car refrigerant for india

8/8/2019 Car Refrigerant for India

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Car Refrigerant for India

HFC 134a

New Age CarRefrigerant for India


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Executive Summary

Unprecedented rise in the demand for Car

Refrigerants in India due to phenomenal growthin the Automobile Industry.

Current Refrigerants used : CFC 12 and otherfluorocarbons and their environmental impact.

Use of newer and eco friendly Refrigerants likeHFC 134a , their advantages and futureprospects.

Indian Scenario in regard to MAC( Mobile Air

Conditioning)


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Indian Automobile Industry 03 -04

Landmark Year - 1 Million mark achieved. *

Sales grew 32.20 % in 03 - 04(9,00,752 units indomestic sales and 129,316 units of exports)

Growth expected to inundate the market in theforthcoming years.

Tremendous boost to Indian economic growth. Increased demand for mobile air conditioning

(MAC) units.

*Source : Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers {SIAM})


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Repercussions of Growth

Excessive usage of CFCs contributing to

Global Warming , damage to stratosphericozone layer.

CFCs used in the MAC units in India are notregulated for their release ,when the carsare scrapped & junked.

CFCs released have a long atmosphericshell life of around 100 years.


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Fluorocarbons

CFCs , HCFCs , HFCs

Excellent Thermodynamic properties , non flammable .

Ozone Depletion Potential (ODPs) of the fluorocarbons :

Ozone Dep et on Potent a s

1 0

0 11

0 065

0 055

0 0

Fuorocarbons

F -134a

F -22

F -142b

F -141b

F -12


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Destruction of Ozone

CFCs absorb the UV rays , and then disintegrate

through photochemical reactions releasing freeChlorine atoms.

CFCl3 (g) + hv CFCl2 (g) +Cl(g)CF2Cl2 (g) + hv CF2Cl (g) +Cl(g)

The Final Reaction thus :

203 (g) 302 (g)


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Destruction of Ozone(Cont..)

Fluorocarbon

Atmospheric Life

(Years)

HFC-134a 14

HCFC-22 13.3CFC-12 102

Ozone Distribution in the Atmosphere


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CFC 12 v HFC 134a

High ODP of 1.0

Much Higher GlobalWarming Potential thanHFC 134a

Longer Atmospheric Life 100 years

Not affected by naturalprocesses thus tend toaccumulate.

Negligible ODP of 0.0

Weak greenhouse gas Short atmospheric life

14 years

Easily destroyed bynatural processes , does

not accumulate


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Production Data

Production o uorocar on

0

25

50

75

100

125

150

175

200

225

250

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

Ti

ar

E

i

ion

'

M

trictonn

CFC - 12

HFC - 134a


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Emissions Data

Emissions o oro ar ons

0.0

25.0

50.0

75.0

100.0

125.0

150.0

175.0

200.0

225.0

250.0

275.0

300.0

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

im

ars

Emissions

M

tri

!

tonn

s"

C C 12

H C 134a


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Global Conventions Fluorocarbons

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) in

1976 Issue of Ozone Depletion was tackled. The 1985 Vienna Convention Systematic

observation of the ozone layer, monitoring of CFCs.

The Montreal protocol on substances that depletethe ozone layer September 1987 Phase out till2000.

The Kyoto Protocol aims at reducing Greenhousegases emissions including CFCs.


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HFC 134a Car Refrigerant

The HFC-134a refrigerant has replaced CFC-12 in the

western countries.

US EPA has recommended HFC 134a as a eco friendly

refrigerant , promoting it as a replacement for CFCs.

HFC 134a has met with the desired performance and

system durability.

Global giants like Honda , Toyota , Mitsubishi , Audi ,

Hyundai have embraced HFC 134a .

Smaller units due to smaller molecular size of HFCs

Higher efficiency units which require lesser parts , tubes

etc

Cost effective in the long run.


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Indian Scenario

The heavy usage of local a/c , in various small towns.

Scrapping & Junking.

Excessive leakages and poor efficiency units .

Bright Prospects:

Arrival of multinationals bringing in HFC 134atechnologies.

Emergence of Original equipment manufacturers (OEMs)authorized service agents, a/c manufactured and fitted inthe factories.

The World Bank has decided to give India $ 82 millioncompensation for phase out of CFCs , if India meets the2010 deadline.


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Review

The colossal growth of Indian Car Industry and therelated environmental impacts with regard to a/cunits.

Introduction to fluorocarbons ,ozone depletion , thedetrimental effects of CFCs.

Evaluation of HFC 134a as a car refrigerant in

India. The benefits of using HFC 134a units especially in

India.

Good solutions exist today if chosen wisely!!!!


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References

Websites :

www.afeas.orgwww.indiacar.net

www.eia.doe.gov

www.autocar.com

www.epa.gov

Reports :

Chemical Economic Handbook(CEH) on Fluorocarbonsby SRI International Limited.


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Thanking you!!!

Presented By :

Abhishek Srivastava , Mukul Pathak

3rd Year , Environmental Engg.

Delhi College ofEngineering.

car refrigerant for india

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