career episode 1 - mycdrhelp.comfabrication of antenna testing of antenna with analyzer ... and i...

29
1 CAREER EPISODE 1 INTRODUCTION: Time duration Location Organization Project Position Project Supervisor Project submitted to This career episode is about my project named “Vehicle tracking and accident reporting using GSM & GPS technology” in this career episode. This project was carried out and submitted during second year as course requirement in Electronic and Communication Engineering in BTL Institute of Technology, Bangalore, India from ……………..to ……………… CE 1.1 The project was done during the graduate course in Electronic and Communication Engineering in _____________________. The project was carried individually under the supervision of wireless communication professor as semester project. BACKGROUND: CE 1.2 This project was completed in second year of my bachelor degree program, during my studies I learned the basics of Electronics and wireless communication and by doing this project my vision was broadened which helped in my next years of study and because of that was able to complete this project. This was the first time I was designing any system, which included electronics and communication. For the execution of project, I learned and researched a lot about Microcontroller, Embedded system and lastly GSM technology. In present the car theft incident have increased a lot and majority of public are installing GPS tracker in the vehicle. Therefore I decided if I implement Accident reporting in this technology it will help save life by reducing the amount of time it takes to report incident also while reporting incident exact location of accident

Upload: others

Post on 14-Apr-2020

0 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: CAREER EPISODE 1 - mycdrhelp.comFabrication of antenna Testing of antenna with analyzer ... And I choose microstrip antenna for this ... ground plate and patch. The matrial which I

1

CAREER EPISODE 1

INTRODUCTION:

Time duration

Location

Organization

Project

Position

Project Supervisor

Project submitted to

This career episode is about my project named “Vehicle tracking and accident reporting using

GSM & GPS technology” in this career episode. This project was carried out and submitted

during second year as course requirement in Electronic and Communication Engineering in

BTL Institute of Technology, Bangalore, India from ……………..to ………………

CE 1.1

The project was done during the graduate course in Electronic and Communication Engineering

in _____________________. The project was carried individually under the supervision of

wireless communication professor as semester project.

BACKGROUND:

CE 1.2

This project was completed in second year of my bachelor degree program, during my studies I

learned the basics of Electronics and wireless communication and by doing this project my

vision was broadened which helped in my next years of study and because of that was able to

complete this project. This was the first time I was designing any system, which included

electronics and communication. For the execution of project, I learned and researched a lot about

Microcontroller, Embedded system and lastly GSM technology. In present the car theft incident

have increased a lot and majority of public are installing GPS tracker in the vehicle. Therefore I

decided if I implement Accident reporting in this technology it will help save life by reducing the

amount of time it takes to report incident also while reporting incident exact location of accident

Page 2: CAREER EPISODE 1 - mycdrhelp.comFabrication of antenna Testing of antenna with analyzer ... And I choose microstrip antenna for this ... ground plate and patch. The matrial which I

2

will be send so that ambulances and other lifesaving department can reach exact location on time

and easily by knowing the location.

CE 1.3

This project aim was to identify and report location and time of accident happened in while

driving vehicle.

This was designed to report immediately when accident occur, so by doing this emergency

services or anyone can get instant update about accident and exact GPS coordinate of accidents.

By sending GPS coordinate to Emergency services it will reduce the time to locate the position

of accident and in some cases when accidents occur in remote location and the people involved

in accidents cannot report by themselves it will save their lives by automatically reporting and

sending GPS coordinates.

CE 1.4

This project was completely designed by me and for guidance I referred to my wireless

communication professor,

Fig: Organisational Structure

Project Supervisor

Engineer (Electronics & Communication

Engineer) MYSELF

Page 3: CAREER EPISODE 1 - mycdrhelp.comFabrication of antenna Testing of antenna with analyzer ... And I choose microstrip antenna for this ... ground plate and patch. The matrial which I

3

CE 1.5

The project was divided into two parts, so that I can focus better and by dividing in two parts it

made me more focused and because of this I was able to complete project,

➢ Vehicle monitoring and real time tracking

It is an electronic device that is fitted in vehicle to track it location. For this

purpose GPS was used and its was connected to microcontroller. The

microcontroller process the recived GPS coodiante as per defined action.

➢ Indication using GSM module

At the time of impact the microcontroller sends the GPS coordinate to GSM

module which sends messages usign GSM network to defined energency services

or anyone. Message sent by microcontroller contains the latitude and longitude of

accident spot.

PERSONAL ENGINEERING ACTIVITY

CE 1.6

As project owner I had to do design and implement the idea into real thing and for that I started

doing research work and for this I contacted my university profesor and internet. First I prepared

the block diagram, secondly after discussion with my course professor I prepared the circuit

diagram and lastly the algorithm for the entire system.

CE 1.7

I built block diagram for the Project and got it reviewed from Project supervisor and by

preparing block diagram it helped me implementing the project as everything was clear now. By

this way I was bale to built the Project one block at time and in the end intergrated all the module

together.

Page 4: CAREER EPISODE 1 - mycdrhelp.comFabrication of antenna Testing of antenna with analyzer ... And I choose microstrip antenna for this ... ground plate and patch. The matrial which I

4

Fig: Block Digram of the Project

When an accidnet happen, it triggers the Piezo electric plates installed in accident detection unit

which send signal to microcontroller, at same time microcontroller process the data and recevies

the latitude and lontitude from GPS and after that it sending signal to GSM module to send text

message.

CE 1.7

For GPS recvier I had to connect external antenna so that GPS Module can send/receive from

satellites. The selection of crystal oscillator was a tough job. I incorporated multiple Crystal

Oscillators but didn’t got the required results. After some discussion with the project I implied

LVC1GX04 Crystal oscillator & when it was is connected to GPS module it produced highly

stable clock for GPS signal to be generated. Dual antennas were used with Pre-amplifer buit in

Page 5: CAREER EPISODE 1 - mycdrhelp.comFabrication of antenna Testing of antenna with analyzer ... And I choose microstrip antenna for this ... ground plate and patch. The matrial which I

5

so that signal are amplified and then send to GPS Module for processing. LCD was then

conneted to system so that speed and Location of vehicle can be seen on it.

CE 1.8

For Indication I used LED & IR sensor together which triggeres when the vehicle collide and in

order for these work correctly these are placed at multpile location on front, back and sides of

car. Basic Principle is when any object is close to IR sensor the light emiited from LED will

bounce back and IR sensor will identify this light and signal is generated which is fed to op-amp

which generates high signal. This high signal is used for identification purpose when vehicle was

in collision.

CE 1.9

In selecting proper microcontroller I went through some really hard time. I tested ATMEL &

Samsung microcontrollers but they were not interacting with the system logically due to fewer

functions. I did my research & for integrating all components, I used AT89S52 microcontroller

because it was highly reliable and consumed very less power. All the indicator sensor, GSM

module and GPS modules were connected to microcontroller. Microcontroller receives the input

for all modules and then process according to specific algorithm. Multi-output Power was

connected to entire system as it provided 5v and 12v.

Page 6: CAREER EPISODE 1 - mycdrhelp.comFabrication of antenna Testing of antenna with analyzer ... And I choose microstrip antenna for this ... ground plate and patch. The matrial which I

6

CE 1.10

For sending message of I used GSM Module with GSM SIM inserted in its slot. For sending

messages I used AT commands to configure the GSM module so that it can sends messages to a

fixed Number stored in the phonebook memory. I Used Below mention commands to configure

GSM modem to send Messages

AT+CMGS="+92NUMBER" <ENTER>

The modem will reply with: “>” it means now text message can be send using the <CTRL>-<Z>

key combination:

Vehicle accident happened at Latitude 33.71007 Longitude 73.15655 need immediate

HELP<CTRL-Z>

When message is sent the modem reply with message ID to confirm that message is sent

Complete circuit diagram is shown below for the project.

Page 7: CAREER EPISODE 1 - mycdrhelp.comFabrication of antenna Testing of antenna with analyzer ... And I choose microstrip antenna for this ... ground plate and patch. The matrial which I

7

CE 1.11

During project implementation I had to find a solution in which GPS and GSM modem can

communicate to microcontroller, a lot of data was lost in communication but I later found out

that the baud rate was inappropriate and need to be defined to every module according to the

specification so I started by 1200 bits per second and gradually increased the baud rate and found

that at 4800 bits per seconds the GPS and GSM modem communicate fine with microcontroller

CE 1.12

Configuring AT commands was challenge as these consist of short text letter which are

combined to produce commands for different operation such as sending text message. By trying

different combination of short letter I created the desired commands thorough which I was able

to send text message to fixed number

Page 8: CAREER EPISODE 1 - mycdrhelp.comFabrication of antenna Testing of antenna with analyzer ... And I choose microstrip antenna for this ... ground plate and patch. The matrial which I

8

CE 1.13

The advantages of this project are:

1. A low cost solution for automobile tracking

2. In car theft cases it is very useful as exact location could be easily identified.

3. In remote location emergency services can be alerted about accident and victims can be

treated immediately.

The only restrictions of this project

1. Accident occurs in an area where there is no GSM Coverage or Signal get blocked in

tunnels or mountains.

CE 1.14

Summary

This engineering academic project boosted my knowledge about GSM network and embedded

systems, while doing this project my goal was to design a system which is low cost, precise and

automatically triggers indication when required. By doing this project I learned how to do

research and planning work for execution of project.

Page 9: CAREER EPISODE 1 - mycdrhelp.comFabrication of antenna Testing of antenna with analyzer ... And I choose microstrip antenna for this ... ground plate and patch. The matrial which I

1

CAREER EPISODE 2

INTRODUCTION:

Time duration

Location

Organization

Project

Position

Project Supervisor

Project submitted to

This career episode is about my project named “Design fabricate and test truncated micro

strip antenna for GPS”. This project was carried out and submitted during final year as course

requirement in Electronic and Communication Engineering in ________ from ……………..to

………………

CE 2.1

The project was done during the graduate course in Electronic and Communication Engineering

in _____________________. The project was carried individually under the supervision of

antenna wave and propagation professor as semester project.

BACKGROUND:

CE 2.2

This project was completed in the final year of my bachelor degree program, during my final

year I learned the basics of antenna and about their working this got me interested so I decided to

make my own truncated antenna and test this antenna in university lab for result. I discuss this

with my course professor and he agreed and asked to test antenna various parameters like

VSWR, reflection coefficient, impedance and output gain.

Page 10: CAREER EPISODE 1 - mycdrhelp.comFabrication of antenna Testing of antenna with analyzer ... And I choose microstrip antenna for this ... ground plate and patch. The matrial which I

2

CE 2.3

This project aim was to identify and report the process for antenna design for specific frequency

and how it is tested to that frequency to check its output. The whole project was separated in

different parts,

➢ Selection of material and defining parameters for antenna magus.

➢ Simulating this design in feko to get real life results.

➢ Fabrication of antenna

➢ Testing of antenna with analyzer

CE 2.4

This project is completely design by myself and for guidance I refer to my course professor,

Fig: Organisational Structure

CE 2.5

As antennas are of various types and I couldn’t make every type of antenna so I dediced to

choose a particular type and study its paramaters. And I choose microstrip antenna for this

project because its low efiency and bandwidth because of the presence of dielectrice between

Project Supervisor

Engineer (Electronics & Communication

Engineer) MYSELF

Page 11: CAREER EPISODE 1 - mycdrhelp.comFabrication of antenna Testing of antenna with analyzer ... And I choose microstrip antenna for this ... ground plate and patch. The matrial which I

3

ground plate and patch. The matrial which I used for my antenna is FR4 Pcb (flame retardant

grade 4) and this material have permittivity and low tangent loss, so it is ideal for my project as

bandwidth and efficeincy can be increased with high value of permittivity. Also micro strip

antennas are easy to manfacture and have low cost for construction and this was major factor in

choosing this type of antenna as I could easliy fabricate it myself.

PERSONAL ENGINEERING ACTIVITY

CE 2.6

As project owner I had to study, research and test the antenna on various factors mention below

➢ Bandwidth

➢ VSWR

➢ Reflection coefficient

➢ Output gain

The range of frequency on which antenna works is called bandwidth and can be measued simply

by

Bandwidth = (𝑓𝑢 − 𝑓𝑙)/𝑓𝑐 ∗ 100

VWSR (variable standing wave ratio) is measures to check how well RF (radio frequency) are

being transmitted from source to transmission line or antenna.

Reflection coefficient is know as the reflection of waves caused by irregular impedance.

Gain is how much power is being conveted into waves and are being transmitted.

Page 12: CAREER EPISODE 1 - mycdrhelp.comFabrication of antenna Testing of antenna with analyzer ... And I choose microstrip antenna for this ... ground plate and patch. The matrial which I

4

CE 2.7

Designing a truncated microstrip antenna was a challege itself in the project and for this purpose

I used FR4 material with thickness of 1.5mm. the materail relativity permitivitty is 4.3 and

tangent loss is 0.03. perceived. During designing of antenna I assumed that gain of antenna is

very low because it has low tangent loss which factor to the materail I used. To overcome this

problem several modification were made in design and the antenna was truncated from two

corner. The frequency which will be transmited from antenna is set at 1575.5MHz. The resonant

length of truncated microstrip antenna is calculated by,

In Formula ΔL is the patch length at each cornoer. H is the the substance thickness. εr and εe are

relative constant. W is the width of patch.

Top View Side View

CE 2.8

After designing antenna, its performance was measued by using antenna Magus. It is a software

which helped me checked the parameter like impedance, reflection coeffiecnt, and VSWR. For

this operating frequency 1575.5Mhz, Dielectric constant according to FR4 is 4.3 Height of

Page 13: CAREER EPISODE 1 - mycdrhelp.comFabrication of antenna Testing of antenna with analyzer ... And I choose microstrip antenna for this ... ground plate and patch. The matrial which I

5

substrate 1.5mm and loss tangent 0.03 is given with length of antenna in Magus and following

graph were obtained,

Impedance Reflection coefficient

VSWR < 2.5

By Using Magus it helped me matched the feed line and width according to antenna’s

impedance. If I placed the feed line closer to the antenna edge the impedance decreases. By this

technique I was able to design feed line for my antenna.

CE 2.9

For modification in geometry of antenna I had to used Feko software as magus cannot do that.

Therfore the I imported the design in feko which was created in magus to analyse 3D pattern

geometry and gain of antenna.

Page 14: CAREER EPISODE 1 - mycdrhelp.comFabrication of antenna Testing of antenna with analyzer ... And I choose microstrip antenna for this ... ground plate and patch. The matrial which I

6

After all the design specification were entered in Feko I generted the polar graph which showed

that antenna is transmitting in one direction and the gain is very low 0.07db.

After testing of antenna on feko the antenna was fabricated using FR4 material which I got from

my university lab. And this was then fabricated on Fiber PCB board for antenna feed SMA

connector was soldered on the rear of board.

I used SMA connector because it could be easily attached to the network analyser which I got

from university lab.

CE 2.10

Using network analyzer I was able to perform various tests on fabricated antenna to measure the

real time impedance, return loss and VSWR.

Page 15: CAREER EPISODE 1 - mycdrhelp.comFabrication of antenna Testing of antenna with analyzer ... And I choose microstrip antenna for this ... ground plate and patch. The matrial which I

7

For antennas, the value of VSWR is less than 2. However, after running VSWR test on my

fabricated antenna I Found out VSWR is 2.151 which is slightly more than ideal value and this

antenna is transmitting more power than usual.

After completion of return loss test I was able to conclude that the fabricated antenna is not

reflecting power in great quantity which means great loss and because of this massive power in

not being radiated.

On last test when impedance is matched with frequency it reveals that the antenna is poorly

matched. Because at resonant frequency of 27.9 the impedance appeared at 19.1. Below are the

values obtained after network analyzer test was completed.

For this, I can be concluded that if VSWR of fabricated antenna were 1 then it would have

performed ideally and would be at the center of smith chart.

Page 16: CAREER EPISODE 1 - mycdrhelp.comFabrication of antenna Testing of antenna with analyzer ... And I choose microstrip antenna for this ... ground plate and patch. The matrial which I

8

CE 2.11

After Network testing I connected the device to raspberry pi PC to get the GPS coordinates for

current location. By this real life test, it can be concluded that it can be used in real life situation.

After waiting for several minutes the latitude and longitude were shown and during this process

7 satellites were found the antenna.

CE 2.12

After this I compiled the report and presented to my course professor for examination, a

completed demo was also given to him at university labs. Upon reading the Network test results

professor asked me the reason for poorly matched input impedance with resonant frequency. For

this I had no idea and he gave me another week to conclude this as well.

CE 2.13

I started back tracking the whole process and found and in this process, I even made another

antenna with different material to compare the results and found below mention point for poorly

matched input impedance with resonant frequency.

➢ Poor soldering of SMA connector (Major factor)

➢ The placement of PAD on the PCB.

➢ Fabrication problem.

The major factor effecting is poor soldering and solder present on antenna. As Solder in less

conductive than copper so it tends to heat up and causes the gain of antenna to decrease.

Page 17: CAREER EPISODE 1 - mycdrhelp.comFabrication of antenna Testing of antenna with analyzer ... And I choose microstrip antenna for this ... ground plate and patch. The matrial which I

9

In my antenna design, I used 5 pad on top side and covered them with solder. Soldering also

creates the scatter effect because of bulges on solder joints resulting in increasing return loss

and degradation of antenna’s performance.

As the antenna was not well fabricated and the poorly truncated corner length contributed in

matching input impedance with resonant frequency.

After finding all the Point, I presented revised report containing all the information which

contributed poorly matched input impedance with resonant frequency for final review. In the

end I was greatly appreciated by my professor and was awarded A grade in course.

CE 2.14

Summary

This engineering project increased my knowledge about antennas and how frequencies are being

transmitted. It taught me various ways of increasing bandwidth of given antenna and how types

of antennas are suitable for long ranges. During this project, I leaned the proper planning and

executions are the key factors. To successfully deliver any project one has to execute in an

absolute manner.

Page 18: CAREER EPISODE 1 - mycdrhelp.comFabrication of antenna Testing of antenna with analyzer ... And I choose microstrip antenna for this ... ground plate and patch. The matrial which I

1

CAREER EPISODE 3

INTRODUCTION:

Time duration

Location

Organization

Project

Position

Project Supervisor

Project submitted to

This career episode is about my project named “Design and Construction of Dual Band

Mobile Jammer for GSM 900 & 1800”. This project was carried out and submitted during third

year of Bachelor degree requirement in Electronics & Communication Engineering in

________________________________________________ from ……………..to ………………

CE 3.1

The project was done during the graduate course in Electronics & Communication Engineering

in ____________________. The project was carried out individually under the supervision and

beneficial guidance of _____________________.

BACKGROUND:

CE 3.2

My third career episode describes the project, which I did during my third year of engineering

studies. During studies, I had to study GSM bands which caught my attention and I decided to

design and construct a jamming system I was encouraged by my professor for this project as it

was a unique project among many other options. I was able to complete this project before the

end of my semester and was awarded grade A for my efforts hard work put in this project. The

project was done in congregation with two other team members’. I was leading the group. I took

step being a team leader and solved all the relative issues accordingly. My efficacy as team lead

was even appreciated by the Project Supervisor.

Page 19: CAREER EPISODE 1 - mycdrhelp.comFabrication of antenna Testing of antenna with analyzer ... And I choose microstrip antenna for this ... ground plate and patch. The matrial which I

2

CE 3.3

Jammers are basically electronic devices which are used to stop cell phones from transmitting or

receiving signals from the BTS stations. Without causing any severe interference to other

communication networks the jammers efficiently disable cell phones within the pre-defined

regulated zones. The application mobile jammers are wide-ranging. In terror affected regions of

the world these are used in public places like libraries, mosques, temples, hospitals and in

educational institutes. They are also widely used by military across the globe. When jammers are

activated the cell phone displays NO NETWORK. All incoming calls are automatically blocked

depicting that cell phone is off. Upon switching off the jammers the cell phones automatically re-

establishes communication & provide available services. The mobile jammers were basically

developed to stop certain types of remotely detonated explosives by the military. The civilian

applications are also very common nowadays.

The aim of the project was design & construction of GSM cell phone jammer. The project

objectives were

To design a dual GSM jammer

To simulate & test our design

The Significance of the project was to

Reduce the incidence of noise generated from cell phones when ringing at place where a

level of silence is required

Prevent pupils to use cell phones in university

Prevent hazards caused by cell phone especially in Petrol Pumps and also stop cell phone

use for spying purpose.

CE 3.4

This project was primarily designed by me & was completed in a group of three candidates

including me and for guidance I referred to Head of Department of Electronics &

Communication who was also my project Supervisor,

Page 20: CAREER EPISODE 1 - mycdrhelp.comFabrication of antenna Testing of antenna with analyzer ... And I choose microstrip antenna for this ... ground plate and patch. The matrial which I

3

Fig: Organisational Structure

CE 3.5

The project was done in a group, and my errands in the course of the project were:

1. To design a flowchart of the project

2. Problem Definitions

3. Review of the work done before us

4. Modeling of the system

5. Execution of the project

6. Performance & viability testing of the project

7. Preparation of progress report for project supervisor

PERSONAL ENGINEERING ACTIVITY

CE 3.6

Project Supervisor,

HOD E&C

Lead EngineerEngineer (Electronics &

Communication ) MYSELF

Team Member Engineer (Electronics & Communication)

Team Member Engineer (Electronics & Communication)

Page 21: CAREER EPISODE 1 - mycdrhelp.comFabrication of antenna Testing of antenna with analyzer ... And I choose microstrip antenna for this ... ground plate and patch. The matrial which I

4

I was assigned as Team Lead for this Project. I did a lot of online research to find out some ideas

that have been used to design & construct Mobile Jammers. In addition during the project

lifecycle I had consistent meetings with the team mates & project supervisor in order to discuss

about the problems & difficulties. I also had the task to prepare documents & reports with

diagrams for describing the whole process. Finally, Project report was presented for review of

whole project in which entire process is described.

CE 3.7

I along with my team carried our vast research on the Cell Phone Jamming segment and studied

tons of material over Internet & through libraray books & journals. I went through all the latest

developemnts and keeping them in view I drafted the software/hardware requirements in order to

build the projects.

CE 3.8

In my quest to successfully design and construct a mobile jammer various processes were taken

into consideration. These considerations are stated below.

In order to achieve my aim the first stage of my project was to study various projects done in

relation to our project. Studying the different jammer projects enabled me to make some

decisions on the; type of jammer to implement, frequency range and coverage distance.

Design Parameters

After studying the related work done my designed jammer was based on certain

parameters which include the related frequencies, need of power & successful jamming

distances.

Design and Simulations

With the designs completed the next stage was to have schematic drawings of the many

parts of jamming system circuitry. After my schematic drawings were done simulations

were carried out based on the schematic to ensure that the designs are working and meet

our requirements. The simulations were very important stage in arriving at our goal. For

simulation purpose I implied Multisim software (version 11).

Page 22: CAREER EPISODE 1 - mycdrhelp.comFabrication of antenna Testing of antenna with analyzer ... And I choose microstrip antenna for this ... ground plate and patch. The matrial which I

5

Construction of the Mobile Jammer

With the completion of the simulations and getting the desired results, I proceeded to

construct the jammer circuits. The construction was done using various electronic devices

needed to build the jammer.

Testing and Packaging

The device was tested to ascertain the characteristics of the jamming system such as;

effective jamming, radiated power, etc. Packaging was important to prevent any damage

to the jamming system.

CE 3.9

After tons of hardwork I designed jamming device which was TYPE-A & also commonly known

as D.O.S (Denial of Service). It comprised of transmitting noise persuaded signals over the

identical frequency as frequency band used. The block diagram of my system type is displayed

below which shows the major components i.e. RF, IF sections along with power supply.

CE 3.10

It was eminent to determine the power needed to be transmitted in order to jam the mobile phone

signals within a distance/radius of almost 25meters. Here I took the idyllic signal-to-noise ratio

(S.N.R) and also the thoroughgoing power signal for the receiver of mobile. A very good device

Page 23: CAREER EPISODE 1 - mycdrhelp.comFabrication of antenna Testing of antenna with analyzer ... And I choose microstrip antenna for this ... ground plate and patch. The matrial which I

6

has an SNR of about 9dB. My optimum goal was to determine the output power from the device.

So when I added the path loss to the jamming power I got my target:

For GSM 900:

The minimum signal to noise ratio SNR = 9dB

The maximum signal power at receiver S = -15dBm

The jammer power Jr is calculated as follows: — = 9 dB

Then Jr = S - 9 = -15 -9 = -24dBm

Output jammer power = -24dBm + 60.04 = 36dBm s 4.0 W

For GSM 1800:

The minimum SNR = 9dB and the maximum S = -23dBm

Then, Jr = -23 - 9 = -32dBm

Output jammer power = -32dBm + 65.88 = 33.88dBm = 2.5 W

CE 3.11

An antenna is a key component for wireless communications systems. It can be defined as a

device that allows the coupling of a signal, i.e. RF from a guided medium into free space

(transmitting) or from free space to a guided medium (receiving).

It was difficult for our team to find an appropriate antenna. I played my part and removed this

indiscrimination. With reference to the project I employed an antenna to transmit the RF signals

coming from the VCO through the power amps to free space. The choice or selection of an

antenna was important to achieving our desired goal. Parameters such as the reflection

coefficient, Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), gain and directivity were the factors I

considered in deciding an antenna to deploy for the device.

CE 3.12

As I tested the jamming device, the results were awesome. The device successfully jammed all

the mobile operators which were on GSM 900 & 1800 MHZ.

CE 3.13

I was liable for the groundwork of feasibility study which included technical & economic

consideration of this project. I calculated the whole project cost scrutiny and kept the project

Page 24: CAREER EPISODE 1 - mycdrhelp.comFabrication of antenna Testing of antenna with analyzer ... And I choose microstrip antenna for this ... ground plate and patch. The matrial which I

7

CE 3.14

Summary

The project played significant role in refining my skills as Electronics & Communications

Engineer. In the course of this work a lot of trials were encountered like the choice & design of

antenna. I did research and solved the hindrance according to my technical knowledge. I gained

extensive knowledge of GSM systems & jammers during this project. Also my working as a

team leader was improved and I felt ready to face challenges in the professional career.

Page 25: CAREER EPISODE 1 - mycdrhelp.comFabrication of antenna Testing of antenna with analyzer ... And I choose microstrip antenna for this ... ground plate and patch. The matrial which I

Page 1

Continuing Professional Development

S. No Training Title Start Date Finish Date

Duration Venue Training

Organization

1

Samsung BSS6600 Program Engineering Training

04/06/2012 31/08/2012 3 months City, Country ABC Company

2 Quotation Preparation & Order Processing

01/07/2013 10/07/2013 10 Days City, Country ABC Company

3 Occupational Health & Safety Training

09/04/2016 10/04/2016 2 days City, Country ABC Company

4 Introduction to UMTS

5 Training in NODE B for field Operators

6 Alcatel BTS Field Operator training

7 LTE/SAE System Fundamentals

8 GSM RBS 2X06/2X07/2112 maintenance

9 Advance MATLAB DCS Controller

Page 26: CAREER EPISODE 1 - mycdrhelp.comFabrication of antenna Testing of antenna with analyzer ... And I choose microstrip antenna for this ... ground plate and patch. The matrial which I

Summary Statement of Professional Engineer CDR

Competency Element Summary of application of

the element

Paragraph number

PE1 KNOWLEDGE AND SKILL BASE

PE1.1 Comprehensive, theory-based understanding of the underpinning natural and physical sciences and the engineering fundamentals applicable to the engineering discipline.

I pondered the needed knowledge of physical and natural sciences and have used it to the best of my competences. I did both online & offline Research on GSM & GPS technology before executing project work.

CE 1.2, CE 1.3, CE 2.2, CE 2.3, CE 3.2, CE

3.3

PE1.2 Conceptual understanding of the mathematics, numerical analysis, statistics and computer and information sciences which underpin the engineering discipline.

Mathematics, numerical analysis, statistics and regimented use of computer and information sciences are main emphasis of engineering discipline; I have applied all these skills in the three projects adequately. I calculated the GPS coordinates to draft proper GPS coordination system.

CE 1.2, CE 1.3, CE 1.5, CE 2.2, CE 2.3, CE

2.5, CE 3.2, CE 3.3, CE 3.13

PE1.3 In-depth understanding of specialist bodies of knowledge within the engineering discipline.

From start to end and even after the implementation of the projects, I was enthralled and demonstrated the knowledge I had integrated during my studies has been applied. I defined the purpose of GPS & connected it with microcontroller adequately.

CE 1.3, CE 1.5, CE 2.3, CE 2.5, CE 3.3, CE

3.5, CE 3.6, CE 3.7

Page 27: CAREER EPISODE 1 - mycdrhelp.comFabrication of antenna Testing of antenna with analyzer ... And I choose microstrip antenna for this ... ground plate and patch. The matrial which I

PE1.4 Discernment of knowledge development and research directions within the engineering discipline.

The projects quoted in three episodes were implemented after comprehensive study and analysis. As a team lead I proposed the block diagram for the vehicle tracking & accident reporting using GSM & GPS technology.

CE 1.5, CE 1.6, CE 1.7, CE 2.3, CE 2.6, CE

3.6, CE 3.7, CE 3.8

PE1.5 Knowledge of contextual factors impacting the engineering discipline.

All the projects were based on thorough research and knowledge. I went through all the latest developments in GPS & GSM technology to better understand our research and project direction.

CE 1.6, CE 1.7, CE 2.6. CE 2.7, CE 3.6, CE 3.7,

CE 3.8, CE 3.9

PE1.6 Understanding of the scope, principles, norms, accountabilities and bounds of contemporary engineering practice in the specific discipline.

Showed widespread understanding of the projects and took the lead role, keeping in view all the allied disciplines. I used LVC1GX04 crystal oscillator with GPS module.

CE 1.5, CE 1.6, CE 1.7, CE 2.7, CE 2.8, CE

3.5, CE 3.6, CE 3.7

PE2 ENGINEERING APPLICATION ABILITY

PE2.1 Application of established engineering methods to complex engineering problem solving.

In these projects, I applied well-known engineering approaches to resolve problems. There was an issue in antenna selection. I implied antenna properly for successful jamming results.

CE 1.7, CE 1.11, CE 2.9, CE 2.13, CE 3.8,

CE 3.9, CE 3.11

Page 28: CAREER EPISODE 1 - mycdrhelp.comFabrication of antenna Testing of antenna with analyzer ... And I choose microstrip antenna for this ... ground plate and patch. The matrial which I

PE2.2 Fluent application of engineering techniques, tools and resources.

The practices that I used were credible, while assuring cautious use of available resources. I increased the baud rate for fine communication between GPS & GSM modem.

CE 1.7, CE 1.8, CE 1.9, CE 1.11, CE 2.6, CE

2.7, CE 2.8, CE 3.8, CE 3.9, CE 3.10

PE2.3 Application of systematic engineering synthesis and design processes.

I followed a methodical slant to make designs outstanding and substantial. For modification in geometry of antenna I used FEKO software.

CE 1.7, CE 1.8, CE 1.9, CE 2.9, CE 2.10, CE 3.8,

CE 3.9, CE 3.10, CE 3.11

PE2.4 Application of systematic approaches to the conduct and management of engineering projects.

Since instigation to achievement, I confirmed application of methodical approaches. I used network analyzer to perform tests on the fabricated antenna.

CE 1.8, CE 1.11, CE 2.9, CE 2.10, CE 3.6, CE

3.7, CE 3.8

PE3 PROFESSIONAL AND PERSONAL ATTRIBUTES

PE3.1 Ethical conduct and professional accountability.

As a team member, I kept my attitude highly professional, driven my team members and ensured they were equally valued for their assistances. I went through all the latest developments & drafted the software/hardware requirement for the projects accordingly. I listed components required for the GSM/GPS based project.

CE 1.6, CE 1.8, CE 2.6, CE 2.8, CE 2.9, CE 3.6,

CE 3.7, CE 3.13

Page 29: CAREER EPISODE 1 - mycdrhelp.comFabrication of antenna Testing of antenna with analyzer ... And I choose microstrip antenna for this ... ground plate and patch. The matrial which I

PE3.2 Effective oral and written communication in professional and lay domains.

The projects were all self – explanatory and there was no indecisiveness in communication at any level.

CE 1.2, CE 1.3, CE 1.10, CE 2.6, CE 2.12,

CE 3.6, CE 3.7, CE 3.13

PE3.3 Creative innovative and proactive demeanor.

Being an ardent person, in each project I remained inventive and most visional among my group. I used AT commands to configure GSM Module.

CE 1.7, CE 1.8, CE 1.10, CE 2.9, CE 2.10,

CE 3.8, CE 3.9, CE 3.10

PE3.4 Professional use and management of information.

I assured acceptable and professional use of information in view of allocated projects. I tested the GPS/GSM Vehicle tracking system and documented all the results for presentation to the supervisor.

CE 1.2, CE 1.14, CE 2.11, CE 2.12, CE 3.3,

CE 3.5, CE 3.6, CE 3.7

PE3.5 Orderly management of self and professional conduct.

My professional conduct throughout the projects was up to the standard and highly valued. I developed project management skill after the project completion. This helped me in making firm decision during project execution.

CE 1.6, CE 1.7, CE 2.6, CE 2.8, CE 3.6, CE

3.7, CE 3.13

PE3.6 Effective team membership and team leadership.

The projects I did were done professionally. I left no stone unturned in solving all the issues accordingly in concern with the team mates.

CE 1.2, CE 1.3, CE 1.14, CE 2.2, CE 2.12,

CE 3.3, CE 3.6, CE 3.7