cancer in the workplace - osc · lung cancer in the workplace nearly half of lung cancer is caught...
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Cancer in the Workplace
Jared Kobulnicky, MD
Hematologist-Oncologist
Virginia Oncology Associates
10/10/19
About Virginia Oncology Associates (VOA)
Physician owned Hematology/Oncology Practice
We work with all medical systems in the area: Sentara, Riverside, Bon Secours
38 physicians: medical oncology, radiation oncology, GYN oncology
538 employees
9 offices: Chesapeake, Hampton, Newport News, Norfolk, Suffolk (Obici & Harbour View),
Virginia Beach, Williamsburg, and Elizabeth City, NC
Patients seen last fiscal year: 45,060 including over 8,000 new patients
33 current clinical studies/trials: USON network, Duke, Intergroup
Phase I trial site
Stem cell transplant program
Faculty at Eastern Virginia Medical School
Tumor boards: every week, for all diseases
Hereditary cancer program: the first of its kind in the area
Cancer in the Workplace
Cancer caused by occupational exposure
Cancer occurring in the working age adult, unrelated
to their occupation (the more common scenario)
Discuss emerging treatments that will challenge your
perceptions of cancer care
New developments in Oncology
Due to significant advances in medicine, there are many new
treatments available for cancer
Whether surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, immunotherapy or
targeted therapy are recommend vary significantly based on the
cancer and stage
FDA approved 19 new medications for cancer in 2018
Patients and their employers should not make assumptions about
what treatment will entail without speaking with an oncologist
Cancer Caused by Occupational
Exposure
Asbestos and Mesothelioma
Pesticides and Leukemia / Lymphoma
Many things have been associated but not definitively
proven to cause cancer
Mesothelioma
Incidence is beginning to
decline
Traditional treatments
included surgery (for some)
and chemotherapy
Newer treatments include
immunotherapy and tumor
treatment fields (TTF)
ImmunotherapyNormally, your immune
system (T Cell) should be
able to recognize and destroy cancer cells in the
body
Cancer makes two proteins called PDL1 and PDL2 which block the ability of the immune system to recognize and eliminate cancer
Remission?
Cancers Immunotherapy is Used
For…
Lung
Melanoma
Head and Neck
Merkel Cell
Breast
Bladder
Kidney
Anal
Esophagus
Gastric
Liver
Cancers of all type (if the
patient has microsatellite
instability)
Tumor Treating Fields
Creates a small electrical field between the pads
Patient cannot fell this low level electrical field
Electrical field disrupts cancers ability to grow
Also approved from Glioblastoma Multiforme (Brain Cancer)
Round up
EPA concluded that Round up likely does not cause cancer
UN sponsored IARC concluded that it does
In making their recommendations, they used different
experiments and data bases to come to their conclusions
Recent lawsuit in California settled in favor of plaintiff in excess
of 200 million dollars
Pesticides
Many studies have shown an association with pesticide use and incident of leukemia and lymphoma
28% increase risk of lymphoma (Int J Cancer. 2008;123(7):1657)
in a retrospective study
Retrospective studies can be challenging because of recall bias – patients who develop lymphoma are more likely to remember prior exposure to pesticides
Leukemia and
Lymphoma
Cancers of the blood and lymph nodes
Traditionally treated
with chemotherapy
Many are cured with
Chemotherapy alone
CAR-T (a type of immunotherapy) is an emerging
treatment
Breast Cancer in the Workplace
Many women will experience breast cancer in their working
years
Chemotherapy can cause disabling symptoms that force
patients to stop working, sometimes permanently
Chemotherapy can last up to 1 year
Oncotype Dx changed breast cancer
treatments
Chemotherapy Symptoms
Employees and Employers
understandably concerned if the
patient can continue working now or
even in the future
Majority of women with hormone positive breast
cancer do not benefit from chemotherapy
No benefit to
chemotherapy
Lung Cancer in the Workplace
Nearly half of lung cancer is caught in the advanced stage
Traditionally, chemotherapy, radiation and surgery were mainstays of treatment
15% of patients with advanced lung cancer are candidates for targeted therapy alone
25% of patients with advanced lung cancer are candidates for immunotherapy alone
Many of these patients may be able to continue working as these treatments have
significantly less side effects on average
Targeted Therapy
40 year old female
Non smoker
Presented with stage IV lung cancer
Found to have an ALK rearrangement – 2% of lung cancer
Started on a new targeted treatment called Alectinib, still in remission several years later.
Targeted Therapy
in Melanoma
50% of melanoma has a
BRAF mutation
Dabrafenib is a small
molecular inhibitor of
BRAF
BRAF is a mutation
(change in DNA) that tells a cancer to grow
How do we know if targeted
therapy is appropriate?
Test for mutations (changes in the DNA)
This can be done on the biopsy or from a simple blood test as evidence of cancer can often be
detected there as well
Foundation 1 was the first to receive FDA approval however there are many others available that are
routinely used
Patients should talk with their doctor about whether it is appropriate to send
Cancers for which targeted therapy is
available
Breast
Lung
Melanoma
Colon
Leukemia
Lymphoma
Many others
Other occupational exposures
Bladder - Benzidine, beta-naphthylamine,4-aminobiphenyl, arsenic
– variety of solvents
Liver – vinyl chloride – variety of plastics
Lung – diesel exhaust, cadmium, many others
List not inclusive
OSHA standards designed to protect workers
THANK YOU