cape-2014-book-of-abstracts

CAPE-2014 10 – 11 October

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Message from Convenor Dear all As the convenor, I take privilege in welcoming you all to the National Conference on Advances in Process Engineering (CAPE-2014), an annual event of IIChE Student chapter at SASTRA University. The Conference covers a wide spectrum of topics pertaining to advances in process engineering. Our constant endeavour is to provide a platform for effective interaction among academicians, industrialists and students associated with Chemical Engineering. The Conference will be instrumental in promoting the knowledge of the most recent advances in process engineering and translating the earned knowledge to specific engineering applications. Renowned headline speakers drawn from academia and industry, Panel discussion and Paper Presentation events will help in exploring the themes of the conference. These include 3 Oral and Poster sessions. A total of 50 abstracts were received from 18 institutions. Further, Scilab workshop aims at giving basic insights into programming skills and helps in improving the problem solving skills among graduating young engineers. I wish to acknowledge the contribution made by our sponsors which served as an impetus to drive the conglomeration. On behalf of CAPE-2014 organizing team, I wish you a pleasant and productive stay at SASTRA University. I look forward to your active participation and it is with great pleasure I welcome you once again. Best Wishes Dr. R. Kumaresan Associate Dean, Chemical Engineering School of Chemical and Biotechnology SASTRA University


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SASTRA UNIVERSITY A sprawling campus housing a built-up area of over 30,00,000 square feet and a vibrant population of over 10,000 students and over 700 teaching faculty have made SASTRA a landmark in the educational map of India. Since its inception SASTRA has achieved national standing in terms of academic performance, co-curricular and extra-curricular activities and also in its growth and commitment to social service. SASTRA has an ethos of its own, different from others; SASTRA presents a holistic approach to personal and professional growth. SASTRA moulds its students in such a way that their endeavours and interests transcend traditional boundaries.

SCHOOL OF CHEMICAL & BIOTECHNOLOGY The Department of Chemical Engineering was introduced in 1994. Later in 2002, the Departments of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Bioinformatics were added and later evolved as the School of Chemical and Biotechnology in 2003. The school conducts cutting edge research in synthesis and characterization of nanomaterial’s for applications in batteries & fuel cells and for process intensification and thermal management applications and lot more. The main aim of the school is to educate, train and develop cutting edge bio-specialists capable of discovery, design and delivery of solutions to improve the quality of human life and environment. Also to educate, train and develop competent chemical engineers with their skills adequately honed to succeed in the chemical industry. The school has distinguished faculty members with rich experience in academia/industry/research. Interaction of students with the faculty is encouraged and is reflected in the high degree of success of the students in interviews, competitive examinations & technical presentations. The school has won appreciation for its consultancy activities. This has served as a very good platform for effective industry-institute interaction.

INDIAN INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS (IIChE) Indian Institute Of Chemical Engineers is a confluence of streams of professionals from academia, research institute and industry. It provides them the appropriate forum for joint endeavours, hand-in-hand, to work for human being through application of chemical engineering and allied sciences. The Institute will carve a global niche in the field of Chemical Engineering as an institution par excellence and devise mechanisms for innovation and the logical culmination of path-breaking ideas. The Institute will catalyse an alliance between the government, industry, academia & research to enthuse &


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Invigorate the young and experienced. The Institute will continuously strive for the progress and well-being of the fraternity, the profession of chemical engineering, a clean environment and the overall betterment of our society. The Student Chapter of IIChE at SASTRA University was inaugurated during January 2011. It has conducted two National symposiums, a National Conference (CAPE-2013), guest lectures, debates and events on industrial defined problems.

About Conference National Conference on Advances in Process Engineering (CAPE-2014) is the annual event of the SASTRA University student chapter of the Indian Institute of Chemical Engineers (IIChE). The objective of this conference is to provide an interdisciplinary forum for researchers and engineers to share and discuss their ideas on the emerging issues in process engineering. The conference focuses on all aspects of process engineering such as process development, manufacturing, and product development. The conference aims to promulgate the knowledge of the most recent advances in understanding the fundamentals and in translating the earned knowledge to specific engineering applications. The conference provides an amicable platform for fruitful interaction amongst young students, research scholars, practising engineers, academicians and industry delegates through oral and poster presentations. Guest lecturers from eminent scholars of repute, drawn from academia and industry, will serve as an impetus to steer and drive the conglomeration towards knowledge sharing.


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Themes of CAPE-2014

� Bioprocess Technology and Fermentation Technology � Clean Fuel Technology � Computational Fluid Dynamics � Green Processes � Hydrogen Storage � Microfluidics and Microreaction Technology � Novel Materials for Energy and Catalysis � Paints and Coatings � Pollution Abatement � Process Intensification � Process Modeling, Simulation and Optimization � Reaction Engineering and Kinetics � Refinery Processes � Transport Phenomena � Wastewater and Effluent Treatment


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Conference Committee

Convenor

Dr. R. Kumaresan

Associate Dean

Chemical Engineering

School of Chemical and Biotechnology (SCBT)

SASTRA University

Faculty Advisors

Dr. K.S. Rajan, Associate Dean - Research, SCBT

Dr. V. Ponnusami, Professor, Chemical Engineering, SCBT

Student Mentor

Dr. P. R. Naren, Senior Assistant Professor, SCBT


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IIChE Council Members (2014-2015)

Chairperson Maruthi Srivatsan V. M.

Vice Chairperson(Male) Ganapathy G.

Vice Chairperson(Female)

Rajitha C. H.

Secretary Harish Krishna V.

Treasurer Swetha N.

Joint Secretary Balamurugan D.

Joint Treasurer Raghavi Krishnan

Executive Members

Anantha Krishnan R. Arvind Y. K. Ciji Sara Mathews Janaka Sudha V. Madhu Preetha M. Neelesh Chandran M. Poduri Manoj Krishna Raghuraman K. Venkatakrishnan B. Yamini C. P.


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National Conference on Advances in Process Engineering

CAPE – 2014 10th - 11th October 2014

Program Schedule

DAY 1: 10th OCTOBER 2014 (Friday) Time Session Speaker

07.00 - 10.30 hr REGISTRATION

JVC Entrance

09.00 - 10.20 hr Inaugural Session JVC Auditorium

09.00 - 09.30 hr INAUGURAL FUNCTION

09.30 - 10.20 hr Plenary Lecture

“Trends in Process Control” Dr. M. Chidambaram

Professor, Chemical Engineering, IIT-Madras

10.20 - 10.40 hr HIGH TEA

10:40 - 12:40 hr Invited Lectures JVC Auditorium

10.40 - 11.30 hr IL – 1

“Process Modeling, Optimization & Pollution Abatement in Sugar Industries”

Shri. M. Prakash GM -Works & Head - Distillery Operations, E.I.D. PARRY

11.30 - 11.50 hr

Title Sponsor - TAFE & IOC

11.50 - 12.40 hr IL – 2 “Current Challenges and Options in Petroleum Refining Industry”

Shri. B. Panneer Selvam Deputy GM, CBR -Operations, CPCL

12.40 - 14.00 hr LUNCH

14.00 – 15.15 hr

Panel Discussion: “Opportunities after B.Tech – Higher studies & Core placements” Moderator: Dr. K. S. Rajan

Panel Members: Shri. P. Marimuthu, Shri. B. Panneer Selvam, Shri. M. Prakash & Dr. P. M. Satya Sai

15.15 - 15.45 hr TEA

15.45 - 17.00 hr Parallel Oral Sessions

Venue: JNC 202 Session I

Venue: JNC 203 Session II

Venue: JNC 204 Session III

17.00 - 17.15 hr HIGH TEA

17.15 - 18.30 hr Poster Presentation

JVC Entrance END OF DAY 1


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DAY 2: 11th OCTOBER 2014 (Saturday) Time Session Speaker

08:00 – 09:00 hr On-Spot Registration for Scilab Workshop

JVC Entrance

09:00 – 12:30 hr SCILAB Workshop

JVC Auditorium

09.00 – 11.00 hr Scilab Workshop Session I

11.00 – 11.20 hr HIGH TEA

11.20 - 12.30 hr Scilab Workshop Session II

12.30 - 14.00 hr LUNCH

14.00 - 14.50 hr IL – 3 “Role of Chemical Engineers in Nuclear Power Plant”

Dr. P. M. Satya Sai Professor, HBNI & DGM, KNRPC, BARC

14.50 – 15.40 hr IL – 4 “Cement: Technology, Quality and Latest Trends”

Shri. S. Jaykumar Deputy GM-Operation, Chettinad Cement

15.40 – 16.00 hr HIGH TEA

16.00 - 17.30 hr

Valedictory Function JVC Auditorium

Valedictory Address “Paper Making - Adding Value to Wood”

Dr. P. Marimuthu Deputy GM (R&D and QC) Seshasayee Papers and Boards Ltd.

17.30 - 18.30 hr Issue of Participation Certificates

JVC Entrance

CLOSURE OF CONFERENCE CONGLOMERATION


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List of Invited Guest Lectures

Speaker Topic Page No.

Dr. M. Chidambaram Trends in Process Control 02

Mr. M. Prakash Process Modeling, Optimization & Pollution

Abatement in Sugar Industry Complex 03

Mr. B. Panneer Selvam

Current Challenges and Options in Petroleum

Refining Industry 04

Mr. S. Jaykumar

Cement: Technology, Quality and Latest Trends 05

Dr. P. Marimuthu Paper Making - Adding Value to Wood 06


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List of Oral Presentations

Abstract ID Corresponding Author

Title Page No.

ABS001 Vignesh C M

Hydrogen Fuelled Engine (Energy & Environment)

08

ABS002 Krishna Mohan Singh

Jet Engines

09

ABS004 Duraimurugan M D

Novel Method of Increasing the Strength of Fly Ash Bricks by E-wastes

10

ABS007 Pratik Prakash Gupta

Continuously Variable Transmission Using Hydraulic Power

11

ABS008 Elilarasan M

Storage of Hydrogen as Metal Hydrides

12

ABS009 Eben Hawkins A

Antifungal Coating for Packaging of Grapes

13

ABS018 Aparna Vijayan

Low Cost Ceramic Membrane: A Novel Method for Future Filtration

14

ABS026 Prabodh S

Multifold Energizer

15

ABS029 Sujitha P

Advanced Treatment of Textile Waste Water Reuse Using Membrane Bioreactor

16

ABS035 Chandramouli G

Extraction of Nitric Acid with Tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) in Batch and Minichannel

17

ABS039 Kameshwar R

Application of Sargassumwightii, A Marine Algae in Waste Water Treatment

18

ABS042 Naga Mani Raju M

Hydrogen Storage in Carbon Nanotubes

19

ABS045 Kumararaja P

Adsorptive Removal of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solutions by starch-g-poly (acrylic acid)/Sodium Bentonite Composite

20

ABS048 Koushik Balaji Combined Production of Biodiesel and Bioethanol from Algal Biomass – A Cogeneration Approach

21


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List of Poster Presentations Abstract

ID Corresponding

Author Title Page No.

ABS005 Nasima Sulthana Z Solar Photo Catalytic Waste Water Treatment 24

ABS015 Dheenadhayalan M Microbial Fuel Cell: A New Stride in Wastewater Treatment

25

ABS021 Srinidy Ravichandran

Polypropylene Pipeline Coating

26

ABS024 Gopinath K Pollution Abatement 27

ABS025 Grande Prasanna Lakshmi

Refining Process

28

ABS028 Jayasri S Hydrogen Storage 29

ABS030 Aneesh Krishnan Fluid Catalytic Cracking 30

ABS031 Jayaprabha Cultivating nanosized medicines to aim on hypercapnia (high blood pressure) diminution

31

ABS032 Vignesh S

Nano-materials for Storage of Solid State Hydrogen

32

ABS033 Senthil Kumar P Adsorption of Copper Ions onto the Surface Modified Strychnos potatorum Seeds as a New Low Cost Adsorbent

33

ABS038 Yamini C P Review on Room Temperature Storage of Hydrogen in Super Activated Carban Materials

34

ABS040 Albar A Biocolours 35

ABS043 Abhijith Yenduri

Waste Water Treatment by Membranes

36

ABS044 Vamsi Krishna V

Biofuel as Renewable Energy Resource

37

ABS047 Ramachandran Jyotsna

Ultrasound Assisted Direct Transesterification of Algae for Biodiesel Production: Analysis of Emission Characteristics

38

ABS049 Sunithra A V R Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries 39

ABS050 Sai Krishna Chaitanya Sastry

Synthesis of Silver Nano-particles Using Facile Sunlight

40


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GUEST LECTURES


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PL

Trends in Process Control

Chidambaram M

Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, IIT-Madras

Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract The objectives of process control along with the recent methods of designing PI/PID controllers for SISO (single input single output) systems are reviewed. The methods of identifying suitable transfer function models by the open loop reaction methods, closed loop reaction methods, relay auto tuning methods are discussed. The recently reported methods of designing decentralised and centralised PI controllers for MIMO (multi input multi output) systems are analysed. Simulation examples are provided for both the SISO and MIMO systems.


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IL-01

Process Modeling, Optimization & Pollution Abatement in Sugar

Industry Complex

Prakash M

General Manager - Works & HEAD - DISTILLERY OPERATIONS

E.I.D. PARRY (INDIA) LIMITED

Distillery Unit | Udaikulam Village| Koothandan P.O Sivaganga T.K & Dist. – 630561


Abstract Sugarcane is a crop which generates Sugar as main product & lot of by products like Bagasse, Molasses, Pressmud and water. In ancient days people used to concentrate on sugar manufacturing and ignore the byproducts. In recent days it is vice versa and the value addition & revenue is from byproducts. In recent days people started to focus on Energy conservation, Go green systems with latest technologies on process optimization so as to run the industry efficiently. On all these the most important fact is how to minimize pollution and implement the 3R concept. The industry is classified as Red category under pollution control board where as now a days it has started its journey towards green category. More focus is given to 3R and green house gas emissions. The interesting fact is how to make value addition in 3R which also generates revenue.


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IL-02

Current Challenges and Options in Petroleum Refining Industry

Panneer Selvam B

Deputy General Manager (CBR -OPERATIONS), CPCL, Cauvery Basin Refinery,

Panangudi, Nagappattinam


Abstract

Petroleum refining is a unique and critical link in the petroleum supply chain, from the wellhead to the consumer end. The other links add value to petroleum mainly by moving and storing it (e.g., lifting crude oil to the surface; moving crude oil from oil fields to storage facilities and then to refineries; moving refined products from refinery to terminals and end-use locations, etc.). Refining adds value by converting crude oil (which in itself has little end-use value) into a range of refined products, including transportation fuels. The primary economic objective in refining is to maximize the value added in converting crude oil into finished products. Petroleum refining also involves treating the raw products by a variety of finishing processes to yield marketable products. A refinery is an integrated group of manufacturing plants that vary in number according to the variety of products produced; it must be flexible and able to change operations as needed. Refinery processes must be selected to produce products according to demand. This presentation deals with the processes used to refine petroleum. Petroleum refineries are large, capital-intensive manufacturing facilities with extremely complex processing schemes. They convert crude oils and other input streams into dozens of refined (co-)products, including: ♦Liquified petroleum gases (LPG) ♦ Gasoline ♦ Jet fuel ♦Kerosene (for lighting and heating) ♦ Diesel fuel

♦ Petrochemical feedstocks ♦ Lubricating oils and waxes ♦ Naphtha ♦Fuel oil (for power generation, marine fuel, industrial and district heating) ♦ Asphalt (for paving and roofing uses).

This presentation also deals with current challenges and options in petroleum refining industry. Indian Petroleum industry considers various options available to maximize the gross refining margin and implement various measures to overcome environmental challenges and changing fuel quality requirements. This presentation outlines these remedial measures that are being implemented in the industry.


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IL-04

Cement: Technology, Quality and Latest Trends

Jaykumar S

Deputy General Manager (Operations), Chettinad Cements


Abstract Cement is an essential component of infrastructure development. It is also the most important input of construction industry, mainly in case of the government’s infrastructure and housing programs, which are necessary for the country’s socio-economic growth and development. Due to increasing population, various constructional activities are increasing day by day. As a result the market demand of cement is also increasing continuously but most of those plants are up to the mark technologically. They are very efficient and eco-friendly and have very high production speed. To reduce energy consumption and improve operational efficiency, the whole automation process is done using programmable logic controller (PLC) which has number of unique advantages like speed, reliability, less maintenance cost and re programmability. The cement sub-sector consumes approximately 12-15% of the total industrial energy use. Therefore, this sub-sector releases CO2 emissions to the atmosphere as a result of burning fossil fuels to produce energy needed for the cement manufacturing process. The cement industry contributes about 7% of the total worldwide CO2 emissions. Different techniques to reduce CO2 emissions include capturing and storing CO2 emissions, reducing clinker/cement ratio by replacing clinker with different additives and using alternative fuels instead of fossil fuels. Apart from these techniques, various energy savings measures in cement industries are expected to reduce indirect emissions released to the atmosphere.


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VL

Paper Making - Adding Value to Wood

Marimuthu P

AGM (R&D and Q.C) Seshasayee Papers and Boards Ltd


Abstract Paper is a noble product, Spreads Literacy and Knowledge, Extensively used as a News carrier, packing a variety of items and in Hygiene. It is bio degradable, environmental friendly and ecologically sustainable. Paper is index of civilization, culture and education levels in society. In a developed country, level of development is measured with annual/per-capita consumption of paper per head. Paper is its name derived from “PAPYRUS” also known as “Talapatras”. They are best source to store information before computers evolved. We add value to wood by processing and producing cultured paper in eco-friendly and economic ways. Papermaking Process: Pulp and paper are manufactured from raw materials containing cellulose fibers, generally wood, recycled paper, and agricultural residues. In developing countries, about 60% of cellulose fibers originate from non-wood raw materials such as bagasse, straw etc. The main steps in pulp and paper manufacturing are: Raw material preparation and handling, Pulp manufacturing, Pulp Washing and Screening, Chemical recovery, Bleaching, Stock Preparation, and Papermaking. Pulpwood normally arrives at the paper mill as wood logs made to small pieces called chips. Then chemical pulping is carried out with Chemical (Sodium Hydroxide and Sodium sulphide mixture) in a pressurized vessel using Steam. During this chemical pulping process, lignin, the natural 'gum' that holds the wood fibers together, is dissolved, freeing the wood fibers. The fiber obtained in this way is quite clean and undamaged. Untreated wood pulp has a brown or brownish colour and has to be bleached before it can be used to make white papers. Pulp can be bleached Elemental Chlorine Free (ECF) process with chlorine compounds like chlorine di oxide, as well as with oxygen or hydrogen peroxide taking care of reducing the pollutants. The bleached pulp is now refined to give it the exact properties required for the particular type of paper. Various chemicals are added depending on the required paper properties such as fillers, such as clay and calcium carbonate are added for opacity, brightness and smoothness; dyes are added for shade control; optical brighteners are added for whiteness and sizing agents are added to control liquid penetration. The primary function of the paper machine is to create a uniform web of paper. The paper machine has a continuous forming wire moving at high speed. When it leaves the head box, the slurry is only about 1% fiber and 99% water. This pulp furnish is now rapidly dewatered along the length of the moving wire and also through sequence of drainage process such as presses, drying cylinders and calendaring to maintain properties of output product. Depending on its intended end-use, the paper may need further treatment such as a surface coating with starch in a size press / coating. Finally, at the end of the machine, the paper is wound into a large reel followed by finishing activities.

Keywords: Wood based raw materials, Pulping Process, Bleaching Process, Paper Making, Converting to sheets, note books.


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ORAL PRESENTATIONS


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ABS001

Hydrogen Fuelled Engine (Energy & Environment)

Vignesh C M*, Swetha Usha S

Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract

Since the start of this millennium we have been using petrol & petroleum products as fuel. So from now moving into the next generation let us think of using water as fuel. Water in the sense we can even use sea water by distilling it. Our process involves the separation of hydrogen & oxygen from water. We do this by electrolysis in which current is passed through water with the help of two electrodes zinc & copper. Here zinc acts as cathode & copper acts as anode. Hydrogen gas is evolved at zinc electrode & oxygen at copper electrode. This hydrogen is now sent into the engine where the combustion takes place similar to that of SI engines only with a difference that combustion takes place with the help of hydrogen instead of petrol. Also the calorific value of hydrogen is 141790 kJ/kg & that of petrol is 48000kJ/kg, so on burning hydrogen we get huge amount of energy which can be used to run the vehicle. The exhaust that we get during the combustion of hydrogen is water whereas we get SOX & NOX during the combustion of petrol which is the major cause of pollution. The water which we use contains salts of various amounts, so sedimentation occurs & to avoid this distilled water can be used. Distilled water does not conduct electricity so some amount of NaCl is to be added in it. Petrol bunks can be replaced with water bunks where we will be getting distilled water. Thus water has now become a fuel which will be more effective than petrol & at the same time does not pollute the environment as the exhaust is water.


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ABS002

Jet Engines

Krishna Mohan Singh

Department of Aerospace Engineering, SRM University, Tamil Nadu, India

Corresponding author:[email protected]

Abstract

Jet engines are the one of the engines used in aeroplanes or aircrafts. In starting, jet engines were of high weights and that produces low thrust. Nowadays various types of jet engines are available. The jet engines can be made more efficient by using ceramic composite materials that weighs far less than metal alloys that they will replace. The major advantage of this type of jet engine is that they can be operated for higher temperature, nearly 1400K in combustion chamber. This engine will reduce 15% of fuel that was consumed earlier and significantly reduces carbon emission from the engine. This engine can save nearly $1 million per year per aeroplane. There are two main types of jet engines for aviation: low bypass turbofan (consider to be turbojet) and high bypass ratio turbofan. Both the engines are working well presently, but their fuel consumption could be reduced and thrust could be increased. For this an engine is taken in which high pressure core exhaust and the low pressure bypass stream of a convectional turbofan are joined by a third outer flow path that can be opened and closed in response to flight conditions. For take-off ,the third stream is closed off to reduce the bypass ratio this will send more airflow to high pressure core to increase thrust and during cruise conditions the third bypass system is opened to increase bypass ratio and reduce the fuel consumption it will reduce nearly25% of fuel consumption.


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ABS004 Novel Method of Increasing the Strength of Fly Ash Bricks by E-wastes

Duraimurugan M D *, Boobalan T, Hatham Ali A

Department of Chemical Engineering, Mohamed Sathak Engineering College, Kilakarai-623 806

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract

E-wastes are the one of the important wastes found in many countries. Utilization of waste materials such as e- waste in the fly ash bricks can not only increase the compressible strength but also protecting the environment from possible polluting problems due to the E wastes thus making it to be more efficient. This project aims to improve the strength of the fly ash bricks with respect to using the E-wastes in the efficiency manner. Also suggestions have been made in all aspects with the studies made during the experiments. Objective

1) To mix the e -waste during the preparation of fly ash brick. 2) E-waste acts as admixture in the brick which is responsible to increase the

strength of the fly ash brick.

Methodology

1) Grinding, 2) Sieving, 3) Mixing, 4) Molding, 5) Curing and 6) Compression Testing.

Outcome of the work

The e-waste contaminates air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution and environmental imbalance. Every year tons and tons of e-waste are produced and discarded in open places it many disadvantage to the environment. Outcome of the work are increasing the compressive strength and other desired properties and eliminating the threat of e-waste pollution. Keywords: compressible strength, E-wastes, fly ash brick, hardness



ABS007

Continuously Variable Transmission Using Hydraulic Power

Pratik Prakash Gupta*, Siddharth Kumar Singh Vel Tech Dr. RR & Dr. SR Technical University Avadi, Chennai

*Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract In the present scenario, Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) drive has gained more popularity than manual transmission. Though there are many types of CVT being used, the area of surface contact is found to be more in most of the cases which leads to frictional losses. We in this project have thrown light upon this negative aspect of CVTs currently being used. This concept greatly reduces the difference in speeds (rpm) between the engine shaft and the propeller shaft. The new design of CVT has been developed using four bar mechanism. In this design, the engine crank shaft is connected to the propeller shaft using four bar linkage. The speed variation in four bar linkage is effected by means of 8051 microcontroller. The model of CVT has been simulated using Pro/E .The velocity and acceleration diagram was developed and a detailed analysis of the model has been carried out using ANSYS. Then the result is analysed and optimization of the design is done.

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ABS008


Department of Chemical Engineering, Anjalai Ammal Mahalingam Engineering College, Kovilvenni,

*Corresponding

Abstract

Hydrogen has high calorific value and is the lightest gas that under standard conditions of pressure. A volume of around 11m1kg of hydrogen. Hence to store and transport hydrogen efficiently, this volume must be significantly reduced. In liquid form it can be storeboils around 20.268 K. The solution to these difficulties is storage of hydrogen in hydride form in which an alloy can absorb and hold large amounts of hydrogen by bonding with it and forming metal hydrides. This reaenergy to operate. Metal hydrides such as MgHbe used to store hydrogen, often reversibly. At temperature around 393K hydrides release hydrogen. To redoped with activators. Addition of Titanium based compounds such as Ticldecomposition temperature of the hydride. Hence energy cost is considerably reduced. Only few alloys can be used for release hydrogen readily at moderate pressure and temperature and must be stable to maintain its reactivity and capacity over thousands of cycles. The main advantage of this method is that it is less expensOther methods of Hydrogen storage includes storage as gaseous state (Compressed hydrogen), cryo-compressed hydrogen and Carbonite substances etc. Keywords: metal hydride, exothermic, dissociatio

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SASTRA University


Elilarasan M *, Revathy D


Thiruvarur -614 403


Hydrogen has high calorific value and is the lightest gas that occupies substantial volume under standard conditions of pressure. A volume of around 11m3 is needed to store just 1kg of hydrogen. Hence to store and transport hydrogen efficiently, this volume must be significantly reduced. In liquid form it can be stored only under cryogenic conditions as it boils around 20.268 K. The solution to these difficulties is storage of hydrogen in hydride form in which an alloy can absorb and hold large amounts of hydrogen by bonding with it and forming metal hydrides. This reaction is exothermic and requires a least amount of energy to operate. Metal hydrides such as MgH2, NaAlH4, LiAlH 4, LiH and LaNibe used to store hydrogen, often reversibly. At temperature around 393K hydrides release hydrogen. To reduce the dissociation temperature the hydrides can be doped with activators. Addition of Titanium based compounds such as Ticldecomposition temperature of the hydride. Hence energy cost is considerably reduced. Only few alloys can be used for hydrogen storage because the alloy must react and release hydrogen readily at moderate pressure and temperature and must be stable to maintain its reactivity and capacity over thousands of cycles. The main advantage of this method is that it is less expensive than others and disadvantage is they are heavier ones. Other methods of Hydrogen storage includes storage as gaseous state (Compressed

compressed hydrogen and Carbonite substances etc.

: metal hydride, exothermic, dissociation temperature, activators


SASTRA University


occupies substantial volume is needed to store just

1kg of hydrogen. Hence to store and transport hydrogen efficiently, this volume must be d only under cryogenic conditions as it

boils around 20.268 K. The solution to these difficulties is storage of hydrogen in hydride form in which an alloy can absorb and hold large amounts of hydrogen by bonding with it

ction is exothermic and requires a least amount of , LiH and LaNi5H6 can

be used to store hydrogen, often reversibly. At temperature around 393K - 473K the metal duce the dissociation temperature the hydrides can be

doped with activators. Addition of Titanium based compounds such as Ticl3 lowers the decomposition temperature of the hydride. Hence energy cost is considerably reduced.

hydrogen storage because the alloy must react and release hydrogen readily at moderate pressure and temperature and must be stable to maintain its reactivity and capacity over thousands of cycles. The main advantage of this

ive than others and disadvantage is they are heavier ones. Other methods of Hydrogen storage includes storage as gaseous state (Compressed



ABS009

Antifungal Coating for Packaging of Grapes

Eben Hawkins A* and Kanchana M

Printing and Packaging Department, College of Engineering, Anna University, Chennai-600 025.

*Corresponding Author: [email protected]

Abstract

Grapes are highly perishable and they have to be handled with care while packing and storage to extend their shelflife. BotrytisCinerea, Pers, Ciadosporium Herbarum, Alternaria, Powdery mildew are the commonly found fungi in grapes. Generally synthetic fungicides are used to control post harvest losses. During transportation, the grapes are packed in cartons along with sulphur releasing pads to prevent the growth of micro-organisms. But excessive exposure to sulphur di oxide leads to SO2 injury in the fruits which is not accepted in many countries. This research work intends to use Chitosan as an antimicrobial coating on LDPE films to replace sulphur releasing pads. Chitosan is mixed with acetic acid and ethyl alcohol in a magnetic stirrer to prepare the coating solution. Food grade LDPE films are treated with chromic acid prior to coating and the chitosan coating solution is coated on LDPE using RK Print Coater. The coated film was tested for mechanical, barrier and antimicrobial properties. The film showed improved antimicrobial and mechanical properties compared to the LDPE film. Keywords: Botrytis Cinerea, post harvest losses, SO2 injury chitosan coating.



ABS018

Low Cost Ceramic Membrane: A Novel Method for Future Filtration

Aparna Vijayan *, Umapriya R, Meena S

Chemical Engineering, Mohamed Sathak Engineering College, Kilakarai, Ramanatahpuram, Tamilnadu. *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract

For the past three decades there are researches undergoing in the preparation to develop such substitutes, the perfect ceramic membrane types for a better filtration process in industries. At present the researches are on focus to sort up the most appropriate echo friendly technique that could substitute the present separation stereotypic aids with minimum expenditure on economy and having less environmental implications. This is a study purely based on developing a ceramic membrane for the purpose of microfiltration in the required areas with the raw materials of low cost. It deals with the preparation, the field of application and the favourable properties concerned. An analysis on the membrane porosity of the novel output is done and its efficiency in substituting the conventional types is claimed high doing a comparison and a multi dimensional study on the properties. The adhesion properties of the base matrix are deeply observed and the setbacks are found out for which an idea is presented to eradicate the implications. A comparison with the so called all ceramic membrane types existing is done and their properties of diffusion, permeability, selectivity, response and constitution are tabulated for the clearance of the idea put forward. With a detailing on the economic factors and the cost, the estimated cost is barely calculated to prove that the suggested method fits well for future usages.

Keywords: Ceramic membrane, Microfiltration, stereotypes, adhesion, permeability



ABS026

Multifold Energizer

Prabodh S*, Pravin Kumar P

Department of mechanical engineering, Agni College of technology, thalambur, Chennai- 600130 *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract Coolers use the hot air in the room and water in order to produce cooler air. It puts the hot air through wet absorptive pads in order to add water to the air and produces cooler air. Coolers are widely used in northern India as moisture content there is low. Coolers basically contain a high speed fan and felt materials for water to flow. The cooler’s fan is rotated by a motor. Now a motor has essential amount of torque and speed for the fan to rotate at high speed and hence provide cooling. A cooler is typically used only to produce cooler air. In this paper presentation, some ways of effectively using the motor’s torque and speed to generate power during the running of the motor are studied. Effective modification of the coolers by the addition of torque-less generator to the cooler and hence generating power. Calculations based on the positioning of the generator inside the cooler to provide maximum efficiency of power generated. Also experimented the options of modifying the cooler to run on DC supply and hence create a regenerative system with the help of the output from the generators. Addition of high ratio gears to generate more power and convert the cooler into a multipurpose machine such as lighting and cellular phone charging.

Keywords: generate power, torque-less generator, DC supply, regenerative system, multipurpose machine



ABS029

Advanced Treatment of Textile Waste Water Reuse Using Membrane

Bioreactor

Rajasekaran R, Sujitha P*, Jayaprabha L V R

B.Tech Chemical Engineering, Adhiparasakthi Engineering College, Melmaruvathur,

Kancheepuram-603319 *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract The aim of this work was to quantify the performance of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) for the treatment of textile wastewater, and to investigate its capability to achieve a water quality meeting reuse criteria. A laboratory-scale MBR unit was fed with textile wastewater originating from a polyester finishing mill. Removal capacity was examined at VLRs ranging between 0.35 and 3.6 g/ (l day). In addition, the effect of nutrient addition was studied. COD removal was found to vary between 60 and 95% with reduced COD levels at lower VLRs tested. Nutrient addition slightly enhanced effluent quality. Sludge yield obtained were between 0.01 and 0.1 gMLSS/g COD removed. At similar sludge loading rates specific sludge production rates were approximately 50% higher when nutrients were added. A distinct relationship between sludge growth and colour removal could be observed. Above an sludge growth rate of 0.3 g/ (l day), colour removal was above 87% for all wavelengths examined. If reuse of MBR treated wastewater is intended, additional polishing steps must be considered as MBR effluents did not reach the required quality for water reuse. In order to upgrade MBR effluent, nanofiltration as a post-treatment was suggested. Due to the persistent nature of textile dyes, low sludge ages should be employed, to generate sufficient new biomass allowing adsorb incoming colour loads. Despite the superior performance compared to other biological treatment systems, recalcitrant COD and colour components are still present in the effluent to an extent unacceptable for direct reuse purposes. Nevertheless, even if wastewater reclamation is intended MBR technology is the method of choice when it is combined with other advanced treatment technologies.

Keywords: Textile wastewater, Biological treatment, Membrane bioreactor (MBR), Colour removal, Water re-uses, Nanofiltration.



ABS035

Extraction of Nitric Acid with Tri-n-butyl phosphat e (TBP) in Batch

and Minichannel

Chandramouli G*, Sandeep V

School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur-613401

*Corresponding author. Email – [email protected]

Abstract The liquid-liquid extraction of Nitric Acid with TBP was studied in a batch experiment and in a minichannel reactor (T- shaped). The performance of ministructured reactors for mass transfer controlled liquid-liquid reactions (extraction, polymerisation etc.) depends on the different flow regimes that form which majorly define the interfacial surface area for mass transfer to effectively happen. To study the extent of extraction of the acid using the organic solvent, the concentration of Nitric acid, the speed of rotation and the volume of TBP taken was varied with regard to the batch experiment. For the minichannel experiments the liquids were injected from either sides with syringes. The flow rate of the organic solvent was varied each time. The overall mass transfer was optimised for every experiment using MATLAB R2014A. The mass transfer coefficient and extraction percentage comparison shows that minichannel (T or Y shaped channels) shows better performance, because it creates a very fine dispersion, providing high interfacial surface area. The average extraction in the batch experiment was determined to be 45% and that of a minichannel was around 75%. This mass transfer data can be correlated, which is used for priori predictions of mass transfer rates in Micro-channels also. Keywords: Liquid-liquid extraction, minichannel, percentage extraction, overall mass transfer coefficient.



ABS039

Application of Sargassumwightii, A Marine Algae in Waste Water

Treatment

Senthilkumar P, Kameshwar R*, Prapanchana K

Department of Chemical Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, Chennai-603110 *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract

The utilization of algal biomass is a field that is fast reaching the lime light as their overflowing potentials are just being realized. The marine macroalga, Sargassumwightii, known for its photosynthetically efficient nature, has been considered as the main source of biomass. In this research, the algal biomass has been utilized for three different purposes (i) production of algal oil, (ii) production of bio-oil, and (iii) the oil-free algal biomass was used as a biosorbent in the treatment of dye wastewater. Optimal conditions of the influencing parameters such as the solvent systems, pre-treatment methods, optimum temperature, and time of exposure for the production of algal oil and bio-oil were studied. Once the oil extraction was completed, the remaining algal biomass acts as a solid waste. This waste was utilized as an effective biosorbent for the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye from the aqueous solution. The effect of operating parameters such as solution pH, biosorbent dose, initial dye concentration, time, and temperature on the removal of MB dye from the aqueous solution has been investigated. Biosorption kinetics, mechanism, isotherm, and thermodynamics of dye removal by the algal biomass were studied. Freundlich and pseudo-second-order models provide the best fit to the biosorption equilibrium and kinetic data, respectively. Biosorption of dye molecules onto the biomass was controlled by both particle and film diffusion. The thermodynamic study showed that the biosorption process was found to be an exothermic and spontaneous in nature. Keywords: Algal oil, Biosorption, Bio-oil, Methylene blue dye, Sargassumwightii



ABS042

Hydrogen Storage in Carbon Nanotubes

Naga Mani Raju M*, Hemanth Kumar M

B.Tech, Department of Chemical Engineering, R.V.R. & J.C. College of Engineering, Guntur *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract Hydrogen is the cleanest, sustainable and renewable energy carrier, and a hydrogen energy system is expected to progressively replace the existing fossil fuels in the future. The latter, being depleted very fast and cause several environmental problems. In particular, one potential use of hydrogen lies in powering zero-emission vehicles via a proton exchange membrane fuel cell to reduce atmosphere pollution. To achieve this goal feasible onboard hydrogen storage systems have to be developed. The discovery of the high and reversible hydrogen storage capacity of carbon nanotubes make such a system very promising. The hydrogen is stored in pores of carbon nanotubes with in the tube structure. Similarly, it is stored as metal hydrides. Mainly carbon nanotubes are capable of storing 10% to 60% of their own weight in hydrogen. In this paper, theoretical prediction on the hydrogen uptake of carbon nanotube.we point that, in order the development of carbon nanotubes as a partical hydrogen medium in fuel cell-driven vehicles, cars and bikes. Carbon nanotubes technology will meet the challenge of hydrogen and releasing them adequately in hydrogen fuel in future.

Keywords: carbon, nanotubes, hydrogen.



ABS045

Adsorptive Removal of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solutions by

starch-g-poly (acrylic acid)/Sodium Bentonite Composite

Kumararaja P *, 2, Manjaiah K M 1, 1Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi,

110012, India 2Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Chennai, Tamil

Nadu,600028, India *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract A starch-g-poly(acrylic acid)/sodium bentonite (St-g-PAA/bentonite) composite was prepared and characterised by X-ray diffraction pattern, FTIR spectra, surface morphology by scanning electron micrograph, surface area and cation retention capacity. Batch adsorption experiment was conducted to assess the potential of biopolymer (starch) bentonite composite for heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Ni and Cd) sorption in aqueous system. The effect of adsorbent amount, pH and initial concentration of metals on the extent of adsorption was investigated. The adsorption data were fitted with Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of composite as obtained from Langmuir adsorption isotherm was found to be 40.2 mg g-1, 56.8 mg g-1, 38 mg g-1 and 17.5 mg g-1 for Cu (II), Zn (II), Ni (II) and Cd (II) respectively. The study demonstrates that biopolymer bentonite composite could be used for removal of Cu (II), Zn (II), Cd (II) and Ni (II) ions from aqueous solution by adsorption.



ABS048 Combined Production of Biodiesel and Bioethanol from Algal Biomass –

A Cogeneration Approach

Koushik Balaji

Department of Chemical Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Kalavakkam,

Chennai – 603209


Abstract The objective of this study is to produce biodiesel and bioethanol simultaneously from a same source, algal biomass. The related processes are simultaneously carried out, considering the truth that the raw materials required for the production of both diesel and ethanol are different, which are, triglycerides and carbohydrates. Both are present abundantly in algae. Primarily, the algae were collected from a freshwater source and were pre-processed via dewatering, drying and crushing. This work involves the usage of different Biodiesel production methods. When dried biomass was used as feedstock, the direct transesterification yielded 20% (d.w of algae) Biodiesel. The algae debris was further sonicated for saccharification of cellulose present. About 95% cellulose was converted to glucose (23.75 g/ 100 g algae) in 1 h sonication process. The resulting glucose solution was fermented with yeast to produce ethanol. The fermentation yielded 9.5% ethanol (by dry weight of algae). From these results, it can be shown that algae could be used as a potential source of biofuels, not only for biodiesel, but also for bioethanol simultaneously. Keywords: Spirulina platensis, Bioethanol, Direct Transesterification, Biodiesel.



POSTER PRESENTATIONS



ABS005

Solar Photo Catalytic Waste Water Treatment

Nasima Sulthana Z*, Sushmitha M

Department of Chemical Engineering, Anjalai Ammal Mahalingam Engineering College,

Kovilveni-614403


Abstract

Quantity of water use in Indian industries is very high compared to other countries water usage. Inefficient water use by industry in India creates lot of problems. This quantity could be reduced to a minimal by recycling the water after sufficient treatment. The available treatment processes do not aim at sufficient treatment required for recycling of water but it concentrates more on achieving the standards, hence complicating the process. Photolysis and photo catalytic treatments were carried out over a suspension of titanium dioxide or zinc oxide under solar irradiation. Nanocrystalline titanium dioxide (NTO) is a multifunctional semiconductor photo catalyst that can be an energy catalyst (in water splitting to produce hydrogen fuel), an environmental catalyst (in water and air purification), researchers are focused on the photo catalytic degradation of real pollutant systems, such as cosmetics and pharmaceutical wastewaters, Paper Mill wastewater, grey water, and municipal wastewater. Keywords: titanium dioxide; advanced oxidation process; photo catalysis; water treatment Degradation.



ABS015

Microbial Fuel Cell: A New Stride in Wastewater Treatment

Dheenadhayalan M*, Shakeel Zaahid O, Vijaya Raghavan B

Department of Chemical Engineering, AAMEC, Kovilvenni-614403


Abstract Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are an emerging technology that has gained considerable attention in the recent years because they provide new opportunities for sustainable production of energy from organic wastes and renewable biomass. MFCs are bioreactors that can convert the chemical energy present in organic compounds into electrical energy. The driving force for research in this field has been the apprehension over the energy climate crisis and environment pollution. In recent years, researchers have shown that MFCs can be used to produce electricity from water containing glucose, acetate or lactate. Studies on electricity generation using organic matter from the wastewater as substrate are in progress. Instead of requiring a precious-metals catalyst such as platinum, microbial fuel cells use bacteria, which live on electrodes and eat fuel. As a by-product of respiration, they release electrons to the electrode, providing energy you can harvest for electricity. The energetic content of wastewater is about 10 times the amount of energy it takes to process it. If we spend 3 percent of our energy on processing wastewater, which means the equivalent of some 30 percent of our energy is simply draining away. Under different conditions such as inoculum culture (pure or mixed), substrate sources, and external loads, the MFCs are reported to produce power density in the range 0.3 to 3600 mW/m2. Presently, the literature shows that current and power yields are relatively low, but improvements in the technology can enhance these parameters as well as the efficiency of these cells. The main limitation of the technology is low power density, resulting in low conversion rates. If power generation in MFC can be increased, this technology may provide a new method to offset wastewater treatment plant operating costs, with less excess sludge production. Keywords: Microbial fuel cell, Bioreactors, Offset waste water treatment, Alternate energy source.



ABS021

Polypropylene Pipeline Coating

Srinidy Ravichandran*, Amritha M, Sathvika Seshasayee

School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur-613401 *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract

Coatings are covering that are applied to the surface of an object. In many cases coatings are applied to improve surface properties of an object, such as appearance, adhesion, wettability, corrosion resistance, and scratch resistance. 3LPE(3 layer polyethylene)/3LPP(3 layer polypropylene) coating system is a multi-layer coating structure composed of three coating materials of fusion bonded epoxy (FBE), copolymer adhesive and PP top coats for steel pipe anti-corrosion. Natural gas pipelines, oil extraction and transportation etc. It involves persistent corrosion problems. Polypropylene copolymer coatings have been used for the protection of the external surface of on-shore and off-shore pipelines. It has high mechanical properties (impact resistance, penetration resistance, etc.). It has its applications in oil and gas pipelines, high abrasion condition, and high operating condition. It has advantage over other coatings such as, coal tar enamel and polyethylene. Some of the underlining advantages are, its high productivity rate enabling quicker availability of coated pipe on site, Protection over a wide temperature range. It has the ability to be stored in all climatic conditions. It has long-term adhesion to steel. It has very high resistance to soil stress and backfill compaction. It has high resistance to cathodic disbandment and flexible enough to accommodate field pipe bending. From the time of production as a raw material until it becomes waste; polypropylene is environment friendly and cost-efficient.

Keywords: pipeline coating, corrosion resistance, on-shore and off-shore pipeline, coal tar enamel, backfill compaction, cathodic disbandment.



ABS024

Pollution Abatement

Gopinath K*

Department of Chemical Engineering, SCBT, SASTRA University, Thanjavur-613401 *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract

Pollution is considered as significant problem in our day to day life. Pollution affects the environment as well as human health. Generally the environmental pollutant means any solid, liquid or gaseous substance present in concentration tends to be injurious to environment. The health effects caused by pollution may include respiratory disorders, paralysis, stomach disorders, hearing problems, etc. The primary causes for the pollution are the chemical process industries, metallurgical, thermal power plants, automobiles and drug industries etc. Also the other reasons that causes for the pollution are outdated and insufficient technologies, Poor enforcement of pollution control laws for large scale and small scale industries. Pollution can be controlled or abatement by introducing new technique in the industries such as Fabric Filters, Electrostatic Precipitator, Wet Scrubber, Air Ventilators and other Mechanical devices. Using wastage gas or exhaust gas from industries as raw material for the industries and this is the one way to control the pollution. Liquid waste must be treated well being disposed off into the land or water. Uses of excess fertilizer in the agriculture land also increase the acidity content in soil level it lets to the soil pollution. Moreover it’s our responsibility to control the pollution to form an eco-friendly environment.

Keywords: new techniques, proper maintenance, enforcement of pollution control law, wastage as raw material



ABS025

Refining Process

Grande Prasanna Lakshmi* , Kandukuri Datta Jagrithi

School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur-613401 *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract Refining is to bring fine or pure state from impurities. Refining processes are the main chemical engineering processes. Refining activities starts with crude storage, handling and refining operations. Refining operations begins with distillation, cracking, reforming, blending and other conversion processes. These converted products are subjected to various treatment and separation process such as extraction, hydro-treating and sweetening to remove undesirable constituents and improve product quality. Even we have auxiliary facilities apart from refinery operations such as sour water strippers, waste water treatment plants, steam reformers, LPG storage tanks and utility process which includes Demineralization Plants, cooling towers, power plants and flare systems and also Petroleum refining industry converts crude oil into more than 2500 refined products, including liquefied petroleum gas, gasoline, kerosene, aviation turbine fuel, Naphtha, Diesel, lubricating oils, bituminous and feed stocks for the petrochemical industry. Our poster discuss about crude distillation unit which is main part of the Refinery process. Crude distillation unit is the first major unit in the refinery. The purpose of this unit is to separate the crude oil into various blends by distilling the crude into fractions according to boiling point, so that each of the downstream processing units will have feed stocks that meet their particular specifications. CDU works with a principle of distillation. Higher efficiencies and lower costs are achieved if the crude oil separation is accomplished in steps. Keywords: Auxiliary facilities, Crude distillation unit



ABS028

Hydrogen Storage

Jayasri S

B.Tech Biotechnology, SASTRA University Thanjavur-613401


Abstract Hydrogen storage is nothing but storage of hydrogen in the form of compressed gas or liquid in storage tanks. It includes physical storage of hydrogen in carbon nanotubes and chemical storage in the form of metal hydrides. The, research interests on hydrogen storage in MOFs have been growing since 2003 when the first MOF-based hydrogen storage was introduced. Since there are infinite geometric and chemical variations of MOFs based on different combinations of SBUs and linkers, many researches explore what combination will provide the maximum hydrogen uptake by varying materials of metal ions and linkers. The materials science challenge of hydrogen storage is to understand the interaction of hydrogen with other elements better, especially metals. Complex compounds like have to be investigated and new compounds of lightweight metals and hydrogen will be discovered. Hydrogen production, storage, and conversion have reached a technological level, although plenty of improvements and new discoveries are still possible.



ABS030

Fluid Catalytic Cracking

Aneesh Krishnan*, Karthik Ravi



Abstract Fluid catalytic cracking FCC, is a commercial technology that is basically used to convert a higher molecular weight hydrocarbon to a lighter economically more valuable hydrocarbon, through powdered catalyst at optimum conditions. This process is a widely used process in the petroleum industry over these many years. More commercially viable products can be obtained from feed stocks like atmospheric gas oils and coke gas oils. This method is used to industrially manufacture products like gasoline, light olefins, and LPG by optimizing the conditions and the nature of the catalyst which is the most vital part of the process. The FCC process may be divided into several major sections, including the converter section, flue gas section, main fractionator section, and vapour recovery units (VRUs). The number of product streams, the degree of product fractionation, flue gas handling steps, and several other factors influence and contribute to the application and quantity of required product one expects to manufacture. This process is completely dependent on both nature of the catalyst used and the nature of the petroleum feed which decides the amount of coke produced. A substantial improvement in this refining technology was introduced a few years earlier wherein the amount of carbon monoxide was burnt in the catalytic regenerator leading to reduction in the amount of coke burnt(which was a major setback in the FCC units before) and the catalyst –oil ratio, at the disadvantage of higher maintenance and expensive initial set up cost. As catalysts vary, temperature should be maintained in the regenerator, and the heat balance has to be obtained, which is a very difficult task ahead for refiners. Research that involve the use of very less quantities of platinum group metals have been proved to readily burn carbon monoxide in the regenerator for a diverse set of catalysts, both improving the chances of commercial profit, and higher productivity . Keywords: powdered catalyst, light olefins, catalyst regenerator, flue gas handling, platinum metal as catalyst



ABS031

Cultivating Nanosized Medicines to Aim on Hypercapnia (High Blood

Pressure) Diminution

Jayaprabha*, Rajeskaran R, Sujitha

Adhiparasakthi Engineering College, Melmaruvathur, Kancheepuram-603319 *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract Hypercapnia is a condition of abnormally elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the blood. It may also be caused by exposure to environments containing abnormally high concentrations of carbon dioxide (usually due to volcanic or geothermal causes), or by rebreathing exhaled carbon dioxide this leads to possibly a raised blood pressure can induce increased cardiac output, an elevation in arterial blood pressure. If severe, hypercapnia results in unconsciousness, and eventually death. Diuril is the widely used oral medication taken to control hypercapnia. When Diuril is taken orally takes about 2 hours of time to react and reduce blood pressure this is a long time which may cause even death so in order to increase the reaction time. Diuril is converted to nanosize by dry media milling machines particularly with steam-operated fluidized bed jet mill capable of producing a dry powder with a d50 of less than 200 nanometers in a single step with high efficiency also takes much lower reaction time in reducing the pressure.

Keywords: carbondioxide , hypercapnia , diuril , reaction time , nanosize



ABS032

Waste Water and Effluent Treatment

Vignesh S*, Dannial Samson S, Tariq Ahamed N

B.Tech Chemical Engineering, SASTRA University *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract The waste water and effluents emitted by industries contain large amount of dissolved and suspended solids which are toxic in nature. These water needs to be treated for reuse in the industry or for any other purpose. The method begins with removing suspended solids by filtration. They contain dissolved solids which give these effluents color and a bad odor.To remove this, coagulating agents like alum is used. Then they are settled in a tank and clear water is removed, which is then subjected to pervaporation process which produces low temperature pure steam, which can be condensed and used. It also produces 60% concentrated slurry. Water is separated from this slurry by centrifugation. Then this water is passed through a bed of activated charcoal and then used for treatment.



ABS033

Adsorption of Copper Ions onto the Surface Modified Strychnos

potatorum Seeds as a New Low Cost Adsorbent

Ritu Treisa Philp, Sengavi T, Amalysia R

Department of Chemical Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, chennai - 603110.


Abstract The adsorption of copper ions onto the surface modified Strychnos potatorum seeds (SMSP) in a batch adsorption system has been studied. Kinetics, mechanism, isotherm and thermodynamic parameters have been estimated. Adsorption kinetics of copper ions onto the SMSP follows a pseudo-second order kinetic model. Adsorption mechanism was explained with the intra particle diffusion model (IDM), Boyd kinetic model (BKM) and Shrinking core model (SCM). Adsorption process was found to be controlled by both intra particle diffusion and film diffusion. The diffusivity values were estimated from the BKM and SCM. Adsorption isotherm data agreed well with the Freundlich adsorption isotherm model which indicates the multilayer adsorption of copper ions onto the SMSP. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of the SMSP was found to be 248 mg of copper ions / g of SMSP. Adsorption thermodynamic studies show that the adsorption of copper ions onto the SMSP was spontaneous and exothermic in nature. Keywords: Adsorption, Copper ions, Isotherms, Kinetics, Mechanism, Thermodynamics



ABS038 Review on Room Temperature Storage of Hydrogen in Super Activated

Carbon Materials

Yamini C P*, Raghavi Krishnan, Sughasini K

B.Tech Chemical Engineering, SASTRA University *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract Hydrogen is becoming to be one of the sought after fuels, in the world of energy. This is because of its abundance on Earth, renewable nature, emission less burning trait and the fact that it has high chemical energy than most of the hydrocarbon fuels present. Even then, realizing a hydrogen economy is a farfetched dream. This is primarily because, the storage of hydrogen poses to be a major issue. First of all, hydrogen must be stored at the production site, as well as at the point of its application. Here, the room temperature storage of hydrogen in super activated carbon materials. Also, the maximum theoretical value of hydrogen adsorption in an idealized micro porous carbon material is estimated to be around 3.5% weight for the material. However, the experimental values present a rather grim scenario. These studies have shown hydrogen storage of .68wt% to .78wt%. Hence, this huge difference between the theoretical values and the experimental values, indicate the fact that there is scope of modifying the hydrogen storage capacity of carbon materials at ambient temperatures. Modifying of carbon materials can be carried out by improving the accessible surface area and pore structure of a carbon adsorbent, which in turn is done by activation of the adsorbent. Hydrogen storage in activated carbons under ambient conditions has been rarely reported. This paper studies the room-temperature hydrogen storage of different super-activated carbon materials in room temperature conditions.



ABS040

Biocolours

Albar A *, Prasanna, Saravanan M

Chemical Engineering Department, Pondicherry Engineering College, Pondicherry -605014


Abstract

Biocolour is any dye obtained from any vegetable, animal or mineral, that is capable of colouring food, drugs, cosmetics or any part of human body.In modern days mostly synthetics (synthetic dyes) are used since they are relatively cheap and easily available. The continuous use of synthetic colours in textileand food industry has resulted in toxic diseases like cancer. Also the exuberant amount of pollution caused due to synthetic dyes in textiles leads to environmental degradation. Therefore in today’s progressive world a shift from synthetic to biocolour is observed. Our presentation highlights the use of biocolours in textile industry and food industry and also the biotechnology solution for the replacement of synthetic colours by biocolours. In the near future, the product with natural colours may have an increased demand, not only for the safety of health and environment but also for their beauty and novelty. Moreover, India has a great opportunity to increase its economical status by exporting of natural dyes due to its vast plant wealth and rich traditional knowledge of using natural colourants as Dye. Keywords: Biocolour, synthetic dyes, biotechnology, economy of India



ABS043

Wastewater Treatment by Membranes

Abhijith Yenduri *, Pavan Kumar Katta

Department of Chemical Engineering, R.V.R. & J.C. College of Engineering *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract Wastewater is mostly observed from municipal wastes, houses and industries. The wastewater is sent into seas and rivers without any treatment. Due to this, the aquatic life and the marine life is getting disturbed. So the main aim of this wastewater treatment is to prevent the damage occurring to the aquatic and marine life. In this wastewater treatment, we mostly use membranes. Membranes are very costly, but they are more efficient in this treatment. The efficiency of the membranes is also high. We see a wide range of membrane techniques in our daily life. For example, the R.O systems in our houses contain membranes. In future most of the wastewater treatment methods will be of membranes. Keywords: Wastewater treatment, membranes, distillation.



ABS044

Biofuels as Renewable Energy Resource

Vamsi Krishna V*, Raja Sekhar Reddy V

Department Of Chemical Engineering,R.V.R.&J.C.College of Engineering *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract The energy sources that are produced naturally from living things that are alive or non-alive and also from the wastes that are produced from the living things are called Biofuels. The use of Biofuels considerably reduces the Green House Gas Emissions. They come from a wide variety of sources and are classified into four generations: First generation bio fuels are manufactured from animal fats, oils, starches, sugars etc. The conversion of these materials into fuels is done by already known processes. Biodiesel, Bio alcohol, Ethanol are included in this. Second generation bio fuels are manufactured from non-food crops or agricultural waste, biomass like willow, wood chips, switch-grass. Third generation bio fuels are produced from algae or other quickly growing biomass sources. Fourth generation bio fuels are made from specially engineered plants or biomass that may have higher energy yields or lower barriers to cellulosic breakdown or are able to be grown on non-agricultural land or bodies of water. Keywords: Biodiesel, Bioalcohol, Algae, Cellulose



ABS047

Ultrasound Assisted Direct Transesterification of Algae for Biodiesel

Production: Analysis of Emission Characteristics

Ramachandran Jyotsna*, Malavikha Rajiv Moorthy, NeehaDev

Department of Chemical Engineering, SSN College of Engineering,Kalavakkam, Tamil Nadu, India


Abstract Recently, the algae-for-fuel concept has gained renewed interest with energy prices fluctuating widely. Due to some restrictions over the oil extraction from algae, direct transesterification may be considered as a good alternative. In this study, to improve the performance of direct transesterification, ultrasound induction was carried out. A sonicator probe was used to induce the direct transesterification of Cladophora fracta, freshwater macro algae, which contains 14% lipid on dry biomass basis. Due to ultrasonication about 25% increased biodiesel yields were obtained and the biodiesel thus prepared was analysed for emission characteristics. The analysis results showed that Cladophora biodiesel emits 18 mg/L of CO whereas petroleum diesel emits 50 mg/L. Similarly, the emission of NOx and particulate matter also were reduced to a considerable level. The Cladophora is a suitable source of biodiesel by ultrasound assisted direct transesterification in industrial level in the future.

Keywords: Direct Transesterification, Ultrasonication, Emission Characteristics, Cladophora fracta



ABS049

Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries

Sunithra A V R

SSN College of Engineering, Chennai -603110


Abstract We are experiencing a fast growing need for alternative sources of energy since the conventional sources (fossil fuels) are decreasing in amount Utilization of alternative sources of energy like solar, wind; geothermal, hydro etc. involves tapping these energy sources and storing them for exploitation when necessary. Storing the tapped energy plays a crucial part and this is where batteries play a very important role. We have a long history of batteries starting from the Daniel cell, lechlanche cell, zinc carbon (first dry cell), nickel cadmium (first alkali battery), common alkali batteries, and nickel hydrogen to lithium ion cells. Now the research is looking forward to a new technology of redox flow batteries. Compared to conventional batteries these show a superior performance and better rechargeability. They have an ability to store more energy relatively cheaply and efficiently. With this alternative energy can become more reliable. Here we are discussing about vanadium RFB and how its efficiency is improved by using Nano silica in its proton exchange membrane separator.



ABS050

Synthesis of Silver Nano-particles Using Facile Sunlight

Sai Krishna C Sastry



Abstract Nanoparticles in general, are exuberantly studied due to their excellent optical, electrical, anti-microbial, electro-chemical, catalytic and corrosion inhibitive properties. In specific, silver nanoparticles find its use extensively in anti-microbial and disinfectant properties. Many infectious and contagious diseases can be prevented with Ag-NPs. Many of the diseases emerge due to food and water borne pathogens. These pathogens include both bacteria and fungi. This may ultimately lead to deprivation in public health and path a way to socio-economic disorders. These diseases are harrowing both developing and developed countries too. As it is a known fact that prevention is better than cure, Ag-NPs should be used to perish these pathogens before they affect human beings. Along with excellent disinfectant and microbial properties these particles once produced remain stable for around six months. Ag-NPs can be synthesized in a plethora of ways. But in this present era our main concentration should be to stick to environmental-benign processes. Instead of sticking to methods which uses power, electricity and other physical methods we can rely on ultimate source of power, i.e., sunlight. Moreover the advantages of this method are that procedure is simple and convenient. NPs are versatile and have high spatial resolution. NPs can be obtained in the form of emulsion, polymers and films. Up to 5nm size can be obtained through this procedure. Keywords: silver nanoparticles, facile sunlight, environmental benign process, size of particles.

CAPE – 2014 10 – 11 October


NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCES IN PROCESS ENGINEER ING, CAPE-2014

10-11 October 2014

CONFERENCE FEEDBACK FORM

Thank you for attending the conference. We hope that you had a great time and we look forward for your presence in the upcoming conferences. Please take time to complete this feedback form. Your feedback is very important to us and shapes the conference in future years.

Please put a tick mark (✓) appropriately 1) How did you hear about this conference? Conference website Conference Poster

Email Social Network

2) Please specify the main reason for attending the conference Networking Personal growth & development

Guest lectures Other reasons: Please specify ________________

3) Quality of website information Excellent Good Satisfactory Poor 4) Would you recommend this conference to others? Yes No Don’t know

5) Please give your comments on the following.

Very

Satisfied Somewhat Satisfied

Neutral Dissatisfied

Hospitality Food & Refreshments Registration Process Venue Pre Conference information

6) Which speaker(s) were you mostly interested listening to?[You can tick more than one]

Dr. M. Chidambaram , Professor, IIT-Madras Mr. S. Jaykumar, Deputy General Manager (Operations), Chettinad Cement Dr.P. Marimuthu , DGM (R&D and Q.C), Seshasayee Papers and Boards Ltd. Mr. B. PaneerSelvam, DGM(CBR - Operations), CPCL Mr. M. Prakash , General Manager, E.I.D Parry India Ltd Dr. P. M. Satya Sai, Professor, HBNI, DGM, KNRPC, BARC, Kalpakkam

CAPE – 2014 10 – 11 October


7) How would you rate the following items?

Excellent Very good Good Fair Poor N/A Forum for sharing and exchanging ideas

Quality of conference schedule

Quality of oral/poster presentations

Quality of material circulated by organizers

Quality of volunteer’s work

8) We wish to conduct a one day workshop (09:00 am to 05:00 pm) on ASPEN (a widely used process simulation tool) in February or March 2015. Would you like to attend the workshop? Yes No If yes, how much can you afford to pay (Fee includes lunch, refreshments and other workshop materials)? INR 300 INR 400 INR 500

9) Would you like to attend one day workshop (09:00 am to 05:00 pm) on “Excel for Process Engineers”? Yes No If yes, how much can you afford to pay (Fee includes lunch, refreshments and other workshop materials)? INR 250 INR 350 INR 450 10) On the whole how would you rate the Conference?

Excellent Above average Average Below Average 11) Overall comments about the conference[Provide specific instances / areas to be improved or the ones that you liked most/ found well appreciating]

Personal details (Optional)

Name: ________________________ Author/ Participant ID: __________________

E-mail ID: ______________________ College / University: ______________________

cape-2014-book-of-abstracts

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