carb/icat bpm demonstration program

e lec

CARB/ICAT BPM Demonstration Program

Garrett Beauregard VP Engineering May 12, 2008

e lec An • ®tality Company

ICAT 04-4

An Innovative Means to Minimize Electric GSE Charging

Infrastructure Costs


Electric GSE

eGSE—Electric Ground Support Equipment Reduce emitted pollutants from gasoline and diesel engines Bag tractors, belt loaders, pushback tractors


Roadblock to eGSE

Infrastructure Most airports are lacking the available power and circuits to power battery charging equipment Costly to bring new power to the air side


Power Costs--Example

5 chargers installed at Long Beach Charger cost = $125,000 Cost to install new circuits:

>$100,000!


What is the solution?

Use existing circuits Low utilization Large enough to power charger Critical: Ensure uninterrupted operationfor critical systems

Jet bridge is a good candidate High ampacity Low utilization


Bridge Power Manager (BPM)

Installed on existing jet bridge circuit Provides branch circuit to charger Monitors total current throughput Controls charger to keep total below design limit (circuit breaker)

TO SUPERCHARGER_--_____ __

TO BRIDGE CONTROLPANEL ----------

e lec An • ®t ality Company

EXJSTING POWER SUPPLY

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BPM Installation

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BPM Logic Measure actual

current in supply circuit

Current exceeds set point?

Yes

Decrease Power by ½

(max 2 steps)

NO

NO Is charger in power-limit

mode? Yes

Increase Power by ½

(max 2 steps)


BPM Operation

BPM has NO control over jet bridge— always has power BPM can ONLY control charger Charger won’t operate without communication from BPM Circuit breaker is last line of defense No operator interaction required


ICAT 04-4: Project Plan

Demonstrate BPM at OAK, Gate 32 Bridge traction power and fast battery charger Use existing 60A circuit—Bridge TransportMotor

Operate eGSE Use BPM/Charger system SWA to provide eGSE 6-month field demonstration

Evaluate efficacy Did power sharing affect ability to charge andmaintain operations?


Project Plan

Bridge Traction Supply Bridge Traction Breaker; Distribution Box


Project Timeline

BPM and Charger installed Early September, 2007 Gate 32 Port of Oakland provided much-needed support to streamline equipment installation

System Operating


BPM Installed


BPM Installed

BPM Internal Hardware


Field Operation

Operate eGSE and charge as needed Collect Data from Charger

Charge event details BPM interruptions Monthly collection

Analyze Data Use patterns Number/Duration of interruptions

SWA Ops Issues/Concerns


Project Results

Data collected for 6 months Three recorded BPM interruptions

April 8, 9:06 am April 10—Demonstration for OAK and CARB (forced events)

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0:00 00 :00 00

00 00 :00 :00 0 :0 :0 :00:: : : : :0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 30 0

10:3

11:3 :3 3:3 14:3

15:3

16:3 :30:3 1:3 2:3 :3 4:3 5:3 6:3 7:3 3 :3 8:3 19:3

20:3

21:3 :38: 22:

123 9 17 231 1

Project Results

Histogram--Charge Event Start Time

0.00%

10.00%

20.00%

30.00%

40.00%

50.00%

60.00%

70.00%

80.00%

90.00%

100.00%

Frequency Cumulative %

50Charge Events 45Start Time 40

--897 events 35

30--SWA able to 25charge through-20out the day 15

10

5

0

Freq

uenc

y

Bin


0

0:00

0:00

0:00

0:000:00

:00

0:00

:00

:00

0:00

0:00

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00 00 00 00 00

00

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00 00 00 00 00

00

00 00 00 00

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:00 0 :00 0 :00 0 :00 0 00 e :0 0 0 0 0 r

Mo: : : :: : : : : : :: : : : : : : : : : :

:00 0:30

4:00

4:30

8:00

2:30 0 :00 4:30

5:00

5:30

6:00

6:30 :00 0

8:00

8:30

9:00

9:30 :00 0 0 :00 0 :00 0 :00 03 0 3 3 03 3 0:0 3 0 3 7:3 3 3 0: : : : : : : : :: : : :2 3 3 6 7 03 3 4 7 7 11 11 12 15 15 16 18 19 191 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2

Project Results

Histogram-Charge Duration Field Test Period

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

0.00%

10.00%

20.00%

30.00%

40.00%

50.00%

60.00%

70.00%

80.00%

90.00%

100.00%

Frequency

Cumulative %

Charge event duration across field test period

Freq

uenc

y

0:30

1:00

1:30

2:00

Bin


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BPM Interruption--Demo

Charger display during BPM interruption

Typical charger display during charge event


Project Summary

The BPM worked Uninterrupted operation of the jet bridge Near-uninterrupted operation of the charger eGSE operation without problem


Project Summary

Question: why is the BPM required if italmost never interrupts the charger? That ONE time—popping the breaker isunacceptable to Operations Answer: NEC and local codes will not allow additional loads that will exceed the designlimit of existing circuits The BPM is TÜV certified as a powermanagement device


Project Summary

SWA is expanding eGSE at OAK 10+ chargers being installed 6 BPM units recently installed

(OAK installed a few dedicated charger circuits during 2007 terminal renovation)


Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements ETEC wishes to acknowledge the following individuals and organizations for their support of and participation in this project:

California Air Resources Board Steve Church Port of Oakland Britt Johnson Southwest Airlines Larry Laney

Donald Bribes John Salter


Acknowledgements

Conducted under a grant by the California Air Resources Board of the California

Environmental Protection Agency

The statements and conclusions in this report are those of the grantee and not necessarily those of the California Air

Resources Board. The mention of commercial products, their source, or their use in connection with material reported herein

is not to be construed as actual or implied endorsement of such products.

carb/icat bpm demonstration program

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