camp george west mmr posters

HISTORY AND SITE LOCATIONEarly HistoryAt 33 years old, George West set outfrom Boston to seek his fortunein Colorado with a group calledthe Boston Company. On June12, 1859, the Boston Companyreached the site of Goldenand agreed to form thenew town of Golden City,recognizing the location asideal for a supply center to themining camps in the mountains.On March 13, 1862, he enteredthe Union Army as a captain,

and served throughout the Civil War in Kansas andMissouri. Captain Wests outfit was the only Coloradounit to capture a Confederate Flag during the war.George West was appointed as the Adjutant General ofColorado in 1887 and was instrumental in revitalizing andreorganizing the state militia, which became the NationalGuard in 1903. He helped create the State Rifle Range,which was renamed Camp George West in his honor in1934. The elimination of rail service combined with limitedspace made Camp George West unusable for trainingand field exercise post-World War II. As a result, thephysical footprint of the camp and its use by the NationalGuard began to diminish in the 1960s and onward.

Site HistoryIn support of the United States World War II effort, Camp George Westwas used for military training from approximately 1930 to 1945. Duringthat time, portions of Green Mountain were leased by the Colorado ArmyNational Guard from the William F. Hayden family for use as an artillerytraining area. This area was used during war-time training as an impact areafor 75-millimeter high-explosive and shrapnel projectiles. Today, the land isowned by the City of Lakewood and lies within the William F. Hayden Park onGreen Mountain, a popular destination for recreational hikers and bikers.

WWII-era artillery training atCamp George West.

Previous investigations on the north slopes of Green Mountain and withinthe Former Camp George West Artillery Range Munitions ResponseSite (Site), have found munitions debris and unexploded ordnancethat may pose a threat to human health and the environment.

Munitions debris recovered from the north slopesof Green Mountain in 2009.

Site Investigation AreaThe Site, outlined in red, is located in Lakewood, Coloradoapproximately seven (7) miles west of downtown Denver, tothe south of the Former Camp George West, and to the westof the Denver Federal Center.

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Military Munitions Response ProgramFormer Camp George West Artillery RangeRemedial Investigation/Feasibility StudyLakewood, Colorado

FINDINGS AND STUDIESPrevious Investigation

Date

Findings

Preliminary Assessment

2009

135-acre impact area designated as a munitions response site75 millimeter (mm) diameter high explosive artillery projectiles

Historic Records Review

2011

No features present on historical aerial photographs to further clarify range

Site Inspection (SI)

2011

Three (3) Munitions Debris (MD) items found during visual surveyleading to a recommendation for Remedial Investigation. NoFurther Action determined for Munitions Constituents

Man Portable Vector Demonstration Study

2013

MD, Nine (9) Munitions and Explosives of Concern (MEC) items recovered

Other Activities

2010, 2011, 2012

MD, MEC found by the public

Site Inspection Results2014 Contractor Finding

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75 mm

2012 Lakewood Employee Finding

Demonstration Study - 2012Camp George West is an excellent site for classification using advanced EMI sensors. Environmental Science Technology Certification Program (ESTCP) Report, June 2013

Munitions debrisfrom 75mmartillery roundswas identified.

Using an advanced metal-detectingsensor, the two (2)-acre study areahad a metallic anomaly density of 250items/acre466 items were dug up (i.e. intrusivelyinvestigated) and nine MEC wererecovered

Soil sampleswere analyzedand no explosivecompounds werereported.

Majority of items were 4-8 inches belowground surface (bgs) and the deepestitem was approximately 16 inches bgs.

75 mm

JDemonstration Study


7.5 miles oftransects werewalked andno MEC wasrecovered.

REGULATORY ENVIRONMENTMMRP and ARNGNational Guard - US Constitutiondefinedrole as State militia and functionsas dual StateFederal force. ArmyNational Guard (ARNG) training on:

Department of Defense (DoD) installations Non-DoD Federally-managed lands State, Tribal, and privately-owned propertiesIn 2001, Congress established the MilitaryMunitions Response Program (MMRP)under the Defense EnvironmentalRestoration Program for sites at whichMunitions and Explosives of Concernmay present a potential hazard tohuman health or the environmentSites eligible for MMRP identified asMunitions Response Sites (MRS)Since 2009, ARNG inventoriedNon-DoD Non-OperationalDefense Sites (NDNODS):Nationwide effort to identify formertraining areas where Guardsmentrained and used munitionsFocus: Non-DoD federal, state, tribaland privately-owned propertiesDuring inventory, additional MRSsidentified that did not meet NDNODScriteria; however, MMRPeligible andaddressed under ARNG MMRPOver 500 ARNG sites identifiedin 48 states and 2 territoriesNDNODS Inventory Reportsmeet requirements of CERCLAPreliminary Assessment


ProcessPreliminary Assessment

Site Inspection

Remedial Investigation *

Feasibility Study

Follows DoD MMRP Policy Follows ComprehensiveEnvironmental Response,Compensation and LiabilityAct (CERCLA) NationalContingency Plan and Process Stakeholder Involvement Response Actions based onanticipated future land use Fosters Innovative Technologies

Proposed Plan

Decision Document

Remedial Design

Remedial ActionNFA/Institutional Controls/Long-Term Monitoring

* Current Project PhaseThe objective of the RI process is notthe unobtainable goal of removingall uncertainty, but rather to gatherinformation sufficient to support aninformed risk management decisionregarding which remedy appears tobe most appropriate for a given siteUSEPA, Guidance for Conducting Remedial Investigationsand Feasibility Studies Under CERCLA, 1988.

Who

Army National Guard (ARNG) Colorado National Guard (CONG) U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Omaha District Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment(CDPHE) Regulator

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Regulator City of Lakewood Landowner AECOM ContractorContacts

John Haines, Army National Guard Directorate [email protected] or call 703-607-7986

Captain Darin Overstreet, Colorado National Guard [email protected] or call 720-250-1053

Jeannine Natterman, CO Dept of Public Health and Environmentat [email protected] or call 303-692-3303

MMRP RI/FS OVERVIEWMMRP RI/FS Overview

Conceptual Site Model Suspected Firing Path Profile

The Remedial Investigation characterizesthe site conditions including the natureand extent of Munitions and Explosives ofConcern (MEC) and Munitions Constituents(MC), and assesses the MEC hazards and MCrisks to human health and the environment

The Feasibility Study identifies, develops,and evaluates potential remedial actionalternatives

Objectives for Data Collection/Assessment:

Determine MEC type (nature), density anddistribution (extent)

Determine nature, concentrations and extentof MC (if any)

Assess potential explosive hazards and/or MCrisks to human health, safety and environment

Refine Munitions Response Site boundariesField Investigation Components

Establishing Site Survey Control Transect-based Geophysical Survey Detector-Aided Visual Transects (in drainages) Anomaly Density Mapping of transect data Detector-Aided Visual Surface Clearance Vegetation Removal If necessary in support of data collection,

Proposed Fieldwork

Site Location (looking South)

coordinated and approved by City of Lakewood

Grid-based Geophysical Survey Intrusive Investigation of metallic anomalieswithin grids

Material Potentially Presenting an ExplosiveHazard Inspection and Disposal

MEC Disposal OperationsMEC Recovered8

TimeframeThe Remedial Investigation is being conducted as part of the overall CERCLA process for the site, as depicted in the following MRS planned project timeline.


FIELD WORKProposed FieldworkGeophysical Transect Survey

Objective is to characterizedistribution and density of buriedmetal that has the potentialto be munitions related

Transect design results in 95%probability of traversing andsuspected munitions target area

Geophysical equipment arehigh end metal detectors

Buried metal is detectedas an anomaly

Metallic anomalies are mapped Higher density areas of anomalies

are potential ConcentratedMunitions Use Areas (CMUA).Lower density areas are potentialNon-CMUAs (NCMUA)

Additional transect data may becollected to address uncertaintiesand/or refine boundaries

Visual Transects

Walking surveys in primary drainages where vegetation and terrain prevent the use of geophysicsGeophysical Grid Surveys

Objective is to dig up a subset of metallic anomaliesand confirm whether items are munitions related

Grids will be selected, geophysically surveyed, and

Dig results will be used to refine the CMUA and NCMUAboundaries and to support estimates for developingcleanup alternatives in the Feasibility Study

metallic anomalies dug up and identified

Inspection of Material PotentiallyPresenting an Explosive Hazard

Material Documented as Safe

Example Surveys andIntrusive Investigation

Demolition on an as needed basis Blow-in-place (BIP) or consolidated shots BIP = Unacceptable to move, may require guard Under supervision of Senior UXO Supervisor Appropriate engineering controls andminimum separations distances

Munitions Constituents: Site inspectiondetermined no further action

Sampling only if previously undiscovered areasof highly concentrated Munitions and Explosivesof Concern and Munitions Debris identified


Warren AFB, WY

SAFETYThe objective of the Military Munitions Response Program is to reduce theimpacts to safety, human health and the environment caused by militarymunitions-related hazards resulting from past Department of Defense activities.Summary of Potential Site Risks/Hazards

CAUTION:

HISTORIC MILITARYARTILLERY USE AREAArtillery shells from military training prior to World War II havebeen found in this park. There is a potential that pieces ofunexploded artillery could still be in the park.FOR YOUR SAFETY, PRACTICE THE 3 Rs:RECOGNIZE that old artillery shells or military munitionsmay be present and could resemble a piece of pipe, a soda can, amuffler tail pipe or other metal objects.RETREAT from suspicious items. DO NOT TOUCH,MOVE OR DISTURB. Immediately leave the area followingthe same path used to enter the area.REPORT the suspicious item by calling 911.Crews will be working on the north slopes of Green Mountain toinvestigate the nature and extent of the artillery debris.More information:Lakewood.org/HaydenParkColorado Department of Public Healthand Environment: 303-692-3303

Discovery of nine (9) unexploded ordnance itemswithin the Demonstration Study area indicatesthis was likely an artillery target area. Unexplodedordnance found during that study indicates a highprobability that additional unexploded ordnancecould be present at the Site, reinforcing theimportance of public awareness of the potentialdangers of unexplodedordnance. Should suspectedmunitions be found at theSite, the three (3) Rs shouldbe followed.RECOGNIZE:Recognize when you may haveencountered a munition.RETREAT:

Do not touch, move or disturbit, but carefully leave thearea the way you entered.

REPORT:

Call 911! Immediately notify locallaw enforcement of what yousaw and where you saw it.

Warning Signs already placed around Green Mountain area

Fire Prevention Plan

Coordinated with the Fire Marshal of theWest Metro Fire District

Intentionaldetonations may benecessary to manageexplosive risks andreduce hazards topark users.Technician preparing for anintentional detonation


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