Capacity Development Capacity Development and and and and

Knowledge SharingKnowledge Sharing

M. K.Saxena

"The PMGSY launched in 2001,

over the years has brought about a over the years has brought about a

paradigm shift in the way rural

roads are mapped, designed,

monitored and built across the

country, involving communities country, involving communities

especially women,”

• World’s biggest blacktopping programme

• Pioneering endeavours

synonymous

• Word “Training” referred 29 times in the deliberations

Popularise with contractors

Capacity Development in Rural Road Projects

Skill upgrading

Organizational strengthening

Procedural improvements

Human Resource

Development

Development of

Management & Administration

Capacity Development is about Change, Capabilities,

Effectiveness and Sustainability.

Importance of Capacity Development

Changing Paradigm

The 70s:

Individual training alone never prospered capacity development.

The 80s:

The 90s:

Yet, in 1990s, CD remained as secondary objective of many aid projects with no clear-cut definitions and

ways of achieving it.

2000 +:

The concept of CD still remains difficult to grasp, and The concept of CD still remains difficult to grasp, and

that is where we stand today and that is why the

concept of the two axes defined in the next slide.

Perspectives on Capacity Development indifferent periods and the approaches…

Institutional Building

• Equip developing countries with inventory of public sector

institutions managing programmes of public investment.

• Focus on designing individual functioning organizations.

• Importing models and trainings from developed

50s & 60s

Institutional Strenghtening

• Improving existing organizations.

• Tools to help individual performance.

• Importing models and trainings from developed

countries.

Development Management

• Reaching previously abandoned groups.

60s & 70s

70s • Reaching previously abandoned groups.

• Decentralization and interventions in public

programmes.

• Improving delivery systems to reach target groups.

Human Resource Development• Development is about people.

• Emergence of people centric

development.

70s & 80s

70s

Institutional Development

• Effectiveness related to internal and external environment.

• Moving beyond individual organization

• Focusing on sustainability.

Capacity Development• Re - assesed the notion of Technical Corporation.

80s

80s & 90s• Re - assesed the notion of Technical Corporation.

• Local Ownership.

• Participation for sustainable development.

Capacity Development and Knowledge Network

• Increased participation in capacity development.

• Emphasis on continuous learning and adaptation.

• Result based management

• Long term sustainability.

80s & 90s

2000s

• Long term sustainability.

• Systems approach.

• Spread of ICT based knowledge network.

• Emphasis on need based assessment.

Participatory Capacity Development approach

• Partnership involving high degree of ownership.

• Transformation of all stakeholders.

• Strengthning intervention

2010s

Institutional Capacity Development

Non-Tangibles/ Soft Capabilities :

Tangibles/ Hard Capabilities :

To achieve a proper and balanced

Capacity Development a balance is

required between tangibles and non-

tangibles

World Bank on Capacity Development in PMGSY

• The World Bank has supported PMGSY since its inception in

2004.2004.

• PMGSY RURAL ROADS PROJECT- 2010

• Additional Financing for PMGSY RRP (2018)

• To be effective, institutional and capacity development

PMGSY RURAL ROADS PROJECT (Project Appraisal Document - November 2010)

• To be effective, institutional and capacity development

support should be provided to states in a way that

responds to demand as well as the training identified

through the needs assessment.

• To achieve this, the states will be encouraged to • To achieve this, the states will be encouraged to

identify their own training priorities, which will be

submitted to NRRDA as part of the annual planning

cycle.

The training was expected to cover four main areas:

• Training to Institutionalize NRRDA systems

• Training on core rural road business processes

• Training to support the private sector

• Training to support community participation in rural roads

Capacity Building: NRRDA will utilize the services of

(NITHE-now IAHE) and other institutions for

conducting regular training and capacity building

programs for the participating states involving programs for the participating states involving

SRRDAs, PRIs, Contractors and Consultants.

The Technical Assistance and Training sub-component

under the project will be utilized for developing

systematic curriculum, training materials and for

imparting core and specialized training modules to the

engineers and contractors.

TRAINING PROGRAMS HELD BY IAHE TRAINING PROGRAMS HELD BY IAHE TRAINING PROGRAMS HELD BY IAHE TRAINING PROGRAMS HELD BY IAHE

FOR NRIDA / PMGSYFOR NRIDA / PMGSYFOR NRIDA / PMGSYFOR NRIDA / PMGSY

4450

Programs for NRIDA organized by IAHE

1310

44

22

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

No

. of

Pro

gra

ms

510

6

0

5

10

15

2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 upto

30.11.2019

No

. of

Pro

gra

ms

Year Additionally NRIDA has used CRRI & other institutes also

S. No. Name of course No. of participants

1 Refresher course after (Basic Training) for PMGSY Engineers 28

2 Basic Training programme on planning design and constructions of bridges and culverts

30

Training Calendar (IAHE) for officers involved in

PMGSY (2019-2020)-up to 30 November, 2019

of bridges and culverts

3 Quality control Material Testing Procedure 24

4 Design of Flexible and Rigid Pavements 31

5 Training programme on modern survey techniques including GIS/ GPS and Total station

29

6 Training programme Basic training for PMGSY Officers 35

7 Training Programme on “Preparation of DPRs for Rural Roads” 17

8 Training Programme on “Preparation of DPRs for Rural Roads” 268 Training Programme on “Preparation of DPRs for Rural Roads” 26

9 Training Programme on “Construction and maintenance of flexible and rigid pavements i/c new materials and technology”

31

10 Training Programme on “Design of flexible and rigid pavements “ 17

11 Training Programme on “ Environmental and social issues on rural roads”

20

12 Refresher course for PMGSY Engineers 23

S. No. Name of course No. of participants

13 Training Programme Modern Survey Techniques including GIS/GPS and Total stations

23

14 Training basic Programmes “ Planning, designing and construction of bridges and culverts’

28

15 Training programme on Basic training for Newly Inducted for PMGSY Officers

23PMGSY Officers

16 Training program on “Refresher course for PMGSY Engineers” 8

17 Basic training program on planning, design and construction of bridges and culverts

34

18 Training program on modern survey techniques including GIS/ GPS and Total Stations

33

19 Training program for “Preparation of DPRs on rural roads” 43

20 Training Programme on “Design of flexible and rigid pavements “ 2720 Training Programme on “Design of flexible and rigid pavements “ 27

21 Training program for “Preparation of DPRs on rural roads” 26

22 Training Programme on “Quality control, Material Testing Procedures and Hands on Practise”

33

Total Number of Sponsored Training Programs 593

Training programme on Orientation course for AEE/AE/JE

(systematic curriculum for a 6 day module)Day 1

Time Course

9:30 – 10:00 Registration

10:00 – 11:15 Pre test of participants

Day 4

Time Course

9:30 – 13:00 Demonstration of Tests on soil and

aggregates and laboratory practice. Hand 10:00 – 11:15 Pre test of participants

11:30 – 13:00 PMGSY Guidelines

14:00 – 15:30 Survey and alignment, transect walk,

selection of roads, CNCPL, CUPL

15:45 – 17:30 Planning for rural roads core network

and Preparation of DPR

DAY 2

9:30 – 13:00 Geometrics design plain and hill roads

and super elevation, Blind curves, Hair

pin bends

aggregates and laboratory practice. Hand

feel tests .

14:00 – 17:30 Demonstration of tests on bitumen,

penetration, bitumen extraction test, and

other tests, strength of concrete, hand-feel

tests

Day 5

9:30 – 13:00 MoRD Specifications of rural roads and rural

roads manual- SP-20

14:00 – 15:30 Rigid pavements and Good Concreting

practicespin bends

14:00 – 17:30 Contract management and Standard

Bidding document of PMGSY

DAY 3

9:30 – 13:00 Quality assurance in PMGSY Projects,

quality control handbook part 1 and 2,

Non-destructive test.

14:00 – 17:30 Maintenance of Rural roads, Pavement

condition index and its estimation.

practices

15:45 – 17:30 Deficiencies in DPRs and weakness in

investigation.

Day 6

09:30 – 11:15 Design of flexible pavement

11:30 – 13:00 Planning and execution of CD Structures

14:00 – 15:30 Environment and social issues, road safety

and road safety audit for rural roads.

Training programme on PMGSY refresher course for AEE/AE/JE

(systematic curriculum for a 3 day module)

Training programme on PMGSY refresher course for EEs

(systematic curriculum for a 2 day module)Day 1

Time Course Time Course

9:30 – 10:00 Registration

10:00 – 11:15 PMGSY Guidelines and Core Network

11:30 – 13:00 Deficiencies in DPRs and Weakness in investigation

14:00 – 15:30 Standard bidding document of PMGSY and Control management

15:45 – 17:30 MoRD specification of rural roads and rural roads manual

DAY 2

9:30 – 11:15 Quality assurance in PMGSY Projects, quality control handbook part 1 and 9:30 – 11:15 Quality assurance in PMGSY Projects, quality control handbook part 1 and 2, Non-destructive test

11:30 – 13:00 Geometrics design plain and hill roads and super elevation, Blind curves, Hair pin bends, grade compensation, design of plans, L section, transition of design, field demonstration, laying of works

14:00 – 15:30 Maintenance of Rural roads, Pavement condition and its estimation.

15:45- 17:30 Group Discussion

Module 1: Introduction

Module 2: Technical Consideration and

Implementation Arrangements

Module 3: Financing Rural Road

Maintenance

Rural Road Maintenance Training Modules for Engineers

Maintenance

Module 4: Planning Inspection, Reporting

and Monitoring

Module 5: Appropriate Setting out

Techniques

Module 6: Hand Tools, Equipment and

Construction Materials

Module 7: Routine Maintenance Work Module 7: Routine Maintenance Work

Method

Module 8: Occupational Health & amp;

Safety, Environmental Issues and Decent

Work

Module 9: Contract Management

Module 1: Introduction

Module 2: Technical Consideration and

Implementation Arrangements

Module 3: Construction Measurement and

Basic Calculations

Rural Road Maintenance Training Modules for Contractors

Basic Calculations

Module 4: Planning and Work Organization

Module 5: Appropriate Setting out

Techniques

Module 6: Hand Tools, Equipment and

Construction Materials

Module 7: Routine Maintenance Work Module 7: Routine Maintenance Work

Method

Module 8: Occupational Health & amp;

Safety, Environmental Issues and Decent

Work

Module 9: Costing and Tendering

Training Modules of NRIDA (developed by IAHE)

Module 1: Technology Initiative by Rural RoadsModule 1: Technology Initiative by Rural Roads

Module 2: Procurement of services, works and contract

management.

Module 3: Preparation of detailed project report

Module 4: Design, Construction and maintenance

Module 5: Design of Minor Bridges and CulvertsModule 5: Design of Minor Bridges and Culverts

Training Modules other than orientation and refresher course on

PMGSY (systematic curriculum developed and implemented)

Sl. No States/Agency Target Participants(in Nos.)

1 NRRDA 882 Andhra Pradesh 2673 Arunachal Pradesh 4524 Assam 8525 Bihar 6736 Chhattisgarh 4617 Gujarat 788 Haryana 939 233

Target Participants – NRRDA & States (2018-19)

9 Himachal Pradesh 23310 Jammu And Kashmir 33211 Jharkhand 38012 Karnataka 9313 Kerala 10214 Madhya Pradesh 37915 Maharashtra 26616 Manipur 17817 Meghalaya 11618 Mizoram 5619 Nagaland 5220 Odisha 42220 Odisha 42221 Punjab 10622 Rajasthan 45323 Sikkim 6224 Tamilnadu 22725 Telangana 30726 Tripura 10127 Uttar Pradesh 26128 Uttarakhand 50729 West Bengal 248

Total 7845

38794

Indicators Training Area Institutions / Organizations

Project proposals and

Sanction

Planning & Project Preparation

Design and Construction of

• Central Road Research Institute (CRRI)

• Indian Academy of Highway Engineers (IAHE)

• Principal Technical Agencies (PTAs)

• State Technical agencies (STAs),

Training Matrix

Construction of

Pavements including

QC

• State Technical agencies (STAs),

• Engineering Staff College of India (ESCI)

• Administrative Staff college of India (ASCI)

• National Institute of Construction

Management and Research (NICMAR)

• Institute of Road Traffic Education (IRTE)

• Asian Institute of Transport Development (AITD)

• Rural Connectivity Training and Research

Physical

Performance/Targets

Procurement, Contract and Project Management

LSBs in progress Design and

Construction of Bridges

R&D works in progress New Technology

InitiativesCenters (RCTRC)

• National Institute of Rural Development & Pt.

Raj (NIRD&PR)

• State Institute of Rural Development (SIRDs)

• International Road Federation (IRF)

• World Road Association (WRA)

Initiatives

Rural Road Network and PMGSY roads under maintenance

Asset Management

(PBMC/CBMC/ e-

marg/GIS)

Road Safety and

Road Safety Audit

Gujarat, Haryana, Karnataka and PunjabAsset Management (PBMC/CBMC/e-marg /GIS)Road Safety and Road Safety Audit

Group 1

Categorization of states and broad training needs

Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Kerala, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana and Uttar PradeshProcurement, Contract and Project Management, Design and Construction of Bridges, New Technology Initiatives, Asset Management (PBMC/CBMC/e-

marg /GIS), Road Safety and Road Safety AuditGroup 2

Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Jharkhand, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Odisha, Sikkim, Tripura, Uttarakhand and West Bengal

Planning & Project Preparation, Design and Construction of Pavements including QC Procurement, Contract and Project Management, Design and Construction of Bridges, New Technology Initiatives,

Group 3

Additional Financing for PMGSY RRP (2018)

green, low-carbon designs and new technologies

• Climate vulnerability assessment • Climate vulnerability assessment

flood-affected areas

environmentally optimized road designs

bio-engineering

Additional Financing for PMGSY RRP (2018)

substantial climate co-benefits minimize GHG emissionsbenefits minimize GHG emissions

The transport sector of India is the third most

GHG Emitting sector. The major contribution

comes from the Road Transport Sector

Knowledge Sharing

Knowledge Components

• Knowledge Creation (KC) links with engineering and

technical workforce development to overcome theshortage, of knowledge, which could lead to a serious

future impact. For example, effective rural roadmaintenance means having enough people with themaintenance means having enough people with the

needed expertise and knowledge now and in the future tominimize costly deterioration of the infrastructure.

• Knowledge Management (KM) is an important aspect of

best practice. KM refers to how knowledge is sourced,collected, stored, and made accessible for Rural Road

personnelpersonnel• Knowledge Dissemination (KD) is the third common

component. The best practice includes comprehensivetraining programs to develop capacity delivered through a

variety of modes including, disseminating researchfindings and transferring technology.

KNOWLEDGE CREATION

• Dynamic Activity that can enhance PMGSY success and economic well

being.

• Driver of innovation• Driver of innovation

• Involves knowledge acquisition, selection, generation and sharing

• Maturation – translate experiences into knowledge

The knowledge creation through R&D must be givenample focus,

locally available marginal material

Captured

knowledge management framework used for RCTRCs

(Approach used for success of TNA effort)

Knowledge in RCTRC and facilitators

Captured Knowledge

Learnduring

RCTRC

Individuals

& Teams

Confidence for TNAUsing

Knowledge

UsingKnowledge

Learnafter

Learnbefore

Successful TNA

CLW for RCTRCs– Sharing what we know

Action

What’s"...the politics accompanying hierarchies hampers the free exchange of knowledge. People are much more open with their peers. They are much more willing to share and to listen.”

What team 1 knows

What other teams know

What’spossible?

What all teams know What team 1 knowsknow

A CLW is a meeting or workshop where people are invited from other

teams to share their experience, insights and knowledge with a team

who have requested some help.

Cross Learning (CL)– Learning before doing

CLW:

• Targets a specific challenge

• Gains assistance and insight from people outside of the team

• Identifies possible approaches and new lines of inquiry

who have requested some help.

• Identifies possible approaches and new lines of inquiry

• Promotes sharing of learning with each other; and

• Develops strong networks among people

CLW– 12 steps

1. Communicate the purpose. CLW work well when the purpose is clear and you

communicate that purpose to participants.

2. Share your CLW plans with others. Consider whether someone else has already

solved the challenge or if others have similar needs.solved the challenge or if others have similar needs.

3. Identify a facilitator for the meeting. Their role is to ensure that by managing the

process the meeting participants reach the desired outcome.

4. Schedule a date that is early enough to do something different with what you learn.

5. Invite more than the usual suspects who have a diversity of skills and experience. (4

from each team)from each team)

CLW– 12 steps continued

6. Get clear on the deliverables (usually options and insights).

7. Allow time to socialise – people share best when they know one another.

8. Allow 1 to 2 days for the CLW. Schedule time to Tell, Ask, Analyse and Feedback.8. Allow 1 to 2 days for the CLW. Schedule time to Tell, Ask, Analyse and Feedback.

9. Create an environment for sharing. Balance the time between telling and listening.

10. Participants to listen to understand the other person then think how they might

improve their own activity. At CLW everyone learns.

11. Consider who else might benefit from what you have learned and plan to share it

with them.

12. Commit to actions and keep the team updated. 12. Commit to actions and keep the team updated.

Facilitated, forward looking meetings, soon key component of project has just ended.

• What was the objective of the project?

• What were the successes? Why? How can we repeat the success?

• ‘Marks out of 10’

4113

6340

5234

4000

5000

6000

7000

LE

NG

TH

OF

RO

AD

S (

KM

s)

Construction of Rural Roads using Green

Technology

807

2634

4113

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

2012-14 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19

LE

NG

TH

OF

RO

AD

S (

KM

s)

Year

Source: Initiatives in Research and New Technologies application under

PMGSY –Dr I K Pateriya (2018)

Year

Green Technology Roads more than 21000 KMs

waste plastic

43%

Cold Mix

28%waste plastic

other technologies 43%

Nanotechnology

RCCP

2%

Cell filled concrete

2%

Geotextile

3%

other technologies

cement stabilization

Nanotechnology

RCCP

Cell filled concrete

Source: Initiatives in Research and New Technologies application under

PMGSY –Dr I K Pateriya (2018)

other technologies

17%cement stabilization

2%

Nanotechnology

3%Geotextile

Cold Mix

Studies conducted and Publications and Manuals brought

out/sponsored during the year by NRIDA

56 Studies

conducted, Publications

and Manuals brought and Manuals brought

out/sponsored during

the year by NRIDA

Strengths of PMGSY

• Focus on core network linkages regarding access to market centers

• Cluster approach enables provision of • Cluster approach enables provision of

connectivity to larger habitations• No compromise on technical rigor.

• Involvement of technical institutions as third party evaluators (as opposed to a government party evaluators (as opposed to a government

wing)• Tendering: OMMAS leads to transparency

• Optimal combination of “bottom-up and top-down”

EXPECTED REVENUE FROM SELF-SUSTAINABILITY EFFORT

S. No

States

TNA for other

states [As per

states

estimates] (INR)

(A)

Revenue from

training program

for consultants’

& Contractors`

personnel (INR)

(B)

Third party

testing

(INR)

(C)

Certificati

on

(D)

Total (A+

B+ C+ D)

(INR)

(A)(B)

(C) (D)

1 Assam 14,02,000 2,62,500 55,78,800 50,000 72,93,300

2 Chhattisgarh 29,85,000 2,62,500 55,78,800 50,000 88,76,300

3 Madhya

Pradesh56,50,000 2,62,500 55,78,800 50,000

1,15,41,30

0

4 Odisha 22,62,000 2,62,500 55,78,800 50,000 81,53,300

5 West Bengal 22,88,000 2,62,500 55,78,800 50,000 81,79,300

Note: Total Cost is being calculated for the training year 2019-20

52

Phased revenue from training of consultants`/contractors` personnel

Phase 1: 1 to 2nd year

(INR)

Phase 2: 3rd-4th year

(INR)

Phase 3: 5th-6thyears

(INR)

5,25,000 15,75,000 24,87,500

STRATEGY/ ACTION PLAN FOR BECOMING SELF

SUSTAINABLE

Strategy for Self Sustainability

Rs. in Lakhs

Revenue Expected Estimated

S.

No.Actions Planned

Revenue

generated since inception

till 31 Oct. 2019

Expected

Revenue(2019-20)

Estimated

Revenue2020-22

1 Income form MPRRDA Trainings 112.685 90.00 200.00

2Income from Other Department

Trainings32.75 20.00 50.00

3 Income from Lab Testing 5.22 3.00 20.00

53

3 Income from Lab Testing 5.22 3.00 20.00

4Income from Utilization of

Infrastructure4.49 3.50 10.00

5 Consultancy Charges - - 50.00

6 Contractors/Consultant Training - 5.00 20.00

155.14 121.50 350.00

MPRCTRC

Proposals Framed for

E-Learning

54

Application Version Latest Moodle Version Installation

Requirement Gathering Workshop with

Client on Moodle LMS

Moodle LMS configuration according to the

requirements

Moodle branding aligned as per branding

guidelines. The site would be responsive and

would be easily accessible on mobiles /

tablets

Moodle Branding - Client logo change, Color

matching as per the guideline

2 Day Training (5 Hours each day using

Ballistic Learning Powered Managed Learning Services Moodle

Features and Services of Managed Learning Services

Moodle Administration Training workshop

2 Day Training (5 Hours each day using

Google hangout / GoToMeeting / WebEx)

User Signup Process

Course enrolment process / duration etc.

Custom Course Format depending on the

course pedagogy

Creation of basic Pages - About Us, Contact

Us, FAQ Page etc.

User Dashboard Area

Messaging and Notification Engine

Badges.

Performance Tracking

Conditioanl Access / Access to particular

topics after successfully completion of topics after successfully completion of

activities

Branded Certificate as per branding

guidelines

Report Management

Roles and Permission Management

Assistance in population of 2 courses with

activities & Assessments

Client Acceptance Testing:-1. Pilot Testing &

Client Signoff

2. User Manual

3. Train the Trainer

hosting cost for 500 users with a

concurrency of 15% is INR 1,00,000

(Plus Taxes). This also includes 24*7

Server support and maintenance. This

would be default Moodle installation

with all the featuresFeatures

Any Licensing cost would be billed on actuals

The server support and maintenance would be done by Ballistic

Upkeep and Maintenance of the Server and OS in coordination with

the client's infra team

Upkeep of the Web-server, PHP and MySQL versions with security

patches as defined SLAs

Services Offered By Ballistic LearningDevelopment and Deployment of Moodle based Learning

Management System

Hosting on BL Cloud Server for 500 users

Elearning Consultancy Services

Total Effort 6 - 8 Weeks

INR 15,00,000 Plus Taxes

1 Year of Post Development support

Issue Tracker available 24/7

Site downtime monitoring

99.9% uptime guarantee (excluding for upgrades and those caused by

infrastructure)

DB Maintenance – Tuning, Archival, Purging, Backup / Restore

Total Cost for Setting up of Moodle based Learning Management

Systesm

After 1 months of Post Deployment Support

patches as defined SLAs

Metric Reporting & Monitoring

Applying security patches on the server as and when required.

INR 4,50,000 Plus Taxes

Total INR 19,50,000 Plus Taxes

7. Feature Consulting

8. Tips & Tricks and Workarounds

Annual Support Services - 1 Year (30 hours per Month)

1. Support over Phone / Email / Issue Tracker

1 Year of Post Development support

2. Priority Tickets (P1, P2, P3 Ticketing)

3. Troubleshooting, Minor Upgrades

4. Bug-fixing Support

5. Application of Security Patches

6. Usage Assistance

Way forward…

Thanks….

Everyone has a transferable commodity- knowledge.

Sharing your unique expertise and making introductions for someone creates a lasting

legacy