cardio pulmonary resuscitation · iap ug teaching slides 2015‐16 pediatric chain of survival 3...
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
CARDIO PULMONARY RESUSCITATION
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
CPR IN CHILDREN
• Child CPR is administered to any victim from the age of 1 yr till puberty.
• Cardiac arrest due to ‐ injury such as poisoning, smoke inhalation, or head trauma, which causes the breathing to stop first.
• Children tend to respond to CPR much better if administered as soon as possible
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
PEDIATRIC CHAIN OF SURVIVAL
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Prevention – CPR – Call for help – Access to PALS – Post arrest care
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
CPR IN CHILDREN
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
SAFETY AND ASSESSMENT• SAFETY –
– Always make sure that the area is safe for you and the victim.
• ASSESSMENT – – Assume that cardiac arrest is present if: • the victim is unresponsive
• not breathing • only gasping.
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
CHECK FOR RESPONSE
• Gently tap the victim
• Ask loudly, “Are you okay?”
• Call the child's name if you know it.
• If the child is responsive, he or she will answer, move, or moan.
• Quickly check to see if the child has any injuries7
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
CHECK THE CIRCULATION
• If child is unresponsive/ not breathing
• Palpate for the central pulse – CAROTID/FEMORAL
• Take no more than 10 seconds to try to palpate the pulse.
• NO PULSE/NOT SURE of the pulse START CPR
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
HOW TO CONDUCT CPR?
The recommended sequence of CPR
CAB sequence CirculationAirway
Breathing/ventilations
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
C‐A‐B
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
CHEST COMPRESSION
• Compress the lower half of the sternum
• At least one third of the AP dimension of the chest should be compressed
• Rate of 120 compressions/minute
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
CHEST COMPRESSION
•Use heel of 1 or 2 hands.
•Do not press on the xiphoid or the ribs.
•Complete release after each compression.
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
CHEST COMPRESSION
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PUSH HARD ‐‐ PUSH FAST
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
CHEST COMPRESSION
• For the lone rescuer a compression‐to‐ventilation ratio of 30:2 is recommended.
• After the initial set of 30 compressions, open the airway and give 2 breaths.
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
CHEST COMPRESSION
• For two rescuer a compression‐to‐ventilation ratio of 15:2 is recommended.
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
AIRWAY
• A" is for AIRWAY.
• Normal infant ‐ shallow and rapid breaths
• No signs of breathing the tongue may be obstructing the infant's airway.
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
HOW TO OPEN THE AIRWAY?
• Tilt the head back into what is called the "sniffer's position" ‐ far enough to make the child look as if he is sniffing.
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
BREATHING
• "B" is for BREATHING.
• Cover the infant's mouth and nose with your mouth creating a seal, and give a quick, gentle puff from your cheeks.
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
BREATHING
• Let the victim exhale on his own ‐ watch his chest and listen and feel for breathing.
• If he does not breathe on his own, again place your mouth over his mouth and nose and give another small puff.
• If the infant remains unresponsive (no crying or moving), immediately check his circulation
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
BAG AND MASK VENTILATION
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
E‐C CLAMP TECHNIQUE
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
ACTIVATE EMERGENCY RESPONSE
• If there are 2 rescuers
• One should start CPR immediately
• Other should activate the emergency response system
• Obtain an AED
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
HAVE YOU SEEN THIS?
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
DEFIBRILLATOR
• Turn the AED on.
• Place the paddles/electrode pads
• Apply gel
• Select energy dose
• ANNOUNCE – “I am going to shock on three – All Clear!”
• Resume CPR
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
RECOVERY POSITION
• Move the victim’s head, shoulders and torso simultaneously
• Turn the victim onto his / her side
• Limit pressure on bony prominences and peripheral nerves
• Monitor the victim’s respiratory effort and appearance
• You may bend the victim’s leg and move the knee forward to stabilize the victim
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
RECOVERY POSITION
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
INFANT CPR
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
INFANT CPR
• Infant CPR is administered to any victim under the age of 12 months.
• Check the infant for responsiveness by patting his feet and gently tapping his chest or shoulders.
• If he does not react (stirring, crying, etc.), immediately check his airway
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
INFANT PULSE
• Brachial artery inside of the upper arm, between the elbow and the shoulder.
• Palpate for 3 to 5 seconds.
• No pulse START CPR
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
INFANT PULSE
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
INFANT CPR
• Place TWO fingers in the center of the infant's chest with the top finger on an imaginary line between the infant's nipples.
• Raise the top finger up and compress with the bottom two fingers.
• The compression should be approximately ½ inch deep
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
INFANT CPR
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
INFANT CPR
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IAP UG Teaching slides 2015‐16
Thank You
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