camera basics
DESCRIPTION
Camera Basics. Day 1- Shutter Speed Day 2- Aperture Day 3- Light meter and Manual Mode Day 4- ISO. What 2 mechanisms allow light into a camera?. Aperture and Shutter Speed. SHUTTER SPEED. Controls the amount of light that is allowed into the camera by the amount of time it is left open. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Camera Basics Day 1- Shutter Speed Day 2- Aperture Day 3- Light meter and Manual Mode Day 4- ISO
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What 2 mechanisms allowlight into a camera?
Aperture and Shutter Speed
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SHUTTER SPEED
• Controls the amount of light that is allowed into the camera by the amount of time it is left open
This can effect:-Motion captured--Lightness or darkness of the photograph
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Fast Shutter Speed• 1/250, 1/500, 1/1000• The faster the shutter speed, the
more likely it is that you will be able to “freeze” the subject
• ….but also the less light you are letting in
Non-moving subject**
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Slow Shutter Speed• 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/30• The slower the shutter speed,
the more likely it is that your subject will be blurred
• ….but also the more light you are letting in
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Safest Shutter Speeds
• No lower than 1/30-1/45 s
• If you must take a picture using a shutter speed of 1/30 or below than you need to use a tripod or set the camera on a flat surface.
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Slow Shutter = Blurred Motion
1/60, 1/30,1/15, 1/8…….
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Fast Shutter = Frozen in Time
1/250, 1/5001/1000, ………..
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How to Pan• Set the shutter at about
1/45*• Following the action
while you are taking the picture
• Release the shutter and continue following the action
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B• The “B” on your
shutter stands for bulb, this allows the shutter to stay open as long as your finger is on the camera
• Used mostly for night photography
• Use a tripod if you are using the B
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Shutter Speed Control Mode-On the Cannons- TV-On the Fujifilms- S
Combat the issue of under exposure with aperture*
Where to find it on the camera
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Shutter Speed Review• Give me a thumbs (up down or in the middle) if…
• You remember what shutter speed is
• You remember what type of shutter speed to use if your subject is moving quickly (fast or slow)
• You remember what type of shutter speed lets in MORE light (fast or slow)
• You remember when you should use a tripod
• Bonus: Your remember what the “B” stands for
• Challenge: When in AV/ shutter speed control mode, what your camera changes to combat any exposure issues…..
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APERTURE• Aperture refers to the opening of a lens's diaphragm through
which light passes.• Controls how much light comes into the camera (the intensity
of light)• Film Camera Lenses
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EYE get it!• Works like an eye• What happens to your pupil when
you go in the dark?• Your eye gets larger to let in more light
• What happens to your pupil when someone shines a flashlight at it?• It gets smaller, doesn’t let as much light in
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Aperture= F-Stop= lens opening• F-stop = Focal length/Aperture diameter
• F-stop= F 2.8 – F 22
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f/2 f/2.8 f/4 f/5.6 f/8 f/11 f/16 f/22f/2 f/2.8 f/4 f/5.6 f/8 f/11 f/16 f/22
The f-stop with the LARGEST FRACTION The f-stop with the LARGEST FRACTION is going to let in the MOST amount of lightis going to let in the MOST amount of light
Fractions in Art?
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Fractions in Art?• The f-stop with the LARGEST FRACTION is going to let in the MOST
amount of light
f/2 f/2.8 f/4 f/5.6 f/8 f/11 f/16 f/22f/2 f/2.8 f/4 f/5.6 f/8 f/11 f/16 f/22
1/2 is larger than 1/22 1/2 is larger than 1/22
f/2f/2 f/22f/22
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What does changing the aperture do to the photograph?
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Depth of Field The area of your photograph that is in sharp focus, the areas in front of and behind your subject
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Large (Great) Depth of Field• The subject and the background will be in focus
Small Aperture hole – Think about SquintingLarge Number – F/16 or F/22
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Small (Shallow) Depth of Field• The subject BUT NOT the background will be in focus
Large Aperture Hole – Allowing more lightSmall Number – F/2.8 – F/4
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How do Depth of Field and Aperture Work Together?
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Another way to look at Depth of Field
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Aperture Control Mode-On the Canons- AV-On the fujifilms- A
Combat the issue of under exposure with shutter*
Where on the cameras…
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Lets go to the commons!
F /5.6
F/ 9
F/ 13
F /2.8
F/ 8
F /11
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Aperture and Shutter Review• Are the two things that control the amount of light that
reaches the film
• You need a correct combination of both in order to let in the right amount of light
• Shutter speed controls the amount of time light has to enter the camera
• Aperture controls the amount of space light has to enter the camera
• Lets look at the cannons on MANUAL MODE
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Manual Modes• Get in groups around the cameras, no more than 3 people to
a camera• Canons first• Now Fujifilms
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Videos to Review Aperture and Shutter Speed
shutter- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gnl55vfUChY
aperture - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=34ReeL-MBXk&list=PLp-znpQge8HxrllwXwn9B0Xxf1f7BQnXC&index=3 – depth of field one - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l3zdybilbCY&list=TLHI-fhf_0LvE01I3jffSFrG4_FTrHdxZV
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How do you know if you have to correct amount of light in your camera????
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LIGHT METER• Measures light levels within the area you are
photographing
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Proper Exposure
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Changing the Exposure• To get the proper amount of light (your light meter
reading in the middle) you change aperture and shutter speed.
• Reciprocal System- Once you know the correct combination of shutter and aperture, you can change one setting as long as you change the other setting to match it- i.e. let in the proper amount of light
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For example…
f/2 f/2.8 f/4 f/2 f/2.8 f/4 f/5.6f/5.6 f/8 f/11 f/8 f/11 f/16 f/16 f/22 f/22
1/4 1/3 1/15 1/4 1/3 1/15 1/30 1/30 1/60 1/125 1/250 1/500 1/60 1/125 1/250 1/500FasterSlower
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ISO• International Standards
Organization• It is how sensitive the
camera is to light
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ISO• The HIGHER the ISO number ( FASTER film) the more sensitive
the camera is to light, BUT the grainier the image
• The Lower the ISO number the less sensitive the camera is to light, BUT the clearer the image
• IDEAL film is 200/400 (less grainy)• But you need good light
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If outside and really bright, set it to 100
If outside and cloudy or dim,set to 200-400
If dark or inside, set it to 800 – 1600
There is a CATCH… grainy
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Cannon components of exposure http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=no-zxb3cDio
3 basics of photography http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6-NhJua5NFA
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Fill out the exposure Triangle and Chart
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8SR4yg4irbo
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8SR4yg4irbo
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The virtual camera sites and corresponding worksheetMake exit slip for end of the period on Friday, watch more cannon videos
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