can africa benefit from cloud computing? andrew stott senior consultant, twict formerly deputy uk...
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Can Africa benefit from Cloud Computing?
Andrew Stott Senior Consultant, TWICTformerly Deputy UK Gov CIO
Washington09 Jul 2012 v0.9
What is Cloud Computing?
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Cloud Computing
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“Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.”
NIST, US
Cloud Computing
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“Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.”
NIST, US
Cloud Computing
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“A standardised IT capability delivered via Internet technologies in a pay-per-use, self-service way.”
Forrester Research
Cloud Computing: Essential Characteristics
On-demand self-service
Broad network access
Resource pooling
Rapid elasticity
Measured service
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Cloud Computing: Service Models
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Model Application Software
Middleware (eg integration
libraries, database s/w)
Servers & Storage
Examples
Infrastructure As A Service
Consumer Consumer Provider Amazon EC2/S3
Rackspace
Platform As A Service
Consumer Provider Provider Google App Engine
Microsoft Azure
Software As A Service
Provider Provider Provider Google AppsSalesforce
Cloud Computing: Deployment Models
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Model Location Infrastructure Platform Application
Public CloudOff
premises Community Cloud
Off premises ? ()
Private Cloud
On or off customer premises
?
Hybrid
On and off customer premises
Benefits and Risks
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Cloud Computing: Benefits
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Benefit Stream
Cost Saving Utilisation 10-20% 80-90% Commoditisation Use of capital “Scale down” as well as “scale up”
Staff savings Automated management User-led provisioning Leveraging of skills
Resilience Uptime Disaster Recovery Surge Capacity
Business Flexibility
Better lead-time Fewer infrastructure constraints Greater standardisation Variable business geometry
Issues
Requires always-on broadband(Perceptions of) Security(Perceptions of) loss of controlLegal/regulatory frameworkLanguagesTerritorialityVendor Lock-inAdapting the business to the ITMigration costs and staff adaptationBusiness continuity
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SME users disproportionately benefit
Access to enterprise-class software as a service
Better security and resilience at lower costNo premises costsFewer skills requirementsEasier access to business building blocks (eg
e-commerce, payment systems, CRM, ERP)
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The Cloud Market
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What parts of the ICT market are affected?
14Market size data: Forrester Research
Low
High
Medium
Impact
IT Market changes
New entrants in Infrastructure, Platform and Software
Traditional IT players highly conflicted Telcos familiar with cloud infrastructure model For G-Clouds, PPP is a feasible modelLower barriers to entry for software providers
‒ Lower upfront capex by using cloud infrastructure
‒ Lower marketing and distribution costs‒Easy access to international markets
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SAAS is predicted to dominate long-term
16Source: Forrester Research
SAAS on IAAS
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Implications for Procurement
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Cloud: implications for procurement
Providers tend to shape the marketRequirements-led specifications may not give
optimal solutionsCapability-led specifications raise new issuesPrime Contractor model needs to be adaptedClient side integration skills importantRisk allocation, not simple risk transferLow-cost, commodity, model makes high bid
costs untenable for some vendors“Thick” integration layer absorbs most/all of
financial and non financial benefits19
Can Africa benefit from Cloud Computing?
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Can Africa benefit from Cloud Computing?
Opportunity to leverage current broadband investment programmes
Proven platform for fast deployment of innovative services
Gives SMEs and entrepreneurs access to high-quality IT services
Leverages available skills towards adding value
Allows “leap-frogging” of legacy IT dead-endsEstablished model for private capital
investment21
Cloud-ready: national level
Always-on megabit-class broadband?80%+ coverage of system users?Good low-latency international connectivity?Trusted payment mechanisms?Standards-based regulatory framework?Sufficient potential market for localisation?Integration skills?Telco or cloud/data centre specialist with
access to investment capital?
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Cloud-ready: Government
Effective cross-government ICT leadership?Effective ICT governance?Full ICT cost awareness?Standards-based approach to ICT security?Results not inputs culture?Suitable Ministry to be “G-Cloud broker”?
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Cloud opportunities in current ICT portfolio
US$250m of telecoms infrastructure ‒ cloud enabling, but not itself cloud
US$15m of specialist IT – not cloud-suitableUS$235 of projects worth asking the question
‒Transformational opportunities‒Whole-of-Government ICT infrastructure‒Whole Ministry technology upgrade‒e-Government platform
‒Efficiency and time-to-value opportunities‒Finance and HR systems‒Line of business apps with dispersed users
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Discussion
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End
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