cargill
DESCRIPTION
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http://www.gameswala.com/
A PROJECT REPORT
ON
INDUSTRY VISITS
BY
RAHUL RAMANI
(BBA) (2010 – 2011)
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF
Bachelor of Business Administration
UNIVERSITY OF PUNE
MITSOM College
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CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Mr. RAHUL RAMANI of MAEER’s MITSOM
College has successfully completed the project work in partial fulfillment of
requirement for the award of Bachelor of Business Administration prescribed by
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http://www.gameswala.com/the University of PUNE. This project is the record of authentic work carried out
during the academic year 2010-2011.
Course-in-charge Principal
DECLARATION
I, Mr.RAHUL RAMANI hereby declare that this project is the record of
authentic work carried out by me during the academic year 2010-2011
and has not been submitted to any other University or Institute towards
the award of any degree.
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http://www.gameswala.com/
INDEX
SERIAL NO. NAME OF THE
COMPANY
DATE OF
VISIT
PAGE NO.
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1 CARGILL INDIA PVT
LTD
2 SEMINAR 27TH DEC’2010
3 UNIVERSAL
CONSTRUCTION
MACHINERY
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ORGANIZATION’S PROFILE:
Cargill is an international producer and marketer of food, agricultural, financial and industrial
products and services. Founded in 1865, our privately held company employs 131,000 people in
66 countries.
We help customers succeed through collaboration and innovation, and are committed to sharing
our global knowledge and experience to help meet economic, environmental and social
challenges.
HEADQUARTERS OF CARGILL
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http://www.gameswala.com/ BALTIC STATES, BELGIUM, DENMARK, FINLAND, FRANCE, GERMANY, ITALY,
POLAND, RUSSIA, SPAIN, SWEDEN, THE NETHERLANDS, TURKEY, UNITED
KINGDOM,
CARGILL IN INDIA
Cargill maintains a number of businesses in India, with operations including the handling and
processing of a wide range of products, including refined oils, grain and oilseeds, sugar, cotton
and animal feed. In addition, Cargill develops flavour systems and operates a value investing
business. Our presence in India has been growing since we began a joint venture operation in
1987.
PRODUCTS & SERVICES
Cocoa & Chocolate, Cultures & Enzymes, Flavor, Functional System,
Health Promoting Ingredients, Hydrocolloids, Juices, Mait, Oil & Fats,
Proteins, Starches & Derivatives, Sweeteners
CARGILL GROUP OF COMPANIES
Cargill Refined Oils India imports, refines, sells and markets a wide range of vegetable oils and
fats to wholesale trade, industrial and household consumers across India. they own and operate
three vegetable oil refineries located at PARADIP (Orissa), KANDLA (Gujarat) and
KURKUMBH (Maharashtra). Cargill Refined Oils India has been operating within India since
2005 and employs more than 750 people. These are
(K2)CARGILL INDIA PVT.LTD.,POST-BHIMASAR,TALUKA-
ANJAN,KUTCH-370240(GUJARAT)
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http://www.gameswala.com/ (KK)CARGILL INDIA PVT.LTD.,E-4,E-45,MIDC,KURKUMBH-
413802(MAHARASHTRA)
(PD)CARGILL INDIA PVT.LTD.,OIL TERMINAL ROAD,
ATHARBANKI,JAGATSINGHPUR-754142 (PARADIP)
CARGILL MILESTONES IN INDIA
1987 Cargill Seeds - a joint venture operation - commenced in India.
1994 Cargill starts its fertilizer/crop nutrients operations in India.
1997 Cargill launches its primary sugar and edible oils trading business in India.
1998 Commences grain and oil seeds business in India.
2001 Launches food business under Cargill Foods – launch of brand “Nature Fresh”.
2003 Cargill acquires the Food Flavors business from Duckworth Group UK, and Duckworth
Flavors India becomes part of Cargill India.
Cargill sets up green field edible oil refineries at Kandla and Paradip.
2004 Cargill diversifies its fertilizer business into a joint venture with IMC global. Cargill
India's DAP business renamed as Mosaic India.
2005 Cargill acquires Parakh Foods with brand "Gemini" and sets up a new Business Unit
called Cargill Refined Oils India. This is first business unit with headquarters in India.
Cargill launches SAANJHI UNNATI Program in Rajasthan for development of malt
barley in active collaboration with the Government of Rajasthan and SAB Miller.
2006 Cargill starts its sugar off shoring business to support the execution activities of Cargill
Netherlands.
Cargill sets up CARVAL India Pvt. Ltd
Cargill entered into tolling arrangements with local Soybean crushers in Maharashtra,
Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh
Cargill enters into a joint venture and subsequently owns and leads a shrimp feed
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manufacturing business in Rajahmundry in Andhra Pradesh.
2007 Cargill launches cotton trading business in India.
2008 An independently managed subsidiary of Cargill, Black River Advisor India Pvt.
CUSTOMERS WE SERVE
AGRICULTURE
We originate, process and distribute grain, oilseeds and other commodities to makers of food and
animal nutrition products. We also provide crop and livestock producers with farm services and
products.
FOOD
We collaborate with food manufacturers, food service companies and retailers to provide high-
quality food and beverage ingredients, meat and poultry products, and health promoting
ingredients and ingredient systems.
FINANCIAL
We provide our agricultural, food, financial and energy customers with risk management and
financial solutions in world markets.
INDUSTRIAL
Cargill serves industrial users of salt, starch and steel products. We also develop anmarket
sustainable products made from agricultural feed stocks.
Brands
You may know us from the range of refined sunflower, soy, palm, olein and ground nut oils,
hydrogenated fats and bakery shortenings we market under our national brands, NatureFresh®,
Gemini™ and Purita™, as well as other region-specific brands.
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The most exotic olive
oil from Spain
Person contacted :
Focus Area: Production and Packaging
Theoretical Background of the Focus Area:
Definition:
“Production management deals with decision-making related
to production process so that the resulting goods or service is produced
according to specification in the amount by the schedule demanded and
at minimum cost.”
“Production as a process by which goods and services are
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created.”
- E.S. Buffa
WHAT IS PRODUCTION?
Production is converting raw materials to finished products. It
involves a number of factors to be able to produce the goods and
services that cater to our needs. Production means the development and
creation of goods and services using resources to stimulate exchange. It
is the physical output of a manufacturing or service company.
Production involves three processes – raw materials, work in process and
finished goods. Means of production refer to the concept which
combines the means of labor and the subject of labor. Means of labor
simply means all the things which require labor to transform it. Subject
of labor means the material to work on. Production, therefore, is the
combined resources and equipment needed to come up with goods or
services.
Types of Production Systems:
The various methods of production used at different stages of the overall
production process are:
1. Batch Production.
2. Jobbing Production.
3. Flow Production.
Batch Production:
As businesses grow and production volumes increase, it is not
unusual to see the production process organized so that "Batch methods"
can be used. Batch methods require that the work for any task is divided
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into parts or operations. Each operation is completed through the whole
batch before the next operation is performed. By using the batch
Method, it is possible to achieve specialization of labor. Capital
expenditure can also be kept lower although careful planning is required
to ensure that production equipment is not idle.
Jobbing Production:
With Job production, the complete task is handled by a single
worker or group of workers. Jobs can be small-scale/low technology as
well as complex/high technology.
Low technology jobs: here the organization of production is extremely
simply, with the required skills and equipment easily obtainable. This
method enables customer's specific requirements to be included, often as
the job progresses. High technology jobs: high technology jobs involve
much greater complexity - and therefore present greater management
challenge. The important ingredient in high-technology job production is
project management, or project control.
Flow Production:
Flow has been defined as a "method of production
organization where the task is worked on continuously or where the
processing of material is continuous and progressive."
Flow methods mean that as work on a task at a particular
stage is complete, it must be passed directly to the next stage for
processing without waiting for the remaining tasks in the "batch". When
it arrives at the next stage, work must start immediately on the next
process. In order for the flow to be smooth, the times that each task
requires on each stage must be of equal length and there should be no
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movement off the flow production line.
PACKAGING:
Packaging is the science, art and technology of enclosing or protecting
products for distribution, storage, sale, and use. Packaging also refers to
the process of design, evaluation, and production of packages.
Packaging can be described as a coordinated system of preparing goods
for transport, warehousing, logistics, sale, and end use. Packaging
contains, protects, preserves, transports, informs, and sells. In many
countries it is fully integrated into government, business, institutional,
industrial, and personal use.
Packaging and package labeling have several objectives
Physical protection
Barrier protection
Containment or agglomeration
Information transmission
Marketing
Security
Portion control
Convenience
Pre-requisites Required for Packing, Norms:
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Type of materials to be used for packing.
Name of the Company and Product.
General details of the product.
Product designed.
Ingredients.
Nutritional information.
Date of packing and expiry.
Bar code and batch number.
Symbols of VEG and NON-VEG.
Quantity filled in it.
Details of manufacturing of the product address and
contact number.
Seal and the registration of product under any
organization.
PLANT LAYOUT:
Definition:
Plant layout refers to the arrangement of physical facilities
such as machines, equipment, tools, furniture etc. in such a manner so as
to have quickest flow of material at the lowest cost and with the least
amount of handling in processing the product from the receipt of raw
material to the delivery of the final product.
Plant Layout helps the organization in the Following ways:
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· Proper and efficient utilization of available floor space
· Transportation of work from one point to another point without any
delay
· Proper utilization of production capacity.
· Reduce material handling costs
· Utilize labor efficiently
· Reduce accidents
· Provide for volume and product flexibility
· Provide ease of supervision and control
· Provide for employee safety and health
· Allow easy maintenance of machines and plant.
· Improve productivity.
Types of Plant Layout:
There are mainly four types of plant layout:
(a) Product or line layout
(b) Process or functional layout
(c) Fixed position or location layout
(d) Combined or group layout
1. PRODUCT OR LINE LAYOUT:
In this type of layout the machines and equipments are
arranged in one line depending upon the sequence of operations required
for the product. It is also called as line layout. The material moves to
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another machine sequentially without any backtracking or deviation i.e.
the output of one machine becomes input of the next machine. It requires
a very little material handling.
It is used for mass production of standardized products.
2. PROCESS LAYOUT:
In this type of layout the machines of a similar type are
arranged together at one place. This type of layout is used for batch
production. It is preferred when the product is not standardized and the
quantity produced is very small.
3. COMBINED LAYOUT:
A combination of process & product layout is known as
combined layout.
Manufacturing concerns where several products are produced in
repeated numbers with no likelihood of continuous production,
combined layout is followed.
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4. FIXED POSITION OR LOCATION LAYOUT:
Fixed position layout involves the movement of manpower
and machines to the product which remains stationary. The movement of
men and machines is advisable as the cost of moving them would be
lesser. This type of layout is preferred where the size of the job is bulky
and heavy. Example of such type of layout is locomotives, ships, boilers,
generators, wagon building, aircraft manufacturing, etc.
OBSERVATIONS:
As we reached the place the security at the gate was
commendable.
We were then taken to the rest room where we were divided into
two groups.
After that, we were given the refreshments.
Then the observation can divided into 2 parts:
Presentation.
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Plant Visit.
Presentation:
1. The presentation was given to us about the refineries in India.
Kandla in Gujarat, Kurkumbh plant in Pune which is biggest
amongst three, Paradeep plant in Orissa which is like Cargill
Malasiya.
2. The person who presented the presentation “Mr. Nitin
Choudhary” made the session very interactive and shared the
knowledge about different sources of energy, need of oil.
3. We also got to know the Gemini product produced with the joint
venture between Parakh Foods and Cargill.
4. In Presentation we saw that the crude oil contains the main
impurities like free fatty Acid, Sludge & fines, coloring bodies,
gummy material, odoriferous bodies, moisture, wax,
hydrocarbons.
5. For that crude oil treatment, we saw the 5 stages of refining
process. It includes:
Degumming (remove gums),
Neutralization (removes free fatty Acid),
Bleaching (removes color),
Deodorization (removes odor),
Filling and Packaging.
6. We were also shown the various social activities undertaken by
Cargill India.
7. In presentation, we also came to know that the main customers of
Cargill are:
Mc Donald Pantaloon ITC
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Cipla
Britania Parle Asian Paints
ICI Paint
Fun Food Nestle Craft Food
Haldiram
8. Lastly the session was ended with some questions and answers.
Plant Visit:
The company was situated far away from the city and all
environmental issues were taken into considerations.
The premise of the company was very clean and maintained.
They have an excellent Quality Management System.
We were then provided with the safety caps and helmet for the
visit of the production plant.
The Cargill Company is very strict regarding the safety
measures. Various charts were put on the wall giving very useful
instructions about the safety measures and safety tips for the
employees as well as visitors.
The production process was done under the strict supervision of
the engineers.
The production process includes the conversion of crude oil into
good or refined oil and the oil gets color through production
process by the combination of red, yellow and green color.
We also saw the refining process including the 5 stages of
refining like Degumming, Neutralization, Bleaching,
Deodorization, Filling and Packaging.
After refining process, we also saw the difference in the color of
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crude oil and refined oil in the glass jar.
The workers at the factory were in the uniform of the company.
Then we were taken to the packaging section. In the packaging
section, the flooring was slippery so the workers were provided
the proper shoes and hand gloves.
There were 2 types of packaging done in the plant:
Cans,
Pouches.
In 1 hour, 600 cans were packed. This was the
capacity of that Packing Machine.
Along with packaging, labeling was also done here.
The packed product was then rechecked by the workers.
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SEMINAR
ON SERVICE MARKRTING AND
ITS APPLICABILITY IN
BANKING, INSURANCE, AND
MUTUAL FUND
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http://www.gameswala.com/
BY: SANDEEP SAHASTRABUDHI
What are Services:
“A service is an activity that one party offers another that is essentially intangible and
does not result in the ownership of anything. Its production may or may not be tied to a physical
product.” -Philip Kotler
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http://www.gameswala.com/ A service is the action of doing something for someone or something. It is largely
intangible, i.e., not material. A service tends to be an experience that is consumed at the point,
where it is purchased and cannot be owned since is quickly perishes. Services are defined in
conventional economic literature as “intangible goods.”
What is marketing:
Definitions:
“Marketing is a process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion,
and distribution of ideas, goods and services to create exchange that satisfy individual and
organizational objectives.” - American Marketing Association.
“Marketing is a human activity directed at satisfying needs and wants through exchange
processes.” -Philip Kotler.
Marketing occupies an important place in the organization of a business unit. The
traditional view of marketing, ‘Caveat Emptor’, i.e., let the buyer beware, underwent a sea
change at turn of the century and has transformed into ‘Caveat Vendor’, i.e., let the seller
beware. With this philosophy, the consumer has become the focal point of all marketing
activities. Customers’ needs are the starting point for all marketing activities. Marketing manager
try to identify these needs and develop products, which can satisfy customers’ needs through an
exchange process.
What is Service Marketing:
Service marketing is a subfield of marketing, which can be split into the two main
areas of goods marketing (which includes the marketing of fast moving consumer goods
(FMCG) and durables) and services marketing. Service marketing typically refers to both
business to consumer (B2C) and business to business (B2B) services, and includes marketing of
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http://www.gameswala.com/services like telecommunications services, financial services, all types of hospitality services, car
rental services, air travel, health care services and professional services.
Services are economic activities offered by one party to another. Often time-based,
performances bring about desired results to recipients, objects, or other assets for which
purchasers have responsibility. In exchange for money, time, and effort, service customers
expect value from access to goods, labor, professional skills, facilities, networks, and systems;
but they do not normally take ownership of any of the physical elements involved.
Intangibility of Service Marketing :
Unlike product, a service cannot have a real and physical presence. A service cannot be
seen, tasted, felt, heard or smelt. A service tends to be an experience that is consumed at the
point where it is purchased and cannot be owned since it quickly perishes. Since, services are not
tangible; they do not feature that to appeal to the customer’s sense.
Tangibility allows customers do not assess quality by using sense and choice criteria.
Therefore, marketers use various tangible elements such as, infrastructure in hotel,
advertisement, qualification of doctors in hospitals, etc. to convey quality of a service.
Features of Services:
1. Perishability
2. Inseparability
3. Non-Ownership
4. Heteroginity.
1. Perishability:
Services are deeds, performances or act whose consumption take place simultaneously. It
refers to the fact that services cannot be saved, stored, resold or returned. They tend to perish
in the absence of consumption. The services go waste if they are consumed simultaneously.
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http://www.gameswala.com/The perishable character of services adds to the service marketers problems. The inability of
service sector to regulate supply with the changes in demand; poses many quality
management problems. Hence, service quality level deteriorates during peak hours in
restaurants, banks, transportation, etc; this is a challenge for a service marketer.
2. Inseparability:
A service is inseparable from the point where it is consumed and from the provider of a
service. For example, a doctor cannot operate form long distances or an
Accountant cannot audit financial records form long distances. Services are produced and
consumed at the same time, unlike goods which may be manufactured, then stored for latter
distribution. Thus, the services provider is a part of a service. For example, a taxi driver drives
a taxi and the passenger uses the service. Here, the presence of a taxi driver is essential to
provide the service to its customers.
3. Non-Ownership:
Lack of ownership refers that customers receive only the right to a service process and it is
assumed that payment for services and not physical transfer of ownership to customers. The
customer never owns anything at the end of the transactions. Customers view the lack of
ownership of a service as a perceived risk. Firstly, they are presented with the uncertainty as
to whether the right service has been obtained and secondly, with the uncertainty about the
consequences of the service purchase. The inability to own a service also has direct
implications on the distribution of services.
4. Heteroginity:
Services are highly Heterogeneous, as they depend on the service provider and where and
when they are provided. Heteroginity in services occurs due the one-on-one interaction
between service providers and a customer, both of whom are subject to vagaries.
For example, a concert performed by a group on two different nights is bound to
differ as no one can perform exactly in the same manner. Heterogeneity is high in the case of
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http://www.gameswala.com/labor intensive and high-contract services. Even, service buyers are aware of this
Heteroginity. Hence, service firms should try to attain consistency in their services by
selecting good and qualified personnel.
Marketing Mix:
According to Prof. Neil H. Borden “Marketing mix refers to the apportionment of
effort, the combination, the designing and the integration of the elements of marketing into a
programmers or mix which on the basis of an appraisal of the market force will be best
achieve the objective of an enterprise at a given time.”
“Marketing Mix is the set of controllable marketing variables that the firm blends to produce
the response it wants in the target market.”
Marketing Mix is one of the important concepts in modern Marketing. The concept of
marketing mix was first used or coined in the year 1953 by Professor “Neil H. Borden”.
Marketing mix is the combination of the four controllable variables, which constitute the core
of a company’s marketing system. These four controllable variables are:
The product;
The price;
The promotion;
The placement.
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These elements are interrelated and interdependent since decisions in one area usually affect
actions in the others.
7 P’s of Services Marketing:
1. Product
2. Price
3. Place
4. Promotion
5. People
6. Process
7. Physical evidence
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1. PRODUCT:
Product definition is a critical starting point in the development of any new product. Yet for its
importance, there are a number of common shortcomings to the process of product definition in
many companies:
No defined product strategy or product plan
Lack of formal requirements as a basis for initiating product development
Product requirements developed without true customer input
A marketing requirement specification (MRS) that is completed late - after development
is underway
A company doesn't blindly respond to customer needs and opportunities. A business strategy
which defines customers and markets to be served, competitors, and competitive strengths
provides a framework from which to evaluate potential opportunities. The result of this
evaluation of opportunities is expressed in a product plan.
2. PRICE:
To determine if a particular service is “worth it”, customers go beyond monetary considerations
and assess the outlays of their time and effort. Thus, service marketers must set prices that target
customers are willing and able to pay and minimize other burdensome outlays that are incurred.
These may include additional monetary expense in traveling, time expenditures, unwanted
mental and physical effort and exposure to negative sensory experiences.
3. PLACE:
This term really refers to any way that the customer can obtain a product or receive a service.
Provision of a product or service can occur via any number of distribution channels, such as in a
retail store, through the mail, via downloadable files, on a cruise ship, in a hair salon, etc. The
ease and options through which you can make your product or service available to your
customers will have an effect on your sales volume. The number of branches OF AXIS: 1900 in
India and 33 in Mumbai.
4. PROMOTION:
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http://www.gameswala.com/In services marketing is also educational in nature, especially for new customers. Suppliers need
to teach these customers about the benefits of the service, where and when to obtain it, and how
to participate in service processes to get the best results. This can be delivered via individuals
such as salespeople, at websites, on display screens in self-service equipment and through a
variety of advertising media.
5. PEOPLE:
An essential ingredient to any service provision is the use of appropriate staff and people.
Recruiting the right staff and training them appropriately in the delivery of their service is
essential if the organization wants to obtain a form of competitive advantage
6. PROCESS:
Process of delivering the service is very often as important as the function of the service.
Operational inputs and outputs can vary widely due to the lack of inventory and real time
interaction involved. Nonetheless, variability can be reduced through careful design of the
customer service process, adopting standardized procedures, implementing rigorous management
of service quality, high standards of training, and automation. Furthermore, customers are often
involved in co-production as partial employees through self-service, telecommunications and the
Internet.
7. PHYSICAL EVIDENCE:
Where is the service being delivered? Physical Evidence is the element of the service mix which
allows the consumer again to make judgments on the organization. If you walk into a restaurant
your expectations are of a clean, friendly environment. On an aircraft if you travel first class you
expect enough room to be able to lay down!
Difference between Services and Physical Good:
SERVICES PHYSICAL GOOD
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It is Intangible. It is Tangible.
It is Heterogeneous. It is Homogeneous.
Productions, consumption,
distribution, are simultaneous process.
Production and distribution are
separated from consumption.
An Activity or process A thing
Core value produced in the buyer-
seller interaction
Core value processed in factory
Customers does not participate in
production
Customers participate in production
Cannot be stored in stock Can be kept in stock
No transfer of ownership Transfer of ownership
Banking:
With years, banks are also adding services to their customers. The Indian banking
industry is passing through a phase of customers market. The customers have more choices in
choosing their banks. A competition has been established within the banks operating in India.
With stiff competition and advancement of technology, the service provided by banks has
become more easy and convenient. The past days are witness to an hour wait before
withdrawing cash from accounts or a cheque from north of the country being cleared in one
month in the south.
This section of banking deals with the latest discovery in the banking instruments along with the
polished version of their old systems.
A large worldwide Financial Institution setup a debit card pilot in Bangalore, India. The
basic business proposition was to test the marketing and financial viability of opening up a mass
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http://www.gameswala.com/base through a remote-access-only savings account product and then cross-selling various funds
and fee based products through a carefully crafted life stage marketing program.
Remote access was through ATM centers, touch screen kiosks, Internet banking, debit card
machines and phone banking. Internet banking was a key remote access tool, because of low
transaction service costs and for the ability of the channel to put the customer in charge. The
initial Internet banking offerings were Information retrieval (Statements, Account Balance, etc),
and Intra-relationships Account transfers. Customer research quickly revealed that customers
wanted a comprehensive range of services, and payment of Utility Bills figured high in their
wish lists. Releasing a full-function Utility Bills payment system would also result in competitive
advantage and enhance the technology profile.
According to RBI's 'Quarterly Statistics on Deposits and Credit of Scheduled Commercial
Banks: June 2010', nationalized banks, as a group, accounted for 51.3 per cent of the aggregate
deposits, while State Bank of India (SBI) and its associates accounted for 22.8 per cent. The
share of new private sector banks, Old private sector banks, Foreign banks and Regional Rural
banks in aggregate deposits was 13 per cent, 4.8 per cent, 5.1 per cent and 3.1 per cent
respectively.
With respect to gross bank credit also, nationalized banks hold the highest share of 51.5 per cent
in the total bank credit, with SBI and its associates at 23.2 per cent and New Private sector banks
at 13 per cent. Foreign banks, Old private sector banks and Regional Rural banks held relatively
lower shares in the total bank credit with 5.3 per cent, 4.6 per cent and 2.5 per cent respectively.
Banks Products and services:
Corporate Banking
Retail Banking
International Banking
Investment Banking
Treasury
Capital and Commodities Market
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http://www.gameswala.com/ NRI Services
Online Banking
Marketing Mix in Banking Industry:
PRODUCT MIX:
Deposits
Savings Account
Senior Citizen Service
Fixed Deposits
Recurring Deposits
Roaming current Account
Salary Account
PRICING MIX:
The pricing decisions or the decisions related to interest and fee or commission charged
by banks are found instrumental in motivating or influencing the target market.
The RBI and the IBA are concerned with regulations. The rate of interest is regulated by the RBI
and other charges are controlled by IBA.
The banking organizations are required to frame two- fold strategies. First, the strategy
is concerned with interest and fee charged and the second strategy is related to the interest paid.
Since both the strategies throw a vice- versa impact, it is important that banks attempt to
establish a correlation between two. It is essential that both the buyers as well as the sellers have
feeling of winning.
PLACE MIX:
This component of marketing mix is related to the offering of services. The services are sold
through the branches.
http://www.gameswala.com/
http://www.gameswala.com/The 2 important decision making areas are: making available the promised services to the
ultimate users and selecting a suitable place for bank branches.
Location of Branch
Location of ATMS
Why to select particular place as branch?
The selection of a suitable place for the establishment of a branch is significant with the view
point of making place accessible.
PROMOTION MIX:
Advertising: Television, radio, movies, theatres
Print media: hoardings, newspaper, magazines
Publicity: road shows, campus visits, sandwich man, Sponsorship
Sales promotion: gifts, discount and commission, incentives, etc.
Personal selling: Cross-sale (selling at competitors place), personalized service.
Telemarketing: source Call center (mind space)
PEOPLE:
All people directly or indirectly involved in the consumption of banking services are an
important part of the extended marketing mix. Knowledge Workers, Employees, Management
and other Consumers often add significant value to the total product or service offering. It is the
employees of a bank which represent the organization to its customers.
In a bank organization, employees are essentially the contact personnel with customer.
Therefore, an employee plays an important role in the marketing operations of a service
organization.
PROCESS:
http://www.gameswala.com/
http://www.gameswala.com/ Flow of activities
Standardization
Customization
Number of steps
Simplicity
PHYSICAL EVIDENCE:
Physical evidence is the material part of a service. Strictly speaking there are no physical
attributes to a service, so a consumer tends to rely on material cues. There are many examples of
physical evidence, including some of the following:
Internet/web pages
Paperwork
Brochures
Furnishings
Business cards
The building itself (such as prestigious offices or scenic headquarters)
The physical evidences also include signage, reports, punch lines, other tangibles, employee’s
dress code etc.
INSURANCE:
Insurance is a form of risk management primarily used to hedge against the risk of a
contingent, uncertain loss. Insurance is defined as the equitable transfer of the risk of a loss, from
one entity to another, in exchange for payment. The insurance rate is a factor used to determine
the amount to be charged for a certain amount of insurance coverage, called the premium. Risk
management, the practice of appraising and controlling risk, has evolved as a discrete field of
study and practice. An insurer is a company selling the insurance; an insured, or policyholder, is
the person or entity buying the insurance policy.
http://www.gameswala.com/
http://www.gameswala.com/The transaction involves the insured assuming a guaranteed and known relatively small
loss in the form of payment to the insurer in exchange for the insurer's promise to compensate
(indemnify) the insured in the case of a financial (personal) loss. The insured receives a contract,
called the insurance policy, which details the conditions and circumstances under which the
insured will be financially compensated.
Common Characteristics:
Accident loss
Affordable Premium
Calculable loss
Definite loss
Limited risk of catastrophically large losses
Larger risk.
Large number similar exposure unit.
About Life Insurance Company:
The Parliament of India passed the Life Insurance Corporation Act on the 19th of
June 1956, and the Life Insurance Corporation of India was created on 1st September, 1956, with
the objective of spreading life insurance. Today LIC functions with 2048 fully computerized
branch offices, 109 divisional offices, 8 zonal offices, 992 satellite offices and the corporate
office. LIC’s Wide Area Network covers 109 divisional offices and connects all the branches
through a Metro Area Network.
LIC has tied up with some Banks and Service providers to offer on-line premium
collection facility in selected cities. LIC’s ECS and ATM premium payment facility is an
addition to customer convenience. Apart from on-line Kiosks and IVRS, Info Centers have been
commissioned at Mumbai, Ahmadabad, Bangalore, Chennai, Hyderabad, Kolkata, New Delhi,
Pune and many other cities. With a vision of providing easy access to its policyholders, LIC has
launched its SATELLITE SAMPARK offices.
http://www.gameswala.com/
http://www.gameswala.com/ The satellite offices are smaller, leaner and closer to the customer. The digitalized
records of the satellite offices will facilitate anywhere servicing and many other conveniences in
the future.
Marketing Mix in Insurance Industry:
PRODUCT MIX:
The formulation of product mix for the insurance business makes it significant to take a look at
the services and schemes of insurance organizations. The product portfolio is known and the
process of formulating a package should be known. It is natural that the users expect a
reasonable return for their investments. It is quite natural that the insurance organizations want to
maximize profitability. Both of these dimensions are found interrelated.
PROMOTION MIX:
With the advent of private players in the insurance, companies resort to rampant promotion.
Promotion mix for this sector is as follows:
Advertisement
Publicity
Sales Promotion
Telemarketing
World Wide Web
PRICE MIX:
In the insurance business, the pricing decisions are concerned with the premium charged against
the policies interest charged for defaulting the payment of premiums & credit facilities,
commission charged for underwriting & consultancy services. The formulation of pricing
http://www.gameswala.com/
http://www.gameswala.com/strategies becomes significant with the viewpoint of influencing the target market or prospects.
To be more specific in the Indian context where the disposable income in the hands of prospects
is found low, the increasing inflationary pressure has been instrumental in contracting the
discretionary income, the increasing consumerism has been making an assault on the saving
potentials of masses, it is pertinent that the insurance organizations in general & public sector
insurance organizations in particular adopt such a strategy for pricing that makes it a
motivational tool & paves the ways for increasing the insurance business. Of course, a
motivational pricing strategy is required to be given due weight age. This necessitates a new
vision for setting premium structure & paying the bonus & charging the interest.
PLACE:
The first component of the marketing mix is related to the place decisions in which our focus
would be on the two important facets – managing the insurance personnel and locating a branch.
The management of agents and insurance personnel is found significant with the viewpoint of
maintaining the norms for offering the services. This is also to process the services to the end
user in such a way that a gap between the services- promised and services – offered is bridged
over. In a majority of the service generating organizations, such a gap is found existent which
has been instrumental in aggravating the image problem.
PEOPLE:
People are most important component of marketing mix for the insurance industry.
Sophistication in the process of technological advances makes the ways for the personnel in such
a way that an organization succeeds in making possible a productive utilization of technologies
used or likely to be used. Professional qualification requirements change as technological
develops & evolves. The use of computers microcomputers, fax machines, sophisticated
telephonic service, e-mailing, intra-net service have been found throwing a big impact on the
perception of quality of service. This makes it essential that the insurance organizations also
think in favor of developing personnel in line with the development and use of information
technologies.
http://www.gameswala.com/
http://www.gameswala.com/PHYSICAL EVIDENCE:
Physical evidence includes facility design, equipment, signage, employee dress, tangibles,
reports & statements.
MUTUAL FUNDS:
Mutual funds have become extremely popular over the last 20 years. What was once just another
obscure financial instrument is now a part of daily lives. More than 80 million people, or one
half of the households in America, invest in mutual funds. That means that, in the United States
alone, trillions of dollars are invested in mutual funds. In fact, too many people, investing means
buying mutual funds. It’s common knowledge that investing in mutual funds is better than
simply letting your cash waste away in a savings account, but, for most people, that's where the
understanding of funds ends. It doesn't help that mutual fund salespeople speak a strange
language that is interspersed with jargon that many investors don't understand.
Originally, mutual funds were heralded as a way for the little guy to get a piece of the
market. Instead of spending all free time buried in the financial pages of the Wall Street Journal,
all had to do was buy a mutual fund and would be set on the way to financial freedom. As might
have guessed, it's not that easy. Mutual funds are an excellent idea in theory, but, in reality, they
haven't always delivered. Not all mutual funds are created equal, and investing in mutuals isn't as
easy as throwing money at the first salesperson who solicits business.
A mutual fund is a common pool of money into which investors with common
investment objectives place their contributions that are to be invested, in accordance with the
stated objective of the scheme. The investment manager invests the money collected into assets
that are defined by the stated objective of the scheme. For example, an Equity fund would invest
in Equity and Equity related instruments and a Debt fund would invest in Bonds, Debentures and
Gilts etc.
http://www.gameswala.com/
http://www.gameswala.com/
UNIVERSAL CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY
ORGANIZATIONAL PROFILE:
Universal has always believed in itself and built its foundations in the faith of growing beyond a
sound manufacturing company from India. To compete effectively in the global market, they
seek to achieve international standards, raise quality benchmarks in technological breakthrough
and set standard quality bars etc. It is an ISO certified company and is engaged in selling a wide
range of world class construction equipments backed by quality after sales service.
Universal formed 34 years ago at WARJE, PUNE by MR.ROHIDASS More, who is the founder
and the Chairman of Universal. He started the company in 1974. Universal began with a humble
beginning. It provided its own produce like oil lubrication pumps and gear boxes to major
industrial giants. The company supplies concrete construction equipment & machinery to many a
large & small construction units all across the country. It has associate offices all over India at
Delhi, Mumbai, Nagpur, Ahmedabad & Bangalore. Having a factory at Shirval, Pune, the
company boasts of varied clients including L&T.
Universal supplies 50% of its produce to illustrious companies. Universal never failed to take
part in events which would give them opportunities to show and improve their talents and
competencies.
http://www.gameswala.com/
http://www.gameswala.com/The company is now concentrating its resources on producing innovative series of concrete
batching plant which includes three types of series- the on wheels in line universal & mobile.
The most in demand machinery of this company is the ‘reversible mix’ which moves clockwise
and anti-clockwise. It comes in three series- Rn 800, Rn 1050 & Rn 1400. The company has also
received many awards such as Bharat Vikas, Vastu 96, Buildmat 95, Mega Expo96. Since the
company has been around for such a long era it has grown in market competence and
functionality.
Universal has achieved great heights due to its expertise and detailed execution in the past years.
It has got many opportunities to test its metal in the course of time. In the mid-80s, Universal had
a chance to display its expertise by working on a project for DRDO (Defense Research &
Development Organization).
Universal put in all its efforts to come up with a Nitric acid pump to be used in the country’s
combat weapon - the PRITHVI missile. The topping on the cake was when Dr. APJ ABDUL
KALAM - Ex President of India personally tested the pump at Hyderabad and approved of its
use in missiles - as an import substitute.
The turning point for Universal came in the year 1982 when a friend of MR.ROHIDASS More
requested him to develop a Concrete block-making machine. The manufacturing of this
equipment was a success and this encouraged Mr. More into the Construction Equipment
manufacturing frame.
With a workforce of 30 to 40 workers Universal started the manufacturing of its small Concrete
Mixers at its WARJE workshop, which was set up in the year 1991. In the same year Universal
achieved yet another striking goal by exporting its first ever produce SRI LANKA. The
WARJE workshop was full of enthusiasm and production of Construction Equipment was in full
flow.
At present there are 1200 workmen employed in the organization.
It has ISO 9001:2001 certification and is going for 14001 and OHSAS 18001
There are 3 units of Universal spread across 25 acres and the 4th plant is under construction.
They export their products to 32 different countries and they have distributors in 10 countries.
They have 14 zonal offices and 33+ associate office dealers.
http://www.gameswala.com/
http://www.gameswala.com/They have various modes of advertising through regional officers, marketing officers brand
ambassadors, presentations and Tele marketing.
20 % of their business in through exports out of which 40% is AFRICAN countries . 80
to 95 % goes to developing countries.
They own a patent in the process of the drum making machine.
The turnover of the organization is around 125crores
MISSION: Universal’s quest to reach the pinnacle in technology based construction solutions is
powered by an even greater desire to be socially responsible, to conduct business in superior
service values and to provide consistent innovations for a better life.
VISION: To be the largest Construction Manufacturing Equipment Company beyond
boundaries by meeting the world class standards through strong R&D efforts, sophisticated
manufacturing equipment, strong after sales support and global reach.
NAME OF THE PERSON CONTACTE
THEORETICAL BACKGROUND OF THE FOCUS AREA:
MANUFACTURING
Manufacturing is the use of machines, tools and labor to produce goods for use or sale. The term
may refer to a range of human activity, from handicraft to high tech, but is most commonly
applied to industrial production, in which raw materials are transformed into finished goods on a
large scale. Such finished goods may be used for manufacturing other, more complex products,
such as aircraft, household appliances or automobiles, or sold to wholesalers, who in turn sell
them to retailers, who then sell them to end users – the "consumers".
http://www.gameswala.com/
http://www.gameswala.com/Manufacturing takes turns under all types of economic systems. In a free market economy,
manufacturing is usually directed toward the mass production of products for sale to consumers
at a profit. In a collectivist economy, manufacturing is more frequently directed by the state to
supply a centrally planned economy. In free market economies, manufacturing occurs under
some degree of government regulation.
Modern manufacturing includes all intermediate processes required for the production and
integration of a product's components. Some industries, such as semiconductor and steel
manufacturers use the term fabrication instead.
The manufacturing sector is closely connected with engineering and industrial design. Examples
of major manufacturers in the North America include General Motors Corporation, General
Electric, and Pfizer. Examples in Europe include Volkswagen Group, Siemens, and Michelin.
Examples in Asia include Toyota, Samsung, and Bridgestone.
TYPES OF SECONDARY (MANUFACTURING) INDUSTRY
Secondary (manufacturing) industries make goods from raw material and/or assemble parts made
by other companies.
Manufacturing industry can be divided into 3 divisions:
1. Heavy
2. Light
High-tech
TYPES OF MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
Types of Manufacturing Industries
Manufacturing is a huge component of the modern economy. Everything from knitting to oil
extraction to steel production falls under the description of manufacturing. The concept of
http://www.gameswala.com/
http://www.gameswala.com/manufacturing rests upon the idea of transforming raw materials, either organic or inorganic,
into products that are usable by society. The American Bureau of Labor Statistics classifies
manufacturing into hundreds of subfields and sub-subfields. This list will simplify these into
six general sectors.
CLOTHING AND TEXTILES
Clothing and textiles are based around the processing of raw wool to make cloth, as well as
knitting and sewing these to make garments. This industry includes tailors and all involved
with fabric and sewing. It also includes all uses of wool and other raw products to make
towels and sheets. Synthetics such as polyester are included under chemical manufacturing.
The material, not the product, is at the center of defining this sector.
PETROLEUM, CHEMICALS AND PLASTICS
This sector is involved in changing chemicals, coal and crude oil into usable products. Parts
of this sector include the making of soaps, resins, paints and pesticides. This also includes the
manufacturing of medicines. Rubber manufacturing is considered a part of plastic work. Of
course, it also includes the use of crude oil to make certain plastics, as well as gasoline and
other chemicals.
ELECTRONICS, COMPUTERS AND TRANSPORT
These fields are closely related, though usually they are treated as different fields. Many
products in this field use electric power, and all use a power source. This field includes all
appliances and micro-processors, semi-conductors and chips. It also includes all audio-visual
http://www.gameswala.com/
http://www.gameswala.com/equipment. The transportation sector is self-defining, including all automobiles, trains and
planes that do not fall under other sectors, such as metal work or chemical manufacturing.
FOOD
Food, agriculture and livestock-raising is the simplest of all manufacturing industries. The
inclusion of agriculture today into manufacturing shows how agriculture has changed over
the years, imitating more a factory for food production than an organic-style farm of
centuries ago. This sector includes all forms of food production, from the farm to the dinner
table, including things like canning and purifying.
METALS
Along with oil and chemical manufacturing, metals also are part of what is often called
"heavy industry," while the remainder of the sectors are occasionally called "light industry,"
or "consumer-oriented industry." Metals includes all iron, aluminum and steel manufacturing,
as well as the skills of forging, engraving, coating and stamping.
Wood, Leather and Paper
3. These products are all rather simple to define and understand. Wood includes all forms of
manufacturing floors or housing, as well as sawing and laminating. Leather includes all
tanning and curing (while the creation of leather clothes falls under textiles). The paper
process is typified by the cleansing of raw wood pulp into paper products of various
kinds.
THEORETICAL BACKGROUND OF THE FOCUS AREA:
MANUFACTURING
http://www.gameswala.com/
http://www.gameswala.com/Manufacturing is the use of machines, tools and labor to produce goods for use or sale. The term
may refer to a range of human activity, from handicraft to high tech, but is most commonly
applied to industrial production, in which raw materials are transformed into finished goods on a
large scale. Such finished goods may be used for manufacturing other, more complex products,
such as aircraft, household appliances or automobiles, or sold to wholesalers, who in turn sell
them to retailers, who then sell them to end users – the "consumers".
Manufacturing takes turns under all types of economic systems. In a free market economy,
manufacturing is usually directed toward the mass production of products for sale to consumers
at a profit. In a collectivist economy, manufacturing is more frequently directed by the state to
supply a centrally planned economy. In free market economies, manufacturing occurs under
some degree of government regulation.
Modern manufacturing includes all intermediate processes required for the production and
integration of a product's components. Some industries, such as semiconductor and steel
manufacturers use the term fabrication instead.
The manufacturing sector is closely connected with engineering and industrial design. Examples
of major manufacturers in the North America include General Motors Corporation, General
Electric, and Pfizer. Examples in Europe include Volkswagen Group, Siemens, and Michelin.
Examples in Asia include Toyota, Samsung, and Bridgestone.
TYPES OF SECONDARY (MANUFACTURING) INDUSTRY
Secondary (manufacturing) industries make goods from raw material and/or assemble parts made
by other companies.
Manufacturing industry can be divided into 3 divisions:
4. Heavy
5. Light
6. High-tech
http://www.gameswala.com/
http://www.gameswala.com/
PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING
TYPES OF MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
Types of Manufacturing Industries
Manufacturing is a huge component of the modern economy. Everything from knitting to oil
extraction to steel production falls under the description of manufacturing. The concept of
manufacturing rests upon the idea of transforming raw materials, either organic or inorganic, into
http://www.gameswala.com/
http://www.gameswala.com/products that are usable by society. The American Bureau of Labor Statistics classifies
manufacturing into hundreds of subfields and sub-subfields. This list will simplify these into six
general sectors.
CLOTHING AND TEXTILES
Clothing and textiles are based around the processing of raw wool to make cloth, as well as
knitting and sewing these to make garments. This industry includes tailors and all involved with
fabric and sewing. It also includes all uses of wool and other raw products to make towels and
sheets. Synthetics such as polyester are included under chemical manufacturing. The material,
not the product, is at the center of defining this sector.
PETROLEUM, CHEMICALS AND PLASTICS
This sector is involved in changing chemicals, coal and crude oil into usable products. Parts of
this sector include the making of soaps, resins, paints and pesticides. This also includes the
manufacturing of medicines. Rubber manufacturing is considered a part of plastic work. Of
course, it also includes the use of crude oil to make certain plastics, as well as gasoline and other
chemicals.
ELECTRONICS, COMPUTERS AND TRANSPORT
These fields are closely related, though usually they are treated as different fields. Many products
in this field use electric power, and all use a power source. This field includes all appliances and
micro-processors, semi-conductors and chips. It also includes all audio-visual equipment. The
transportation sector is self-defining, including all automobiles, trains and planes that do not fall
under other sectors, such as metal work or chemical manufacturing.
FOOD
http://www.gameswala.com/
http://www.gameswala.com/Food, agriculture and livestock-raising is the simplest of all manufacturing industries. The
inclusion of agriculture today into manufacturing shows how agriculture has changed over the
years, imitating more a factory for food production than an organic-style farm of centuries ago.
This sector includes all forms of food production, from the farm to the dinner table, including
things like canning and purifying.
METALS
Along with oil and chemical manufacturing, metals also are part of what is often called "heavy
industry," while the remainder of the sectors are occasionally called "light industry," or
"consumer-oriented industry." Metals includes all iron, aluminum and steel manufacturing, as
well as the skills of forging, engraving, coating and stamping.
Wood, Leather and Paper
These products are all rather simple to define and understand. Wood includes all forms of
manufacturing floors or housing, as well as sawing and laminating. Leather includes all tanning
and curing (while the creation of leather clothes falls under textiles). The paper process is
typified by the cleansing of raw wood pulp into paper products of various kinds.
OBSERVATIONS:
REFRENCE TO GENERAL AND PLANT VISIT:
http://www.gameswala.com/
http://www.gameswala.com/The first observation that was made was that we were briefed about the company’s functioning
and safety standards before entering the work place and then a question and answer session was
held before leaving the company where we were asked if we had any questions which we would
like to be answered about the company’s approach.
Various questions such as the company’s market share in India, the effect of recession on the
company, and the competitors of the company were asked.
Universal construction’s main competitors are mainly from abroad, in countries like China and
Korea. The market share of Universal in India is 50%. Due to recession the production of
Universal has declined by 15% but to counter this Universal has introduced 15 new products.
Universal deals with customers directly. Universal also takes care of the safety measures of the
workers. Each unit has a separate dispensary with full fledged medicine and compounder.
Also before we were taken for a tour around the shop-floor we were asked to wear helmets as a
safety measure.
Universal follows Job Production for certain units and Mass Production for certain units. Also it
follows the Process type of layout.
PRODUCT LINE:
Company manufactures various products and some of them are shown below:
BATCHING PLANT WITH PLANETARY MIXER
The planetary mixer has one or two mixing stars that rotate
themselves while also rotating around a central point, allowing
each arm to cover the whole mixer floor in a number of revolutions.
TOUGH RIDER
http://www.gameswala.com/
http://www.gameswala.com/Tough rider is used to carry material where truck & tractors cannot move. The front end tipping
of Tough Rider enables the driver to exactly unload material where it is required. Tough Rider is
used to
carry cement, bags from go down to mixing yard, Concreting of industrial
sheds, Tunnel Jobs.
EARTH COMPACTOR
This machine produces repetitive impacts on soil/sand & achieves its
compactions. It is a high capacity machine like Rollers available for certain applications only.
MINI BATCHING MACHINE
Universal is pioneer in manufacturing of this machine with the state
ahead technology of load cell based in-built system, water
measuring system, admixture dosing system. It is available in the
capacity of 550 liters, 800 liters, and 1050 liters.
PASSENGER CUM MATERIAL HANDLING LIFT :
http://www.gameswala.com/
http://www.gameswala.com/The Universal Rack and Pinion Type Passenger Cum Material Handling Lift is a unique output
of the continuous research done by the Research and Development Team of Universal. In a high
rise structure the PM Lift can be installed externally on the building during its construction it can
be used by consultants, engineers to go to required floor or can be used to carry material etc.
PLASMA CUTTER
This machine is used to cut sheets. The sheets are imported. The machine can automatically be
worked. The handler enters the data regarding the dimensions in which the sheet needs to be cut.
This machine helps in reducing wastes and maintains quality.
KAIZEN:
There were posters of “Kaizen” along to lobby.
Kaizen a Japanese technique is the continuous improvement throughout all aspects of life. When
applied to the workplace, Kaizen activities continually improve all functions of a business, from
manufacturing to management. By improving standardized activities and processes, Kaizen aims
to eliminate waste. Kaizen was first implemented Japanese businesses by Toyota, and has since
spread to businesses throughout the world.
REFERENCE TO PRESENTATION:
IT FOLLOWS THE POLICY OF 5 SS:
SORT: The first step in making things cleaned up and organized.
SET IN ORDER: Organise, identify and arrange everything in a work area.
SHINE: Regular cleaning and maintenance.
STANDARDIZE: Make it easy to maintain, simplify and standardize
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http://www.gameswala.com/SUSTAIN: Maintaining what has been accomplished
CONCLUSION:
The visit to Universal Constructions Pvt. Ltd. was a very different experience as the
professionalism of the company is reflected as soon as one enters into the premises. The
company teaches us the importance of departmentalization as it secludes the task and improves
the efficiency.
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