capacitycapacityinformal permissioninformal permissionpoderpoder

CANCAN

PRESENTPRESENT

She She cannot (can’t)cannot (can’t) solve it. solve it. (capacity)(capacity)

SarahSarah cancan solve that problem. solve that problem. (capacity)(capacity)

CanCan she really solve itshe really solve it? ? (capacity)(capacity)

Of course, you Of course, you can can . . (informal permission)(informal permission)

CanCan I turn on the TV I turn on the TV?? (informal permission)(informal permission)

COULDCOULD

podiapodia capacity in the pastcapacity in the past

PASTPAST

When I was youngerWhen I was younger I I couldcould stay up all night and not get stay up all night and not get tired.tired.

Last weekLast week Windows Windows could not could not (couldn’t)(couldn’t) start because a start because a configuration problem.configuration problem.

CouldCould he have done a better job he have done a better job yesterdayyesterday ? ?

BE ABLE TOBE ABLE TO

cancan be able to be able to

PRESENT – PAST - FUTUREPRESENT – PAST - FUTURE

ser capaz ser capaz poder poder

You You cancan do that.do that. You You are able toare able to do that. do that. You You were ablewere able toto do that. do that.

You You will be able towill be able to do that. do that.

You You couldcould do that.do that.

PRESENTPRESENT PASTPAST

FUTUREFUTURE

MAYMAY

FUTUREFUTURE

possibilitypossibility

formal permissionformal permissionpoderpoder

The explosion The explosion maymay have been caused by have been caused by a malfunction. a malfunction. (possibility)(possibility)

We'd better not interfere - she We'd better not interfere - she may may notnot like it. like it. (possibility)(possibility)

MayMay it cause a problem ? it cause a problem ? (possibility)(possibility)

- - MayMay I come in? I come in?- Yes, you - Yes, you maymay come in. come in. (formal permission)(formal permission)

MIGHTMIGHT

FUTURE - PASTFUTURE - PAST

uncertain possibilityuncertain possibilitypossibility in the pastpossibility in the past

poderiapoderiahypotheticalhypothetical possibilitypossibility

possibilitypossibility

I I thought thought he he mightmight be hungry. be hungry. (uncertain possibility)(uncertain possibility)

If you If you werewere older you older you mightmight understand. understand. (hypothetical possibility)(hypothetical possibility)

MightMight he have come if he he have come if he wantedwanted ? ? (possibility in the past)(possibility in the past)

Don't go any closer – it Don't go any closer – it might/maymight/may be be dangerous. dangerous. (possibility)(possibility)

MUSTMUST

PRESENT - FUTUREPRESENT - FUTURE

obligationobligation

strong necessitystrong necessitydeverdever

deductiondeduction

You You mustmust help them. They're relatives of yours! help them. They're relatives of yours! (obligation)(obligation)

Joan Joan mustmust pay attention to the pay attention to the class. class. (necessity)(necessity)

John's been driving all day - he John's been driving all day - he mustmust be be tired. tired. (deduction)(deduction)

MUST NOTMUST NOT

PRESENT - FUTUREPRESENT - FUTURE

prohibitionprohibitiondeverdever (negative)(negative) demanddemand

You You must notmust not smoke. smoke. (prohibition)(prohibition)

You You mustn’tmustn’t behave like that. behave like that. (demand)(demand)

You You mustn'tmustn't leave your stuff there. leave your stuff there. (demand)(demand)

You You must notmust not talk inside here. talk inside here. (prohibition)(prohibition)

HAVE TOHAVE TO

PRESENT– PAST- FUTUREPRESENT– PAST- FUTURE

must must necessitynecessity==have to have to

You You mustmust focus in the text.focus in the text.You You have tohave to focus in the text. focus in the text.

You You had tohad to focus in the text. focus in the text. (past)(past)

You You will have towill have to focus in the text. focus in the text. (future)(future)

==

PRESENT – PAST - FUTUREPRESENT – PAST - FUTURE

SHOULDSHOULDOUGHT TOOUGHT TO

PRESENT – FUTUREPRESENT – FUTURE

should should adviceadvice==ought to ought to

They They shouldshould stop writing reports.stop writing reports.

They They should not (shouldn’t)should not (shouldn’t) stop writing reports. stop writing reports.

ShouldShould they stop writing reports ?they stop writing reports ?

They They ought toought to consider the possibility. consider the possibility. They They ought not toought not to consider the possibility. consider the possibility. OughtOught they they toto consider the possibility ?consider the possibility ?

Complete with the correct form of Complete with the correct form of "can""can" and and "may“"may“ . .  1.She ________speak four languages. 1.She ________speak four languages. (capacity)(capacity)

2.______I come in, Mr. president? 2.______I come in, Mr. president? (formal permission)(formal permission)

3._______ I press that key, teacher? 3._______ I press that key, teacher? (informal permission)(informal permission)

4.It_______happen to everyone. 4.It_______happen to everyone. (possibility)(possibility)

5.He________be telling the truth. 5.He________be telling the truth. (possibility)(possibility)

cancanMayMayCanCanmaymaymaymay

6.He _______be telling lies, too. 6.He _______be telling lies, too. (possibility)(possibility)7. _______you read that sign from this distance? 7. _______you read that sign from this distance? (capacity)(capacity)8.The students_______do it without your help Peter. 8.The students_______do it without your help Peter. (capacity)(capacity)9.____I use your computer for a moment, please ? 9.____I use your computer for a moment, please ? (informal permission)(informal permission)10.You_______try once more. 10.You_______try once more. (possibility)(possibility)

maymayCanCan

cancanCanCan

maymay

Complete the sentences using the correct form Complete the sentences using the correct form of of havehave toto..

  1.We must call someone to help.1.We must call someone to help. We________call someone to help. We________call someone to help. (past)(past)2.They must wait here for a while.2.They must wait here for a while. They ___________wait here for a while. They ___________wait here for a while. (future)(future)3.She must make a decision as soon as possible.3.She must make a decision as soon as possible. She___________make a decision as soon as She___________make a decision as soon as possible. possible. (future)(future)4.You must follow the rules, man.4.You must follow the rules, man. You _________follow the rules, man.You _________follow the rules, man. (present)(present)

had tohad to

will have towill have to

will have towill have to

have tohave to

5.He must send that e-mail message now.5.He must send that e-mail message now. He_________send that e-mail message now. He_________send that e-mail message now. (present)(present)6.We must handle this situation immediately.6.We must handle this situation immediately. We____________handle this situation We____________handle this situation immediately. immediately. (future)(future)7.They must call the police. They are at risk! 7.They must call the police. They are at risk! They ________call the police. They were at risk!They ________call the police. They were at risk!(past)(past)8.He must hurry otherwise he will be caught!8.He must hurry otherwise he will be caught! He ________hurry otherwise he will be caught! He ________hurry otherwise he will be caught! (present)(present)

has tohas to

will have towill have to

had tohad to

has tohas to

Fill the blanks using Fill the blanks using "should""should" or or "ought""ought" according according to the sentence.to the sentence.  1.You _______talk to the dentist.1.You _______talk to the dentist.2._________they 2._________they toto provide the equipment? provide the equipment?3.He ________3.He ________toto take those remedies. take those remedies.4. 4. Every American________know that, forty years ago, it was against Every American________know that, forty years ago, it was against the law in many states for a black person to sit in the front of a busthe law in many states for a black person to sit in the front of a bus. . 5.The counselor________have helped that poor guy.5.The counselor________have helped that poor guy.6.They__________6.They__________toto do their best in order to win the prize. do their best in order to win the prize.7.You________ 7.You________ toto be kinder to him. be kinder to him. 8. 8. Keep in mind that this price _______ Keep in mind that this price _______ toto be very, very low. be very, very low.

shouldshouldOughtOught

should should

shouldshouldought ought ought ought

ought ought

oughtought

(FMU)(FMU) - You__________play tennis - You__________play tennis better some years ago.better some years ago.

a)cana)canb)hadb)hadc)oughtc)oughtd)couldd)coulde)mighte)might

Test 1Test 1

(FMU)(FMU) - They___________do this - They___________do this tomorrow.tomorrow.

a)is able toa)is able tob)can tob)can toc)will be able toc)will be able tod)would be abled)would be ablee)could toe)could to

Test 2Test 2

(Makenzie)(Makenzie) - In the sentence, "You - In the sentence, "You may be wrong, but you may be may be wrong, but you may be right." right." MAY MAY means:means:

a) possibilitya) possibilityb) permissionb) permissionc) abilityc) abilityd) deductiond) deductione) obligatione) obligation

Test Test 33

(FECAP)(FECAP) - “I don’t know what these words - “I don’t know what these words mean. I should have brought my mean. I should have brought my dictionary”. dictionary”. ““shouldshould”” can be replaced can be replaced (substituído) by____(substituído) by____

a)maya)mayb)mustb)mustc)couldc)couldd)ought tod)ought toe)woulde)would

Test 4Test 4

(Unesp)(Unesp) - Indique a sentença que expressa - Indique a sentença que expressa um conselho.um conselho.

a) When depressed, teens always ask for a) When depressed, teens always ask for adult guidance.adult guidance.b) Teens see more of what life has to offer b) Teens see more of what life has to offer and then they become depressed.and then they become depressed.c) Adolescents who never make new c) Adolescents who never make new friends become depressed.friends become depressed.d) Adolescents don't try to make new d) Adolescents don't try to make new friends when they feel depressed.friends when they feel depressed.e) When teens become depressed, they e) When teens become depressed, they should try to ask an adult for help.should try to ask an adult for help.

Test 5Test 5

Test 6Test 6

(Unesp)(Unesp) - Assinale a alternativa correta: - Assinale a alternativa correta:

Doctors and dentists Doctors and dentists should should always ______ with their training.always ______ with their training.

a) continueda) continuedb) continueb) continuec) continuingc) continuingd) will continuedd) will continuede) have continuee) have continue

Test 7Test 7

(Unirio)(Unirio) - Assinale a alternativa correta: - Assinale a alternativa correta:

I'm sorry the train was late and I .......... arrive earlierI'm sorry the train was late and I .......... arrive earlier

a) couldn'ta) couldn'tb) ought notb) ought notc) don'tc) don'td) mustn'td) mustn'te) wouldn'te) wouldn't

Test 8Test 8

(Mackenzie)(Mackenzie) - Indicate the - Indicate the alternative that best alternative that best completes the following completes the following sentence.sentence.

"Look how wet the ground is! It "Look how wet the ground is! It _________ last night._________ last night.

a) might be sunnya) might be sunnyb) must have rainedb) must have rainedc) should have been warmc) should have been warmd) may be snowingd) may be snowinge) ought to drye) ought to dry

Test 9Test 9

(Unesp)(Unesp) - Universities abroad - Universities abroad maymay ________ a more recent result when the ________ a more recent result when the IELTS was taken a long time ago.IELTS was taken a long time ago.

a) requiresa) requiresb) requireb) requirec) to requirec) to required) requiringd) requiringe) requirede) required

Test 10Test 10

(PucCamp)(PucCamp) - Assinale a letra correspondente à alternativa - Assinale a letra correspondente à alternativa que preenche corretamente as lacunas da frase que preenche corretamente as lacunas da frase apresentada.apresentada.

Janet: Look, our boat is sinking!Janet: Look, our boat is sinking!Peter: Oh, dear! Peter: Oh, dear! CanCan you swim? you swim?Janet: Yes, but we won't Janet: Yes, but we won't have tohave to, there's a life boat on board., there's a life boat on board.

In the above dialogue, the verbs "CAN" and "HAVE TO" express In the above dialogue, the verbs "CAN" and "HAVE TO" express respectively ....... and ........ .respectively ....... and ........ .

a) ability - obligationa) ability - obligationb) permission - prohibitionb) permission - prohibitionc) possibility - prohibitionc) possibility - prohibitiond) permission - possibilityd) permission - possibilitye) ability - necessitye) ability - necessity