carrier ethernet transport in metro and core network t7_gruber_autenrieth
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
1/130
1 Nokia Siemens Networks
Carrier Ethernet Transportin Metro and Core Networks
Tutorial by
Claus G. Gruber and Achim AutenriethNokia Siemens Networks
13th International Telecommunications Network Strategy and PlanningSymposium - Convergence in Progress Networks 2008
September 28 October 2, 2008Budapest, Hungary
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
2/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com2 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
About Us
Dr.-Ing. Claus G. GruberClaus Gruber is senior consultant and project manager at Nokia Siemens Networks, Munich,
Germany. Division: Research Technology and Platforms, Network Technology, Network Control and
Transport (RTP NT NCT). His main area of research focuses on next generation packet network
architectures including Carrier Grade Ethernet and IP/MPLS over WDM. He is mainly interested in
networking concepts, total cost of ownership, multilayer traffic engineering and resilience, control
plane, and network management and configuration of ubiquitous communication technologies.Prior to his work at Nokia Siemens Networks he was a member of the research and teaching staff at
Technische Universitt Mnchen (TUM), Germany, where he received his Dr.-Ing. and Dipl.-Ing.
degree in electrical engineering and information technology.
Claus published about 30 articles in journals and conference proceedings and submitted about 20
invention reports in the area of routing, resilience, network planning, optimization and management
that are currently under review at EU and US patent offices.
Dr.-Ing. Achim AutenriethAchim Autenrieth is Head of IP Transport R&D Management Innovation (IPT RD Innovation) at Nokia
Siemens Networks, Munich, Germany. Focus areas of his work are multilayer transport networks
(OTN/DWDM, SDH/SONET, Ethernet/MPLS-TP, IP/MPLS), control plane protocols (ASON/GMPLS),
network architecture evaluation, multilayer resilience and multilayer network design, routing and
grooming.
Prior to his current responsibility he was working as project manager and senior research scientist in
internal innovation projects and funded research projects at Siemens AG, Corporate Technology and
Siemens AG, Fixed Networks.
Achim studied Electrical Engineering and Information Technology at the Technische Universitt
Mnchen (TUM) and received his Dipl.-Ing. and Dr.-Ing. degree in 1996 and 2003, respectively. From
1996 to 2003 he was member of the research and teaching staff at the Institute of Communication
Networks at TUM.
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
3/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com3 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
General Information
Schedule
9:00 10:30 Tutorial Part I
10:30 11:00 Coffee Break
11:00 12:30 Tutorial Part II To ensure proper knowledge transfer to the audience, some basic behavior
rules should be strictly obeyed during the tutorial
Q&A After each main section
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
4/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com4 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Contents
1. Introduction
2. Operator Requirements for Transport Networks
3. Ethernet Basics
4. Carrier Ethernet Evolution
5. Carrier Ethernet Transport Technologies
6. Carrier Ethernet Transport Network Architecture & Solutions
7. Outlook Towards Future Internet Architectures
8. Conclusion
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
5/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com5 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Networks get run over by a huge traffic growth -
Technology innovation is a must on the way forward
The fastest and most costefficient access technologies
are not sufficient on their own
Huge traffic volumes have tobe transported throughout
the network
Data super highways and anoptimized end-to-endtransport are needed toconnect 5bn people
5 billion peopleconnected
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
6/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com6 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Challenges and Opportunities
100x trafficgrowth
User serviceexperience
Add valuebeyond bit-pipe
Reinventing theconnected world
EnvironmentalPerformance
Internet for
the next billion
5 Bn people
connected
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
7/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com7 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Tomorrow's communication world
5 Bn Peopleconnected
Main growth in mobilesubscriptions from newgrowth markets
Majority can be alwaysonline via mobilehigh-speed Internetaccess technologies
Wireline Broadband willfacilitate usage ofapplications like TVand/or video streaming.
4 Bn mobileusers
2 Bn fixedbroadband users
Source: Nokia Siemens Networks estimations based external forecasts (Ovum, Strategy Analytics)
xDSL
FTTx
cable
20152005 2010
0.2 Bn
0.4 Bn
0.6 Bn
0.8 Bn
fixedWiMAX
* Broadband subscriptions are typically shared by 2-3 people
5 Bn
4 Bn
3 Bn
2 Bn
2 Bn
20152005 2010
Voice and
high-speedInternet enabled(EDGE, HSPA, ... ,
LTE, WiMAX)
Voice andlow-speed Internet enabled
Mobile Users Worldwide
Fixed Broadband Subscriptions* Worldwide
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
8/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com8 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Broadband services drive transport network
evolution
Cost of data transportmust go down
Optical Metro
Rural connectivity
Photonic core
Operators investinto the whole network
Enable next generation ofconnectivity
Transport investment
worldwide
ConsumersQuality of lifefor citizens
BusinessGrowth andefficiency
GovernmentProductivity
Source:ConnectivitySco
recard
Higher network efficiency
One technology
Leased Line OPEX
Profitable self builtRevenues
Traffic
VoiceDominant
DataDominant
2007 2011
CAGR7,7%
Broadband enabled network
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
9/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com9 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
In the year 2012, there will be more than500 million Broadband subscribers worldwide
Most subscribers will use a DSL connection
Fiber access subscription is expected to grow inline with IPTV subscription
2006 2008 20102012
100
200
300
400
500
600Million
subscriptions
(world)
Fiber to the building/homesubscription
DSL Subscriptions
IPTV/VoD Subscriptions
Cablemodem Subscriptions
Total Broadband Subscriptions
Demand for fixed broadband will increase
over the next years
Source: internal research based on several analyst forecasts
Total Broadband Access Market World[bn ]
1,1 0,9 0,9 0,8
2,9 2,8 2,9 3 3,1
1,0 1,5 1,82,1
2,3
1
5,0 5,3
6,25,95,6
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
5.0%
6.4%
DSL is the dominant broadband market and willremain
Driven by high bandwidth demand, fiber basedaccess revenue will double in the next 10 years
Narrowband revenue will decrease
Source: internal research based on several analyst forecasts
total
Fiber access
DSLAM
Narrowband
5 billion peopleconnected
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
10/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com10 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
100x traffic growth within 5 years means
a growing need for scalable networks
Growing #of customers
Business
New services at
lower cost
Growing #of services
Consumer
Consumer
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
11/130
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
12/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com12 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Video and TV services as main driver
Video Services will driveexponential growth in residentialwireline traffic, ... with most growthfrom IPTV
20100
10 ExaByte
20 ExaByte
30 ExaByte
40 ExaByte
50 ExaByte
60 ExaByte
70 ExaByte
2008
230%230%
2009
530%530%
2007
100%
100%
100%
100%
2011
1600%
220%
1500%
1600%
220%
1500%
1100%
820%
200%
1100%
820%
200%
TV Services
(unicast&broadcast)
P2P Video*
Streaming Video Clips
US residentialWireline Video related Traffic
Source:
Heavy Reading, June 2007, Internet TV, OTT Video & Future of IPTV
* excluding P2P video andmusic exchange whichdominate currently the Internettraffic
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
13/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com13 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Increasing bandwidth demands require asimplified and more efficient infrastructure
Technology goes highestscalability and flexibility
Operators go Ethernet
Source:Conferences;Lightreading
2007
Up to 100Gbit/s channelsin the core
Flexible Gigabit services &
multi-Gigabit wavelength
switching
Ethernet switching @ all
transport technologies
Microwave Radio, NG SDH,
DWDM, Carrier Ethernet
Level 3:Ethernet is becoming a
preferred enabler for leading
applications, e.g. Internet,
Content delivery, utility
services, IP video,
FT, Telefonica:IP does not scale enough,
Ethernet is an alternative
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
14/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com14 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
The broadband telecommunication environment
is enabled by next generation connectivity
Megabit applications -Gigabit services
Broadband accesseverywhere
Reliable and securetraffic control
Flexible bandwidths
from access to core
Optimized connectivityin fixed and mobile environment
Solutions to balance networks
and ensure Quality of Service
Carrier Ethernet Transport
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
15/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com15 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Contents
1. Introduction
2. Operator Requirements for Transport Networks
3. Ethernet Basics
4. Carrier Ethernet Evolution
5. Carrier Ethernet Transport Technologies
6. Carrier Ethernet Transport Network Architecture & Solutions
7. Outlook Towards Future Internet Architectures
8. Conclusion
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
16/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com16 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
What is Carrier Ethernet Transport ?
In a sentence Ethernet with Carrier Grade qualitiesfor Transport Networks
But seriously
Taking the simple, well known and widely deployedEthernet service and extending it to the metro and
core of public networks thus maintaining the
simplicity, flexibility and cost effectiveness of the
protocol and components on an end-to-end basis
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
17/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com17 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Carrier Ethernet Transport technology
is defined by six key attributesEnd to End Ethernet
Seamless Ethernet across portfolio of
IP Transport/Nokia Siemens Network
Differentiated service creation
Resiliency Connection Oriented Ethernet
50ms protection
Resilient IP (ResIP)
certification
Simple Management Automation of network
Point and click provisioning
Standard Operation and
Maintenance
Optimized Deployment Scalable architecture with
end to end portfolio
Technology agnostic multi-
layer optimization
Flexible Solutions Integrated Solution for
Mobile Backhaul, Business
and residential services
Shared best practices
Scalability Standardized platforms
Prove worldwide
deployment
Over 20,000 service and
support personnel
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
18/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com18 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Connection
Oriented
Packet Based Service
Transparent
Deterministic Controlled
Carrier Ethernet Transport Defined
Architecture Goals and Building Blocks
Enable IP Services over a Converged Carrier Class Transport Architecture
Add Scalability, Resiliency, and Manageability to Ethernet
Multi-Service
Convergence
Static
Managed
Isolated
Secure
Predictable
Protected
Guaranteed
SLA
Point-and-Click Provisioning
Carrier Grade OAM High Reliability
Hard QoSStratum Quality Sync
Integrated TDMHigh Scalability
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
19/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com19 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Unified Architecture for Cost-Effective
Transport of High-Speed Packet Services
Carrier Ethernet Transport Defined
Fundamental Requirements
Connection
Oriented
Provisioned
Deterministic
Predictable
L3 Service
Transparency
Guaranteed
SLAs
Carrier Class
Resiliency
Multi-Layer
Service
Management
L2 ClientEncapsulation
SecureTransport
L3 Proxy
Provisioned
Strict QoS
ConnectionAdmission
Control
NE Quality
SW Stability
NetworkProtection
End-to-End
Pt-and-Click
Control Plane
Robust OAM
Reporting
Ethernet
Economics
Scalable
Multi-Service
Single UNI
Synchronous
Cost-Effective
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
20/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com20 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Contents
1. Introduction
2. Operator Requirements for Transport Networks
3. Ethernet Basics
4. Carrier Ethernet Evolution
5. Carrier Ethernet Transport Technologies
6. Carrier Ethernet Transport Network Architecture & Solutions
7. Outlook Towards Future Internet Architectures
8. Conclusion
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
21/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com21 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Contents
1. Introduction
2. Operator Requirements for Transport Networks
3. Ethernet Basics
Network Basics
4. Carrier Ethernet Evolution
5. Carrier Ethernet Transport Technologies
6. Carrier Ethernet Transport Network Architecture & Solutions
7. Outlook Towards Future Internet Architectures
8. Conclusion
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
22/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com22 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Going Back to Where It Began
We have to go back to 1984
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
23/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com23 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Network Hierarchy ConceptThe OSI Reference Model
Layer
Layer
Layern-1
n
n+1
Provides services to higher layers
with standardized interfaces
Uses services of lower layers
with standardized interfaces
The concept of layers
It is a simple and efficient way of communication
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
24/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com24 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Network Hierarchy ConceptThe OSI Reference Model
Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical1
2
3
4
5
6
7 The OSI reference model provides:
Standardized interfaces
(compatibility, interoperability and competition)
Simplifies network technology development
considerably
(just trust and use the functionality of the lower layer)
Why seven layers?
Is an often discussed question
(e.g. Three layer approach of Future Internet projects)
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
25/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com25 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Network Hierarchy ConceptThe OSI Reference Model
Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Binary transmission on a physical linkElectrical, mechanical, procedural, and functional specification
Access to media
Defines the data format and how the access to the media is controlled(includes bit-error correction)
Data deliveryProvides routes between two host systems (might be at different locations)
(includes network discovery and routing decision)
End-to-end connection
Ensures data transport reliability, information flow(includes maintaining of virtual circuits between hosts)
Interapplication communicationMaintains sessions between applications
Data presentation
Presents data in the right format to the application layer(includes encryption, reformating, restructuring of data)
Network service part of applicationsProvides network services to applications
(e.g. protocols to applications such as snmp)
What we call applicatione.g. email client such as Thunderbird RealApplication8
The User9
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
26/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com26 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Network Hierarchy ConceptData Encapsulation
Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical1
2
3
4
5
6
7
HeaderHeaderHeaderHeaderHeaderHeader
HeaderHeaderHeaderHeaderHeader
HeaderHeaderHeaderHeader
HeaderHeaderHeader
HeaderHeader
Header
DataHeader
DataHeader
DataHeader
DataHeader
DataHeader
DataHeader
DataHeader
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
27/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com27 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Network Hierarchy ConceptCommunication
G
F
E
D
C
B1
A11
2
3
4
5
6
7 G
F
E
D
C
B2
A21
2
3
4
5
6
7
C
B1
A11
2
3
B2
A2
Only instances
of the same layer
can talk to each other!
IntermediateSystem (IS)
End System 2End System 1
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
28/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com28 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Sample OSI Layer Protocols and Services
SDH, OTH,
optical frames
Bits Bits1Physical
SDH, OTH
optical frames
SDH, OTH
optical frames
Frames
Packets
Frames2Data Link
IP3
Network
TCP / UDP4
Transport
5
Session
Services e.g.:
MIDI, HTML, GIF
JPG, ASCII
Services e.g.:
MIDI, HTML, GIF
JPG, ASCII
6
Presentation
End SystemServices e.g.:
FTP, HTTP,
Telnet
Services e.g.:
FTP, HTTP,
Telnet
OSI Layer
7
Application
Ethernet
(IEEE 802.1),
LLC, MAC, ATM
Ethernet
(IEEE 802.1),
LLC, MAC, ATM
Ethernet
& IEEE 802.3,
LLC, MAC, ATM
Packets
Packets
IPIP
Datagram
Datagram
Transit System
Messages / Data
TCP / UDP
Services e.g.:
MIDI, HTML, GIF
JPG, ASCII
Services e.g.:
MIDI, HTML, GIF
JPG, ASCII
End SystemServices e.g.:
FTP, HTTP,
Telnet
Services e.g.:
FTP, HTTP,
Telnet
Transceiver
Repeater
Hub, Cable
Bridge
Switch
Router
Gateway
Gateway
Gateway
Equipment
Gateway
e.g. Security
(Firewall, Proxy)
e.g. Security
(Firewall, Proxy)
Servic
es
Protocols
Information unit Information unit
Specification
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
29/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com29 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Network HierarchyAccording to OSI Reference Model
NSN Location
Munich
NSN LocationEspoo
Routers are used to connect networks
Switches are used to connect hosts
Backbone Network A
Backbone Network B
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
30/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com30 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Fixed Transport Network Structure
Optical
Transport
FixedServices
Access
IP
Edge CoreAggregation
Routing
Applications
CES
CLS
IP/MPLS
Core
Residential
Layer 2 VPN,
Ethernet /TDMLeasedLine
Business
Layer 1Optical/
WavelengthLeased Line
OTN/DWDM
Metro
OTN/DW
DM Core
HSI: High Speed Internet CIS: Customer IP service CES: Customer Ethernet Service COS: Customer Optical Service
MSAN: Multiservice access node (PON, DSLAM) CLS: Customer Legacy Services
Business
Voice,
Video,HSI MSAN
L3 VPN
Server
VoIP, VoD, IPTV,IMSIMS
L2 switch
BRAS
COS
CIS
CIS
L2
Transport
Carrier Ethernet /
SDH/SONETCarrier Ethernet /
SDH/SONET
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
31/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com31 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Contents
1. Introduction
2. Operator Requirements for Transport Networks
3. Ethernet Basics
Ethernet Standards
4. Carrier Ethernet Evolution
5. Carrier Ethernet Transport Technologies
6. Carrier Ethernet Transport Network Architecture & Solutions
7. Outlook Towards Future Internet Architectures
8. Conclusion
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
32/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com32 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
The original Ethernet
by Bob Metcalf
Bob Metcalf, 1973
The original format for Ethernet was developed in Xerox Palo Alto Research Centre (PARC), California in 1972
and called Alto Aloha. Using Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) it had a
transmission rate of 2.94Mb/s and could support 256 devices over cable stretching for 1km. The two inventors
were Robert Metcalf and David Boggs
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
33/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com33 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Advantages of Packet and Ethernet Networks
Packet Almost 100% of traffic generated by applications is packet based Multiplex gain Control plane often deployed in combination with packet services (restoration)
Advantages of Ethernet Widely deployed The standard for LAN equipment (10M, 100M, 1G, 10G, 100G)) available in
almost every computing device Chipsets are very cheap and high numbers
Plug and play Very simple technology to operate
Combines data link layer and switching layer
Drawbacks of Ethernet:
MAC addressing scheme Different protocols (STP, RSTP, MSTP) Limited traffic-engineering and slow failure recovery Operation Administration and Maintenance
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
34/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com34 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
IEEE 802 Standards
IEEE 802.1 Architecture, management, switching
802.1D MAC layer bridges 802.1Q Virtual LANs 802.1p Quality-of-Service & Multicast support 802.1d Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) 802.1s/w Multiple STP / Rapid STP
IEEE 802.3 CSMA/CD (Ethernet) standards
802.3u Fast Ethernet (100Base-TX, 100Base-FX) 802.3x Full-duplex Ethernet over LAN
802.3z Gigabit Ethernet over fiber (1000Base-X) 802.3ab Gigabit Ethernet over copper (1000Base-T) 802.3ad Aggregation of multiple link segments (LAG)
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
35/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com35 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Ethernet BasicsIEEE 802.3 Ethernet Interfaces
Older Ethernet Implementations:
10 Base 5 yellow cable / 10 Base 2 cheapernet
R
Typical Implementation:Busses / Segments
Disadvantage:Collisions
multiply when data loadIncreases
Current Implementations with electrical Interfaces:
10 Base T
100 Base T Fast Ethernet
1000 Base T Gigabit Ethernet
100 Base FX Fast Ethernet
Current Implementations with optical Interfaces:
1000 Base SX Gigabit Ethernet
1000 Base LX
10 Gigabit-Ethernet In optical Ethernets,Collision detection is not possible
Data Link
Network
Transport
Session
Presentation
Application
Physical
Typical Implementation:
Point-to-PointAdvantage:
Collisions can be minimized
with a switch
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
36/130
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
37/130
Eth t B i
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
38/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com38 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Ethernet BasicsEthernet Switching (1)
A B C D E F
1 2 3 4 5 6
FCAddress
Port 6Port 5Port 4Port 3Port 2Port 1MAC-Table
A C
C ?
A
MAC-Learning
Eth t B i
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
39/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com39 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Ethernet BasicsEthernet Switching (2)
A B C D E F
1 2 3 4 5 6
FCAddress
Port 6Port 5Port 4Port 3Port 2Port 1MAC-Table
A C
D ?
A
F D
Flooding
Eth t B i
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
40/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com40 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
In Ethernet networks loops are strictly forbidden because otherwise broadcast storms would
bring down the network performance. With Spanning tree protocol loops are avoided in an
Ethernet network: All links that would built up a loop are blocked by the Switches. So STP can
be used for protection: If the working link fails, the protection link (i.e. a blocked link) is activated.
Path 1 (working)
Ethernet Basics802.1d Spanning Tree (1)
active links
blocked links
Ethernet Basics
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
41/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com41 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
If the working link fails, the protection link (i.e. a blocked link) is activated. RSTP (Rapid
spanning tree protocoll) improves the switching time from several seconds to approximately
one second.
Path 2 (unblocked)
Path 1 (broken)
Ethernet Basics802.1d Spanning Tree (2)
802.1w Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP)
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
42/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com42 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
802.1w Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP)
1s~60sWorst Case
RSTPSTPTiming
Spanning Tree was designed for Enterprise. Recovery Time is not
acceptable for Carrier Grade.
Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol is identical to STP, except:
STP Learns the backup route after failure
RSTP Learns the backup route before failure
The convergence time is significantly shortened:
802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
43/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com43 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
802.1s Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP)
MSTP enables the use ofdifferent paths for differentVLANs (or groups of VLANs)
Traffic can be organized to useall possible links, optimisingtraffic distribution
If a link fails, only the MSTIs(MSTP Instances individualtrees) using that link areaffected
MSTP only works together withRSTP
Up to 32+1 instances per node
VLAN 10
VLAN 20
Advantages
Efficient VLAN Paths(e.g. SW 1 => SW 4)
Load-sharing
SW 3
SW 2 SW 4
SW 1
Ethernet Basics
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
44/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com44 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
CFI
16 bit
TAG Protocol Identifier TPID0x8100
1 bit 12 bit3 bit
Priority VLAN ID
IEEE 802.3 Frame without VLAN Tag Header
Destinationaddress
Sourceaddress
Type /Length
Data CRC
IEEE 802.3 with 802.1Q 4-Byte VLAN Tag Header
TCITag Control Identifier
TPIDTAG Protocol Identifier
2 bytes2 bytes
Destinationaddress
Sourceaddress
TagType/8100
Data CRC
4 bytes
Ethernet Basics802.1Q VLAN support
802 1Q Highlights
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
45/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com45 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
802.1Q HighlightsCustomer separation by VLAN
Physical view
Logical view
S S
SR
R
VLAN Functionality Highlights
Up to 4096 VLAN
Priority 802.1p associated with VLAN
VLAN-based priority take precedence
Allows Spanning Tree per VLAN
Allows overlapping VLANs
VLAN Advantages
Better security
Solve the broadcast problem
Solve the physical location issue
Ethernet Basics
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
46/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com46 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
A B C D E F
Ethernet BasicsEthernet VLANs (1)
A DB D
A
EDBVLAN 1
FECVLAN 2
Port 6Port 5Port 4Port 3Port 2Port 1MAC-Table
1 2 3 4 5 6
?
Ethernet Basics
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
47/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com47 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Ethernet BasicsEthernet VLANs (2)
A B C D E F
1 2 3 4 5 6
EDBVLAN 1
FECVLAN 2
Port 6Port 5Port 4Port 3Port 2Port 1MAC-Table
A
X
A DB D
Contents
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
48/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com48 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Contents
1. Introduction
2. Operator Requirements for Transport Networks
3. Ethernet Basics
4. Carrier Ethernet Evolution
5. Carrier Ethernet Transport Technologies
6. Carrier Ethernet Transport Network Architecture & Solutions
7. Outlook Towards Future Internet Architectures
8. Conclusion
Evolution of Ethernet Hierarchy
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
49/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com49 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Evolution of Ethernet Hierarchy
DA
SA
Pay
load
802.1D
DA
SA
Pay
load
VID
802.1Q
SA: Source MAC Address
DA: Destination MAC AddressVID: VLAN ID
C-VID: Customer VID
S-VID: Service VID
VID: VLAN ID
B-SA: Backbone SA
B-DA: Backbone DA
B-VID: Backbone VID
B-TAG: a Provider Bridge S-TAG
I-SID: 24 bit Service ID
I-TAG: allocated for 802.1Q service instance
B-VID VLAN identifies per destination
alternate path
B-DA MAC identifies destination node
B-SA MAC identifies source node
DA
SA
Pay
load
S-VID
C-VID
802.1ad
Q-in-Q
DA
SA
Pay
load
S-VID
C-VID
B-DA
B-SA
B-VIDI-SID
802.1ah
Mac-in-Mac
Service IDBackbone VID
Backbone MAC
Provider
Backbone
Bridges
PBB
Standard
Ethernet
Frame
acc.
IEE 802.3
Inner VLAN ID
Outer VLAN ID
Customer MAC
Contains IP
packet
VLAN
PBB-TE
Provider
Bridges
VLAN XC:
based on
VLAN ID
802 1ad Provider Bridge (Q-in-Q)
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
50/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com50 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Frame with double VLAN tag header 802.1ad
The Concept Adding another layer of 802.1Q
The purpose - expanding the VLAN space by tagging the tagged packets
The expanded VLAN space allows the service provider to provide certain services, such as
Internet access on specific VLANs for specific customers, and yet still allows the service
provider to provide other types of services for their other customers on other VLANs.
802.1ad Provider Bridge (Q-in-Q)
S-VLAN
Frame without VLAN Tag HeaderDestination
addressSourceaddress
Type /Length Data CRC
Frame with single VLAN tag header 802.1QDestination
addressSourceaddress C-VLAN
Type /Length Data CRC
Destinationaddress
Sourceaddress C-VLAN
Type /Length Data CRC
Support of 4K S-VLAN x 4K C-VLAN = theoretical 16 Mill VLAN
Transport of Ethernet Services
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
51/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com51 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Transport NetworkTransport Network
pIssues with Flat Ethernet Architecture
Full transparency ?
Use ofclient information as forwarding decision ?
Learning of all client MAC addresses in all transport nodes ?
Known issues with STPissues with STP (resilience and traffic engineering)
TPI
D
S-
VID
S-
VID
TP
IDC-DA C-SA L/T User Data FCS
802.1ad
Frame
6 octets 6 octets 2 2 2 2 2 4 octets46 1500 octets
S-TAG C-TAG
C-DA
802.1ah Provider Backbone Bridging (PBB)
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
52/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com52 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Transport NetworkTransport Network
Adding a Transport Hierarchy
Source: D. Allen, N.Bragg, A. McGuire, A. Reid, Ethernet as Carrier Transport Infrastructure, IEEECommunications Magazine, Feb. 2006
TPI
D
S-
VID
S-
VID
TP
IDC-DA C-SA L/T User Data FCS
802.1ad
Frame
6 octets 6 octets 2 2 2 2 2 4 octets46 1500 octets
S-TAG C-TAG
TPID
B-TAG
ES-VIDB-DA B-SA B-VID L/T 802.1ad Frame(/w or /wo FCS) FCS
Backbone
ProviderBridge
Frame 6 octets 6 octets 2 2 2 4 octets60 1526 octets
Add a transport hierarchy MAC in MAC encapsulation No learning of customer MAC addresses in the middle of the network Transport spanning TREESTREES instead Use globalglobal meaning of tag (B-DA (48 bit) and B-VID (12 bit))
C-DAB-DA
802.1ah Provider Backbone Bridging
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
53/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com53 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
PBB, MAC in MAC
Interconnect Provider Bridge networksthrough a highly scalable Ethernet
backbone
MAC in MAC encapsulation Encapsulation at the backbone edge Providers MAC and VLAN space, isolates
provider from customer broadcast domains
Core is agnostic to customer MAC andcustomer services
MAC tables are learned automatically,xSTP prevents loops
Drawbacks Lack of carrier grade protection
(xSTP based) Lack of effective traffic engineering
Provider Bridging nw
Customer networks
Provider Backbone Bridging network
Provider Bridging nw
PayloadC-VID
S-VID
SA
DA
802.1ad
Payload
C-VID
S-VIDSA
DA
I-SID
B-VID
B-SA
B-DA802.1ah
Q-in-Q
Customer MAC
OAM for Carrier Grade Switches
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
54/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com54 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
OAM is the carrier tool kit for the network management functions suchas fault indication, performance monitoring, security management,
diagnostic functions and configuration
An advanced management tool kit contains:
Transport link level
Network & Service
Level
OAM management
802.3ah802.3ah EFMEFM
(Ethernet at the first mile)(Ethernet at the first mile)
802.1ag802.1agConnectivity Fault ManagementConnectivity Fault Management
VLAN OAMVLAN OAMMEF recommendationMEF recommendation
Element Manager SystemElement Manager System
MPLS OAMMPLS OAM
Advanced Ethernet Features
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
55/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com55 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
QoS allows to guarantee parameters like
- Bandwidth
- Packet loss rate
- Maximum delay
- Maximum jitter
Examples of typical service class definitions:
- Gold: Guaranteed Bandwidth, very low packet loss rate,Minimum jitter suitable for VoIP and Video Boadcast
- Bronze: No guarantees suitable for Data transmission(data packets can be re-transmitted in case of loss)
- Network Most important traffic, highest priority
Control:
Quality of Service - QoS (1)
Advanced Ethernet Features
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
56/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com56 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
CIR: Committed information rate
PIR: Peak information rate CBS: Committed burst size
PBS: Peak burst size
Service End-to-End
CIREIR
t
Bandwidth available to other services
at time t
Link Capacity
Quality of Service - QoS (2)
Advanced Ethernet Features
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
57/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com57 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Waste
Packet stream (one direction)
High priority packet
Medium priority packet
Low priority packet
Egress buffersFor one egress port
Many Low priority packets aredropped,Few medium priority,None high priority.
+
The critical point in the packet flow
is the summarization of several ingress portsto one egress port.Therefore one egress buffer per service classis required. In this buffers high priority packetscan overtake low priority packets.
Packet classification Packet scheduling
Ingress ports Egress port
SLA Guarantees for all Services
Contents
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
58/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com58 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
1. Introduction
2. Operator Requirements for Transport Networks
3. Ethernet Basics
4. Carrier Ethernet Evolution
5. Carrier Ethernet Transport Technologies
6. Carrier Ethernet Transport Network Architecture & Solutions
7. Outlook Towards Future Internet Architectures8. Conclusion
Connectionless and Connection Oriented Transport
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
59/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com59 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Connection oriented
A predetermined path is used between
two end nodes for packets of the same
service
Bandwidth reserved End-to-End to
ensure quality
Protection paths are preset and
available for immediate usage
BW for protection can be reserved in
advance
Known path allows more E2E OAM
capabilities
The OSI 7-layer model specifies two methods for packet transport:
Connectionless
Every packet can be taken at any path
as long as it gets to its final destination
Service BW can not be guaranteed
In case of failure nodes are required to
re-calculated path which may take longtime
No constant End-2-End monitoring
Primary path
Backup path
Carrier Ethernet (cl) vs.Carrier Ethernet Transport (co)
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
60/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com60 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Carrier Ethernet
Forwarding based on Spanning TreeSpanning Tree Inefficient use of resources
LimitedLimited traffic engineering possibilities
Very complex optimizationcomplex optimization tasks when using multiple trees SlowSlow restoration upon failures (seconds)
FlatFlat switching hierarchy (broadcastbroadcast if unknown)
Carrier Ethernet Transport
Forwarding based on transport labeltransport label not on customer MAC address
Establishment ofvirtual tunnelsvirtual tunnels (paths)
Packets are tagged and switched accordingly
Broadcast if unknown is disabled (hierarchyhierarchy)
Centralized management ordistributed control planecontrol plane
(e.g. GMPLS)
Carrier Ethernet Transport (co)
Carrier Ethernet TransportTraffic Engineering and Resilience
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
61/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com61 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Traffic Engineering and Resilience
Traffic Engineering can be done by applying tunnel characteristics
Route of tunnel can be optimized
MultipleMultiple tunnelstunnels and traffic distribution
Intermediate grooming and merging of tunnels
MultiMulti--layer traffic engineeringlayer traffic engineering especiallybetween Ethernet and WDM
Resilience mechanisms can be based on tunnels
A large number ofpathpath--basedbased resiliencemechanisms can be applied for Carrier Ethernet
ProtectionProtection and restorationrestoration
MultiMulti--layer resiliencelayer resilience optimization
Carrier Ethernet switches with c/o EthernetBenefits and features for packet transport
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
62/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com62 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Benefits and features for packet transport
Features and Benefits
Advanced connection oriented Ethernet mechanisms
Well determined and predictable network operation
Advanded resilience mechanisms possible
Traffic engineering (Traffic separation per VLAN, Classification per port andport+VLAN ++, Policing, QoS (basic- , Diffserv-, Enhanced-mode),
horizontal split)
efficient use of fibers, balancing of the traffic load on various links in the
network
Challenges
Multicast: Interworking of IGMP and PBB-TE still to be verified
Synchronization and clock provisioning in mobile backhaul
Interworking with DWDM
Increased scalability and cost-efficient long-distance transport(Grey interfaces up to 80 km)
Contents
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
63/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com63 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
1. Introduction
2. Operator Requirements for Transport Networks
3. Ethernet Basics
4. Carrier Ethernet Evolution
5. Carrier Ethernet Transport Technologies
Ethernet Label Switching
6. Carrier Ethernet Transport Network Architecture & Solutions7. Outlook Towards Future Internet Architectures
8. Conclusion
Ethernet Label Switching (ELS) aka VLAN Cross-ConnectQ in Q Tunnelling (IEEE 802 1Q IEEE802 1ad)
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
64/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com64 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Q in Q Tunnelling (IEEE 802.1Q, IEEE802.1ad)
Idea: Use the existing Ethernet header(802.1ad) but forward according toingress port and VLAN-ID, not MACaddress
Add tags if required (label stacking) Forwarding decision based on
single VLAN-ID (12 bit) ordouble VLAN-ID (24 bit) with local linkscope (16M connections per port)
Replacing Flooding and MAC Learningwith configuration of VLAN-Switching
Cross Connect1
2
4
3
Bridge
5VID = 10
7
8
6VID = 10
VID = 50
VID = 10
VID = 50
VID = 11
VID = 20
VID = 17
VID = 17
VID = 50
VID = 10
VID = 72
VID = 50
TPI
DVIDVID
TP
IDDA SA L/T User Data FCS
6 octets 6 octets 2 2 2 2 2 4 octets
TAG1 TAG2
VIDTP
IDDA SA L/T User Data FCS
802.1Q
Frame
6 octets 6 octets 2 2 2 4 octets
TAG
802.1ad
Frame
Single Tag
Double Tag
Contents
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
65/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com65 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
1. Introduction
2. Operator Requirements for Transport Networks
3. Ethernet Basics
4. Carrier Ethernet Evolution
5. Carrier Ethernet Transport Technologies
PBB-TE
6. Carrier Ethernet Transport Network Architecture & Solutions7. Outlook Towards Future Internet Architectures
8. Conclusion
802.1ah Provider Backbone Bridging (PBB)Adding a Transport Hierarchy
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
66/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com66 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Transport NetworkTransport Network
g p y
Source: D. Allen, N.Bragg, A. McGuire, A. Reid, Ethernet as Carrier Transport Infrastructure, IEEECommunications Magazine, Feb. 2006
TPI
D
S-
VID
S-
VID
TP
IDC-DA C-SA L/T User Data FCS
802.1ad
Frame
6 octets 6 octets 2 2 2 2 2 4 octets46 1500 octets
S-TAG C-TAG
TP
ID
B-TAG
ES-VIDB-DA B-SAB-
VID L/T802.1ad Frame
(/w or /wo FCS) FCS
Backbone
Provider
BridgeFrame 6 octets 6 octets 2 2 2 4 octets60 1526 octets
Add a transport hierarchy MAC in MAC encapsulation No learning of customer MAC addresses in the middle of the network Transport spanning TREESTREES instead Use globalglobal meaning of tag (B-DA (48 bit) and B-VID (12 bit))
C-DA
B-DA
802.1Qay Provider Backbone BridgingTrafficEngineering (PBB-TE)
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
67/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com67 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Transport NetworkTransport Network
g ee g ( )
Transparent Tunneling of Ethernet ServicesC-DA
B-DA
Source: D. Allen, N.Bragg, A. McGuire, A. Reid, Ethernet as Carrier Transport Infrastructure, IEEECommunications Magazine, Feb. 2006
TPI
D
S-
VID
S-
VID
TP
IDC-DA C-SA L/T User Data FCS
802.1ad
Frame
6 octets 6 octets 2 2 2 2 2 4 octets46 1500 octets
S-TAG C-TAG
TP
ID
B-TAG
ES-VIDB-DA B-SAB-
VID L/T802.1ad Frame
(/w or /wo FCS) FCS
Backbone
Provider
BridgeFrame 6 octets 6 octets 2 2 2 4 octets60 1526 octets
Add a transport hierarchy MAC in MAC encapsulation No learning of customer MAC addresses in the middle of the network Transport PATHSPATHS instead GMPLS or NMS configured Use globalglobal meaning of tag (B-DA (48 bit) and B-VID (12 bit))
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
68/130
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
69/130
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
70/130
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
71/130
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
72/130
MPLS BasicsAcronyms
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
73/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com73 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
LER
LSR
Non-MPLS
access network
Label
LSP: Switched
Path
MPLS Backbone
Label
Edge
Router
Label
Switching
Router
c o y s
MPLS BasicsShim Header Structure
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
74/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com74 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
TTLLabel (20 bits) CoS S
IP PacketIP Packet
32 bits
L2 HeaderL2 Header MPLS Header
MPLS header consist of four fields
Labelused to associate packet with an LSP
Experimental bitscarry packet queuing priority (CoS)
Stacking bit
Time to livelimits packet lifetime within LSP In most cases, the IP TTL is copied into the MPLS TTL
Some label values are reserved
MPLS Principles
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
75/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com75 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Virtual connections in a connectionless network
Add a label to an IP packet that encodes a predefined tunnel
Traffic towards different destinations can be separated or aggregated andforwarded along a pre-defined path using only small labels as routing
decision
Label stacking is possible
Efficient Traffic Engineering due to source routing
Fast resilience mechanisms
Label Edge
Router
(LER)
Label
SwitchRouter
(LSR)
3: Routing
according to IP
header1: The edge router
classifies packets
and adds an MLPS
header, see tablebelow to them
2: Small tables,
fast routing
IP Packet Label IP Packet Label
MPLS Major Tasks
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
76/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com76 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Information distribution (network topology and capacity)
Based on existing IP protocols (OSPF, IS-IS, EIGRP)- inband
Path calculation What are the best paths?
Constraint Based Routing (CBR)
Path setup, label distribution and exchange Label Distribution Protocol (LDP)
Reservation Protocol (RSVP-TE)
Forwarding of traffic along the MPLS path
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
77/130
Path Setup with RSVP
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
78/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com78 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
The Ingress LSR (I-LSR) sends a PATH message along the calculatedroute (source routing).
Each intermediate router checks if the required bandwidth is available andforwards the message to the tail of the path (last router).
The Egress LSR (E-LSR) sends a RESV message back along the samepath. On the way back, the resources are reserved and labels are selected
and signaled to the upstream LSR
Paths are updated / refreshed via a soft-state mechanisms
E-LSRI-LSR
RESV message
PATH message
Pros and Cons of MPLS Switching
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
79/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com79 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Advantages:
+Aggregation of traffic
+Reduction of routing entries+Efficient traffic engineering
possibilities
(source routing)
+Fast and efficient resiliencemechanisms+VPN support+GMPLS support
Disadvantages:
- Additional technology below
the IP Layer- Handling of MPLS paths
(number, soft state)
- Complexity of Network
Configuration- Tight interelation of IP and
MPLS makes it quite complex
to handle
Challenge: Is MPLS ready to replace SDH/SONET?
Carrier Ethernet will replace SDH/SONET infrastructure over time
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
80/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com80 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Transport teams mentality Long term statically provisionedpaths, pre-determined backup paths
Highly automated operation
environment
Strong reliance on automated OAM
and fault management systems
Simple static control plane scores
well over complex dynamic control
plane
Transport teams view on IP/MPLS
Believe IP/MPLS is not suitable for
transport applications
Consider it to be very complex (LDP, IS-
IS, OSPF, MPLS-TE, CSPF, FRR,..)
Do not need dynamic routing protocols,and recovery times too slow
IP/MPLS OAM tools not consistent with
transport OAM requirements
SONET/SDH infrastructure traditionally designed and managed by transportdepartments
Contents
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
81/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com81 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
1. Introduction
2. Operator Requirements for Transport Networks
3. Ethernet Basics
4. Carrier Ethernet Evolution
5. Carrier Ethernet Transport Technologies
T-MPLS
6. Carrier Ethernet Transport Network Architecture & Solutions
7. Outlook Towards Future Internet Architectures
8. Conclusion
T-MPLS (Transport Multi Protocol Label Switching)
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
82/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com82 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Idea: Use the MPLS concept known from IP and adapt it for forwarding issuesdefined in ITU-T G8110.1
Operate independently of its clients and its associated control networks(Management and Signaling Network).
IP/MPLS IP + SDH MPLS with a few changes:
Use of Penultimate Hop Popping is prohibited
Uni-directional and bi-directional LSPs can be defined
Use of global or per interface label space
Three types of Signalling Communication Channels (in-band via native IPpackets, in-band via dedicated LSP, out-of band)
OAM based on Y.1711 and Y.1731
Protection switching (ITU-T Y.1720)
Merging and ECMP is prohibited Multicasting in alignment to on-going work in IETFTPI
D
S-
VID
S-
VID
TP
IDDA SA L/T User Data FCS
6 octets 6 octets 2 2 2 2 2 4 octets46 1500 octets
S-TAG C-TAG
T-MPLSGFP or Ethernet
Contents
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
83/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com83 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
1. Introduction
2. Operator Requirements for Transport Networks
3. Ethernet Basics
4. Carrier Ethernet Evolution
5. Carrier Ethernet Transport Technologies
MPLS-TP
6. Carrier Ethernet Transport Network Architecture & Solutions
7. Outlook Towards Future Internet Architectures
8. Conclusion
MPLS-TP standardization process and timeline
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
84/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com84 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
MPLS-TPMPLS-TP
Timeline:
ITU-T - IETF Joint Working Team (JWT)
was setup in March 2008
Agreement reached on
recommendations: End of April 2008
First draft: July 2008
Expected final agreements: E 2009
Joint Working Team
Technologies comparison
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
85/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com85 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
/~ /~/~Multipoint
support
~
IP/MPLS
~Standardized or
in process ofstandardization
~Scalable
Transport
oriented
MPLS-TPPBB-TET-MPLSELS
Terminated
by ITU-T
Market shift from PBB-TE to MPLS-TP
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
86/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com86 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
NSN focus
Mature but not transport orientedIP/MPLS
Transport oriented
Terminated by ITU-TT-MPLS
ELS
In standardization process
Not matureNo Control plane
No multipoint support
PBB-TE
In standardization process
Based on MPLS maturity
Enhanced for Transport
T-MPLS
MPLS-TP
The options
Standardized partly (single tagging)
Double use of VID for user-traffic
separation and routing
MPLS-TP MPLS Transport Profile
IP/MPLS & L2 MPLS can be categories as IETF MPLS
Nokia Siemens Networks is a major player in MPLS-TP standardization
MPLS Connection Oriented Lacks some
t t
T-MPLS A subset of MPLS plus additional
capabilities providing packet transport
Uses the same Ether type as MPLS but
h i t tibl
JWT
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
87/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com87 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
transportcapabilities some mechanisms are not compatiblewith MPLS
Nokia Siemens Networks has participants in the Joint Working Team
Nokia Siemens Networks acts as author and co-author forrequirements, framework and solution documents
3. Frameworks
3.1 MPLS-TP3.2 3.3 OAM
3.4 Survivability
3.4.1 for LSPs
3.4.2 for PWs
3.6 Control Plane3.7 Network
Management
2. Requirements
2.1 MPLS-TP2.2 OAM
2.3 Networkmanagement
4. Solution Documents
4.1 Generic ACH Alert Label Definition4.2 ACH definition
4.3 OAM Procedure document
4.3.1 OAM Analysis document
4.3.2 OAM Tool documents
4.4 Survivability4.4.1 Linear Protection
4.4.2 Ring Protection
4.5 Control Plane protocols
What is MPLS-TP?
A new standard focused on extending MPLS as a viable transport
ti t h l b ildi th t ti k t t t t k
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
88/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com88 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
option to help building the next generation packet transport networkBeing developed by IETF as a result of a collaboration between IETF and ITU-T via joint
working team (JWT)
Objective:
To bring transport requirements into IETF MPLS and extend IETF MPLS
forwarding, OAM survivability, network management and control plane
protocols to meet those requirements through IETF standard process
The JWT is divided into multiple sub-groups focused on:
Forwarding plane
OAM
Protection
Control plane
Management
MPLS-TP defines a profile of MPLS targeted at Transport applications.
This addresses specific MPLS characteristics and extensions
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
89/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com89 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
MPLS-TP foundation
The architecture for a transport profile of MPLS (MPLS-TP)is based on IETF MPLS (RFC 3031) & IETF PWE3 (RFC 3985)
OAM
extensions
Management
extensions
Control Planeextensions
Survivability
extensions
Alert LabelDefinition
extensions
MPLS-TP profile
required to meet transport requirements.
Desire: To make MPLS more Transport Oriented
NMS Point & Click
LSP d PWE
Configuration of
LSPs & PWEs via NMS
LSPs, PWEs
nesting i il t
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
90/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com90 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Data plane: Data, OAM, protection congruent within architecture
Control plane: Optional and separated from data plane
Management plane: Configuration of LSP, PWE with point & click
MPLS-TP
LSP and PWE
management via external
LSP s & PWE s via NMS
and later dynamic control
plane
nesting similar toSONET/SDH
environments
LSP, PWE, OAMworks independent of control
plane
OAM and Data pathmust be congruent (use
the same path)
Protection and OAMmechanism works
within the MPLS
architecture
The Goal for the MPLS-TP technology
MPLS-TP will enable the migration of SONET/SDH networks to a packet-based network that will easilyscale to support packet services in a simple and cost effective way.
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
91/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com91 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
MPLS-TP forConnection Oriented
services, scalability andflexibility
End-to-End monitoringand control of customer services
Preserve thelook-and-feel towhich carriers have become
accustomed to deploying
SDH/Sonet networks
Efficient support ofpacket based services onthe transport network
Control anddeterministic usageof network resources
EthernetEconomicsUtilisation
Sonet/SDHcomparable Reliability andOperational Simplicity
Main characteristics of MPLS-TP
No modification of MPLS forwarding/data plane architecture
Current Standards for LSPs and PWEs construct
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
92/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com92 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Current Standards for LSP s and PWE s construct
Configure LSPs and PWEs via Management plane
Bidirectional and congruent point-to-point LSPs
Framework supporting transport OAM capabilities for PWEs, LSPs
Complete Fault,
Configuration,
Accounting,
Performance and
Security (FCAPS)
Ability for LSPs and PWEs to be managed at different nested levels (path,
segment, multiple segments)
Interoperability with existing control and forwarding plane
MPLS Transport Profile - Terminology
Emulated Service
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
93/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com93 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Definition of an MPLS Transport Profile (TP) within IETF MPLS standards
Based on PWE3 and LSP forwarding architecture
IETF MPLS architecture concepts
The major construct of the transport profile for MPLS are LSPs
Multi-node LSP network
Pseudo-wire (PWE)
PW1
Attachment
Circuit
PE1 PE2CE1 CE2
Attachment
Circuit
End to End LSP operations
LSP OAMLFIB:AB-BCLFIB:CD-DE
DE, PW-L
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
94/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com94 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Path diversity is not part of the OAM process.
It is the responsibility of the Control Plane
OAM function uses GAL with Generic Channel Association
Pre-provisioned primary and backup paths
LSP OAM running on primary and back-up paths
OAM failure on backup path Alert NMS
OAM failure on primary path A and E updating LFIB
to send and receive PW-L traffic over backup path
LSP OAM
LFIB:BC-CDPW-L, AB
LFIB:AW-WXLFIB:WX-XY
LFIB:XY-YZA
EPrimary Path
Backup Path
PW-L, AW
YZ, PW-L
BA DC FE
Overview: OAM hierarchy and mechanisms
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
95/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com95 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
L0/L1:
Loss of Light; G.709, SONET/SDH LoS, LoF, ES, SES (NOT DISCUSSED)Non MPLS L2 connectivity: Native L2 solution 802.1ag (Not Discussed) , Non IP BFD
Failure propagation across layers is supported by this architecture
General LSPs :
Generic Exception Label and Generic Associated Channel Includes End to End and segment LSPs
Used to carry a variety of OAM, Mgmt, signalling protocols.
Pseudo-wires : PWE3 Associated Channel
L1/L2 L1/L2 L1/L2 L1/L2L1/L2
Segment LSP
End to End LSP
Pseudo-wire
Midpoint
LSP example- end to end and per carrier monitoring
Carrier 1 C i 2
PE
PEPE
PE
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
96/130
96 Nokia Siemens Networks
PP PP
MEP MIP MIP MEP
MEP MEPMEP MEP MEP MEP MIPMIP
A segment is between MEPs
OAM is end to end or per segment In SDH/OTN and Ethernet segment OAM is implemented using Tandem Connection Monitoring (TCM)
The OAM in each segment is independent of any other segment
Recovery actions (Protection or restoration) are always between MEPs i.e. per segment or end to end
Carrier 1 Carrier 2
NNI
MEP: Maintenance End PointMIP: Maintenance Intermediate Point
end to end LSP OAMend to end LSP OAM
segment LSPOAM
(inter carrier)
segment LSPOAM
(inter carrier)
PEPEPEPE
segment LSP OAM(carrier 2)
segment LSP OAM
(carrier 2)segment LSP OAM
(carrier 1)
segment LSP OAM
(carrier 1)
PEPE PP
MIP
NNI NNIPEPEPEPE PEPE
MIPMIP
Contents
1 I t d ti
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
97/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com97 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
1. Introduction
2. Operator Requirements for Transport Networks
3. Ethernet Basics
4. Carrier Ethernet Evolution
5. Carrier Ethernet Transport Technologies6. Carrier Ethernet Transport Network Architecture & Solutions
7. Outlook Towards Future Internet Architectures
8. Conclusion
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
98/130
The migration to CET covers all IPT business linesand is key IPT strategy
f G S
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
99/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com99 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Migration from NG-SDH installed base
Evolution to hybrid platform with CET connectivityFrom TDM to
Packet
From existingbase to optimized
networks
From currentswitches to NG
portfolio Migration from existing non-Connection oriented L2aggregation
Multilayer optimization: L1 to L3
Greenfield overlay with Carrier Ethernet Transport
Interworking with customer edge (L2, L3) and provideredge (L3) as well as with 3rd party L2
Carrier Ethernet Transport
Multi-reach DWDMMicrowavePacket Radio
CET SwitchesHybrid NG
Metro NMS
Migration towards Carrier Ethernet TransportEvolution of Ethernet in all network technologies
IP/MPLS IP
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
100/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com100 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
SDH/SONET
CarrierSwitches
WDM/OTNROADM/PXC
Ethernet ADMwith GFP-T/F
Ethernet ADM
with L2 Switch Integration of
Ethernet functionality
Integration of
Ethernet/ODU-Switching
Classical EthernetClassical Ethernet
Classical IP/MPLS
MPLSMPLS--TPTP
TT--MPLSMPLS
PBBPBB
PBBPBB--TETE
Integration ofEthernet functionality
ELSELS
Microwave
TDMHybrid Packet/TDM
CET Migration Scenarios
A. Replacement of TDM by Packet TransportPl tf b d / Eth t
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
101/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com101 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Platform based on c/o Ethernet
Deployment of a new Packet Transport platformto replace SDH/SONET TDM platform.
B. Hybrid (TDM/Packet) scenario Hybrid platform deployment for all new traffic
(packet and TDM) in a jointly network with an
existing NG-SDH platform for TDM traffic
C. Integration of Ethernet in DWDM GbE add/drop cards or L2 switch cards allows
cost-efficient and scalable DSLAM aggregation /
mobile backhaul in metro aggregation networks
TDM
Packet+
Rethinking the Role of the Layers
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
102/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com102 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
IP/MPLSIP/MPLS
ETHERNET
Including Aggregation, Metro and CoreETHERNET
Including Aggregation, Metro and Core
OTN/WDMOTN/WDM
SONET/SDHSONET/SDH Transition
Service-awarenessHigh-touchnetworking
Efficient end-to-endcarrier-grade packet transportpt-pt, pt-mpt, mpt-pt, mpt-mpt
ServicesLayer 3
Layer 2
Functionsplit
IPIP is the convergence platform forapplicationsapplications and servicesservices.
EthernetEthernet and OTN/WDMOTN/WDM will be the convergence platform fortransporttransport.
Common OTN/WDMinfrastructure
Layer 1
Carrier Ethernet Transport in a Multilayer NetworkOptimized Transport based on Packet, TDM and Optics
Functionality onlyFunctionality only
where neededwhere neededMi i i i t di t
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
103/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com103 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Subscriber/Service
Aggregation Core
Layer 3 / IP
Edge
LER LSR
LSR
Access
GPON
FTTH
Layer 2 / Carrier Ethernet TransportDSLAM
Access Switch
Metro DWDM Core DWDML2 VPN
Leased Line,E-Line
Business
Residential
IP, Voice,Video
Service AwarenessService AwarenessPacket routing
Traffic EngineeringRobust network
(Restoration)
Packet switchingPacket switchingTraffic Engineering
Robust network
Native layer 2Native layer 2PredictablePredictable behaviorCarrier Grade OAMCarrier Grade OAM
Cost efficientCost efficient2.5Gbps, 10Gbps,40Gbps, 100Gbps100Gbps
Native transportNative transport
of services onof services on
the lowest possible layerthe lowest possible layer
dependent on servicedependent on service
requirements and costrequirements and cost
Optimal mixOptimal mix of intermediategrooming and routing and
transparent bypass
(Ethernet + WDMEthernet + WDM)
Minimize intermediaterouting - offload routers
Contents
1 Introduction
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
104/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com104 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
1. Introduction
2. Operator Requirements for Transport Networks
3. Ethernet Basics
4. Carrier Ethernet Evolution
5. Carrier Ethernet Transport Technologies6. Carrier Ethernet Transport Network Architecture & Solutions
Applications
7. Outlook Towards Future Internet Architectures
8. Conclusion
Customer
HQ
High SpeedInternet Access
VPLS or VPLS-TE ServiceVideo conference, Ethernet PMP,Intranet access
Inter-LAN or Inter-PABXEthernet, Storage,Video (surveillance)
Carrier Ethernet enables service providers to deliver awide range of mission-critical applications
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
105/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com105 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
High Speed Access to IP-VPN
Low cost access combinedwith centralized router
to offer IP VPN
Customer
HQ
Customer site
Customer
site
CarrierEthernet
CustomerHQ Customer
site
Customer site
IP VPN
Network
Carrier
Ethernet
Q
Customer
site
CarrierEthernet
Carrier
Ethernet
Customer
HQ
Customer
site
Customer
site
r
Multi-Service Access
VPLS
Group
Customer HQ
Customer
site
T1/E1
OC-3/STM1
or NxT1/E1
Intranet accessVideo (surveillance)
VPLS: Virtual Private LAN Services VPN: Virtual Private Network
www
IP VPN
CET Solution Focus addresses three mainoperator broadband challenges
R id i l d b db d
-
8/3/2019 Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Network T7_Gruber_Autenrieth
106/130
Claus G. Gruber, Achim Autenrieth, {claus.gruber,achim.autenrieth}@nsn.com106 Nokia Siemens Networks 2008/09/29
Networks 2008 - Carrier Ethernet Transport in Metro and Core Networks
Residential and broadband
High Speed Internet (HSI)
IPTV, VoD
Voice
Mobile Backhauling
TDM PWE3 (CESoP) for 2G backhaul
Ethernet backhaul for 3G, I-HSPA, LTE & WiMAX Synchronous Ethernet