carnot - efficiency based nanoantenna systems
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So any plasmonic nanostructures can be considered as nanoantennas (not very rigid)
Antenna: converts radiation energy to localized energy and vice versa
analogous to
phenomena in the surface of the metallic nanostructures (optical frequency) called Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance
(LSPR).
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Wave strikes metal nanostructures, energy is transferredto electrons and resonance occurs when mom. of photons = mom of polaritons
[1] Javier Aizpurua, "Quantum kisses between optical nanoantennas”, mappingignorance (2013).
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θ
ε1
ε2
E0x
y
Φ = Φ (r,θ ,ϕ ), scalar _ potentialE1 = − ∇ Φ 1and∇ 2Φ 1 = 0
E2 = − ∇ Φ 2and∇ 2Φ 2 = 0
We need to solve Laplace Equation
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Electric Field in x direction is given by:
Φ 0 = −E0x = −E0rcosθ ,andΦ 2 = Φ scatter + Φ 0
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Φdipole = p
4πε2cosθr2
= −E0rcosθ
Applied _Field = E0ε1 −ε2
ε1 +2ε2a3cosθr2
E0
x
y
ε1
ε2
Shows: Field outside = Field due to dipole + Applied_Field
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So nanoantennas cover wide spectrum of applications
.# Areas of Application Application and devices
1. Nanophotonics detectors, filters and lasers eg. maskless optical lithography, NSOM
2. Plasmonic Solar Cells rectennas using ALD technology
3. Metamaterials optical/EM sheilding and invisibility cloaks
4. Chemical and bio/medical sensing and optical devices
super lenses for medical sensing, medical cancer treatment; gases and radiation sensors
5. On-Chip Interconnect on-chip nanoantennas
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Need for different infrastructures such as modeling software and fabrication engineering
Conventional Antennas Nanoantennas
• Fed by real current, EM resonance causes waves
• Fed by localized current, Surface Plasmon Polaritons causes waves
• Demands classical treatment • Demands QM treatment
• Dissipated power related to voltage and current
• Dissipated power related to Green’s function tensor and Local density of state (LDOS)
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Need for optimized antenna element and skin depth
• Long lifetime of exiton polariton causes recombination
P0
=I 2
3πη∆l
λ0
• Large ohmic losses and relative finite skin depth decreasing efficiency and
unfocussed radiation pattern
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η =1− TcoldThot
Simple idea: Recycling of the wasted
heat from the cold sink
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Hotter Sink gets more
hotter
Colder Sink gets
more colder
Increases
efficiency
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1. Absorbing antenna as
close to Cold sink as possible
Say ¼ wave distance
=>short-circuit (unbalanced
Voltage condition)
Solution:
Coupling capacitance
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Coupling Capacitance, A. Boswell, “amasci”
Tuned capacitive
Coupling
Improves power
Radiation by 100
folds
Avoids short-circuit; ehhances absorption
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Nano-rectifiers
Not easy to channel heat radiations
These waves are vibrating in infra red or even THz frequency
that todays commercial rectifiers can’t handle
Nano-rectifiers 100-1,000 X smaller rectifiers needed
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P0
=I 2
3πη∆l
λ0
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Graphene based absorbing antenna
Fabry –Perot Resonance
Chamber (LSPR)
[Stamatios A. Et. Al]
Can be tuned to absorb certain wavelength
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P0
=I 2
3πη∆l
λ0
[16] Maciej Klemm. "novel directional nanoantennas for single-emitter sources and wireless nano-links". International Journal of Optics, 2012(2012), 2012.
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P0
=I 2
3πη∆l
λ0[1] Circuit implementation
[2] efficiency improvement
[3] good absorbing and radiating elements/ improvisation
Basically an idea,
I would do Modelling, FEKO Simulation, Implementation and what not.
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P0
=I 2
3πη∆l
λ0
[1] Javier Aizpurua, "Quantum kisses between optical nanoantennas”, mappingignorance (2013).
[2] Javier Aizpurua, “Lecture given at SSOP Porquerolles, Sept. 2009
[3] Maciej Klemm. "novel directional nanoantennas for single-emitter sources and wireless nano-links". International Journal of Optics, 2012(2012), 2012
[4] A. Boswell, “amasci
Thank you