fellow ofthe Royal Historical Society.
CONTENTS
Introduction: The history of Europe –Paul Fouracre
1 The later Roman empireRichard Gerberding
2 The barbarian invasionsGuy Halsall
3 The sources and their interpretationsGuy Halsall
4 The eastern empire in the sixth century
Andrew Louth5 The Byzantines in the West in the sixth century
John Moorhead6 Ostrogothic Italy and the Lombard invasions
John Moorhead7 The formation of the Sueve and Visigothic kingdoms in
SpainA. Barbero and M. I. Loring
8 copy to comecopy to come
9 copy to comecopy to come
10 copy to comecopy to come
(continued on back flap)
THE NEW CAMBRIDGE MEDIEVAL HISTORYThe publication of The New Cambridge Medieval History is a major land-mark in the field of historical publishing. Written by leading internationalscholars and incorporating the very latest research, the History will becomethe essential reference tool for anyone interested in the medieval world. Theoriginal Cambridge Medieval History was published between and ,with a new edition of Volume IV appearing in the s. That famous seriesis now out of print, and is being replaced by The New Cambridge MedievalHistory which will present a reliable, detailed history from late antiquity toc.. To be published in seven volumes, with volume IV divided into twoparts, it will provide a unique, authoritative guide to medieval life andthought.
Volumes in the series
Ic.–c.
Edited by , University of Manchester
IIc.–c.
Edited by , University of Cambridge
IIIc.–c.
Edited by , University of Southampton
IV Part1c.–c.
Edited by , University of Sheffield, and - , University of Cambridge
IV Part 2c.–c.
Edited by and -
Vc.–c.
Edited by , University of Cambridge
VIc.–c.
Edited by , University of Nottingham
VIIc.–c.
Edited by , University of Liverpool
(continued from front flap)
11 The Byzantine empire in the seventh century
Andrew Louth12 Muhammad and the rise of Islam
Carole Hillenbrand13 The Catholic Visigoth kingdom
A. Barbero and M. I. Loring14 Francia in the seventh century
Paul Fouracre15 Religion and society in Ireland
Clare Stancliffe16 Christianity amongst the Britons, Dálriadan Irish and Picts
Clare Stancliffe17 England in the seventh century
Alan Thacker18 Scandinavia (c. ‒)
Lotte Hedeager19 The Slavs ‒
Zbigniew Kobylinski
20 The Jews in Europe, ‒Michael Tuck
21 Kings and kingshipPatrick Wormald
22 The Mediterranean economySimon Loseby
23 The Northern seas (fifth to eighth centuries)Stéphane Lebecq
24 Money and coinageMark Blackburn
25 Church structure and organisationGeorg Scheibelreiter
26 Christianisation and the dissemination of ChristianteachingIan Wood
27 Education and learning (‒)Jacques Fontaine
28a Art and architecture of western Europe, ‒Ian Wood
T H E C A M B R I D G E H I S T O RY O F
T H E B Y Z A N T I N E E M P I R E
c. 500–1492
Byzantium lasted a thousand years, ruled to the end by self-styled‘emperors of the Romans’. It underwent kaleidoscopic territorial andstructural changes, yet recovered repeatedly from disaster: even after thenear-impregnable Constantinople fell in 1204, variant forms of the empirereconstituted themselves. The Cambridge history of the Byzantine empiretells the story, tracing political and military events, religious controversiesand economic change. It offers clear, authoritative chapters on the mainevents and periods, with more detailed chapters on outlying regions andneighbouring societies powers and of Byzantium. With aids such as maps,a glossary, an alternative place-name table and references to English translations of sources, it will be valuable as an introdution. However, italso offers stimulating new approaches and important new findings,making it essential reading for postgraduates and for specialists.
THE
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T H E
B Y Z A N T I N E
E M P I R E
c. 500–1492
printed in the united kingdom
18 Balkan borderlands (1018–1204)paul stephenson
19 Raiders and neighbours: the Turks(1040–1304) d. a. korobeinikov
part iii: the byzantine lands in the latermiddle ages 1204–149220 After the Fourth Crusade20 a. The Greek rump states and the recovery of
Byzantium michael angold20 b. The Latin empire of Constantinople and the
Frankish states david jacoby21 Balkan powers: Albania, Serbia and Bulgaria
(1200–1300) alain ducellier22 The Palaiologoi and the world around them
(1261–1400) angeliki e. laiou23 Latins in the Aegean and the Balkans
(1300–1400) michel balard24 The Roman orthodox world (1393–1492)
anthony bryer
jonathan shepard was for many years a Lecturer in History at the University ofCambridge, and was a Fellow of Selwyn Collegeand of Peterhouse. He is the co-editor (with SimonFranklin) of Byzantine diplomacy (1992), co-author (also with Simon Franklin) of The emergence of Rus, 750–1200 (1996), author ofNespokoini s’sedi: b’lgaro-vizantiiska konfrontatsiya, obmen i s’zhitelstvo prez srednitevekove [Uneasy neighbours: Bulgaro-Byzantineconfrontation, exchange and co-existence in theMiddle Ages] (2007) and editor of The expansionof orthodox Europe: Byzantium, the Balkans andRussia (2007). Shepard is Doctor Honoris Causaof St Kliment Ohrid University in Sofia.
T H E C A M B R I DG E
H I S T O RY O F
THE
BYZANTINEEMPIRE
c. 500–1492
EDITED BY
J O N AT H A N S H E PA R D
CONTENTS
general introduction jonathan shepard
part i: the earlier empire c.500–c.7001 Justinian and his legacy (500–600)
andrew louth2 Eastern neighbours 2 a. Persia and the Sasanian monarchy
(224–651) zeev rubin2 b. Armenia (400–600) r. w. thomson2 c. The Arabs to the time of the Prophet
lawrence i. conrad3 Western approaches (500–600)
john moorhead4 Byzantium transforming (600–700)
andrew louth
part ii: the middle empire c.700–12045 State of emergency (700–850)
marie-france auzépy6 After iconoclasm (850–886)
shaun tougher7 Religious missions sergey a. ivanov8 Armenian neighbours (600–1045)
t. w. greenwood9 Confronting Islam: emperors versus caliphs
(641–c.850) walter e. kaegi10 Western approaches (700–900)
michael mccormick11 Byzantine Italy (680–876)
thomas s. brown12 The middle Byzantine economy (600–1204)
mark whittow13 Equilibrium to expansion (886–1025)
jonathan shepard14 Western approaches (900–1025)
jonathan shepard15 Byzantium and southern Italy (876–1000)
g. a. loud16 Belle époque or crisis? (1025–1118)
michael angold17 The empire of the Komnenoi (1118–1204)
paul magdalino
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continued from front flap
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The Cambridge History of the
Cold War
The New Cambridge
Medieval History
The Cambridge Ancient History
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Byzantine Empire c.500–1492
The Cambridge Economic History of
Modern Britain
New and Forthcoming 2015 titles on Cambridge Histories Online The Cambridge History of Scandinavia
The Cambridge World History (7 Volumes)
The Cambridge History of China Volume 5 Part 2
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