canopy and cropload management in hybrid winegrapes

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Canopy and cropload management in hybrid winegrapes Justine Vanden Heuvel Ching Sun, Gavin Sacks

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Canopy and cropload management in hybrid winegrapes. Justine Vanden Heuvel Ching Sun, Gavin Sacks. What’s wrong with this picture?. Cabernet Sauvignon in Australia What’s wrong with this picture?. Smart and Robinson, 1991. Riesling in NYS - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Canopy and cropload management in hybrid winegrapes

Canopy and cropload management in hybrid

winegrapes

Justine Vanden HeuvelChing Sun, Gavin Sacks

Page 2: Canopy and cropload management in hybrid winegrapes

What’s wrong with this picture?

Smart and Robinson, 1991

Cabernet Sauvignon in Australia

What’s wrong with this picture?

Page 3: Canopy and cropload management in hybrid winegrapes

Riesling in NYS

Cluster exposure impacts flavor and aroma composition

Meyers, 2010

Page 4: Canopy and cropload management in hybrid winegrapes

Oo

Chardonnay in NYS

Open canopies result in better spray coverage

Austin, 2010

Page 5: Canopy and cropload management in hybrid winegrapes

Wilcox and Austin, 2009

Open canopies have lower incidence of disease

Page 6: Canopy and cropload management in hybrid winegrapes

How do we achieve an open, balanced hybrid canopy?

Page 7: Canopy and cropload management in hybrid winegrapes

Hybrid canopy management studies

• Foch– Shoot thinning and harvest date

• Seyval blanc– Shoot thinning and cluster thinning

• Corot Noir– Shoot thinning and cluster thinning

• Noiret– Shoot thinning and leaf removal

Page 8: Canopy and cropload management in hybrid winegrapes

Shoot thinning, harvest date Marechal Foch 2007

Control Shoot-thinned

Early harvest: Sept. 11Late harvest: Sept. 18

Page 9: Canopy and cropload management in hybrid winegrapes

Foch

CE = control, early harvest, CL = control, late harvestSTE = shoot thinned, early harvest, STL = shoot thinned, late harvest

a a

bb

Page 10: Canopy and cropload management in hybrid winegrapes

Foch

aa

bb

CE = control, early harvest, CL = control, late harvestSTE = shoot thinned, early harvest, STL = shoot thinned, late harvest

Page 11: Canopy and cropload management in hybrid winegrapes

Foch

• Brix: 22.7 - 24.3 (harvest date only)

• pH: 3.62 - 3.70 (harvest date only)

• TA: 8.67 – 9.50 g/L (ST and harvest date)

Page 12: Canopy and cropload management in hybrid winegrapes

Foch

b

aa

b

aa

bb

CE = control, early harvest, CL = control, late harvestSTE = shoot thinned, early harvest, STL = shoot thinned, late harvest

Page 13: Canopy and cropload management in hybrid winegrapes

Ratio of compound peak to IS peak area

CE = control, early harvest, CL = control, late harvestSTE = shoot thinned, early harvest, STL = shoot thinned, late harvest

Foch

Page 14: Canopy and cropload management in hybrid winegrapes

sweat,cheese

sweet,clove,smoke,bandaid

fruit,banana,apple,rose

solvent,fruit,potato,chocolate flower,

apple

grass,green

ST and harvest date impact Foch aroma compounds

Page 15: Canopy and cropload management in hybrid winegrapes

FochTriangle Tests

Page 16: Canopy and cropload management in hybrid winegrapes

Foch Triangle Tests• Shoot thinned late harvest preferred over

Control late harvest • Shoot thinned late harvest preferred over

Shoot thinned early harvest

Page 17: Canopy and cropload management in hybrid winegrapes

Control (2007)

ST (2007) Control (2008)

ST (2008)

Yield (t/a) 4.1 3.3 7.0 5.3

Rev. per acre

$2,460 - $4,662 -

Add. costs per acre

$0 $54 $0 $54

Add. cost per ton

$0 $16.36 $0 $10.18

Req. price/ton

$600 $761 $666 $890

Add. bottle price

$0 $0.22 $0 $0.31

Maintaining revenue per acre in Foch vineyard:

Page 18: Canopy and cropload management in hybrid winegrapes

Canopy management of Seyval

Shoot-thinned (5 shoots per foot)

Control

Treatments: shoot-thinned, cluster-thinned, shoot-thinned + cluster-thinned

Page 19: Canopy and cropload management in hybrid winegrapes

Seyval

Con = control, ST= shoot-thinned, CT = cluster-thinned, ST+CT = shoot-thinned + cluster-thinned

Page 20: Canopy and cropload management in hybrid winegrapes

Seyval

Con = control, ST= shoot-thinned, CT = cluster-thinned, ST+CT = shoot-thinned + cluster-thinned

Page 21: Canopy and cropload management in hybrid winegrapes

pH = 3.52 – 3.65TA = 7.54 – 8.09 g/L

Con = control, ST= shoot-thinned, CT = cluster-thinned, ST+CT = shoot-thinned + cluster-thinned

Seyval

Page 22: Canopy and cropload management in hybrid winegrapes

To maintain revenue of $7,356 per acre in Seyval vineyard:

Control

ST CT ST+CT

Yield (t/a) 12.0 9.6 8.1 6.6

Add. costs per acre

$0 $54 $62 $116

Add. cost per ton

$0 $5.62 $7.65 $17.57

Req. price per ton

$613 $772 $915 $1,132

Add. bottle price

$0 $0.22 $0.42 $0.72

Page 23: Canopy and cropload management in hybrid winegrapes

Choosing a training system

Page 24: Canopy and cropload management in hybrid winegrapes
Page 25: Canopy and cropload management in hybrid winegrapes

Noiret on VSP

Page 26: Canopy and cropload management in hybrid winegrapes
Page 27: Canopy and cropload management in hybrid winegrapes

Managing hybrid canopies

Same concepts apply as in vinifera – but different practices are required to achieve a balanced, open canopy

• Choose training system and CM practices based on growth habit (upright vs. procumbent), anticipated vigor, site, and growing season

• Don’t undercrop! (But don’t overcrop…). Calculate cropload on 5 sentinel vines per acre.

• ST and CT if needed (often on vigorous hybrids)