Chapter 4: Lesson 1

Canada’s Land and PeopleVOCABULARY

PHYSICAL REGIONS OF CANADA

• There are 7 physical regions of Canada:• Canadian Shield• St. Lawrence Lowlands• Appalachian• Interior Plains• Western Mountains• Hudson Bay lowlands• Arctic Islands

CANADIAN SHIELD• It is the largest region.• It is extremely cold.• It has very little soil. It is not good for farming.• Few people live here.

ST. LAWRENCE LOWLANDS• It is the smallest region.• It has more industries and people than any other

region.• The St. Lawrence Seaway is a major waterway in

this region.• It has the best farmland.

APPALACHIAN REGION• It has fertile valleys and low mountains.• It has forests, mineral resources, and fish.• It has sandy beaches along its coast.

INTERIOR PLAINS REGION• It has prairies and farms.

WESTERN MOUNTAINS• It has forests, mineral resources, rivers, and

wildlife.

HUDSON BAY LOWLANDS• It is made up of swamps.

ARCTIC ISLANDS• It is too cold here for trees to grow.• It is mostly made up of tundra ( a low flat plain of

frozen ground).

prairie

Tundra

Fjord

province• A self-governing region.

**Picture in a few slides**

territory• A large region that belongs to a country, but does

not have the same rights or self government as the rest of the country.

**Picture on next slide**

MAJOR ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF THE ATLANTIC PROVINCES

• Fishing has been the central economic activity of the Atlantic Provinces since the time of European settlement.

• The Grand Banks is one of the best fishing areas in the world.

THE PROVINCE OF ONTARIO AND QUEBEC

• Most of the country’s manufactured goods are made here.

• Four of the five Great Lakes are on the border of Canada: Superior, Huron, Erie, and Ontario

• The St. Lawrence River provides Ontario and Quebec with a direct water route between the Great Lakes and the Atlantic Ocean.

• These two provinces are called the heartland of Canada.

• The St. Lawrence River is the most important river in Canada.

• The river provides transportation for goods, services, and people.

CANADA’S 3 TERRITORIES• The three territories are the Yukon Territory, the

Northwest Territory, and Nunavut.• They make up 40% of Canada’s land area.• Few people live here.• There are no large cities.• The only real economic activity is mining.• Most of the people hunt and fish.

export• Goods sent for sale to other places.

Import• Goods brought in for sale from other places.

protectionism• A government policy that calls for some type of

action, such as raising tariffs (prices), to protect a market from imports (goods brought in for sale).

• These laws taxed imports. Thus, the imports cost more so the people bought less of them.

Free trade• Trade without limits or protections.

Economic indicator

• A measure of a countries economy and how well its people live.