Cardiovascular System Cardiovascular System Test Study GuideTest Study Guide

1. What is atherosclerosis?1. What is atherosclerosis?

When the artery walls thicken and harden

due to fat build up

Atherosclerosis

2. What is the function of the atria?2. What is the function of the atria?

An atrium receives blood into

The heart.

3. What determines a person’s 3. What determines a person’s blood type?blood type?

The type of protein on the red blood cell.

4. Name two things blood carries to 4. Name two things blood carries to the body cells?the body cells?

• Food

• Oxygen

• Chemical Messages.

5. What type of blood can a person 5. What type of blood can a person with O receive?with O receive?

You can’t receive anything but O

6. Name four ways to avoid 6. Name four ways to avoid cardiovascular disease.cardiovascular disease.

• Proper diet

• Exercise

• Don’t smoke

• Don’t drink

• Keep weight down

7. What is hypertension?7. What is hypertension?

High blood pressure.

8. What does the lymphatic system 8. What does the lymphatic system do?do?

The lymphatic system returns leaked fluid to the circulatory system and filters it.

9. What two gasses do red 9. What two gasses do red blood cells carry on them?blood cells carry on them?

Carry oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout the body.

10. If your plasma only contains 10. If your plasma only contains anti-A, what blood type are you?anti-A, what blood type are you?

Type B blood.

11. What is the main function of 11. What is the main function of platelets?platelets?

Platelets help to form blood clots to stop bleeding.

12. Name two functions of 12. Name two functions of capillaries. capillaries.

ConnectConnect arteries to veins. arteries to veins.Exchange O2, CO2 and food to cells.Exchange O2, CO2 and food to cells.

13. What do valves do?13. What do valves do?

They stop the blood from flowing backwards.

14. What is the purpose of white 14. What is the purpose of white blood cells?blood cells?

To fight disease.

15. What controls your pulse rate?15. What controls your pulse rate?

Pacemaker cells in the heart.

16. Define arteries and veins.16. Define arteries and veins.

• Arteries- Carry blood away from the heart

• Veins- Carry blood to the heart.

17. What is plasma and what 17. What is plasma and what percent of it is water?percent of it is water?

Plasma is the liquid part of the blood and 90% water.

18. What is the aorta and where is 18. What is the aorta and where is it ?it ?

Largest artery. It comes out of the heart from the left ventricle.

19. 19. What is blood transfusion and why What is blood transfusion and why are correct blood types important when are correct blood types important when

getting one?getting one?Transfer of one person’s blood to another.

The blood will clot if you get the wrong type.

20. What is hemoglobin?20. What is hemoglobin?

The protein on the red blood cell.

21. What is the pacemaker?21. What is the pacemaker?

The heart cells that control the heartbeat.

22. Identify a picture of a red blood 22. Identify a picture of a red blood cell, white blood cell, and platelet. cell, white blood cell, and platelet.

BloodBlood•Blood consists of liquid plasma and three kinds of cells—red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

23. Draw a diagram of the heart from 23. Draw a diagram of the heart from memory, labeling the four chambers, septum, memory, labeling the four chambers, septum, and valves. Show the direction of blood flow and valves. Show the direction of blood flow to and from the lungs and body. Also, show to and from the lungs and body. Also, show

which sections are oxygen-rich and which are which sections are oxygen-rich and which are

oxygen-poor.oxygen-poor.

To LungsTo Lungs

From LungsFrom Lungs