cape-2015-book-of-abstracts

CAPE 2015 9 – 10 October

SASTRA University


SASTRA University

Table of Contents

Content Page Number Message from the Convener ii SASTRA University iv School of Chemical & Bio Technology iv Indian Institute of Chemical Engineers iv Conference on Advances in Process Engineering v Themes of CAPE 2015 vi Conference Committee vii IIChE Student Chapter 2015 – 2016 Council Members viii Sponsors of CAPE 2015 ix Programme Schedule - CAPE 2015 x List of Guest Lectures xiii List of Oral Presentations xiv List of Poster Presentations xv

CAPE-2015 9 – 10 October

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ii SASTRA University

Message from the Convenor

Dear all As the convenor, I take privilege in welcoming you all to the National Conference on Advances in Process Engineering (CAPE-2015), an annual event of IIChE Student chapter at SASTRA University. The Conference covers a wide spectrum of topics pertaining to advances in process engineering. Our constant endeavour is to provide a platform for effective interaction among academicians, industrialists and students associated with Chemical Engineering. The Conference will be instrumental in promoting the knowledge of most recent advances in process engineering and translating the earned knowledge to specific engineering applications. Renowned headline speakers drawn from academia and industry and the Oral and Poster Presentation events will help in exploring the themes of the conference. These include 1 Oral presentation session and 2 Poster presentation sessions and guest lectures by speakers belonging to industry and academia. A total of 36 abstracts were received from 19 institutions. Further, SCILAB and DWSIM workshops aim at giving basic insights into programming and process simulation skills and help in improving the problem solving skills among graduating young engineers. I wish to acknowledge the contribution made by our sponsors which served as an impetus to drive the conglomeration. On behalf of CAPE-2015 organizing team, I wish you a pleasant and productive stay at SASTRA University. I look forward to your active participation and it is with great pleasure I welcome you once again. Best Wishes Dr. R. Kumaresan, Associate Dean, Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University.


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iv SASTRA University

SASTRA University SASTRA University was founded in 1984 as Shanmugha Engineering College by its founding fathers in the town of Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu, India. It was later renamed as Shanmugha Arts Science Technology and Research Academy (SASTRA) and was granted the status of Deemed University in the year 2001. The affiliations with SASTRA are UGC, AICTE, SIRO, NAAC, AIU. Since its inception, it has been progressively widening its entity in academics and research. The University empowers its students to accomplish their academic and professional passions, integrating innovative association among education, engineering and research along with real world experience and moral values. The campus has a housing built-up area of over 30,00,000 square feet, nourished with over 10,000 students and 700 teaching faculty, establishing a landmark in the world educational front. School of Chemical & Biotechnology (SCBT) The Department of Chemical Engineering was introduced in 1994. Later in 2002, the Departments of Biotechnology, Bioengineering and Bioinformatics were added and later evolved as the School of Chemical and Biotechnology in 2003. The school conducts cutting edge research in synthesis and characterization of nano-materials for applications in batteries & fuel cells and for process intensification and thermal management applications and lot more. The main aim of the school is to educate, train and develop cutting edge bio-specialists capable of discovery, design and delivery of solutions to improve the quality of human life and environment. Also to educate, train and develop competent chemical engineers with their skills adequately honed to succeed in the chemical industry. The school has distinguished faculty members with rich experience in academia/industry/research. Interaction of students with the faculty is encouraged and is reflected in the high degree of success of the students in interviews, competitive examinations & technical presentations. The school has won appreciation for its consultancy activities. This has served as a very good platform for effective industry institute interaction. Indian Institute of Chemical Engineers (IIChE) Indian Institute of Chemical Engineers is a confluence of streams of professionals from academia, research institutes and industry in India. It provides a wide range of opportunities for development and advancement of Chemical Engineering sciences and its applications. Indian Institute of Chemical Engineers (IIChE) was established by Dr. Hira Lal Roy, on 18 May 1947 at Jadavpur University, Kolkata. IIChE now has about 7500 active members associated with it. The activities of the Institute are spread across the country through its 33 Regional Centres and 58 Student Chapters. Student members pursuing under-graduate degrees in Chemical Engineering form Student Chapters, under the auspices of the respective Regional Centres. The Student Chapter of IIChE at SASTRA University was inaugurated


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during January 2011. It has since conducted two National symposiums, two National Conference (CAPE-2013, CAPE 2014), guest lectures, debates and events on industrial defined problems and flowsheeting to name a few. Conference on Advances in Process Engineering (CAPE)

National Conference on Advances in Process Engineering is the annual event of the SASTRA University student chapter of the Indian Institute of Chemical Engineers (IIChE). The objective of this conference is to provide an interdisciplinary forum for researchers and engineers to share and discuss their ideas on the emerging issues in process engineering. The conference focuses on all aspects of process engineering such as process development, manufacturing, and product development. The conference aims to promulgate the knowledge of the most recent advances in understanding the fundamentals and in translating the earned knowledge to specific engineering applications. The conference provides an amicable platform for fruitful interaction amongst young students, research scholars, practising engineers, academicians and industry delegates through oral and poster presentations. Guest lecturers from eminent scholars of repute, drawn from academia and industry, will serve as an impetus to steer and drive the conglomeration towards knowledge sharing.


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Themes of CAPE 2015

• Bio process and Fermentation Technology • Chemical Reaction Engineering

• Computational Fluid Dynamics • Corrosion Engineering

• Downstream Processing • Energy and Clean Fuel Technology • Fluid Mechanics

• Food Technology • Health, Safety and Environmental Engineering

• Heat and Mass Transfer • Microfluidics, Microreaction and Nano Technology

• Nuclear Engineering • Paints and Coatings • Piping, Process Design and Economics

• Polymer Engineering • Process Control

• Process Modelling, Simulation and Optimization • Refinery Process • Thermodynamics

• Transport Phenomena


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Conference Committee Convenor Dr. R. Kumaresan, Associate Dean, Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Biotechnology (SCBT), SASTRA University. Faculty Advisors Dr. K. S. Rajan, Associate Dean - Research, SCBT, SASTRA University. Dr. V. Ponnusami, Professor, Chemical Engineering, SCBT, SASTRA University. Student Mentor Dr. P. R. Naren, Senior Assistant Professor, SCBT, SASTRA University. Student Coordinator Mr. B. Venkatakrishnan , Chairperson, IIChE Student Chapter, SASTRA University.


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IIChE Council Members (2015 – 2016)

Chairperson B. Venkatakrishnan Vice Chairperson Rahul Ganesh Vice Chairperson N. Swetha

Secretary R. Karthik Treasurer R. Srinidy

Joint Secretary S. Srinath Joint Treasurer H. Sridhanya

Executive Members

L. Akash M. Neelesh Chandran

Sundar Ramasamy M. Madhu Preetha

G. Jayaram S. Sampathkumar

Riti Patra K. Sughasini V. Sudharsun

V.U. Sindhu Kavi


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Sponsors of CAPE 2015

Silver Sponsors

• Indian Oil Corporation • RA Chem Pharma • Sunix FZE

• Qatar Shell Service Company

Bronze Sponsors

• Mac Nels Container Lines Pvt Ltd.,

• Truefit Wall Putty • Zadco Development Company

• Mr. P. Ravi, Anusham, Abu-Dhabi

ChemUnity – Almater, Department of Chemical Engineering, SASTRA University

• Batch of 2014 o Bhargav Sathuvally o M. Rajasekaran o B. Subash o P. C. Seshasai

o R. Sarankumar

o H. Thiagarajan • Batch of 2015

o G. Ganapathy o Theja Pamarthy o V. M. Maruthi Srivatsan o V. Vaishali


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Detailed Programme Schedule

Day 1: 9th October 2015 (Friday)

Time Session Speaker

7:00 - 9:00 hr Registration

Venue: JVC Entrance

9:00 - 10:30 hr Inaugural Session

Venue: JVC Auditorium

9:00 - 9:30 hr Inauguration

9:30 - 10:30 hr Plenary Lecture


Dr. K. S. Gandhi

Professor, (Retd.) IISc, Bangalore “Dreams of Chemical Engineers”

10:30 - 11:00 hr High Tea

11:00 - 12:00 hr Invited Lecture – 1


Dr. A. Kannan Professor, IITM

“Mechanism of Adsorption of Solutes”

12:00 - 13:00 hr Lunch

13:00 – 16:00 hr SCILAB Workshop


13:00 - 14:30 hr Session – 1

14:30 - 14:45 hr Tea

14:45 – 16:00 hr Session – 2


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Oral Presentation Venue: JVC 114

ABS003 – Hezil Noronha - Use Of Environmentally Benign Catalyst For The Study Of Esterification Of Acetic Acid And Iso-Butanol ABS005 – K. Veeraraghavan- CFD Model - Turbulent Scalar Mixing Process in a Chemical Reactor ABS008 – Poorna Praneesha - New and Emerging Non-Thermal Technologies in Food Preservation ABS009 – Anant Mishra - A Comparative Study Of Hydrodesulfurization Processes For Petroleum Refineries ABS026 – K. S. Prinitha - Clean Environment - Use Clean Fuel ABS035 – D. Deepika - Micro fliuidic Mixers

Poster Presentation Venue: Outside JVC Auditorium

Poster Session – 1

ABS006 – S. Premraj - Efficiency comparison of HAWT and VAWT ABS011- T. Sivaraman - Polymers for Cells/Tissue Anti-Adhesion ABS013 - Kandukuri Datta Jagrithi - Clean Coal Technologies ABS016 – Chenthura Parameshwari - Waste Management - Mimicking Nature ABS017 – R. Shrinidhi Kasthuri - Production of Riboflavin

Poster Session – 2

ABS020 – P. Suthakar - Fast Detection of Carbon Monoxide Using Calcium Loaded Tin Oxide Sensors ABS023 – Vikas Gunaki - Corrosion in Desalination Plants ABS024 – J. Elcina Rose - Green-One step synthesis of Graphene Oxide reinforced Biodegradable Polymer Nanocomposites ABS025 – N. Adhirai - Antibacterial activities of Polycarbonate / Medicinal Leaf Extract based Thin Films ABS032 – S. Kavyashree- Energy and Clean Fuel Technology

18:00 hr End of Day – 1

16:00 – 18:00 hr Parallel Oral & Poster Presentation


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Day 2: 10th October 2015 (Saturday) Venue : JVC Auditorium

Time Session Speaker

9:30 – 10:30 hr

Invited Lecture – 2

Mr. G. Sunil Kumar, Chief, Health Safety Environment and

Fire, Reliance Industries, Mumbai “Process Safety Management in

Chemical Industries”

10:30 – 10:50 hr High Tea

10:50 – 11:50 hr Invited Lecture – 3

Dr. R. C. Panda Principal Scientist, Chemical

Engineering CLRI, Chennai

“Modern Trends in Process Modeling and Control”

11:50 – 13:00 hr Lunch

13:00 – 15:30 hr DWSIM Workshop

13:00 – 14:30 hr

Session - 1

14:30 – 14:45 hr Tea

14:45 – 15:30 hr Session - 2

15:30 – 16:00 hr Tea

16:00 – 18:00 hr Valedictory Session

16:00 – 16:45 hr Valedictory

Address

Dr. S. Dharmalingam

Former GM (Quality), BHEL, Trichy Visiting Professor, NIT Trichy

16:45 – 17:30 hr Prize & Participation Certificate Distribution

17:30 – 17:40 hr Vote of thanks

17:40 hr National Anthem

End of Conference


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List of Guest Lectures

Guest Speaker Title Page No.

Dr. K. S. Gandhi Dreams of a Chemical Engineer 2

Dr. A. Kannan Mechanisms influencing Adsorption of Solute 3

Mr. G. Sunil Kumar Process Safety Management in Chemical

Industry 4

Dr. R. C. Panda Modern Trends in Process Modeling and

Control 5

Dr. S. Dharmalingam


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List of Oral Presentations

Abstract

ID Author Title Page No.

ABS003 Hezil Noronha Use Of Environmentally Benign Catalyst For The Study Of Esterification Of Acetic Acid And iso-

Butanol 8

ABS005 K. Veeraraghavan CFD Model - Turbulent Scalar Mixing Process in a

Chemical Reactor 9

ABS008 Poorna Praneesha New and Emerging Non-Thermal Technologies in

Food Preservation 10

ABS009 Ananth Mishra A Comparative Study Of Hydrodesulfurization

Processes For Petroleum Refineries 11

ABS026 K. S. Prinitha Clean Environment - Use Clean Fuel 12 ABS035 D. Deepika Micro Fluidic Mixers 13


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List of Poster Presentations

Abstract ID Author Title Page No

ABS006 S. Premraj Efficiency Comparison of HAWT and

VAWT 15

ABS011 T. Sivaraman Conversion of Sunlight into

Hydrogen Fuel 16

ABS013 Kandukuri Datta

Jagrithi Clean Coal Technologies 17

ABS016 Chenthura

Parameshwari Waste Management - Mimicking

Nature 18

ABS017 Shrinidhi Kasthuri Production of Riboflavin 19

ABS020 P. Suthakar Fast Detection of Carbon Monoxide Using Calcium Loaded Tin Oxide

Sensors 20

ABS023 Vikas Gunaki Research On Corrosion in

Desalination Plants 21

ABS024 J. Elcina Rose

Green-One step synthesis of Graphene Oxide reinforced

Biodegradable Polymer Nanocomposites

22

ABS025 N. Adhirai Antibacterial activities of

Polycarbonate / Medicinal Leaf Extract based Thin Films

23

ABS032 S. Kavyashree Energy and Clean Fuel Technology 24


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Abstracts – Guest Speakers


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Plenary Lecture

Dreams of a Chemical Engineer

Dr. K. S. Gandhi* Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012

*Corresponding Author: [email protected]

Abstract Dreams create goals, raise hopes, and propel individuals to fulfilment. Chemical engineers contribute to the welfare of society in many ways. They contribute to the economic welfare through productive activities in a wide variety of industrial sectors. A chemical engineer can dream to design, retrofit, trouble-shoot, improvise, innovate, and manage Indian chemical industry to be globally competitive. Chemical engineering is an important ingredient in creating security and defence of India, and its practitioners can dream to make India peace loving as well as strong. In my talk, I will give examples of a few pioneers who made contributions to these sectors. Energy security, health care, and environmentally benign economic development pose formidable technical challenges to India. These challenges do not recognize boundaries between conventional disciplines, and only minds steeped in interdisciplinary approach can meet them. Historically, Chemical engineering shares natural borders with chemistry, physics, mathematics, and, through them, now has a broad open door into modern biology. Chemical engineers can then definitely dream to be active participants in creating solutions for many knotty problems. This set of problems need chemical engineers to be firmly oriented towards modern scientific knowledge, and research & development. In this endeavour, a dream within the larger dream is to create solutions starting from fundamental principles, but carry all the way till design & deployment. This is my personal dream. I will discuss one of my efforts, though incomplete it is, towards storage of electrical energy using lead-acid batteries. Keywords : Chemical engineering & society, R&D in chemical engineering


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Invited Lecture - 1

Mechanisms Influencing Adsorption of Solutes

Dr. A. Kannan* Professor, Department of Chemical Engineering, IIT Madras


Abstract

Adsorption is a versatile and popular separation process which is widely implemented in the industry. Adsorbents after suitable activation possess high surface area which enables them to be used in small quantities. It is important to understand the physicochemical characteristics of adsorbents which influence the kinetics, equilibrium and selectivity. Based on these aspects, the identification of suitable operating conditions for adsorption will be discussed. Mathematical modeling of adsorption processes from first principles will also be explained.


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Invited Lecture - 2

Process Safety Management in Chemical industry

Mr. G. Sunil Kumar* Chief, Health Safety Environment and Fire, Reliance Petrochemicals, Mumbai


Abstract

Process Safety Management (PSM) is a comprehensive framework of activities for managing the integrity of a hazardous chemical operation. Its goal is to eliminate (prevent and mitigate) loss of containment incidents. The PSM standard was developed to prevent loss of containment events can lead to fire, explosion or toxic effects and may result in large numbers of casualties, after a number of such serious incidents. Though companies like DuPont, ICI, Shell etc., that specialized in the production of highly hazardous chemicals adopted the Process Safety concepts in 1980s, the Process Safety Management standard was promulgated in 1991 by OSHA and later by Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS). We have seen many chemical plants operating without any major incident for a long period after implementation of PSM but suddenly a big safety incident overturns their whole business scenario. A robust management system for process safety performance results is very important to maintain sustainability for a company that deals with chemical processes. While operational discipline is fundamental to the success of all safety programs, it is especially important in process safety management (PSM) programs.


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Invited Lecture - 3

Synthesis, Optimization and Control of 1-Heptene Separation Process

Dr. R. C. Panda* Department of Chemical Engineering, CSIR-CLRI, Adyar, Chennai- 600 020. India.


Abstract: Heptene is valuable in industry as an octane booster for gasoline and as a plasticizer. Hydrocarbon mixture obtained from the reaction between propylene and butane, is separated to produce 1-Heptene for which the process is designed, optimized using ASPEN. Peng-Robinson property package is used here. Five columns in the step wise separation process having 14 control configurations were simulated. Sensitivity of desired product quality due to change in feed parameters are studied. Controllability analysis is carried out to find control configuration of the columns. Transfer functions between column input and output has been developed to facilitate model based controller design. The conventional process of production of heptene is as follows: Propylene (C3) is fed through storage tank to heptene reactor while butene (C4) is pumped in the reactor as another feed. The reactor effluent passes through reactor inter coolers (heat-exchangers), through reboilers, heaters and is fed to C3/C4 tower. The reactor consists of five essentially well mixed sections, with similar concentrations in each section. Heat removal is achieved by using pump around in each stage through external heat exchangers. The reactor effluent is partially vaporized before being fed to first of the three distillation columns. The first column (T – 501) removes the unreacted C3 and C4 components. The next column (T – 502) separates the 1 – Hexene product overhead and sends the bottoms to the next column (T – 503). In T – 503, the main 1 – Heptene is taken overhead while the C8 and heavier compounds are taken as the bottom product, which is in turn processed off site to remove the heavy material and to recover spent catalyst. Control configuration can be stated as follows:

Manipulated Variables are selected as follows: D is used to control the level of water in condenser. B is used to control the level of water in reboiler. L is used to control xDi to give higher purity when xDi increases. V is used to control xBi to give the top product of a higher quality light component when xBi decreases. Thus L controls xDi, D controls hD,, B controls hB, V controls xBi


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Abstracts – Delegates

Oral Presentation


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ABS003

Use of Environmentally Benign Catalyst for the Study of Esterification Of Acetic Acid and iso-Butanol

Hezil Noronha*, S. Indraja, S. Spoorthi

Department of Chemical Engineering, M.S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore-560054 *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract Esters are defined as the reaction products of acids and alcohols. These are fine chemicals used widely in the manufacturing of flavors, plasticizers, pharmaceuticals, polymerization monomers, solvent of paints, adhesives and organic media instead of aromatic compounds. Thus esterification reaction has found profound importance in the industrial world. The increasing concern towards the protection of environment has shifted the attention from conventional homogeneous catalysts to eco-friendly heterogeneous catalysts. Despite of strong catalytic effect, use of H2SO4, HCl, HI or p-toluenesulphonic acid suffers from several drawbacks, such as corrosion of equipments, need to deal with acidic wastes, sulphur contamination on the final products and separation problems. In view of these deficiencies, heterogeneous catalysts become attractive alternative catalysts which are non-corrosive, non-polluting and have long activity life. Zeolites, however, are used as promising materials for replacement of the homogeneous acid catalysts. The goal of our work was to study the reaction of acetic acid (CH3COOH) with Iso-butanol (C4H9OH) to produce isobutyl acetate over a green catalyst HZSM-5[SAR 280].The effect of reaction temperature, feed molar ratios and catalyst loading on esterification of acetic acid with Iso-butanol were studied. The esterification reaction was carried out in the temperature range from 343K to 373K. It was found that the conversion increased for higher mole ratios at higher temperatures. Highest conversion of 56% was obtained for 20gm/lit of catalyst at 373K with a mole ratio of 1:3(acetic acid: Iso-butanol).The activation energy for this esterification reaction was found to be 23.703kJ/mol. Keywords: Esterification, Heterogeneous catalyst, Zeolite, Kinetics, Activation energy


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ABS005

CFD Model- Turbulent Scalar Mixing Process in a Chemical Reactor

K. Veeraraghavan* School of Mechanical Engineering, SASTRA University, Thanjavur-613401

*Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract

The optimisation of reaction process to maximise the yield of desired product while minimising the formation of undesired product is a crucial step in the development of chemical products like in manufacturing of drugs. This can be done by predicting amount of mixing that will occur at molecular level between different constituents to produce homogenous mixture. This prediction has wide range of application in combustion process, chemical reactions (fluids mix at molecular level), waste processing, atmospheric application (mixing of air at molecular level) etc. When a chemical reaction occurs they are accompanied by two different physical processes namely “Turbulent Convection” and “Molecular Diffusion” and these two combined together is referred to as Turbulent Mixing. Molecular diffusion is a small scale process which depends critically on the small scale structure of scalar field and hence modelling this process is a tricky task so CFD in conjunction with micro-mixing modelling is adopted to get a desired result in an efficient way. In recent years Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has been used successfully to model the fluid dynamics of complex systems (agitated reactor and mixers) and velocity distribution in turbulent systems. In a chemical reactor all the required chemicals (except limiting reagent) are mixed and then the limiting reagent is added slowly. Now the final yield of undesired product is measured experimentally. The flow field in the reactor is simulated using the Reynolds Stress Model (RSM) for turbulent motion. The flow impeller model is incorporated in CFD using Multi Reference Frames (MRF) model. The interaction of turbulence and the chemical reaction is accounted with the help of micro-mixing model for turbulent flow. Thus by using this type of model we predict the effect of agitation speed of the reactor and viscosity of the fluid over the formation of undesired product.

Keywords: Reaction Optimisation, Turbulent Mixing, Micromixing model, CFD.


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ABS008

New and Emerging Non-Thermal Technologies in Food Preservation

G. Sri Poojitha, V. G. Saranya, Poorna Praneesha*

Chemical engineering, S. V. University College of Engineering, Tirupati - 517501,


Abstract: Consumer demands for high quality foods that are fresh tasting and nutritious have created considerable interest in the development of new food-processing techniques. Interest in the development of new food processing technologies has increased dramatically over the past decade primarily due to consumer demand for food with fresh taste, crisp texture and natural colour. Food items easily get spoiled, especially fruit juices these are spoiled primarily due to proliferation of acid tolerant and osmophilic microflora. There is also risk of food borne microbial infections which is associated with the consumption of such spoiled food materials. In order to reduce such problems, Thermal pasteurization is used commercially by fruit juice industries for the preservation of fruit juices but results in losses of essential nutrients and changes in physicochemical and organoleptic properties. In order to overcome the negative effects of thermal pasteurization nonthermal technologies are introduced. Developments in non-thermal technologies have been advanced by both industry and academia in an attempt to meet the challenge of producing safe processed food of a high quality. Non-thermal processing technologies such as high hydrostatic pressure, pulsed electric field, ultrasound and irradiations have employed. Non-thermal technologies have been advanced to replace conventional heat treatments. These preservation technologies are an interesting option to produce high quality food products. Therefore, these technologies are finding applications as hurdles that assure food safety through microbial inactivation in minimally processed high quality products. Keywords: Non-thermal technology, High hydrostatic pressure, Pulsed electric field, Ultrasound, Thermal pasteurization



ABS009

A Comparative Study of Hydrodesulfurization Processes for Petroleum Refineries

Nitin Murthy *, N. Balraj, Anant Mishra Department of Chemical Engineering, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, (Bangalore)

* Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract This paper goes into the various processes used globally, whether industrial or experimental, for hydrodesulphurization of petroleum naphtha streams and applies them to the Indian petroleum refining industry as a case study. The processes studied are: 1. Oxidation and Solvent Extraction Process 2. Ultrasound-assisted Oxidative Desulfurization Process 3. Salt Roasting Treatment Ultrasound-assisted Oxidative Desulfurization Process - Ultrasound assisted oxidative desulfurization (UAOD) process was applied to diesel oil and petroleum product feedstock containing model sulphur compounds (benzothiophene, dibenzothiophene and dimethyldibenzothiophene). Using the optimized conditions for UAOD, sulphur removal up to 99% was achieved for model compounds in petroleum product feedstock using a molar proportion for H2O2:acetic acid: sulphur of 64:300:1, after 9 min of ultrasound treatment at 90 °C, followed by extraction with methanol (optimized solvent and oil ratio of 0.36). Using the same reagent amount and 9 min of ultrasound the removal of sulphur was higher than 75% for diesel oil samples. Salt Roasting Treatment – Syrian petroleum coke samples were characterized and submitted for salt-roasting treatment in an electric furnace to evaluate the convenience of this procedure for the extraction of the vanadium and sulphur from coke. The solution and solid residue remaining after salt-roasting both were separated by filtration and were analysed for vanadium and sulphur. The solid residue and the untreated samples of petroleum coke were analysed by XRF spectrometry. Hence desulphurisation is a vital process in petroleum refining Industry.

Keywords: Extraction, Desulfurization process, Ultrasound-assisted oxidative desulfurization, Roasting, Extraction



ABS026

Clean Environment - Use Clean Fuel

K. S. Prinitha* School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur-613401

*Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract Clean fuel technology is the key to the lock called air pollution .Generally CNG, propane, alcohol, biogas comes under clean fuel. They are very good alternatives for diesel and gasoline which are used in vehicles. Emission of diesel or gasoline contains primary pollutants like CO, oxides of nitrogen, hydrocarbon. CO emission is nearly 80% lower in using CNG than with petrol in cars. LPG using vehicles are more cleaner in terms of emission of oxides of nitrogen. The emission depends upon both engine design and fuel used. CNG vehicles give same performance as normal diesel vehicles. As LPG is highly inflammable it may cause fire so stress releasing loop must be incorporated but performance of LPG is very good. High safety must be opted for LPG. The engine must be remodeled for using these clean gases or else that will pollute the environment more than diesel vehicles. Buying those cars is little expensive and all the clean fuels are cheaper than petrol. So one time expenditure will save our environment for years. Keywords: Clean fuel, CNG, LPG , CO



ABS035

Micro Fluidic Mixers

D. Deepika, S. Soma Sekhar Goud* Department of Chemical Engineering, Sathyabama University, Tamilnadu - 600119, India


Abstract Micro reaction technology is one of the most innovative and rapid developing fields in chemical engineering, synthesis and process technology. Many expectations toward enhanced product selectivity, yield and purity,improved safety, and access to new products and processes are directed to the micro reaction technology. Microfluidic mixer is the most important component in microfluidic devices. Based on various principles, active and passive micro mixers have been designed and investigated. This review is focused on the recent developments in microfluidic mixers. An overview of the flow phenomena and mixing characteristics in active and passive micro mixers is presented, including the types of physical phenomena and their utilization in micromixers. Due to the simple fabrication technology and the easy implementation in a complex microfluidic system, T micro mixer is highlighted as an example to illustrate the effect of design and operating parameters on mixing efficiency and fluid flow inside microfluidic mixers. Keywords: Micro Mixer, Mixing efficiency, Active and Passive mixers.



Abstracts – Delegates Poster Presentation



ABS006

Efficiency Comparison of HAWT and VAWT

S. Premraj *

SASTRA University, Thanjavur-613401, Tamil Nadu. *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract Turbine is one which alters mechanical energy to electrical energy. In the present work the efficiency of horizontal and vertical axis wind turbines are collate based on mechanical criterion. The work also discuss about the electromagnetic interference, steering mechanism of wind, blade rotation speed and also living being factors like ground projection effect on human beings , the cable stranding problems. The study imparts the apportionment of wind turbines. It also gives an abrupt detailed explanation of each one of them. The list view of convenience of VAWT over HAWT is scrutinized. The paper finally concludes that the vertical axis turbine has more power generation efficiency than horizontal axis turbine. The horizontal axis wind turbine is aesthetically unpleasant and even initial costs are high. To compare the efficiency the maximum speed is assumed to be 50 m/s and certain calculations are performed in determining the efficiency of both HAWT and VAWT. The size factor is also dealt in detail. Even the rotating speed is high in case of HAWT its efficiency is not appreciable on comparison with VAWT. The result of juxtaposition gives the beneficiary process of power production. This paper confabulates about convenience and disadvantages of both horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) and vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT). Keywords: HAWT, VAWT, Electromagnetic interference, Power generation



ABS011

Conversion of Sunlight into Hydrogen Fuel

T. Sivaram*, S. Lokeshwari Department of Chemical Engineering, Arulmigu Meenaskhi Amman College of Engineering, Vadamavandal-

604410 *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract

The conversion of sunlight into hydrogen fuel, is a simple and environmental friendly. The materials used are multi meter, a solar panel, some crocodile clips, glass, water and carbon rods. Then the carbon rods are attached by the clips, with one side rod is positive and another side rod is negative after we dip them in the water. Connect the wires to the solar panel to start making hydrogen gas on the negative side and oxygen on the positive. The experiment can be tested by checking the voltage with the multi meter. It could make very own backyard hydrogen fuel, the same fuel use to power hybrid cars.

Keywords: Solar panel, multi meter, crocodile clips



ABS013

Clean Coal Technologies

Kandukuri Datta Jagrithi * School of chemical and biotechnology,SASTRA University

*Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract Coal is a solid fossil fuel containing several hydrocarbons and minerals. Coal is mined, prepared and then used as a fuel. Coal combustion and coal gasification are two processes used for converting coal into useful product. Gasification is a process of conversion of coal to gaseous form for use as fuels. The gases obtained from coal gasification are water gas, producer gas, methane etc. Gasification of coal is the cleanest way of utilizing coal. Carbonization of coal is the process of heating the coal in the absence of air. The volatile matter in coal is released and the products of gasification are Coal gas and Coke while by-products include Ammonia and Tar. Keywords: Coal, gasification, carbonization, ammonia, volatile matter



ABS016

Waste Management - Mimicking Nature

Chenthura Parameshwari *, Anuse P, and Eniyan S School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur-613401

*Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract Nature has its own way of taking care of itself. Not only has that it also provided us with solutions for the challenges we face. Environmental engineering is the combining of science and engineering principles to enhance the various aspects of the environment. The various health and safety risks all boil down to pollution, one major reason being generation of large quantities of waste and its improper disposal. Techniques like bio-mimicry, application of behavioural science and bringing into effect the “Cradle to Cradle” theory, prove to be efficient and eco-friendly methods of managing waste. Bio-mimicry gives us a chance for once to learn from nature. It makes us curious of how nature creates conditions for more life. It’s high time we must go beyond recycling waste and aim at converting it into useful products. It must be taken care that conservation is done at the resource level, so that the quantity of waste generated can be efficiently reused to maintain the balance in the cycle. Spreading awareness among the people, improving their environmental psychology is bound to bring about a change in the entire waste management scenario. Keywords: Waste management, bio-mimicry, behavioural- analysis, cradle-to-cradle



ABS017

PRODUCTION OF RIBOFLAVIN

K. S. Prinitha, R. Shrinidhi Kasthuri* School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur-613401

*Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract Vitamin B2 also called Riboflavin helps in proper metabolism, respiration and boosting immune system. Riboflavin was produced as a by-product of acetone and butanol fermentation. Due to many disadvantages like low yield of riboflavin, advanced technologies have over taken this method, out of which fermentation using fungi Ashbya gossypii (microbial fermentation) has proven to be effective. This fungi produces high yield of riboflavin and there is very low influence due to the iron content in the growth media. Ashbya gossypii is cultured in an aerobic process. pH is a main factor which should be adjusted before and after fermentation. Riboflavin is purified using centrifuge and absorption tanks. The 80% pure riboflavin is directly fed to the animals and 99% pure grade riboflavin is used in pharmaceutical industries as tiny yellowish pellets for human consumption Keywords: Fermentation, iron inhibition, centrifuge, extraction



ABS020

Fast Detection of Carbon Monoxide using Calcium Loaded Tin Oxide Sensors

P. Suthakar*, B. Shanmugam, and N. Pushparaj

Department of Chemical Engineering, Kongu Engineering College, Perundurai, Erode-638052 *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract Solid state sensors with noble metal-loaded tin oxide as sensing elements are widely used for the detection of flammable and toxic gases and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Apart from rendering high cost, incorporation of noble metals often increases the preconditioning time and introduces a drift in baseline properties of the sensors. Herein, we report on the development of stable and economically viable sensor modules for fast and efficient detection of carbon monoxide (CO) in air. The sensing layer comprises sonochemically synthesized calcium-loaded tin oxide (Ca-SnO2) nanocrystals, in which calcium primarily gets segregated at the SnO2 grain boundaries as calcium oxide (CaO) and thereby restricts the growth of SnO2 particles. Due to larger ionic radius of Ca2+ as compared to that of Sn4+, a minute quantity of calcium can be doped as well into the SnO2 lattice. The variation of calcium concentration in SnO2 has a prominent effect on the sensor performance, where 5 wt% calcium loading shows the highest sensor response. The sensors exhibit a lower detection limit of 1 ppm CO in air. The response time (10–12 s) and recovery time (30–45 s) of our sensors, for different concentrations of CO, are equivalent or less compared to those of commercially available metal-oxide sensors. Additionally, a highly stable baseline with minimal drift even after being operational for over 1.5years is observed. Keywords: Calcium-loaded SnO2 sensors, detection limit of 1 ppm CO, Response time, Selectivity to CO, minimal cross sensitivity to VOC’s



ABS023

Research On Corrosion In Desalination Plants

Vikas Gunaki L *, Rudranil Dutta, Varsha S Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering Bangalore - 560078

*Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract Corrosion and erosion play an important role in the material selection for various industries especially in desalination plants. Corrosion is observed in most of the reactors including evaporators, heat exchangers, cooling towers, pumps etc. This paper throws light on materials used in Multistage evaporators [MSF] and Reverse osmosis [RO] plants. It also focuses on advantages and disadvantages of using high alloy steels in place of stainless steel. The procedure of material selection and analysis on its failure in operation and maintenance of desalination plants has also been discussed. Hence concluding that the cost, availability and design considerations are not only the major engineering problems, corrosion can also lead to a great loss to the economy of the plant. Keywords: MSF , RO, desalination plants



ABS024

Green-One step synthesis of Graphene Oxide Reinforced Biodegradable Polymer Nanocomposites

J. Elcina Rose J1, R. A. P.Savitha1, R. Bhuvaneswari1, M. Rajagopalan2,*, D. Sridharan 2,

C. Arunmozhidevan2 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Anjalai Ammal Mahalingam Engineering College,

Kovilvenni - 614 403. 2Department of Chemistry, Anjalai Ammal Mahalingam Engineering College, Kovilvenni - 614 403.

* Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract A facile and “Green” route was applied to fabricate Graphene Oxide (GO) reinforced polymer composites utilizing “distilled water” as solvent. The GO was reinforced into water soluble poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (PAMPS) matrix by ultrasonification followed by mechanical stirring, and the films were fabricated by Thermally Induced Phase Separation technique. The incorporation and dispersion of the GO in the polymer matrix was identified by XRD, FE-SEM, AFM, FT-IR and TGA. Further, the FE-SEM and AFM images revealed that the surface roughness and agglomeration of the nano-composites increased by increasing the concentration of the GO in the polymer matrix. Ionic exchange capacity and tensile strength studies of the films revealed that the reinforcement of GO in the polymer matrix enhanced the mechano-chemical properties of the water soluble polymers. The PVA/PAMPS/GO nano-composite films exhibited excellent mechanical strength than the pristine one, due to strong interfacial interactions between the polymers as well as homogeneous dispersion of the GO sheets in the PVA/PAMPS matrix. Keywords: Biodegradable polymer, composites, graphene oxide, tensile strength



ABS025

Antibacterial Activities of Polycarbonate / Medicinal Leaf Extract based Thin Films

N. Adhirai 1, A. Jayasurya1, S. Abinaya1, M. Divya1, R. Mahendran2,*, D. Sridharan2, C. Arunmozhidevan2

1Department of Chemical Engineering, Anjalai Ammal Mahalingam Engineering College, Kovilvenni - 614 403.

2Department of Chemistry, Anjalai Ammal Mahalingam Engineering College, Kovilvenni - 614 403. *Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract In the present study, antibacterial activities of Polycarbonate / Medicinal Leaf Extract thin films were investigated. Crude extracts of Azadirachta indica, Psidium guajava, Acalypha Indica, Andrographis paniculata and Ocimum Sanctum were prepared by maceration using dimethyl formamide as solvent. The Medicinal Leaf Extract (MLE) was incorporated into the polycarbonate (PC) matrix by solution blending and the thin films were fabricated by Thermally Induced Phase Separation technique. The antibacterial activities of the as-prepared thin films were assessed against E. coli and S. aureus by disk diffusion method. All the PC / MLE films showed significant inhibitory effects against E. coli and S. aureus, whereas pristine PC film didn’t exhibit any remarkable antibacterial activities. Specifically, the Azadirachta indica containing PC films showed excellent antibacterial activities against both bacteria. Further, the model food studies revealed that the PC / MLE films retained the quality and nature of the fruit (Genus prunus), more than 11 days. This study demonstrates that the PC/ MLE films possess excellent antibacterial activity, and these films would be promising candidates in food-packaging Industry. Keywords: antibacterial, leaf extracts, medicinal plants, E. coli, plums



ABS032

Energy and Clean Fuel Technology

H. Sridhanya* , S. Kavyashree, Namrata Kalwani

School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur-613401 * Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract "Clean fuels" are fuels that have a lower carbon intensity than the standard for the fuel it replaces. Examples of clean fuels include most types of ethanol, biodiesel, natural gas, biogas, electricity, propane and hydrogen. Clean fuels can be used for an efficient and cost effective Energy production. Negative environmental consequences of fossil fuels and concerns about petroleum supplies have spurred the search for renewable transportation biofuels. To be a viable alternative, a biofuel should provide a net energy gain, have environmental benefits, be economically competitive, and be producible in large quantities without reducing food supplies. We use these criteria in the poster, to use ethanol removed during carbon dioxide purification (produced from fermentation) and biodiesel using ethanol from the above process for energy production. Ethanol yields 25% more energy than the energy invested in its production, whereas biodiesel yields 93% more. Compared with ethanol, biodiesel releases just 1.0%, 8.3%, and 13% of the agricultural nitrogen, phosphorus, and pesticide pollutants, respectively, per net energy gain. Relative to the fossil fuels they displace, greenhouse gas emissions are reduced 12% by the production and combustion of ethanol and 41% by biodiesel. Biodiesel also releases less air pollutants per net energy gain than ethanol. Thus, the poster is to comprise of biodiesel production by the reaction of lipids with ethanol, which is used to satisfy energy needs in an environmental friendly method. Keywords : Clean fuels, renewable, fermentation, ethanol, biodiesel



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